備戰(zhàn)2024年高考英語(yǔ)模擬卷01（九省新高考）

（考試時(shí)間：120分鐘試卷滿(mǎn)分：150分）

注意事項(xiàng)：

1.答卷前，考生務(wù)必將自己的姓名、考生號(hào)等填寫(xiě)在答題卡和試卷指定位置上。

2.回答選擇題時(shí)，選出每小題答案后，用鉛筆把答題卡對(duì)應(yīng)題目的答案標(biāo)號(hào)涂黑。如需改動(dòng)，

用橡皮擦干凈后，再選涂其他答案標(biāo)號(hào)?；卮鸱沁x擇題時(shí)，將答案寫(xiě)在答題卡上。寫(xiě)在本試卷上無(wú)效。

3.考試結(jié)束后，將本試卷和答題卡一并交回。

第一部分：聽(tīng)力（共兩節(jié)，滿(mǎn)分30分）

第一節(jié)聽(tīng)下面5段對(duì)話。每段對(duì)話后有一個(gè)小題,從題中所給的A、B、C三個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選

項(xiàng)。聽(tīng)完每段對(duì)話后，你都有10秒鐘的時(shí)間來(lái)回答有關(guān)小題和閱讀下一小題。每段對(duì)話僅讀一遍。

1.Whatis"couscous”?

A.Anewhotel.B.Akindoffood.C.Acloserelative.

【答案】B

【原文】M:Youshouldtrythis.Myauntcookedit.

W:Hmm...delicious.Whatisit?

M:It'scalled“couscous”.It'smadefromwheat.There9ssomemeatontopofit.

2.Howdoesthewomanfeelnow?

A.Nervous.B.Excited.C.Tired.

【答案】C

【原文】M:Howdidyourinterviewgotoday?

W:Iwassonervous!Butanyway,Igotthejoboffer.Whatarelief!

M:Congratulations!Careforadrinknow?

W:Iamsorry,thepreparationcostmethewholenight.Imissmybednow.Lefsmakeitanotherday.

3.Wheredoestheconversationprobablytakeplace?

A.Athome.B.Ontheexpressway.C.Inthecar.

【答案】C

［原文］M:Oh!Anotherfoggyday!Theradiosaysthatthevisibilityiswithinonly20meters.

W:So,whatarewegoingtodonow?Theexpresswaymusthavebeenclosedbecauseofit.

M:Isee,weshouldprobablyfindanotherwayhome.Letmegetthemap.

4.Whathappenedtotheman?

A.Hecouldn'tstopthecar.B.Hewasdrivingcarelessly.C.Hewasstoppedbyapoliceman.

【答案】B

【原文】W:Thereisamanpassingthezebracrossing.Youshouldhavestoppedthecar!

M:Sorry.Ididn'tseehim.

W:Itoldyounottobesocareless.Youwouldgetcaughtbythepolice!

5.Whoistheman?

A.Thewomansneighbor.B.Thewoman'sbrother.C.Asalesman.

【答案】A

【原文】M:Doyouneedhelpwiththosebags?

W:Well,thankyou!Butmybrotherwillbeheresoon.

M:Ifsnoproblem,really.Icanhelpyouuntilhegetshere.Neighborsshouldbehelpingeachother,right?

第二節(jié)聽(tīng)下面5段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白。每段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白后有幾個(gè)小題,從題中所給的A、B、C三個(gè)選項(xiàng)

中選出最佳選項(xiàng)。聽(tīng)每段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白前，你將有時(shí)間閱讀各個(gè)小題，每小題5秒鐘；聽(tīng)完后，各小題

將給出5秒鐘的作答時(shí)間。每段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白讀兩遍。

聽(tīng)下面一段對(duì)話，回答以下小題。

6.Whatdoesthewomanwantthemantodo?

A.Helpwithherwork.B.Sendforadoctor.C.Haveacheckup.

7.Whatistherelationshipbetweenthespeakers?

A.Doctorandpatient.B.Colleagues.C.Bossandsecretary.

【答案】6.A7.B

【原文】W:Ineedtotakeafewhoursofftoseemydoctor.CanyoucoverformetillIgetback?

M:Noproblem.Doyoufeelokay?

W:I'mfine.It'sjustthatIhavetogetmyannualphysicalexaminationdone.IfIdon'thavethereport

returnedinbytheendoftheweek,Imaybedisqualifiedfromparticipatinginthepany'shealthinsurance

plan.

M:Oh,byallmeansgo.Youneedtogetthatdone.IhadminedonelastmonthandFvealreadyhandedin

thepaperworktothehumanresourcesdepartment.

聽(tīng)下面一段較長(zhǎng)對(duì)話，回答以下小題。

8.Whafstheweatherlike?

A.Cloudy.B.Windy.C.Sunny.

9.Whatanimalshavethespeakersseensofar?

A.Lizards.B.Tigers.C.Wolves.

10.Whyarethespeakerswalking?

A.Toobserveanimals.B.Toslimdown.C.Toenjoythescenery.

【答案】8.C9.A10.B

【原文】W:Lefsstopfbrawhile.Ineedabreakandsomeicewater.

M:Thispathishardtoclimb,isn'tit?

W:Yousaidit.Especiallyonahotdaylikethis.Nocloud,noshade,notevenanywind!

M:Ican'tbelievewehaven'tseenanyanimals.

W:Thankgoodness!Idon'twanttoseeanywildanimals.

M:Allwe'veseensofarisacoupleoflizards.It'sreallywildaroundhere.Whatapity!

W:Peter!We'rehikingtoloseweight,nottoseetigersorwolves.

M:Yeah,you'reright.IbetFvelostacoupleofpoundsalready.

W:Allyou'velostissomesweat.

M:Ihaven,tlostevenonepoundoffat?

W:Ifyouwanttolosefat,you'vegottodothishikeeveryday.

M:OK,butlefshikeintownnexttime.Atleasttherearecatsanddogstosee.

聽(tīng)下面一段較長(zhǎng)對(duì)話，回答以下小題。

11.Whenwillthemangototherestaurant?

A.OnTuesday.B.OnWednesday.C.OnThursday.

12.Whowillhavedinnerwiththeman?

A.Acouple.B.Somefriends.C.Hisfamily.

13.Whatwillthemandonext?

A.Providepersonalinformation.

B.Tellthewaitresshisarrivingtime.

C.Askforatableatthenonsmokingarea.

【答案】11.C12.C13.A

【原文】W:Goodevening,Benny'sChopHouse.HowmayIhelpyou,please?

M:Goodevening.TdliketobookatableforTuesdayorWednesdaynight,please.

W:Sorry,butwe'refullybookedeverydayuntilThursday.Canyouethatnight?

M:Letmesee...OK,Tilbookatableforthenight.

W:Good.Sohowmanypeoplearethereinyourparty,please?

M:Ineedtobookatableforafamilyoffour.Twoadultsandtwokids.

W:You'relucky,sir.Acouplehasjustcanceledtheirreservation,andwehavesuchatableleftforthatnight.

Butifsnotinthesmokingsection.Ihopeyoudon'tmindthat.

M:Thafsfinewithme.Noneofussmoke.Asamatteroffact,wehatesecondhandsmoking.Bytheway,

canweearound7:00pm?

W:Yes.Andweclosearound10:30pm.NowmayIknowyournameandyournumber,please?

M:Certainly.

聽(tīng)下面一段較長(zhǎng)對(duì)話，回答以下小題。

14.WheredoesMarkusuallyreadnewsnow?

A.Inanewspaper.B.Inamagazine.C.OntheInternet.

15.Whatmakesthewomansurprisedaboutthemachine?

A.Ithasasmallglasswindow.

B.Itcanmakeapizzainashorttime.

C.Itoffersfourtypesofpizzasatatime.

16.Whatdoesthewomanthinkofthemachine?

A.Itisquitenecessary.B.Itmightnotbepopular.C.Itwillcertainlysucceed.

17.Whatisanadvantageofthemachine?

A.The24hourservice.B.Tastypizzamadebyit.C.Thelowproductioncost.

【答案】14.C15.B16.B17.A

【原文】W:Doyoustilllikereadingnewspapersormagazines,Mark?

M:No.NowIoftenreadnewsonsomefamousnewssites.Ifsmoreconvenient.

W:Isthereanyimpressivenewstoday?

M:Yes.Thenewsaboutavendingmachinethatbakesapizzainthreeminutes.

W:Bakingapizzainthreeminutes?Thafsreallyunbelievable.SoisitintheUS?

M:No.It'sinRome.Themachineiscalled"Mr.GoPizza”.Itoffersfourdifferentkindsofpizzaswhich

costbetween$5and$7.There?sasmallglasswindowthatallowscustomerstowatchastheirpizzabakes.

W:Sowhataboutthepizza?Doesittastegood?

M:Somepeoplecalledthepizza“terrible”;otherswerekinder.TheysaidthepizzaisOK,buttheyalsosaid

it'snotpizza.

W:Well,Italyiswellknownfbritspizzas.Therearesomanyrestaurantsthatsellpizzas.Idon'tthinksucha

machinewillbesuccessfulthere.

M:Idoubtit,too.Butthemachinehasanadvantage.

W:Whatisit?

M:Itoffers24hourservice.Itisveryusefulifyou'rehungrylateatnight.

聽(tīng)下面一段獨(dú)白，回答以下小題。

18.Whyisthebaobab'strunkreallyfat?

A.Itisshapedbypeople.

B.Itstoresalargequantityofwater.

C.Itmustbestrongenoughtosupportthetree.

19.Whatisthefullheightofabaobab?

A.About12metres.B.About15metres.C.About30metres.

20.Whatarebaobabsoftenusedasnowadays?

A.Shops.B.Wildlifehabitats.C.Busshelters.

【答案】18.B19.C20.C

【原文】M:Goodmorning,everyone.Weletoourpark.Thesubjectofmytalktodayisthisstrangelooking

treethatyouseehereinfrontofyou.Itisknownasthebottletreeinsomepartsoftheworld.Wepreferto

callitbyitsmoremonname-thebaobab.Thebaobabsurvivesbystoringwaterinsideitstrunk.Thetrunk

canswellupenormously,andstoreupto120,000litersofwater.Youcanseeinthistreehowthetrunkis

reallyfatandshapedlikeabottle.Baobabsgenerallycanreachheightsofabout30metres,butthisone,at

15metres,isjustababybyparison.Baobabshavebeenusedasshopsinthepast.Nowadays,however,a

baobabisoftenusedasabusshelterbecauseitprovidesshadewhenit'ssunnyandprotectionwhenitrains!

Thisamazingtreehasanothername-theTreeofLife,andwhenyouthinkhowitcancreateaplete

ecosystem,supportingthelifeofmanyanimals,youunderstandwhy.Thenthinkofthemanywayshumans

usethistree.Yes,Ithinkthisisthebestnameofall:theTreeofLife.Doesanybodyhaveanyquestions?

第二部分閱讀（共兩節(jié)，滿(mǎn)分50分）

第一節(jié)（共15小題；每小題2.5分，滿(mǎn)分37?5分）

閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)。

A

NationalparkslikeYellowstonearepopulardestinationsforbothfamilyvacationsandadventuretrips

alike.Buttherearesomeplacesthatsimplydon'tgetthelovethattheydeservedespitethefactthattheyare

trulyimpressive.

IsleRoyaleNationalPark

LocatedintheheartofLakeSuperior,IsleRoyalerequiresabitofworktoreach,butitiswellworth

theeffort.Accessispermittedonlyviadailyferries,whichiswhylargerparkslikeYellowstoneseemore

visitorsinadaythanIsleRoyaleseesinayear.Wildlifelikewolvesarefrequentlyspottedbyhikersalong

thepark'sscenictrails.

DryTortugasNationalPark

Anotherislandpark,theDryTortugascanbefound68milestothesouthwestoftheFloridaKeys.

Accessibleonlybyboatorplane,thisparkisactuallyquitesmall,butifspackedwithhistory,abundantsea

life,andamazingcoralreefs.AtthecenteroftheparkisFortJefferson,thelargestmasonry（磚石）structure

intheWesternHemisphere.

WrangellSt.EliasNationalPark

Coveringmorethan13.2millionacres,WrangellStEliasNationalParkisthelargestintheentireU.S.

system.Remoteandmostlyundeveloped,thisisaparkthatdemandsmorefromitsvisitors,afterallthere

arejusttworoadsthatleadintoit.Butinreturn,itgivesthemaspecialconnectionwithnaturethatsimply

isn'tfoundanywhereelse.

BigBendNationalPark

TravelerslookingforatrulywildexperienceshouldhaveBigBendNationalParkontheirbucketlists.

BigBendiswellknownforitswhitewaterraftingcamping,andhikingalthoughduringthesummermonths

itcanbeintenselywarm,keepingmanyvisitorsaway.

21.WhatisthemainreasonforfewervisitorstoIsleRoyaleNationalPark?

A.Theterriblework.B.Thedangerouswolves.

C.Theremotelocation.D.Theinconvenienttransport.

22.Whichparkwillyouvisitifyouareinterestedinhistory?

A.BigBendNationalPark.B.IsleRoyaleNationalPark.

C.DryTortugasNationalPark.D.WrangellSt.EliasNationalPark.

23.HowisWrangellSt.EliasNationalParkdifferentfromtheotherthreeparks?

A.Withitswideroads.B.Withitslargearea.

C.Withitsbeautifulscenery.D.Withitsspecialvisitors

【答案】21.D22.C23.B

【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】本文是一篇應(yīng)用文。文章主要介紹了幾個(gè)游客很少游覽，但是確實(shí)令人印象深刻的國(guó)家公園。

21.細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)IsleRoyaleNationalPark部分中的“LocatedintheheartofLakeSuperior,Isle

Royalerequiresabitofworktoreach,butitiswellworththeeffort.Accessispermittedonlyviadaily

ferries,whichiswhylargerparkslikeYellowstoneseemorevisitorsinadaythanIsleRoyaleseesinayear.

（皇家島位于蘇必利爾湖的中心地帶，需要花費(fèi)一些功夫才能到達(dá)，但這是值得的。只能通過(guò)每日渡

輪進(jìn)入，這就是為什么像黃石公園這樣的大型公園一天接待的游客數(shù)量比皇家島一年接待的游客數(shù)量

還要多）“可知，皇家島國(guó)家公園（IsleRoyaleNationalPark）游客較少的主要原因是交通不方便。故選

Do

22.細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)DryTortugasNationalPark部分中的“Accessibleonlybyboatorplane,thisparkis

actuallyquitesmall,butifspackedwithhistory,abundantsealife,andamazingcoralreefs.（這個(gè)公園只能

乘船或飛機(jī)到達(dá)，實(shí)際上很小，但它充滿(mǎn)了歷史、豐富的海洋生物和令人驚嘆的珊瑚礁戶(hù)可知，如果

你對(duì)歷史感興趣，你會(huì)去DryTortugasNationalPark,故選Co

23.細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)WrangellSt.EliasNationalPark部分中的“Coveringmorethan13.2millionacres,

WrangellStEliasNationalParkisthelargestintheentireU.S.system.（蘭格爾一圣埃利亞斯國(guó)家公園占

地超過(guò)1320萬(wàn)英畝，是整個(gè)美國(guó)系統(tǒng)中最大的國(guó)家公園）”可知，WrangellSt.Elias國(guó)家公園與其他三

個(gè)公園不同之處在于：它是最大的國(guó)家公園，故選B。

B

WhenIfirstbeganrunninginhighschoolonthetrackteam,itmadesensetocarefullyclockeverymile

andpushmyselftoraceforpersonalbests.ButasIchangedfromrunningforsporttorunningfor

amusementasanadult,Ifoundthattrackingmyworkoutsoftenjustendedwithfrustration.Anditwasn't

untilmywatchbatterydiedseveralyearsagothatIfirstexperiencedthesenseofcalmthatcamewith

runningforthepurejoyofit.Ineverreplacedthewatchbattery,andthatmightnotbeabadthingformy

fitnessgoals.

Thisistheideaofunplugged（不插電的）running,whichisgainingsteaminthefitnessmunity.And

recentresearchhasshownthatgettingridofyourrunningwatch,especiallyifit'sasmartwatchorfitness

tracker,couldactuallyimproveyourworkout——oratleastyourenjoymentofrunning.

“Peopleusedtohaveaninterestintheirsportandgetenjoymentoutofthesport,butnowthafs

switchingtothedata,“saidEoinWhelan,aseniorlecturerattheNationalUniversityofIrelandGalway.

“Theywillparethemselvestopeoplewhoarebetterthanthem,whoarerunningfasterorrunninglonger.

Andintheendweknowthatmakesthemfeelbad.9,

Whelanalsonotedthatpeoplewhoareverydependentonsmartwatchesorfitnesstrackersaremore

likelytoskiptheirworkoutsifthebatteriesontheirtrackingdevicesaredead.

Inaddition,thereisevidencethatrunningwatchfreeisbeneficialformorethanjustthecasualjogger.

Someprofessionalsalsohavehadsuccesswithleavingtheirwatchesathome.WelshrunnerSteveJones

famouslysetaworldrecordatthe1984ChicagoMarathonwithoutwearingawatch.Morerecently,

OlympicmarathonerTrevorHofbauermadeheadlinesforwinningthe2019CanadianMarathon

Championshipswithoutawatch.

“Ifyouhavetoomuchinformationbeingfedtoyouinrealtime,itcankindofgetinyourhead,“

Hofbauersaid.t6Forme,thesimpler,thebetter.

24.Whathappenedtotheauthorwhenhisrunningwatchdidn'twork?

A.Helostthedesiretokeeprunningeveryday.

B.Heexperiencedrunningasareallyfunactivity.

C.Hewasatalosshowtoreplacethewatchbattery.

D.Hehadgreatdifficultyachievinghisfitnessgoals.

25.WhatdoesEoinWhelansayaboutfitnesstrackingwatches?

A.Theycanenrichthewearers9sociallife.

B.Thedataprovidedbythemisunreliable.

C.Thewaypeopleusethemisproper.

D.Theycanleadtoharmfulconsequences.

26.WhydoestheauthormentionTrevorHofbauerinparagraph5?

A.Toshowthepopularityofrunningwatchfree.

B.Toencouragepeopletobeeprofessionalrunners.

C.Toprovethepositiveeffectsofrunningwatchfree.

D.Topresentprofessionals9viewsonrunningwatchfree.

27.Whatisthemainideaofthetext?

A.It'stimetotakeoffyourrunningwatch.

B.Unpluggedrunningactuallyhastwosides.

C.paringwithothersshouldbeavoided.

D.Racingforpersonalbestsrequiressimplicity.

【答案】24.B25.D26.C27.A

【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】本文是一篇夾敘夾議文。作者結(jié)合自己的切身經(jīng)歷講述了運(yùn)動(dòng)手表會(huì)影響我們享受跑步的過(guò)

程，還會(huì)帶來(lái)其他負(fù)面的影響，因此在跑步時(shí)不戴運(yùn)動(dòng)手表是一個(gè)不錯(cuò)的選擇。

24.細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第一段中“Anditwasn'tuntilmywatchbatterydiedseveralyearsagothatIfirst

experiencedthesenseofcalmthatcamewithrunningforthepurejoyofit.Ineverreplacedthewatch

battery,andthatmightnotbeabadthingformyfitnessgoals.

（直到幾年前我的手表電池沒(méi)電了，我才第一次體驗(yàn)到跑步帶來(lái)的平靜感。我從未更換過(guò)手表電池，

這對(duì)我的健身目標(biāo)來(lái)說(shuō)可能不是一件壞事。）”可知，當(dāng)作者的跑步手表失靈時(shí)，作者開(kāi)始體會(huì)到純粹

的跑步樂(lè)趣，故選B項(xiàng)。

25.推理判斷題。根據(jù)第三段中的“"Theywillparethemselvestopeoplewhoarebetterthanthem,whoare

runningfasterorrunninglonger.Andintheendweknowthatmakesthemfeelbad."（“他們會(huì)將自己與比

他們更好的人進(jìn)行比較，他們跑得更快或跑得更久。最后，我們知道這會(huì)讓他們感到難過(guò)。"）”及第

四段“Whelanalsonotedthatpeoplewhoareverydependentonsmartwatchesorfitnesstrackersaremore

likelytoskiptheirworkoutsifthebatteriesontheirtrackingdevicesaredead.（惠蘭還指出，如果跟蹤設(shè)備

上的電池沒(méi)電了，那些非常依賴(lài)智能手表或健身追蹤器的人更有可能跳過(guò)鍛煉。）”可知，運(yùn)動(dòng)追蹤手

表會(huì)到來(lái)相互攀比的問(wèn)題，會(huì)讓運(yùn)動(dòng)者感覺(jué)很糟糕，對(duì)運(yùn)動(dòng)手表的過(guò)去依賴(lài)會(huì)讓人們失去內(nèi)在的運(yùn)動(dòng)

動(dòng)力，可推知，運(yùn)動(dòng)手表會(huì)導(dǎo)致不良后果，故選D項(xiàng)。

26.推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章第五段“Inaddition,thereisevidencethatrunningwatchfreeisbeneficialfor

morethanjustthecasualjogger.Someprofessionalsalsohavehadsuccesswithleavingtheirwatchesat

home.WelshrunnerSteveJonesfamouslysetaworldrecordatthe1984ChicagoMarathonwithoutwearing

awatch.Morerecently,OlympicmarathonerTrevorHofbauermadeheadlinesforwinningthe2019

CanadianMarathonChampionshipswithoutawatch.

（此外，有證據(jù)表明，不戴手表跑步不僅對(duì)休閑慢跑者有益。一些專(zhuān)業(yè)人士也成功地將手表留在家中。

威爾士跑步者史蒂夫?瓊斯（SteveJones）在1984年芝加哥馬拉松賽上創(chuàng)造了著名的世界紀(jì)錄，但沒(méi)

有戴手表。最近，奧運(yùn)馬拉松運(yùn)動(dòng)員特雷弗?霍夫鮑爾（TrevorHofbauer）因在沒(méi)有手表的情況下贏得

2019年加拿大馬拉松錦標(biāo)賽而成為頭條新聞。廣可知，作者在該段中提到TrevorHofbauer是為了說(shuō)

明不佩戴運(yùn)動(dòng)手表不僅對(duì)普通人有好處，而且還幫助像TrevorHofbauer這樣的專(zhuān)業(yè)運(yùn)動(dòng)員取得了成

功,故選C項(xiàng)。

27.主旨大意題。通讀全文，第一段引出話題，通過(guò)作者自身的例子說(shuō)明跑步時(shí)不戴運(yùn)動(dòng)手表的好處；

第二至第四段通過(guò)約恩?惠蘭的研究說(shuō)明運(yùn)動(dòng)手表會(huì)帶來(lái)一些不良后果；第五段通過(guò)舉出兩名運(yùn)動(dòng)員

的例子來(lái)說(shuō)明跑步時(shí)不戴運(yùn)動(dòng)手表的優(yōu)點(diǎn)；最后一段引用運(yùn)動(dòng)員特雷弗?霍夫鮑爾的話結(jié)尾。由此可

知本文主要論述不戴運(yùn)動(dòng)手表跑步是有益的，故選A項(xiàng)。

C

Inhis1936workHowtoWinFriendsandInfluencePeople,DaleCarnegiewrote:"Ihaveetothe

conclusionthatthereisonlyonewaytogetthebestofanargument-andthatistoavoidit."Thisdistaste

forargumentsismon,butitdependsonamistakenviewofargumentsthatcausesproblemsforourpersonal

andsociallives-andinmanywaysmissesthepointofarguinginthefirstplace.

Carnegiewouldberightifargumentswerefights,whichishowweoftenthinkofthem.Likephysical

fights,verbal（言語(yǔ)的）fightscanleavebothsidesbloodied.Evenwhenyouwin,youendupnobetteroff.

Youwouldbefeelingalmostasbadifargumentswereevenjustpetitions-like,say,tennistournaments.

Pairsofopponentshittheballbackandforthuntilonewinneresoutfromallwhoentered.Everybodyelse

loses.Thiskindofthinkingexplainswhysomanypeopletrytoavoidarguments.

However,therearewaystowinanargumenteverytime.Whenyoustateyourposition,formulate（闡述）

anargumentforwhatyouclaimandhonestlyaskyourselfwhetheryourargumentisanygood.Whenyou

talkwithsomeonewhotakesastand,askthemtogiveyouareasonfortheirviewandspellouttheir

argumentfully.Assessitsstrengthandweakness.Raiseobjections（異議）andlistencarefullytotheirreplies.

Thismethodwillrequireeffort,butpracticewillmakeyoubetteratit.

Thesetoolscanhelpyouwineveryargument-notintheunhelpfulsenseofbeatingyouropponents

butinthebettersenseoflearningaboutwhatdividespeople,learningwhytheydisagreewithusand

learningtotalkandworktogetherwiththem.Ifwereadjustourviewofarguments——fromaverbalfightor

tennisgametoareasonedexchangethroughwhichweallgainrespectandunderstandingfromeachother一

thenwechangetheverynatureofwhatitmeansto"win"anargument.

28.Whatistheauthor'sattitudetowardCarnegie'sunderstandingofargument?

A.Critical.B.Supportive.C.Tolerant.D.Uncertain.

29.Whydomanypeopletrytoavoidarguments?

A.Theylackdebatingskills.B.Theymayfeelbadeveniftheywin.

C.Theyfearbeingignored.D.Theyarenotconfidentinthemselves.

30.Whatdoestheunderlinedphrase“spellout“inparagraph3probablymean?

A.Defend.B.Explain.C.Conclude.D.Repeat.

31.Whatisthekeyto"winning“anargumentaccordingtotheauthor?

A.Senseoflogic.B.Solidsupportingevidence.

C.Propermanners.D.Understandingfrombothsides.

【答案】28.A29.B30.B31.D

【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】這是一篇說(shuō)明文，作者闡述了爭(zhēng)論的意義和贏得爭(zhēng)論的方法。

28.推理判斷題。根據(jù)第一段中“Thisdistasteforargumentsismon,butitdependsonamistakenviewof

argumentsthatcausesproblemsforourpersonalandsociallives——andinmanywaysmissesthepointof

arguinginthefirstplace.（這種對(duì)爭(zhēng)論的厭惡是很普遍的，但它取決于對(duì)爭(zhēng)論的錯(cuò)誤看法，這種觀點(diǎn)會(huì)

給我們的個(gè)人和社會(huì)生活帶來(lái)問(wèn)題——而且在很多方面，它首先忽略了爭(zhēng)論的意義）”可知，作者對(duì)于

Carnegie對(duì)爭(zhēng)論的看法持批判態(tài)度，故選A。

29.細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段中“Likephysicalfights,verbal（言語(yǔ)的）fightscanleavebothsidesbloodied.

Evenwhenyouwin,youendupnobetteroff.Youwouldbefeelingalmostasbadifargumentswereeven

justpetitions一like,say,tennistoumaments.（和身體上的打斗一樣，言語(yǔ)上的打斗也會(huì)讓雙方流血。即

使你贏了，你最終也不會(huì)變得更好。如果爭(zhēng)論只是一場(chǎng)比賽，比如網(wǎng)球比賽，你也會(huì)感覺(jué)很糟糕）”可

知，很多人盡量避免爭(zhēng)論，是因?yàn)榧词冠A了他們也感覺(jué)很糟糕，故選B。

30.詞句猜測(cè)題。根據(jù)劃線短語(yǔ)所在句“askthemtogiveyouareasonfortheirview”可知，讓他們?yōu)樽?/p>

己的觀點(diǎn)提供依據(jù)，即讓他們充分闡明他們的觀點(diǎn)，spellout意為“解釋明白，講清楚”，故選B。

31.細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)最后一段中“Ifwereadjustourviewofarguments一fromaverbalfightortennis

gametoareasonedexchangethroughwhichweallgainrespectandunderstandingfromeachother-then

wechangetheverynatureofwhatitmeansto"win"anargument.（如果我們重新調(diào)整我們對(duì)爭(zhēng)論的看法

—從一場(chǎng)口水戰(zhàn)或網(wǎng)球比賽轉(zhuǎn)變?yōu)橐环N理性的交流，通過(guò)這種交流，我們都能獲得彼此的尊重和理

解—那么我們就改變了，贏得，爭(zhēng)論的本質(zhì)）”可知，作者認(rèn)為“贏得”爭(zhēng)論的關(guān)鍵是通過(guò)交流獲得彼此

的尊重和理解，故選D。

D

Forlotsofkids,toddlerhood（幼JL期）isanimportanttimeforfriendship.Studiesshowthattheearlier

kidslearntoformpositiverelationships,thebettertheyareatrelatingtoothersasteenagersandadults.

Playingtogetheralsohelpsthesekidspracticesocialbehaviors,suchaskindness,sharing,andcooperation.

Evenso,howquicklyyourchilddevelopsintoasocialcreaturemayalsodependonhis

temperament（性格）.Sometoddlersareverysocial,butothersareshy.Inaddition,thewaythattoddlers

demonstratethattheylikeotherchildrenismarkedlydifferentfromwhatadultsthinkofasexpressionsof

friendship.ResearchatOhioStateUniversityinColumbusfoundthatatoddler'swayofsaying"Ilikeyou”

duringplayislikelytoeintheformofcopyingafriend^behavior.

Thisseeminglyunusualwayofdemonstratingfondnesscanresultinunpleasantbehavior.Regardlessof

howmuchtheylikeaplaymate,theymaystillgrabhistoys,refusetoshare,andgetbossy.Butexpertssay

thatthisisanormalandnecessarypartoffriendshipforkidsthisage.Throughplayexperiences,toddlers

learnsocialrules.Thafswhyifssoimportanttotakeanactiveroleinyourtoddler'ssocialencountersby

settinglimitsandofferingfrequentremindersofwhattheyare.Whenyouestablishtheseguidelines,explain

thereasonsbehindthem.

Beginbyhelpingyourchildlearnsympathy（"Beniscrying.Whafsmakinghimsosad?"）,then

suggesthowhecouldresolvetheproblem（"Maybehewouldfeelbetterifyoulethimplaytheball."）.When

yourchildsharesorshowsempathy（同理心）towardafriend,praisehim（"Benstoppedcrying!Youmade

himfeelbetter.^^）.

Anotherwaytoencouragehealthysocialinteractionisbyencouragingkidstousewordsnotfiststo

expresshowtheyfeel.It'salsoimportanttobemindfulofhowyourchild'spersonalityaffectsplaytime.

Kidsareeasytogetangrywhenthey'resleepyorhungry,soscheduleplaytimewhenthey'rerefreshed.

32.Whatdoesitindicatewhentoddlerscopytheirplaymates5behavior?

A.Theyareinterestedinacting.B.Theyareshywiththestrangers.

C.Theyarefondoftheirplaymates.D.Theyaretiredofplayinggames.

33.Whatdoestheauthorsuggestparentsdofortheirkids?

A.Designgamesforthem.B.Findthemsuitableplaymates.

C.Playtogetherwiththem.D.Helpthemunderstandsocialrules.

34.Whatisthefunctionofthequotedstatementsinparagraph4?

A.Givingexamples.B.Explainingconcepts.

C.Providingevidence.D.Makingparisons.

35.Whichofthefollowingisthebesttitleforthetext?

A.HowChildrenAdapttoChangesB.HowtoBeaRoleModelforChildren

C.HowYourBabyLearnstoLoveD.HowtomunicatewithYourKid

【答案】32.C33.D34.A35.C

【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】本文是一篇說(shuō)明文。文章介紹了幼兒時(shí)期友誼對(duì)兒童社交能力發(fā)展的重要性，并探討了幼兒

表達(dá)友誼的方式和可能出現(xiàn)的問(wèn)題。同時(shí)，文章還提供了一些建議和方法，幫助家長(zhǎng)在幼兒社交互動(dòng)

中發(fā)揮積極作用，培養(yǎng)他們的同情心和表達(dá)能力，學(xué)會(huì)發(fā)展友誼。

32.細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段“Inaddition,thewaythattoddlersdemonstratethattheylikeotherchildrenis

markedlydifferentfromwhatadultsthinkofasexpressionsoffriendship.ResearchatOhioStateUniversity

inColumbusfoundthatatoddler'swayofsaying“Ilikeyou“duringplayislikelytoeintheformof

copyingafriend^behavior.（此外，蹣跚學(xué)步的孩子表現(xiàn)出他們喜歡其他孩子的方式與成年人認(rèn)為的友

誼表達(dá)方式明顯不同。哥倫布俄亥俄州立大學(xué)的研究發(fā)現(xiàn)，一個(gè)蹣跚學(xué)步的孩子在玩耍時(shí)說(shuō)“我喜歡

你”的方式很可能是模仿朋友的行為）”可知，蹣跚學(xué)步的孩子模仿朋友的行為說(shuō)明他們喜歡玩伴，故

選C項(xiàng)。

33.細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段“Throughplayexperiences,toddlerslearnsocialrules.That'swhyifsso

importanttotakeanactiveroleinyourtoddler5ssocialencountersbysettinglimitsandofferingfrequent

remindersofwhattheyare.Whenyouestablishtheseguidelines,explainthereasonsbehindthem（通過(guò)游戲

體驗(yàn)，幼兒學(xué)習(xí)社交規(guī)則。這就是在你蹣跚學(xué)步的孩子的社交活動(dòng)中，通過(guò)設(shè)定限制和經(jīng)常提醒它們

是什么，來(lái)發(fā)揮積極作用是如此重要的原因，當(dāng)您制定這些指導(dǎo)方針時(shí)，請(qǐng)解釋其背后的原因）''可知，

作者建議家長(zhǎng)在孩子的社交生活中設(shè)定限制，并且經(jīng)常提醒孩子們這些限制，也就是社交規(guī)則，幫助

孩子理解社交規(guī)則，故選D項(xiàng)。

34.推理判斷題。根據(jù)第四段“Beginbyhelpingyourchildlearnsympathy（"Beniscrying.Whafs

makinghimsosad?”）（首先幫助孩子學(xué)會(huì)同情（（本在哭。是什么讓他這么傷心?”）戶(hù)以及“thensuggest

howhecouldresolvetheproblem（"MaybehewouldfeelbetterifyoulethimplaythebalL"X然后建議他

如何解決這個(gè)問(wèn)題（“如果你讓他打球，也許他會(huì)感覺(jué)好些。"））”可知，這些引用是通過(guò)舉例說(shuō)明這兩

個(gè)建議：幫助孩子學(xué)會(huì)同情并解決問(wèn)題，故選A項(xiàng)。

35.主旨大意題。根據(jù)第一段“Forlotsofkids,toddlerhood（幼兒期）isanimportanttimeforfriendship.

Studiesshowthattheearlierkidslearntoformpositiverelationships,thebettertheyareatrelatingtoothers

asteenagersandadults.Playingtogetheralsohelpsthesekidspracticesocialbehaviors,suchaskindness,

sharing,andcooperation（對(duì)很多孩子來(lái)說(shuō)，蹣跚學(xué)步是建立友誼的重要時(shí)刻。研究表明，孩子們?cè)皆?/p>

學(xué)會(huì)建立積極的關(guān)系，他們?cè)谇嗌倌旰统赡耆藭r(shí)期就越善于與他人建立聯(lián)系。一起玩耍也有助于這些

孩子練習(xí)社交行為，如友善、分享和合作）"、第三段"Throughplayexperiences,toddlerslearnsocialrules.

Thafswhyifssoimportanttotakeanactiveroleinyourtoddler'ssocialencountersbysettinglimitsand

offeringfrequentremindersofwhattheyare（通過(guò)游戲體驗(yàn)，幼兒學(xué)習(xí)社會(huì)規(guī)則。這就是在你蹣跚學(xué)步的

孩子的社交活動(dòng)中，通過(guò)設(shè)定限制和經(jīng)常提醒它們是什么，來(lái)發(fā)揮積極作用是如此重要的原因）”以及

最后一段"Anotherwaytoencouragehealthysocialinteractionisbyencouragingkidstousewordsnot

fi