SectionⅣListeningandTalking&ReadingforWriting閱讀Reading2中的材料，選出最佳選項1．What'stheresponseofthemilkmantothelargestoneontheroad？He．A．pickeditupB．wentawayleavingthestoneunmovedC．moveditoutoftheroadD．crashedintothestone2．Howdidthekingteachanimportantlessontohispeople?A．Bygivingthemsomegoldcoins.B．Bytellingthemaninterestingstory.C．Bytestinghispeople'sresponsetohisidea.D．Byhelpinghispeoplecleantheroad.3．Whichofthefollowingstatementsistrueaccordingtothepassage?A．Thewomancriedbecauseshedidnotfindthegoldcoins.B．Thekingwantedtohidehisgoldcoinsunderthestone.C．Somewomenmadeanattempttomovethestone，butfailed.D．Thegirlmanagedtomovethestonetothesideofthestreet.[答案]1－3BCDWordsAndPhrases知識要點1assistvt.幫助；協(xié)助；援助(教材P18)Despitethedifficultsituation，DrBethunedidwhateverhecouldtoassisttheChinesepeople.不顧局勢艱難，白求恩博士竭盡所能地來幫助中國人。[例1]You'llfindyourcolleaguesveryeagertoassistyou.你將發(fā)現(xiàn)你的同事們會熱情地幫助你。[例2]Wewillhavehandyrobotsandcomputerstoassistuswiththethingsthatareboring.我們將會有便捷的機器人和電腦來幫助我們處理那些枯燥無味的事情。[知識拓展](1)assistsb.todosth. 幫助某人做某事assistsb.withsth. 幫助某人某事assistsb.indoingsth. 幫助某人做某事(2)assistancen. 幫助；協(xié)助cometoone'sassistance 援助某人(3)assistantn. 助手；助理；售貨員[提示]assist只是表示輔助性的幫助；aid多指經(jīng)濟(jì)上或其他方面急需的援助；help用法則比較廣泛，常用于日常談話中，表示任何形式的幫助。[即學(xué)即練](1)單句語法填空①Theguidemanagedtoassistthetouriststofind(find)somewheretoliveduringtheRussiaWorldCup.②Withtheassistance(assist)ofhisteacher,hegraduallyadjustedtotheschoollife.③We'relookingforvolunteerswhowouldbewillingtoassistuswiththegroup'swork.④Marywaschosenasanassistant(assist)tohelpMr.Brownfinishhisresearch.(2)一句多譯在我的日常生活中，我認(rèn)為幫助母親做家務(wù)是我的責(zé)任。①Inmydailylife，Ithinkitismydutytoassistmymotherwiththehousework.②Inmydailylife，Ithinkitismydutytoassistmymothertodothehousework.③Inmydailylife，Ithinkitismydutytoassistmymotherindoingthehousework.知識要點2harmn．&vt.傷害；損害(教材P20)Istherenooneinthisvillagewhofeelsanyresponsibilitytokeeptheirneighboursfromharm?難道這個村子里就沒有主動承擔(dān)保護(hù)鄰居避免受傷害的責(zé)任嗎？[例1]Modernfarmingmethodshavedoneconsiderableharmtothecountryside.現(xiàn)代的耕作方式已經(jīng)對鄉(xiāng)村造成了很大的損害。[例2]Stayinguptoolateharmsourhealth.熬夜太晚傷害我們的身體。[知識拓展](1)dosb./sth.harm(＝doharmtosb./sth.) 對……造成傷害thereisnoharmindoingsth. 做某事無害處(2)harmfuladj. 有害的beharmfulto 對……有害harmlessadj. 無害的[即學(xué)即練](1)單句語法填空①Asweallknow，smokingisharmful(harm)tohealth.②Staringatthescreenofthecomputerwilldoharmtoyoureyes.③Thereisnoharmingivinggiftstochildren，buttheyshouldnotberewards.(2)一句多譯眾所周知，吃太多垃圾食品對你的健康有害。①Whatisknowntousisthateatingtoomuchjunkfoodisharmfultoyourhealth．(harmful)②Itisknowntousthateatingtoomuchjunkfooddoesharmtoyourhealth．(harmn．)知識要點3agreatdeal(of)大量；許多(教材P20)Afteragreatdealofeffort，shefinallysucceededinmovingittothesideofthestreet.經(jīng)過一番努力之后，她終于成功地把石頭搬到大路邊上了。[例1]Joanpassedherexam，whichsurprisedmeagreatdeal.瓊通過了考試，這讓我很驚訝。[例2]Thepolicegainedagreatdealofusefulinformationabouttheorganization.警方收集到了大量關(guān)于該組織的有用信息。[造句]19世紀(jì)后期，歐洲發(fā)生了巨大的變化，從一個以農(nóng)業(yè)為主的社會變成了以工業(yè)為主的社會Inthelate19thcentury，Europechangedagreatdeal，fromamostlyagriculturalsocietytoamostlyindustrialone.[知識拓展](1)eq\b\lc\\rc\}(\a\vs4\al\co1(agreat/largenumberof,agreat/goodmany,quiteafew))eq\a\vs4\al(＋可數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù)＋復(fù)數(shù),謂語)(2)thenumberof＋可數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù)＋單數(shù)謂語(3)eq\b\lc\\rc\}(\a\vs4\al\co1(agreatdealof,agreat/largeamountof))＋不可數(shù)名詞(4)eq\b\lc\\rc\}(\a\vs4\al\co1(alotof/lotsof,amountsof,agreat/largequantityof/quantitiesof,massesof,plentyof))＋eq\a\vs4\al(可數(shù)名詞,復(fù)數(shù)或不,可數(shù)名詞)[提示](1)agreatdeal“大量；許多”，是一個名詞短語。agreatdealof后接不可數(shù)名詞，作主語時，謂語動詞用單數(shù)。(2)agreat/gooddeal也可以作副詞短語，可用于修飾形容詞、副詞比較級，還可以修飾動詞作狀語。[即學(xué)即練]單句語法填空①Thechangesthistimemaybelimited，buttheyareagreatdealbetter(good)thannomovementatall.②Inthepastfiveyearsagreatdealofmoneyhasbeenspent(spend)improvingtheenvironmentoftheschool.SentencePatterns重點句式neither...nor既不……也不……(教材P20)Neithershenorherfriendsthoughtaboutmovingthestoneoutoftheroad.她和她的朋友們都沒有想過把石頭從大路上挪開。句式分析：neither...or...“既不……也不……”，連接句中兩個相同的句子成分。連接并列主語時，謂語動詞遵循就近一致原則。[例1]Tobehonest，Ihaveneithertimenormoneyfortheball.誠實地說，我既沒有時間也沒有金錢參加舞會。[例2]Lastnightneithermywifenormyparentswereabletopersuademydaughtertochangehermind.昨天晚上我妻子和我父母都沒能說服我女兒改變主意。[造句]人們既不知道它的病源，也不了解它的治療方法。Neitheritscausenoritscurewasunderstood.[知識拓展]遵循“就近原則”的其他并列連詞：either...or... 不是……就是……notonly...butalso... 不僅……而且……not...but... 不是……而是……[例3]Asisknowntoall，notonlythenursesbutalsothedoctorisverykindtothepatients.眾所周知，護(hù)士和醫(yī)生都對病人非常和藹。[例4]Eitheryouoroneofyourstudentsistoattendthemeetingthatisduetomorrow.你或者你的一名學(xué)生應(yīng)該出席明天的會議。[即學(xué)即練]單句語法填空①Notyoubutthescientistis(be)toattendtheceremonytobeheldinourschool.②Neitherthefathernorthechildrenwere(be)interestedinthefilm.應(yīng)用文之人物介紹——抓主題析人物特征，比對定答案不同的幾個人物，依靠某一個特定的主題放置在一起，考查考生讀文的各種技巧，這是高考語篇中人物介紹類應(yīng)用文的命題特點。此類文章的破解關(guān)鍵在于：首先要抓住把幾位人物鏈接在一起的紐帶，即文章主題；其次要抓住每個人物自身的特點；然后迅速瀏覽題干，依據(jù)題干中的關(guān)鍵詞到文中尋找與之相關(guān)的“信息區(qū)間”，比對即可得出答案。[高考典例]2016·全國卷Ⅰ·A篇[抓文章主題，析不同人物特征]首段點明主題。YouprobablyknowwhoMarieCuriewas，butyoumaynothaveheardofRachelCarson.Oftheoutstandingladieslistedbelow，whodoyouthinkwasthemostimportantwomanofthepast100years?人物1職業(yè)成就JaneAddams(1860-1935)AnyonewhohaseverbeenhelpedbyasocialworkerhasJaneAddamstothank.Addamshelpedthepoorandworkedforpeace.Sheencouragedasenseofcommunity(社區(qū))bycreatingsheltersandpromotingeducationandservicesforpeopleinneed.In1931,AddamsbecamethefirstAmericanwomantowintheNobelPeacePrize．人物2成就RachelCarson(1907-1964)Ifitweren'tforRachelCarson,theenvironmentalmovementmightnotexisttoday.Herpopular1962bookSilentSpringraisedawarenessofthedangersofpollutionandtheharmfuleffectsofchemicalsonhumansandontheworld'slakesandoceans.人物3事件成就SandraDayO'Connor(1930-present)WhenSandraDayO'ConnorfinishedthirdinherclassatStanfordLawSchool,in1952,shecouldnotfindworkatalawfirmbecauseshewasawoman．ShebecameanArizonastatesenator(參議員)and，in1981,thefirstwomantojointheU．S.SupremeCourt.O'Connorgavethedecidingvoteinmanyimportantcasesduringher24yearsonthetopcourt.人物4事件成就RosaParks(1913-2005)OnDecember1，1955,inMontgomery,Alabama,RosaParkswouldnotgiveupherseatonabustoawhitepassenger．HersimpleactlandedParksinprison.ButitalsosetofftheMontgomerybusboycott.Itlastedformorethanayear,andkickedoffthecivil-rightsmovement.“TheonlytiredIwas，wastiredofgivingin，”saidParks.[讀文解題技法]1.讀首段，明主題通讀第一段，可知本文主題應(yīng)是介紹幾位優(yōu)秀女性。2．關(guān)注不同人物特征從下面4位人物介紹中知曉發(fā)生在她們身上的事及她們?nèi)〉玫某删汀?．題文比對得出答案抓住題干中的關(guān)鍵詞，然后到文中尋找相應(yīng)人物的特征，比對即可得出答案。[由不同人物特征，定位比對歸納出答案]21．Whatiseq\x(JaneAddams)notedforinhistory?A．Hersocialwork.B．Herteachingski