福建省部分地市2024屆高中畢業(yè)班4月診斷性質(zhì)量檢測(cè)

英語試題2024.4

本試卷共12頁，考試時(shí)間120分鐘，總分150分。

注意事項(xiàng)：

1.答卷前，考生務(wù)必將自己的姓名、準(zhǔn)考證號(hào)填寫在答題卡上。

2.回答選擇題時(shí)，選出每小題答案后，用鉛筆把答題卡上對(duì)應(yīng)題目的答案標(biāo)號(hào)涂黑。如

需改動(dòng)，用橡皮擦干凈后，再選涂其他答案標(biāo)號(hào)?；卮鸱沁x擇題時(shí)，將答案寫在答題卡上。

寫在本試卷上無效。

3.考試結(jié)束后，將本試卷和答題卡一并交回。

第一部分聽力（共兩節(jié)，滿分30分）

做題時(shí)，先將答案標(biāo)在試卷上。錄音內(nèi)容結(jié)束后，你將有兩分鐘的時(shí)間將試卷上的答案

轉(zhuǎn)涂到答題卡上。

第一節(jié)（共5小題；每小題1.5分，滿分7.5分）

聽下面5段對(duì)話。每段對(duì)話后有一個(gè)小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最

佳選項(xiàng)。聽完每段對(duì)話后，你都有10秒鐘的時(shí)間來回答有關(guān)小題和閱讀下一小題。每段對(duì)

話僅讀一遍。

例：Howmuchistheshirt?

A.￡19.15.B.￡9.18.C.￡9.15.

答案是C。

1.Whatdoweknowabouttheman?

A.Heishomesick.B.Hewillgohomebyplane.C.Heisexpectingtheholidays.

2.Whendidthewomanbegintosneeze?

A.OnMondaymorning.B.OnMondayafternoon.C.OnMondaynight.

3.Wheredoestheconversationprobablytakeplace?

A.Atavegetableshop.B.Attheman'shouse.C.Atarestaurant.

4.Whatarethespeakersmainlytalkingabout?

A.Aperformance.B.Aninvestment.C.Afilm.

5.Whatproblemdoesthemanencounter?

A.Atimeconflict.B.Atroublesomeaccountant.C.Anundecidedmarketingplan.

第二節(jié)（共15小題；每小題1.5分，滿分22.5分）

聽下面5段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白。每段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白后有幾個(gè)小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個(gè)

選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)。聽每段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白前，你將有時(shí)間閱讀各個(gè)小題，每小題5秒鐘；聽

完后，各小題將給出5秒鐘的作答時(shí)間。每段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白讀兩遍。

聽第6段材料，回答第6、7題。

6.Whatdidthewomanaskthemantodo?

A.Returnhomeontime.B.Invitehisfriendsover.C.Cleanupthehouse.

7.Whatistheprobablerelationshipbetweenthespeakers?

A.Momandson.B.Husbandandwife.C.Brotherandsister.

聽第7段材料，回答第8、9題。

8.Whatisthemanlookingfor?

A.Asuit.B.Ashirt.C.Atie.

9.Whatdoesthemanthinkofthesecondpieceofclothing?

A.Itistight.B.Itisinformal.C.Itispricey.

聽第8段材料，回答第10至12題。

10.Whydidthemanstopwatchingtheprogramlastnight?

A.Itwasairedtoolate.B.Itlastedtoolong.C.Itwasfullofads.

11.Whataretheradiocommercialsdoing?

A.Issuingcashcards.B.Buyingproducts.C.Runningaseriesofads.

12.Whatdothespeakersthinkofrecentadvertisingtrend?

A.Striking.B.Disturbing.C.Astonishing.

聽第9段材料，回答第13至16題。

13.Whattourdoesthemandecidetotaketoday?

A.Athree-hourtour.B.Ahalf-daytour.C.Aone-daytour.

14.Whattimeisitnow?

A.10:00a.m.B.10:30a.m.C.11:00a.m.

15.Whichplacewillthemanvisittomorrow?

A.BuckinghamPalace.B.WestminsterAbbey.C.WindsorCastle.

16.Howmuchdoesthemanpayintotal?

A.￡15.B.￡90.C.￡105.

聽第10段材料，回答第17至20題。

17.Howmanypartsdoesthespeaker'sdivingtrainingconsistof?

A.Two.B.Three.C.Four.

18.Whatdidthespeaker'smotherdowellin?

A.Academicstuff.B.Practicalskills.C.Classroomwork.

19.Whathappenedtothespeakerduringthediving?

A.Shegotherearsblockedup.

B.Sheenjoyedthefreezingwater.

C.Shewentunderthewatersmoothly.

20.Howdidthespeakerfeelaboutfinishingthedivingtraining?

A.Proud.B.Lucky.C.Confident.

第二部分閱讀（共兩節(jié)，滿分50分）

第一節(jié)（共15小題；每小題2.5分，滿分37.5分）

閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)。

A

LosAngelesishometoapopularcyclingculture.Thefollowingbikeshopswillhelpyousee

thecityinawholenewlight.

LosAngelesBikeAcademy

LosAngelesBikeAcademyisabikeshopwithacriticalmission:Provideresourcesandcom-

munityforlocalunderservedyouth.ItsinitiativeisitsEarn-a-Bikeprogram,wherestudentsspend

timeintheshoplearningthebasicsofbikemaintenanceandrunningastore,andtheygraduatewith

theirownbike.LABAalsoformscompetitivecyclingteamsthatraceallaroundthecountry.

TheCubHouse

It'sabikeshop,aplantstoreandaniceplacetowanderthrough.Ithassomethingforeveryone.

Hereyoucanplayagameofping-pongontheoutdoortable,headintotheminigreenhousefora

delicateplant,orjustadmirethevintage（老式的）cyclingclotheshungonthewalls.Finally,make

suretoswingbytheCubHousefortheL.A.Invitational,aweekendpartyfeaturingmultiplebike

ridesandavintagecarandbikeshowoutsidethestore.

Frank's

SomeofthewildestbikesinL.A.arerollingoutofFrank's.ThehousespecialtyhereisBMX,

specificallyluxurymodelswithlarge29-inchwheels.Thesebikesareasmuchfuntolookatasthey

aretoride.Since1992,Frank'shasfoundabusinessopportunityforitselfasadestinationforBMX

buildsandhard-to-findparts.Thedisplaycounterhasenoughattractionstomatchajewelrystore.

TheBicycleStand

Thisspaciousstorefeaturesclassicvintagebikes.It'sworthmakingatriptothisstorejusttosee

theiramazingcollection.Thestorealsospecializesinvintagebikerepaintingandrestorations.Be-

sides,theBicycleStandteamworksonallkindsofrides,andtheshophasavarietyofrefurbished

（翻新的），ready-to-ridebikesforsale.

21.WhatisspecialaboutLosAngelesBikeAcademy?

A.Itaimsatrepairinglocalbikes.

B.Itholdsnationalcyclingcompetitions.

C.Itservesasacommunityfordisabledyouth.

D.Itoffersaprogramforstudentstoearnabike.

22.Whichbikeshopfavorsping-ponglovers?

A.LosAngelesBikeAcademy.B.TheCubHouse.

C.Frank's.D.TheBicycleStand.

23.Whatisthepurposeofthetext?

A.Todiscussbenefitsofriding.B.Toexplainhowbikeshopswork.

C.TopromotebikeshopsinL.A.D.Tointroducearidingorganization.

B

KelliBoehlesayshersonNikwasanamazingandcaringperson.Nikwasdiagnosed（診斷）

withcancerin2008whenhewas17.Hepassedawayin2012.ButNik*skindnessandgenerosity

havelivedonlongafterhisdeath.

Afterhewasdiagnosedandstartedtreatment,Nikwasgranted（給予）awishexperience

fromtheMake-A-WishFoundation.nForjustthisperiodoftime,wedidn'tthinkaboutcancer,"Kelli

Boehlesaid."Allwethoughtaboutwasenjoyingourtimetogether."In2009,Nikmetanotheryoung

manNate,whowasalsogoingthroughcancertreatment.He'dbeendiagnosedamonthafterturning

18,andNiklearnedhewastoooldtoqualifyforawish.ThenightbeforeNikpassedaway,heasked

hismothertohelpensurethatyoungadultsfightingcancercouldhavetheirwishescometruetoo.

"Itwaslikeaseedheplantedthatjustwouldn'tstopcomingintomymind,*'shesaid.In2012,

KelliBoehlestartedNik'sWish.Thenonprofitgrantswishestoyoungadultsbetweentheagesof18

and24whoarebattlingcancer.Natewastheorganization'sfirstwishrecipient."Itsmeanttobring

themjoyandknowthatthey'relovedandthatwe'refightingforthem,too,"KelliBoehlesaid.

Recently,19-year-oldJordanMorrowreceivedherwishtoattendaTaylorSwiftconcertaspart

ofatriptoLosAngeles.ForMorrow,whohasspentthelastyearbattlingbraincancer,goingtothe

concerthasdonemorethanliftherspirits."Ithinkit'ssomethingtogetmethroughwhatevercomes

myway,"shesaid."AndI'mthankfulforNik'sWishfbrthat.H

Inthe11yearssinceNikpassedaway,theorganizationhasgrantedmorethan300wishesacross

morethan30states.Inthebeginning,KelliBoehlesaysshewasn'tsureshecouldbeawishmaker

andworkcloselywiththeyoungadults.Butnow,it'sherfavoritethingtodo.

24.WhatisthegoalofNik'sWish?

A.Tomakecommercialprofits.B.Tocuretheyouthoftheircancer.

C.Toeaseyoungpatientsofpains.D.Tosupportyoungadultsfightingcancer.

25.WhichwordbestdescribesKelliBoehle?

A.Intelligent.B.Selfless.C.Straightforward.D.Ambitious.

26.WhatcanwelearnfromJordanMorrow'swords?

A.Shesurvivedthedeadlydisease.B.Shewasgrantedmorethanonewish.

C.Shewasmotivatedbytheorganization.D.Sheliftedpeople'sspiritsbyperforming.

27.Whatisthebesttitleforthetext?

A.Pay-It-Forward:AMother'sLastWish

B.CancerBattles:StoriesofHopeandPerseverance

C.Nik'sWish:FulfillingWishesforYoungCancerFighters

D.Make-A-WishFoundation:GrantingDreamstoYoungAdults

C

Urbanagriculture,thepracticeoffarmingwithintherestrictionsofacity,isbecomingincreas-

inglypopularandisviewedasasustainablealternativetobigindustrialfarms.Bysomeestimates,

between20%and30%oftheglobalurbanpopulationengagesinsomeformofurbanagriculture.

Butuntilrecently,itscarbonfootprintremainsunderstudied.

Usingdatafrom73low-techcityfarms,communitygardensandpersonalplotsofland,Newell

andhisteamcomparedtheaveragecarbonemissionsoffoodproducedatlow-techurbanagriculture

sitestothoseofconventionallygrowncrops.Theteamfoundthatbecauseofurbangardens*relatively

lowyields,alongwiththeenergyusedinconstructingtheplantingbeds,big-cityspuds（馬鈴薯）

weresignificantlymorecarbon-intensivethancommerciallygrownones.Thisheldtrueevenwhen

theresearchersfactoredinemissionsfromtransportingcommerciallygrownproducetooftendistant

grocerystores.

Thatdoesn'tmeanthatgrowingvegetablesinbigcitiesistotallybad,however."Urbanfarming

isgreat,"ifimperfect,saysCarolaGrebitus,afoodchoiceexpert.Itcanbeapowerfultoolforjob

creationandeducation,shesays,andagoodwaytointroducefreshproducetourban"fooddeserts"

wherehealthyfruitsandvegetablesarehardtocomeby.Communitygardenscanalsoprovideaplace

toconnectwithnature,andtheaddedgreenspacecanreducetherisksofheatandflooding.

Consciousofthesebenefits,NewelFsteamhighlightedseveralwaystomakeurbanagriculture

moresustainable.Oneoptionistobeselectiveaboutwhatcropsaregrown.Forinstance,tomatoes

growninthesoilofopen-airurbanplotshadalowercarbonintensitythantomatoesgrownincon-

ventionalgreenhouses.Anotherstrategyistorelyonexistingconstructions.Includeoldstructures

intoanewgarden'sdesigninsteadoftakingdownoldbuildings.Finally,takethelocalclimate,water

qualityandsoilintoaccount.Growingplantsthatareill-suitedtoanarearequiresmorewater,energy

andpesticides（殺蟲齊,allofwhichaffecttheenvironment.

28.Whatcanweknowabouturbanagriculturefromparagraph1?

A.Itisthoroughlyresearched.B.Itiswelcomedbycitypeople.

C.Itisenvironmentallyfriendly.D.Itislimitedtoindustrialfarms.

29.Howdoestheauthorexplainthereasonforurbanagriculture'shighercarbonintensity?

A.Bymakingacomparison.B.Bytellingastory.

C.Bygivingadefinition.D.Byusingaquote.

30.AccordingtoCarola,whatisabenefitofurbanagriculture?

A.Itaddsvarietytourbanpeople'sdiet.B.Itprovidesrecreationalopportunities.

C.Itstrengthensthebondsofcommunity.D.Ithelpstocontaindroughtandflooding.

31.Whatisrecommendedtomakeurbanagriculturemoresustainable?

A.Reconstructinggardens.B.Developinggreenhousecrops.

C.Selectingpesticide-freevegetables.D.Growingplantssuitedtolocalconditions.

D

Ourspecies*incrediblecapacitytoquicklyacquirewordsfrom300byage2toover1,000by

age4isn'tfullyunderstood.Somecognitivescientistsandlinguistshavetheorizedthatpeopleare

bornwithbuilt-inexpectationsandlogicalconstraints（約束）thatmakethispossible.Now,how-

ever,machine-learningresearchisshowingthatpreprogrammedassumptionsaren'tnecessaryto

swiftlypickupwordmeaningsfromminimaldata.

Ateamofscientistshassuccessfullytrainedabasicartificialintelligencemodeltomatchimages

towordsusingjust61hoursofnaturalisticfootage（鏡頭）andsound-previouslycollectedfroma

childnamedSamin2013and2014.Althoughit'sasmallsliceofachild'slife,itwasapparently

enoughtoprompttheAItofigureoutwhatcertainwordsmean.

Thefindingssuggestthatlanguageacquisitioncouldbesimplerthanpreviouslythought.Maybe

children"don'tneedacustom-built,high-classlanguage-specificmechanism"toefficientlygrasp

wordmeanings,saysJessicaSullivan,anassociateprofessorofpsychologyatSkidmoreCollege.

"Thisisareallybeautifulstudy,"shesays,becauseitoffersevidencethatsimpleinformationfrom

achild'sworldviewisrichenoughtokick-startpatternrecognitionandwordcomprehension.

Thenewstudyalsodemonstratesthatit'spossibleformachinestolearnsimilarlytothewaythat

humansdo.Largelanguagemodelsaretrainedonenormousamountsofdatathatcanincludebillions

andsometimestrillionsofwordcombinations.Humansgetbyonordersofmagnitudelessinfor-

mation,saysthepaper'sleadauthorWaiKeenVong.Withtherighttypeofdata,thatgapbetween

machineandhumanlearningcouldnarrowdramatically.

Yetadditionalstudyisnecessaryincertainaspectsofthenewresearch.Forone,thescientists

acknowledgethattheirfindingsdon'tprovehowchildrenacquirewords.Moreover,thestudyonly

focusedonrecognizingthewordsforphysicalobjects.

Still,it'sasteptowardadeeperunderstandingofourownmind,whichcanultimatelyhelpus

improvehumaneducation,saysEvaPortelance,acomputationallinguisticsresearcher.Shenotesthat

AIresearchcanalsobringclaritytolong-unansweredquestionsaboutourselves."Wecanusethese

modelsinagoodway,tobenefitscienceandsociety,"Portelanceadds.

32.Whatisasignificantfindingofmachine-learningresearch?

A.Vocabularyincreasesgraduallywithage.

B.Vocabularycanbeacquiredfromminimaldata.

C.Languageacquisitionistiedtobuilt-inexpectations.

D.Languageacquisitionisascomplexasformerlyassumed.

33.Whatdoestheunderlinedword"prompt"inparagraph2mean?

A.Facilitate.B.Persuade.C.Advise.D.Expect.

34.Whatisdiscussedaboutthenewresearchinparagraph5?

A.Itslimitations.B.Itsstrengths.C.Itsuniqueness.D.Itsprocess.

35.WhatisEvaPortelance^attitudetotheAIresearch?

A.Doubtful.B.Cautious.C.Dismissive.D.Positive.

第二節(jié)（共5小題；每小題2.5分，滿分12.5分）

閱讀下面短文，從短文后的選項(xiàng)中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。選項(xiàng)中有兩項(xiàng)為多

余選項(xiàng)。

Aroundtheglobe,about1in4adultssaysthey'relonely.Andtheconsequencesoflong-term

socialdisconnectioncanbeeverythingfromanincreasedriskofheartattackstodementia（癡

呆）.Thefollowingoffersaroadmaptomakeconnections.

Becurious.Itseasiertoconnectwithpeopleifyouhavesharedinterestsorexperiences,sostart

payingattentiontowhat'sinyourmind.Whatmotivatesyou?Whatexcitesyou?36Ifyouknow

what'smeaningfulorfunforyou,itmayleadyoutoanactivitythatconnectsyoutoothers.

Makesomething.Whenexpertsadvisemakingsomething,peoplewillsay,"Well,I'mnotPi-

casso.Idon'tknowhowtodoafancypainting."Ofcourse,you'renot!37Youcantryyour

grandma'spierecipeorplantanherbgardenthatputsyourthoughtsandfeelingsaboutwhoyouare

andexpressthosethoughtsandfeelingstoothers.

38Sharesomethingaboutyourself.Itdoesn'thavetobethedarkestsecretofyourlife,but

justsomethingotherpeoplemightfindinteresting.Puttingyourselfoutthererequiresabitofarisk,

andit'sthefirststeptorealconnection.

Findagroupthatmatchesyourinterests.Whetherit'svolunteeringforacauseorplayingfrisbee

（飛盤），trytofindotherswhoshareyourinterests.There'sevenanonlinegroupthathasaquirky

sharedinterest:afascinationwithbrownbearsinAlaska,whichledtoFatBearWeek.Ininteractions

withothers,youcanbegintorevealyourselfandsharetheuniquethingsthatmattertoyou.39

Otherpeople'slonelinessmatterstoo.40Iflonelinessgounaddressed,peoplecanendupin

aworldofhurt.Ifyouseesomeoneexperiencingloneliness,askthemhowthey'redoing.Shareyour

ownexperienceoflonelinessandhowyougetridofit.Thus,helpingotherscanalsobenefityourself.

A.Pouroutyourhardfeelings.

B.Lonelinesscanbeinfectious.

C.Takeariskbyhavingconversations.

D.Youshouldtoleratetheriskofbeinglonely.

E.Buttheopportunitiesforcreativeexpressionareendless.

F.Knowingyourselfcanbeafirststeptobondingwithothers.

G.Then,otherpeoplerecognizethatandsharetheirstoryinreturn.

第三部分語言運(yùn)用（共兩節(jié)，滿分30分）

第一節(jié)（共15小題：每小題1分，滿分15分）

閱讀下面短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)。

Asawriter,Imissrejectionslips.NotthatIenjoyedreceivingthosepre-printedslipsofpaper,

butatleastwhenIgotone,Iwasprettysurethataflesh-and-blood41hadputitintheenvelope.

AndtherewasalwaysthechanceImightseeahandwrittensentenceonthebottom,42thepiece

almostmadeit.WhenaneditoratMcCalFswrote,"PmafraidIhavetosaynoonthis43piece,

buttrymeagainonanother,wouldyou?"itwasalmostas44tomeasifshehadsaid,"Well45

itandhereisanadvanceforyou".

Nowadays,rejectionslipsseemtohavedisappearedwiththeuseofonlinesubmissions.Most

editorsdon'tfeelitamustto46theyhavereceived,read,orconsideredyourworkbecausethey

receivesomany47eachday.

Forme,therearethree48ofrejectionslippain.Thefirstis49broughtonbyfindinga

flat"no"ona50pieceofpaper,thenfollowedbyanger(howcouldthey51apiecethatis

obviouslysomuch52thanmostofthestufftheyprint),and,finally,rebirth:Iwillliveto53

anewpieceanotherday.

Learningto54rejectionseemslikepartofgrowingupasawriter.Despitethemanyletters

ofacceptanceIhavereceived,myfolderof"NoteworthyRejectionSlips"isfar55thanthatof

"NoteworthyAcceptances",whichindicatestomethefact:Istillhavesomegrowinguptodo.

41.A.writerB.readerC.mailmanD.editor

42.A.demandingB.indicatingC.suspectingD.arguing

43.A.boringB.novelC.lengthyD.particular

44.A.thrillingB.upsettingC.embarrassingD.amusing

45.A.buyB.rejectC.checkD.substitute

46.A.proveB.determineC.explainD.acknowledge

47.A.proposalsB.draftsC.contributionsD.instructions

48.A.meaningsB.stagesC.wondersD.rewards

49.A.reliefB.frustrationC.angerD.hesitation

50.A.valuelessB.expensiveC.characterlessD.shiny

51.A.makeupB.putawayC.turndownD.insiston

52.A.easierB.betterC.shorterD.longer

53.A.printB.reviseC.downloadD.submit

54.A.acceptB.criticizeC.judgeD.evaluate

55.A.thinnerB.fatterC.olderD.newer

第二節(jié)(共10小題：每小題1.5分，滿分15分)

閱讀下面短文，在空白處填入1個(gè)適當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~或括號(hào)內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。

Stampcollectinghasrecentlyemergedasafreshandinnovativeapproachforyoungpeopleto

documenttheirtravels.Insteadof56(mere)takingphotoswithfamouslandmarks,57(en-

thusiast)ofthisnewtrendeagerlyexploreeverycornerofvariousattractions,museums,andshops

duringtheirjourneysinsearch58variousstamps.Theyimprintthestamps,usuallywithsingle

ormulticoloredpicturesofthescenicspotsorimagesoffamouspeopleonpostcardsorintravel

journals,thus59(create)auniquememoryoftheirtravels.Freeorpaid,eachstampservesas

arepresentationofthevisitor's60(present)atthatspecificlocation,becominga61(cherish)

partoftheirmemories.

ShiJunchu,29,fromYunnanprovince,cameacrossstampcollectingthreeyearsagowhiletrav-

elinginWuhan,Hubeiprovince.Shefoundittobeabetterwayofcommemoratinghertravels62

purchasingsouvenirs(紀(jì)念品)，soshecarriesaspeciallypreparednotebookforcollecting

stampswhenevershetravels.

"Stampcollectinghasaddedmoremeaningtomytravels.Turningthepagesofthosenotebooks

63(feel)somewhatlikelookingatphotos.Icanrecall64happenedbackthenjustbyturning

toapagethedeliciousfoodIhad,andthefunexperiencesIenjoyed,shesaid.

ShecurrentlyoperatesaprivatemuseuminKunming.SincelastOctober,shehasalsointroduced

stamp-collectingservices65(encourage)morevisitorstoexplorethemuseum.

第四部分寫作(共兩節(jié)，滿分40分)

第