Unit4Cyberspace語法篇____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________1、掌握will和begoingto的用法區(qū)別。2、掌握虛擬語氣的基本用法。will和begoingto用法區(qū)別：will的用法（will是情態(tài)動(dòng)詞，后接動(dòng)詞原形。常表示依據(jù)直覺、知識、經(jīng)驗(yàn)等做出的揣測）=1\*GB3①will表將來存在的狀態(tài)、將要發(fā)生的動(dòng)作或?qū)淼慕?jīng)常性、習(xí)慣性動(dòng)作，常與時(shí)間狀語nextweek,tomorrow等連用。例：Theywillbedoctors5yearslater.五年后，他們將成為醫(yī)生。Eachtimehecomestothecityonbusiness,hewillvisithisEnglishteacher.每次來這個(gè)城市出差，他都會拜訪他的英語老師。IwillgotoBritainnextweek.下星期我要去英國。=2\*GB3②事物固有的屬性、特征或發(fā)展的必然趨勢。例：Itwillbecomewarmwhenspringcomes.當(dāng)春天來臨時(shí)，天氣將變暖。Fishwilldiewithoutwater.魚兒離開水會死。=3\*GB3③說話時(shí)臨時(shí)做出的決定?！狪hearJimwasinjuredinacaraccident.Heisinhospitalnow.聽說吉姆在一場交通事故中受傷了，現(xiàn)在在醫(yī)院。—ThenIwillgotoseehim.那我這就去看他。=4\*GB3④表示請求和邀請，常用于第二人稱。Willyoucomeinandhaveadrink?你愿意進(jìn)來喝一杯嗎？=5\*GB3⑤說話者對未來作出語言和揣測。Youwillbeallrightaftertakingthismedicine.吃過這藥你就會好了。=6\*GB3⑥可以表意愿、意圖、自愿或堅(jiān)持做某事。He’lltakeyouhome.Youonlyhavetoask.他愿意送你回家，你只要跟他說一聲就行。begoingto的用法（打算，將要…）=1\*GB3①事先經(jīng)過考慮或準(zhǔn)備，打算最近或?qū)硪龅氖隆hatareyougoingtobewhenyougrowup?等你長大，你想要成為什么？=2\*GB3②根據(jù)現(xiàn)在的跡象，預(yù)計(jì)要發(fā)生的事。Theoldmanissoweak,heisgoingtodie.老人如此虛弱，他活不長了。will與begoingto表將來時(shí)的區(qū)別=1\*GB3①begoingto可用于表將來時(shí)的條件狀語從句中，而will不行。錯(cuò)誤：Ifyouwillplaybasketball,youhavetofinishyourhomeworkfirst.正確：Ifyouaregoingtoplaybasket,youhavetofinishyourhomeworkfirst.=2\*GB3②will可以用在帶有條件狀語從句的主句中表將來，而begoingto不行。錯(cuò)誤：Ifitisfine,wearegoingtogocamping.正確：Ifitisfine,wewillgocamping.=3\*GB3③begoingto表示近期、眼下就要發(fā)生的事情，will表示的將來時(shí)間則更遠(yuǎn)一些。Heisgoingtowrithealettertonight.他打算今晚寫封信。Hewillwriteabookoneday.他打算將來寫本書。=4\*GB3④will臨時(shí)決定要做的事，begoingto事先考慮要做的事?！猈hyareyoutakingitout?干嘛要把它拿出來？—I’mgoingtowashit.我想把它洗一洗?！猈hereisthetelephonebook?電話簿在哪里？—I’llgetitforyou.我去給你拿。虛擬語氣if條件句中的虛擬語氣=1\*GB3①與現(xiàn)在事實(shí)相反的虛擬語氣：條件句謂語用“過去時(shí)（be動(dòng)詞一般用were）”，主句謂語用“would/should/could/might+動(dòng)詞原形”。IfIsawhimnow,Iwouldbeveryhappy.如果我現(xiàn)在見到他，我會很高興的。=2\*GB3②與過去事實(shí)相反的虛擬語氣：條件句謂語用“過去完成時(shí)”，主句謂語用“would/should/could/might+have+過去分詞”。Ifhehadfollowedmyadvice,hewouldn’thavelosthisjob.如果他當(dāng)時(shí)接受我的建議，就不會丟掉他的工作了。=3\*GB3③與將來事實(shí)相反的虛擬語氣：條件句謂語用“過去時(shí)或should/wereto+動(dòng)詞原形”，主句謂語用“would/should/could/might+動(dòng)詞原形”。Ifitsnowed/weretosnow/shouldsnowtomorrow,wewouldtakephotos.如果明天下雪，我們就照相。=4\*GB3④混合虛擬語氣：主句和虛擬條件從句的動(dòng)作發(fā)生時(shí)間不一致，此時(shí)，主句和從句的謂語動(dòng)詞要根據(jù)所指的不同時(shí)間選擇各自適當(dāng)?shù)男问?。Ifhehadn’thurthisleginthelasttraining,hewouldjoininthecomingWorldCup,whichhehasbeenlongingtocompetein.要是在上次訓(xùn)練中他的腿沒受傷的話，他會參加他渴望已久的世界杯。=5\*GB3⑤含蓄虛擬語氣：有時(shí)為了表達(dá)的需要，假設(shè)的情況并不以if條件句表現(xiàn)出來，而是通過butfor,without,otherwise,or等介詞、副詞暗含在上下文中。Butforyourhelp,itwouldhavecausedaseriousloss.要不是你的幫助，將會導(dǎo)致巨大損失。=6\*GB3⑥若條件從句中有were,had,should，可把if省略，把were,had,should放在主句前，形成倒裝。Hadyoutakenmyadvice,youwouldn’thavefailedintheexamination.如果你聽了我打建議，你就不會考試不及格了。其他從句中的虛擬語氣=1\*GB3①在名詞性從句中，表示命令，建議，要求等一類動(dòng)詞后面的賓語從句中用虛擬語氣。即一堅(jiān)持insist；二命令order,command；三建議suggest,propose,advise；五要求require,request,demand,desire,urge+that+主語+(should)do。Heinsistedthathe(should)besenthere.他堅(jiān)持他應(yīng)該被派去那里。suggestion,proposal,idea,plan,order,advice等名詞的標(biāo)語從句，同位語從句要用虛擬語氣。=2\*GB3②wish后面所跟的賓語從句的虛擬語氣對現(xiàn)在事實(shí)的虛擬：wish+主語+動(dòng)詞過去式或wereIwishIknewwherehelives.我要是知道他住在什么地方就好了。對過去事實(shí)的虛擬：wish+主語+had+過去分詞Thiswatchhasgonewrong,IwishIhadboughtabettermake.這只表壞了，我真希望我買的是好點(diǎn)的牌子。對將來事實(shí)的虛擬：wish+主語+would+動(dòng)詞原形Iwishyouwouldn’tleaveyourclothesalloverthefloor.我真希望你不把衣服丟的滿地都是。=3\*GB3③wouldrather的虛擬語氣，表示“寧愿，但愿”。I’dratheryousetoutearliertomorrowmorning.我寧愿你明天早晨早點(diǎn)出發(fā)。=4\*GB3④Itis(high/about)time(that)…的虛擬語氣It’shightimethatyouwenttobed.該是你睡覺的時(shí)間了。=5\*GB3⑤ifonly引導(dǎo)的虛擬語氣，表示愿望。IfonlyIhadanotherchance.要是我再有一次機(jī)會就好了。=6\*GB3⑥asif從句，看語境是否與事實(shí)相反而選擇是否使用虛擬語氣.Shetalkeditagainandagainasifshewouldneverend.她反復(fù)談?wù)撃羌拢孟裼肋h(yuǎn)也談不完。例1.Inthenearfuture,moreadvancesintherobottechnology_____byscientists.aremakingaremadewillmakewillbemade例2.Dr.Smith,togetherwithhiswifeanddaughters,_____visitBeijingthissummer.isgoingtoaregoingtowasgoingtoweregoingto例3.MaybeifI_____science,andnotliteraturethen,Iwouldbeabletogiveyoumorehelp.studiedwouldstudyhadstudiedwasstudying例4.Thedoctorrecommendedthatyou_____swimaftereatingalargemeal.A.wouldn’tB.couldn’tC.needn’tD.shouldn’t例5.（2015北京101中學(xué)高三測試）—Ithinkwearelost.I’venoideawhereweare.—Iwishwe_____themapwithus.A.bringB.wouldbringC.havebroughtD.hadbrought基礎(chǔ)演練一，用括號里詞的適當(dāng)形式填空。Bythetimeyouhavefinishedthisbook,yourmeal__________(get)cold.Don’tworry.Thehardworkthatyoudonow__________(repay)laterinlife.—Annisinhospital.—Oh,really?I__________(notknow).I__________(go)andvisither.4.Nojudgment__________(make)aboutwhetherthemanisguiltyuntilthewholecasehasbeeninvestigated.5.Remembertogiveyourparentsmyregardswhenyou__________(phone)home.6.Mycomputerneedstoberepaired.Howmuchdoyouthinkit__________(cost)?7.Sorry,Iamtoobusynow.IfI__________(have)time,Iwouldcertainlygoforanoutingwithyou.8.Shedidn’tcometothepartylastSunday.Ifshe__________(come),shemusthavemadethepartymoreexciting.9.Ifwe__________(book)atableearlier,wewouldn’tbestandinghereinaqueue.10.We__________(put)John’snameontheracelistyesterdaybutforhisrecentinjury.鞏固提高一，單項(xiàng)選擇。Ifwe_____adequatepreparation,theconferencewouldn’thavebeensosuccessful.haven’tmade B.wouldn’tmake C.didn’tmake D.hadn’tmadeHadtheyknownwhatwascomingnext,they_____secondthoughts.mayhave B.couldhave C.musthavehad D.mighthavehadGeorgeisgoingtotalkaboutthegeographyofhiscountry,butI’dratherhe_____moreonitsculture.focus B.focused C.wouldfocus D.hadfocused—Goodbye,John.Comebackagainsometime.—Sure,_____.Idid B.Ido C.Ishall D.IwillClosethedooroffearbehindyou,andyou_____thedooroffaithopenbeforeyou.saw B.haveseen C.willsee D.areseeing一，單項(xiàng)選擇。（2015北京海淀高三第一學(xué)期期末）—Thezookeeperwasreallyannoyedwithme.—Ithinkso.We_____theBotanicalGardenthen.didn’tthrow B.don’tthrow C.hadn’tthrown D.haven’tthrown（2015北京西城高三第一學(xué)期期末）Peterwouldhavethechancetopresenthistalentsinthecompetitionnowifhe_____lastterm.signedup B.hadsignedup C.signsup D.hassignedup（2015北京東城高三第一學(xué)期期末）Theworldtoday_____differentwithouttheamazingdiscoveriesproducedbygreatscientists.Were B.hadbeen C.wouldbe D.wouldhavebeen（2015北京石景山高三第一學(xué)期期末）We_____thesunshineinSanyanowifitwerenotforthedelayofourflight.A.wereenjoying B.wouldhaveenjoyed C.wouldbeenjoying D.willenjoy5.—Whatdidyousuggest___,Joan?—Isuggested___herfatherforhisopinion.A.herdoing,toask B.shedid;askingC.hertodo;toask D.shedo;asking6.I’mfeelingsorrythatmymotherdiedofcancer.NowifI___amillionaire,I___ahospitalforthosewithcancer.A.hadbeen;wouldhaveopened B.were;wouldopenC.was;wouldopen D.an;willopen7.Goldis___worth$400aliang,butIcanbuyitatalowerprice.A.officially B.personallyC.absolutely D.well8.Later,thewarmade_____impossibleforEnglandtosendthosebadpeoplewhobrokelawtoNorthAmerica.A.this B.itC.that D.one9.Thechildrenareveryquiet;Iwonderwhattheyareup____.A.against B.for C.to D.with10.—JuliaandPaularegettingmarried!—Oh,____.A.howexciting! B.howexcited!C.itdoesn’tsoundexciting D.itsoundsexcited11.Today85%oftheAustralianpopulation___inthegreatcities____aroundthecoast.A.lives;locating B.lived;locatingC.living;located D.live;located12.AllthetownsandvillagesdownbytheHuaiheRiver____manytimesbytheendoflastmonth.A.havebeenflooded B.hadbeenfloodedC.haveflooded D.hadflooded13.Robberiesoftenhappenaroundthehospital.AnursewaswalkinghomelastSundaynightwhenshe___.A.wastobeattacked B.hadgotattackedC.wasgoingtoattack D.gotattacked14.Thekindmanagertreatshisworkers___theywerehischildren.Aevenif B.asif C.though D.as15.Theaccidentcouldhavebeenmuchworse;fortunatelyno___wasdonetotheboy.A.stress B.harm C.need D.help__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________閱讀理解。Canadaisaverylargecountry.Itisthesecondlargestcountryintheworld.Bycontrastithasaverysmallpopulation.Thereareonlyabout29millionpeoplethere.MostCanadiansareofBritishorFrenchorigin,andFrenchisanofficiallanguageofCanadaaswellasEnglish.About45%ofthepeopleareofBritishorigin,thatis,theyortheirparentsorgrandparents,etc,comefromBritain.Nearly30%areofFrenchorigin.MostoftheFrench-CanadiansliveintheprovinceofQuebec.Overtheyears,peoplehavecometoliveinCanadafrommanycountriesintheworld.TheyarefrommostEuropeancountriesandalsofromChina,besidesotherAsiancountries.However,CanadawasnotanemptycountrywhentheEuropeansbegantoarrive.CanadianIndianslivedalongthecoast,bytheriversandlakesandinforests.Todaythereareonlyabout350000Indiansinthewholecountry,withtheirownlanguages.InthefarnorthlivetheInuit.Thereareonly27000Canadian-Inuit.Theirlifeishardinsuchadifficultclimate.1.About_____liveinQuebec.A.30%oftheFrench-Canadians B.45%oftheCanadiansC.29000000people D.8700000French-Canadians2.TheofficiallanguagesofCanadaare_____.A.EnglishandChinese B.FrenchandEnglishC.IndianandEnglish D.ChineseandInuit3.Theword“origin”inthispassagemeans_____.A.血統(tǒng) B.后裔C.先驅(qū) D.猿人4.Whichofthefollowingistrueaccordingtothispassage?A.Thereare27000Canadian-IndiansinCanada.B.Morethan13millionpeoplehavecomefromBritainandFranceinrecentyears.C.Thereare30%ofthepopulationwhoseparentsorgrandparentscomefromFrance.D.TherearenopeoplewhentheEuropeansbegantoarriveinCanada.二，完型填空。Wespentadayinthecountry,pickingwildflowers.__1__thecarfullofflowersweweregoinghome.Onourwaybackmywifenoticedacupboardoutsideafurnitureshop.Itwastallandnarrow.“__2__it,”mywifesaidatonce.”We’llcarryithomeontheroofrack（行李架）.I'vealwayswantedonelikethat.”WhatcouldIdo?TenminuteslaterIwas＄20__3_,andthecupboardwastiedontotheroofrack.It__4__sixfeetlongandeighteeninchessquare,quiteheavy,too.InthegatheringdarknessIdroveslowly.Otherdriversseemedunusually__5__thatevening.Thepoliceevenstoppedtraffictoletusthrough.Carryingfurniturewasagoodidea.Afteratimemywifesaid,”There’salonglineofcars__6__.Whydon'ttheypassus,Iwonder?”Infactapolicecardidpass.Thetwoofficersinsideshoutedatusseriouslyastheypassed.Butthenwithgreatkindness,theyledusthroughtherushhourtraffic.Thepolicecarstopped__7__ourvillagechurch.Oneoftheofficerscametome.“Right,sir,”hesaid.“Doyo