UNIT1VocabularyI.1.allot2.gothroughfire

andwater3.reside4.sobbed5.madeno

mentionof6.

sacrifice7.cameupon8.rhythm9.volume10.

somethingofa

II.1.Istayedonasanassistantprofessor.

2.IholdittomyearbecauseIwanttoheartime

tickaway.3.Thesalaryisnotwonderful,butthe

dutiesarelight.4.Themoralofthelessonisnot

totalktostrangers.5.Yes,butitcannotholda

candletoHuangshan.Ill.1.Thenastysmell

fromthekitchenmadeherstomachchurn.

2.Whenshesankintodrunkenness,shewas

abletoforgethersorrow.3.Inthe1500meters,

MartinandParkercamefirstandthird

respectively.

4.ThetwohillsShunnerFellfromthenorthand

LovelySeatfromthesouthflank

thefamousButterTubsPass.

5.Levi,ingratitudetoJoshua,gaveapartyfor

him.

Iv.1.ambition——ambition——regardlessof2.

discourse—bywayof3.is

engraved—inwardV.1.havecomeupon/across2.

hadcomeout3.come

on/up4.cameacross5.comesdownto6.

camearound/to7.comesto

8.camethrough9.cameupwithlO.comesup

Usage

1.theWilsons2.MarkTwain3.Annie

Johnsons4.anotherWinstonChurchill

5.aMrs.Burton6.aBudweiser?.AMonet8.an

oldFord

ComprehensiveExercises

I.Clozel.Text-related1.gothroughfireand

water2.salary3.give—no

peace4.sinkinto5.ambition6.Bywayof7.

expressive8.churned9.

engraved10.notholdacandletoll.inward

2.Theme-related

1.Success2.Iiteracy3.significantly4.

promoting5.appropriate6.too

7.Iater8.repetition9.inventedlO.less

Translation

II.Althoughmygrandmotherwasilliterate,

shehadagoodstockofmythsandlegends.

WhenIwasyoungIgavehernopeace,

constantlyaskinghertotellme

stories.Aftershehadfinishedherhousework,

shewouldliftmeontoherlapandtellstories,all

thewhilerockingmeinrhythm.Havingnoticed

myinterestinstories,my

parentslostnotimeininitiatingmeintoreading.

Theyboughtmanystorybookswith

illustrations,andwheneverfree,theywouldread

thesestoriestomeoverandover

again.ByandbyIhadavocabularylargeenough

toreadonmyown.

UNIT2VocabularyI.1.2)destructivel)

appetite4)processed3)agency6)utter5)

saturated

8)referringto7)hoisted10)Unfortunately9)

retrieve

2.PeterwaschasingthedogandTomwasriding

thewoodenhorseinthegarden.1)

Theyalllookedonexceptoneyoungman.He

tookhertothehospitalinstantly.2)Ilaid

chargesagainstthecompanyandwonthecase.

3)Ifwewanttostaycompetitive,firstofallwe

needtomodernizeourfactory.4)Theygot

irrigationwaterfromthedammedrivers.

5)

3.1)Exceptintheoasesthedesertisalmost

devoidofvegetation,althoughsome

stunted,thornyshrubsgrowinthewestern

Sahara.2)Thefruitsgrowingwildinthecoastal

forestareedible.

3)Thenationalsecurityagencymade

recommendationsforimprovingsafety

standardsinairplanes/toimprovesafety

standardsinairplanes.

4)TheBeatlesenjoyedsuccessonascale

unparalleledbyanypreviouspopgroup.5)The

emergenceoflanguagewasadefiningfactorin

theevolutionofmodern

humans.

4.1)Excludingotherfactorssuchasqualityand

price,productswhichareattractively

packagedareboundtoattractmoreconsumers,

particularlychildrenandyoung

people.Packaginghasbecomeanimportantway

toboost/ofboostingthe

salesofproducts.

2)Intheeyesofsomebusinessmen,

consumers'healthcomessecondtoprofits.

Theysellchickeninfectedwithsalmonellaand

crabswithtracesofantibiotics.3)Itcanbehard

togovegetarian.Theimportantthingistomake

changesyou

feelcomfortablewith,atyourownpace.While

stoppingconsumingany

productsforwhichanimalsarebredand

slaughteredmaybeideal,evena

slightreductioninmeatconsumptionisastepin

therightdirection.5.2)gotto1)getover3)

getthrough4)getover6)getaway5)getby

7)gotin8)getout?10)getawaywith9)getalong

II.Collocation

Iaskedherwhyshedidn'tmakeuseofhertalent

andsingapopsongonthe

1.graduationday.

UncleTom,thelong-sufferingslaveinHarriet

BeecherStowe'sUncleTom's

2.Cabin,diedamiserabledeath.

Westillhavetolearnhowtoliveaharmonious

life,notonlywithother

3.

peoplebutalsowiththeenvironment.

Breathingadeepbreath,heranuptotakethe

penaltykick.

4.IdreamedabaddreamlastnightinwhichI

wasrunningthroughtheforest,

5.andbeingchasedbyabear.

MyfriendsmiledabittersmilewhenIaskedher

whethershe'dfoundallthe

6.moneyshe'dlost.

Blackpeoplehaveahardfighttofightbefore

theywinrealequality.

7.Peoplewithmooddisordersoftensleepa

troubledsleep.Theytossandturn,

8.

restlesslyoccupiedwithnegativethoughts.

ComprehensiveExercisesI.Cloze1.

Text-related(2)stubborn(1)exclude(4)bow

to(3)devoidof

(6)drawbacks(5)potent(7)contaminating(8)

heightened(10)comesecondto(9)infected

2.Theme-related(1)consumption(2)between

(4)evident(3)packed(6)encouraging(5)

population(7)grave(8)against

(10)itself(9)criticize

II.TranslationStudyafterstudyhasuncoveredthe

factthatthereisaclosecorrelationbetweenfood

andanumberofchronicdiseases.Forexample,a

decreasedriskofcertainchronicdiseasesis

associatedwithanincreasedconsumptionof

plant-basedfoods.Therefore,inthepastdecade,

theAmericanDieteticAssociationhasurged

Americanstoreducetheirintakeofanimalfats,

andtoboostconsumptionoffruits,vegetables,and

grains.Meanwhile,theUnitedStatesDepartment

ofAgriculturehasreleasedadocument

containingthefoodguidepyramid,which

encouragesaminimumofthreevegetableand

'tmtwofruitservingsperday.However,many

Americansstilldon

listentotheserecommendations.

UNIT3

Vocabulary

.1.1

2)eloquentl)invitation

4)contradictory3)concede

6)guilty5)conceals

8)getcaughtin7)generalize

10)asalastresort9)fornow

2.

Non-smokingarea.John'1)sveryintolerant

ofpeoplewhosmoke.Sheisaninteresting

character,andabitofamysterytome.2)

Becauseitdoesnotrevealtheirmaritalstatus.

3)Weareplanningontrekkingthroughthe

MalaysianRainforest.4)Hemuttered

somethingunderhisbreaththatIcouldn,5)t

understand.Theymayneedtowearprotective

rubberglovesandclothing.

6)Thechairpersonsaidsometimes

unemploymenttemptedtheyouthinto

7)criminalactivities.

8)Thoughsheneveradmittedit,thelookonher

facewhenImentionedJames,

namegaveheraway.

3.1)Throughouthistory,peoplehavebeen

intriguedbythequestionofwhether

thereisintelligentlifeelsewhereintheuniverse.

2)Thehillfarmers'lothasneverbeeneasyand

inrecentyearshasbeenassailedby

aseriesofmajorcrises.

3)Aswithmostpeopleinhisfamily,Greyisa

greattalkerwhenhe'sinthemoodto

talk.

4)Fewpeoplefinditnecessarytocondemn

whiteliesonthegroundsthatthey

arenotreallies.

5)Alltheevidenceofyourqualificationsand

skillsthatbacksuptheclaimsyou

makeinyourresumeshouldbeincluded.

4.1)Ingeneral,everythingthatirritatesusabout

otherscanleadustoan

understandingofourselves.Todisregardwhat

theworldthinksofusisnotonly

arrogantbutalsoutterlyshameless.

2)Eddiewasadamantthathissonshouldnever

indulgeinvainwishes;hebelieved

thatitwasabsurdforhissontopursuearomantic

bututterlyimpracticalcareer

inthefuture.

3)Thoseconsideringanadventuroussafariin

CentralAfricashouldbeawarethat

thereisanextremelysmall,butnonetheless

present,riskofencountering

banditsontheroad.Thustheyshoulddecidefor

themselveswhethersuch

potentialriskswillbepersonallyacceptableto

themandtheircompanions.5.1)goaround/

round2)Gofor4)goon3)wentoff6)go

about5)isgoingon8)gothrough?)goalong

10)goover9)goby

II.Usage

1.Themanagerwaschattingwiththechairman

oftheboardaboutsomethingthat

concernedthefutureoftheircooperationandI

couldtellthathewasbeing

carefulwithhiswords.

2.Tomdidn'treallylikethefood,buthewas

beingpoliteandatequiteabit.3.Hekept

tappingonhisteacupwithhisspoonbecausehe

wasgetting

impatientwaitingforthewaitertocomearound.

4.ByhandinginpapersofftheInternet,students

arebeingstupidbecausethey

runtheriskofbeingcaughtandexpelledfrom

school.

5.Hewasbeingacowardbynotbeingtruthful

tohimselfandothers.

6.Someofthenurseswereveryrudeandtold

Edgarhewasbeinganuisance

whenhecomplained.

7.Don'ttalknonsense.I'mbeingserious.

ComprehensiveExercisesI.Cloze1.

Text-related(2)honesty(1)goalong(4)

indulgein(3)straightforward(6)dodge(5)What

about(8)absurd(7)assert(10)juggle(9)resort

2.Theme-related(1)asserting(2)goalong(4)

part(3)because(5)Mistakes(6)exceptions(8)

resort(7)end(9)dying(10)freedom

II.TranslationThenewpresidentofour

universitydisapprovesoftheideathatweshould

be

allowedtotellliesundercertaincircumstances.

Hebelievesthatifpeoplegetusedto

tellinganykindoflie,theywillindulgethemselves

andeventuallybestuckwiththe

badhabit.Totellornottotellaliecansometimes

becomeaverystickyissue,butour

presidentinsistsonthenotionthatnobodyinthe

worldofeducationshoulddodgethe

responsibilityofattachingprimaryimportanceto

honestywhileteachingtheyoung.I

agreewithhim.Whataboutyou?

UNIT4

Vocabulary.1.1(2)concluded(l)formyself

(4)internal(3)infinite(6)mode(5)misery(8)

visible(7)ventured(10)commended(9)

observation

2.Ilayinbedfeelingthoroughlywretched.

1)Itisfragrantwiththesmellofappleblossom.

2)Theyarefinespecimensoftheveteran

revolutionaries.

3)I'4)dliketoenrollinthemodernartcourse

ifitisnottoolate.Thetasteisslightlybitter,and

ithasastrangeodor.

5)

3.

1)Theschemedoesnothingtohelpfamilieson

lowincomesandissureto

provoke/callforth/draw/arousecriticism.

2)JennyisterriblyuncertainastowhetherBob

istherightboyforher.

3)ThesegoodsbearnoresemblancetothoseI

sawprintedintheadvertisements.4)InChina,

whereblackhairandblackeyesarethenorm,

herblondhairand

blueeyesareratherconspicuous.

5)Wedidnothavetimeforarehearsalbefore

theperformancebecauseofthe

delayofourflight.

4.

1)Thenewparliamentmember,anenergetic

politicianandardentadvocateofthe

welfaresystem,said:Theinvestigationhas

revealedthattherearestillpeople

wholeadawretchedexistenceinoursociety.To

leavethemtotheirown

devicesistodenythemthebasichumanright,

therighttoadecentlife.

Onedaymyprofessorentrustedmewithataskof

doingacertainexperimentand

2)

meantimegaveexplicitinstructionsthatImustread

hisnewbookbeforehand.

Thebook,however,didnotcommenditselftome.

CouldIgoaheadwithout

readingit?Theperplexityhauntedmeforquitea

while.ThenIdecidedIcould

notlookhiminthefaceifIbetrayedhistrust.SoI

startedreadinghisbookin

earnestbeforeturningtotheexperiment.3)The

dayIleftforcollege,myfathergavemeanalarm

clockandanEnglish

learner5dictionarys.Bothprovedusefulinmy

subsequentyearsofstudy.Thelatterhelpedto

makemeaccurateinmywritingwhiletheformer

helpedmeto

bepunctual.However,Ihadtopartwiththeclock

withreluctancelaterwhenit

wasprovedtobebeyondrepair.

5.1)turnedto2)turned?down4)turned

out3)turnup6)turnedon5)turnedover?8)

turnsout7)turnedaway10)turningin9)turned

in

ConfusableWordsll.2)Come;bring;bringl)

come4)went;went;going3)take;taken5)

went;came6)take8)come7)bring10)went/

came9)brought

ComprehensiveExercisesI.Cloze1.

Text-related(2)specimen(1)Enrolling(3)

leavehimtohisowndevices(4)investigation

(6)contentwith(5)Byandby(8)reluctance(7)

entrusted(9)infectious(IO)observation(12)

groundedin(11)mode2.Theme-related(2)

only(1)known(4)assistance(3)doing(5)

assignment(6)simply(8)turned(7)But(10)

because(9)singled

II.TranslationWhenIenrolledinMath202,I

anticipateddifficultiesbecauseIwasnotwell

groundedinmathematicsinhighschool.The

coursewastaughtbyProfessor

Richardson,afinespecimenofanold-fashioned

gentleman,verycordialtohis

students.However,whenitcametoacademic

matters,hewasbynomeansaneasy

person.Beforehestartedhislecture,he

discoursedenthusiasticallyonthe

importanceofworkinginanorderlyfashion,of

beingthoroughlypreparedbeforeeach

class,andofnotbeingcontentwithwhatyou

havelearned.Hisattitudetowardswork

wasinfectious,andbyandbyIbecameanardent

mathlover,too.

UNIT5Vocabulary11.2)zonel)percentage

4)diverse3)warmth6)lookedaround5)widen

7)inthefaceof8)inperspective

10)theoretical9)temperate

2.1)Itsprofitsshrankfrom$5millionto$1.25

millioninthelastglobalfinancialcrisis.2)They

willhavetoadheretotheculturalnormsofthe

organizationinorderto

besuccessfulwiththeirdatabaseproject.

3)Myhometownis/lieshalfwayinbetweenSalk

LakeCityandDenver.4)Isawwavesbattering

(against)therocksatthebottomofthecliff.

5)Floodwaterswashedawaytheonlybridge

connectingthevillagetotheoutside

world.

3.1)Yourreportonthenewcarparkisfine,but

whydon'tyoubeefitupwithsome

figures?2)Thereisawidevariationamong

Internetprovidersincost,features,software,

reliabilityandcustomerservice.

3)Povertyisoneofthereasonsforthehigh

incidenceofcrimeinthis

neighborhood.

4)Isuggestedwesinganddancefortheelderly

peopleinthenursinghome,and

allmyroommateswereinfavorofmyidea.

5)Doctorswhoarecompelledtowork36hours

atastretchcannotpossiblybe

fullyefficient.

4.1)Muchofthelossofbiodiversitycurrentlybeing

experiencedisattributedtohuman

activity.Naturalextinctionisbeingacceleratedby

humanpopulationswipingoutentire

ecosystemsfordevelopmentandsinglecrop

farming.Destroyingnaturallydiverse

vegetationdestroysthelifesustainedbythathabitat.

Wealreadyknowthescaryeffects

ofdeforestationonglobalwarming,butdowestop

tothinkaboutthethousandsof

animalandinsectspeciesthataredyingoffbecause

ofglobalwarming?

2)InAugust2005,somescientistsfrom

esteemedscientificorganizations

predictedthatatemperatureincreaseof2°C

abovethepre-industriallevelcould

triggerthemeltingoftheGreenlandicesheet,

whichwouldhaveoverwhelming

consequencesforsealevelsandbiodiversity.At

thecurrentlevelofclimatechange,

thispredictioncouldbecomearealityin10-15

years.

Withhugeamountsofcarbondioxideand

greenhousegasesintheatmosphere3)

northmeltingthetoagreatextent,therebyglobal

surfacetemperaturewouldrise

turmoil.Theintocausingdrought,andthrowing

agricultureandsouthpoleglaciers

effectswouldbemagnifiediftemperatureskeep

goingupdramatically.

5.

?over2)thinkl)thinkbackto/on

?as4)thinkof3)thoughtof

5)thinkup

1)pickedup2)pickedout

3)pickedup4)pickedon

5)picksat

II.WordFamily

1.1)contaminated2)contaminate3)

contamination4)uncontaminated

2.1)habitable2)habitations)inhabit4)

uninhabited

6)inhabited5)uninhabitableComprehensive

Exercises

I.Cloze

1.

2)coastalbeefup1)

4)residentsinfavourof3)

6)disastroustheoretical5)

8)shrinkingbattered?)

10)washedaway9)migrate

12)humanity11)Scary

2.

2)accuracyl)predicting

4)collides)basis

5)atmosphere6)melts7)affected8)actions10)

technologies9)strivingII.TranslationMost

scientistsnolongerdoubtthattheworldiswarming

upandthathumanityhasalteredclimate.They

agreethatthelong-termeffectsofglobalwarming

willbe

disastrousfortheplanetanditsinhabitants.Whatis

more,climatechangewonsmooth'tbea

transitiontoawarmerworld.Someregionswillbe

greatlyaffectedbyabrupt

climatechanges.Enormousareasofdensely

populatedlandlikecoastalFlorida

wouldbecomeuninhabitable.Hundredsof

millionsofresidentswouldhavetomigrate

tosaferregions.Therefore,itisnosurprisethat

globalwarminghasmadeitsway

ontotheagendaofworldleaders.

LINIT6VocabularyI.1.1)thehardway2)

solemn3)wroteout4)champion5)ownership6)

privilege7)Tobesure8)handicap

9)surgel0)cutthegroundfromunder?feet2.1)

Thecommitteeaimstoachievereconciliation

betweenthetwo

opposingparties.

Themanagement'srefusaltoincreasethe

minimummonthlygrant.

2)Publicplacessuchasmetrostations,

theaters,andmuseumshavebeen3)

mademoreaccessibletothedisabled.

Hisloveforthecountrysidebroughtfortha

seriesofremarkable4)

watercolors.

Itembodiestheidealsoffreedomandequality.5)

1)Thebooksarekeyedtotheinterestsof

children.

3.Wewillnotstandbyandletthesmallvillage

schoolsgetclosedfor2)lackoffunds.

Theirresponsewasineffectarefusaltoour

requestthoughtheydidn't3)

turnitdownexplicitly.

Generoustoafault,hepaidforalltheexpenses

4)Weshallalwaysfeelwearedeeplyinyour

debt.5)

1)UndertheleadershipofSamWalton,Wal-Mart

prosperedatanamazing4.speed.Askedabout

theunderlyingreasonsforthegreatsuccess,he

said,Tobegin

with,it'sthetwoorientationsthatcharacterizethe

cultureofthiscompany:

cooperativewithregardtomakingdecisions,and

trustinginrelationtofellowworkers.

Everyemployeehasastrongsenseofobligation

tothecompanyandboundless

enthusiasmforthework.

2)Mostchaptersofthisbookarededicatedtothe

effectsofgameson

children.Accordingtotheauthor,inperforming

andobservingactions,likethe

collisionoftwoobjects,babiescanhave

first-handexperienceoftherelations

implicitinthephenomena.Andteamsportscan

helptoshapechildren'spersonality

inapositiveway,becausetheycanlearnhowto

cooperatewitheachotherinthe

competition.

3)MartinLutherKingandRosaParkerhada

lotincommon.Theywereblackpeopleaswellas

civilrightsheroes.Theyledblackpeopleto

combat

discriminationandinequalityandtotrytogain

controlovertheirowndestinies.Faced

withgreatdifficultiesandfailures,theyhungon

andnevergaveupbecausethey

heldtothenotionthatallmenarecreatedequal,

(destiny,incommon,combat,

notion,hangon)

1)setout5.2)setoff3)setin4)setaside5)set

up6)setabout

7)setoff8)setup9)setup10)setapart

II.WordswithMultipleMeanings1.According

tothemanager,whathewantsisasimpleyet

effectivesalesplan.2.Usuallyhewasaserious

man,yetthisjokereducedhimtoheartylaughter

/

sethimlaughingheartily.

3.Thegovernorhasputforwardaseriesof

policiestocutthestatebudget,but

theeffectsofthenewmeasureshaveyettobe

seen.

4.Heisnotyet20,buthistechnicalcontrol,

confidence,brillianceand

intellectualdepthdisplayanoutstandingmaturity.

5.Johnwouldn'tletmeseehisessay,because

hehasn'tfinishedityet.

6.Maybethereasonscientistshaveyetto

receivesignalsfromextraterrestrial

intelligenceisthatthereisn'tanyextraterrestrial

intelligencesendingsignals.

7.Sheknewthesensiblethingtodowastoleave

theplaceassoonaspossible,

yetshewantedtostay.

8.Herselectiveyetcomprehensiveexhibition

drawsmainlyfrompubliccollections,

amongthemmanyoftheUnitedStates'most

distinguishedlibraries.

ComprehensiveExercisesI.Cloze1.1)

personalities2)embody3)underlying4)collision

5)leaderships)ownership7)ideals8)champion

9)thehardway10)prospered

1)indication2.2)sensitive

3)career4)resign6)disciplined5)supply

8)criticized?)promoted10)respected"

surrender

II.TranslationRobertLee'sfather'lifeshadbeen

plaguedbypoorfinancialinvestments.Hewas

jailedtwiceforunpaiddebtsandintheendwas

forcedtofleethecountry.Lee's

motherwasthedominantforceinshapingLee,

personality.Againstthepoignant

failureofherhusband,shewasdeterminedthat

thetragedyshouldnotberepeatedin

thelifeofherchildren.Self-control,asenseof

obligationandanindomitablespirit

werethevirtuesshetaughtLee.In1825,withan

aspirationtowinbackthefamily

honor,LeebeganstudyingatWestPointMilitary

Academy.Thisbegananewchapter

ofhislife.Overthefouryears,heconsistently

finishednearthetopofeverycourse.

UNIT7VocabularyI.1.1)anonymous2)piling

up3)advent4)soberup5)articulate6)dwindle

7)notleastofall8)vague9)busted10)rotting

2.1)Itsthemewasthatphilosophyhasvery

closelinkswithmathematics

andartificialintelligence.

2)Heisilliterate;worsestill,hehasacriminal

recordandlivesinaworld

ofliesanddeceit.

3)Theycarriedoutfirstaidtosavethepatient

frombleedingtodeath.

4)TheysuggestedthatIgoforbroke,andbe

undeterredinpursuitofmy

dream.

5)Hethinksithighlyunlikelythatsuchgoodluck

willcomehiswayagain.

3.1)Theadventofspring-symbolofrenewal

—hasbeenaconstantthemein

Edward'swritings.

2)Whythosenastythingswerebeingsaidof

herwasjustbeyondher

comprehension,andasformyselfIhavenever

heardanythingsooffensivein

allmylife.

3)MalcolmPadina,managingdirectorof

InformixSoftwareInc,hascalledfor

anewinitiativetopurgethemarketofsoftware

pirates/softwarepiratesfrom

themarket.

4)NewevidenceimplicatedMelanciaina

financialscandalinFebruary2008.5)Pains

weretearingatmychestasIwasrunninga

two-milerace.Ifeltmy

kneessinkinglowerandlowerasifIwererunning

acrossquicksand.

1)Operatingavehiclewhileintoxicatedisa

seriousoffenceinitself,butfew4.

caseshittheheadlinesunlesstheyinvolve

seriousinjury.

Tenyearsago,whenBruceR.,a57-year-old

insurancebrokerfrom

2)SouthernCalifornia,wasonthevergeof

suicideafterhavinggambledawaythetrust

ofhisfamilyandasmallremnantofbusiness

partners,littlehelpwasavailable.He

was,atonepoint,advisedbytwodoctorsthathe

justneededtogethisgambling

whichisliketellingadrugaddicttotakedrugs

moremoderately.

%undercontrol—Thecompanywasfacing

greatfinancialproblemsduetothedevastating

3)ssuddenresignation'effectsofnationwide

economicdepression.NaturallytheCEO

atsuchadifficulttimeledtogreatresentment

fromtheboardofdirectors.Theonly

hopetheyhadwasthatthebankswouldkeepthe

firmfrombankruptcybyaccepting

areorganizationplan.

fallbehindfallunder5.1)2)

fallbackon3)4)hadfallenapart

5)fallto6)hadleftoff

8)leaveoutLeavingaside?)

10)beleftalone9)leftbehind

Usagell.

2.a.literall.a.figurativeb.literalb.figurative

4.a.literalb.figurative3.a.figurativeb.literal

6.a.literals,a.figurativeb.figurativeb.literal

ComprehensiveExercisesI.Cloze

1.1)legalize2)philosophy

4)addicts3)sober

6)deceitspouses5)

8)pileupdwindle?)

10)criminal9)lured

12)hittheheadlinesl1)revenue

2)compulsive2.1)indicate

3)addictions4)financial

5)combination6)blueprint

7)retirees8)explosion

9)identifiedlO)trigger

II.TranslationGamblers'familymembers

alwayspayasteepprice.Theynotonlyhaveto

endurethepainofhavingtheirwealthwiped

awayovernight,buttheyarealso

frequentlyoverwhelmedwithfeelingsof

depressionandhopelessness.Anationwide

surveyfoundthatover2millionadultsidentifieda

spouse's

gamblingasasignificantfactorinapriordivorce.

Thenumberofdivorcesina

countyinMississippihasnearlytripledsincethe

adventofcasinos.Thecountyhas

alsowitnessedincreasesindomesticviolence

sincethen.Aconsiderablebodyofevidence

showedthattheexpansionoflegally

sanctionedgamblingdestroysindividuals,ruins

families,increasescrime,and

ultimatelycostssocietyfar