巖土工程專業(yè)詞匯——A輯absorbedwater吸著水a(chǎn)ging老化

abutment橋臺allowablebearingcapacity容許承載力acousticemissionofrock巖石聲發(fā)射allowablesettlement容許沉降acousticprospecting聲學探測alluvialfan沖積扇activeearthpressure主動土壓力alluvialsoil沖積土alternatingload交變荷載activefault活斷層anchoring，bolting錨固bolting（螺栓連接,擰緊）activityindex活動性指數(shù)anchorslabwall錨定板墻additionalstress,superimposedstress附加應力anticline背斜aquifer含水層adversegeologicphenomena不良地質(zhì)現(xiàn)象artesian(自流井的)pressurehead承壓水頭aeoliandeposit風積土artificialfill人工填土aeration(通風)zonewater包氣帶水a(chǎn)ttitude產(chǎn)狀averagethicknessmethod平均厚度法aggregateforconcrete混凝土骨料巖土工程專業(yè)詞匯——B輯backanalysis反演分析bearingcapacityfactor承載力因數(shù)basecourse道路基層bearingstratum持力層bedrock基巖berm反壓平臺(反壓馬道)boulder(stoneblock)漂石(塊石)Biotconsolidationtheory比奧固結(jié)理論Boussinesqtheory布辛涅斯克理論Bishop'ssomplifiedmethodofslices畢肖普簡化條分法bridgepier橋墩brittlefailure脆性破壞bulkmodulus體積模量blasting爆破buoyancy浮托力blocktheory塊體理論buttressretainingwall支墩式擋墻bodyforce體積力borrowarea取土場by-passseepage繞滲巖土工程專業(yè)詞匯——C輯CahtorniaBearingRatio(CBR)加州承載比cobble卵石(碎石)coefficientofcollapsibility濕陷系數(shù)cantileverretainingwall懸臂式擋墻coefficientofcompressibility壓縮系數(shù)capillarywater毛細管水categortzatlonofgeotechnicalprojects巖土工程分級coefficientofconsolidation固結(jié)系數(shù)cemmentstabilization水泥加固coefficientofcurvature曲率系數(shù)centralload中心荷載(軸心荷載)coefficientofdeformationduetoleaching溶濾變形系數(shù)Cerruti‘ssolution色盧鐵解答coefficientofpermeability滲透系數(shù)checkdam谷坊chemicalgrouting化學灌漿coeffieientofsecondaryconsolidation次固結(jié)系數(shù)coarseaggregate粗骨料coefficientofself-weightcollapsibility自重濕陷系數(shù)coarse-grainedsoil粗粒土coefficientofuniformity均勻系數(shù)compressionindex壓縮指數(shù)coefficientofviscosity粘滯系數(shù)compressivestrength抗壓強度coefficientofvolumecompressibility體積壓縮系數(shù)concentratedload集中荷載(點荷載)coefficientofweathering風化系數(shù)concretefacedrockfilldam混凝土面板堆石壩cohesion粘聚力conepenetrationtest(CPT)靜力觸探試驗cohesionlesssoil無粘性土cohesivesoil粘性土confinedwarer承壓水collapsibility濕陷性consistencylimit稠度界限collapsibilitytestofloess黃土濕陷試驗consolidated-drainedtriaxialtest固結(jié)排水三軸試驗collapsiblesoil濕陷性土consolidatedquicksheartest固結(jié)快剪試驗combinedboltingandshotcrete噴錨支護consolidated-undrainbdtriaxialtest固結(jié)不排水三軸試驗compaetibility壓實性compactionbyrolling碾壓法compactiongroutingmethod擠密噴漿法consolidation固結(jié)consolidationcure固結(jié)曲線巖土工程專業(yè)詞匯——C輯compactingmechinery碾壓機械consolidationgrouting固結(jié)灌漿compactiontest擊實試驗compositeground復合地基consolidationsettlement固結(jié)沉降compositeslipsurface復合滑動面consolidationtest固結(jié)試驗comprehensiveengineeringgeologicalmap綜合工程地質(zhì)圖巖土工程專業(yè)詞匯——C輯constitutiverelationofsoil土的本構(gòu)關(guān)系(本構(gòu)模型)comoressibility壓縮性constrainedgrainsize限制粒徑Coulomb'searthpressuretheory庫侖土壓力理論counterfortretainingwall扶壁式擋墻constrainedmodulus壓縮模量crackgrowth裂紋擴展creep蠕變contactpressure基底壓力(接觸壓力)criticaledgepressure臨塑荷載contourmapofgroundwater地下水等水位線圖criticalheightofslope(土坡)臨界高度controlofundergroundwater地下水控制criticalhydraulicgradient臨界水力梯度coreofrock巖芯corerecovery巖芯采取率criticalvoidratio臨界孔隙比corewall心墻corner-pointsmethod角點法cross-holemethod跨孔法curtaingrouting帷幕灌漿Coulomb-Navierstrengththeory庫侖—納維強度理論cushion墊層cutting路塹cutoffwall截水墻cyclicload周期荷載巖土工程專業(yè)詞匯——D輯Darcy'slaw達西定律Degreeofconsolidation固結(jié)度debrisflow泥石流degreeofsaturation飽和度deepmixingmethod深層攪拌法delayedelasticity彈性后效deepsoilstabilization深層土加固densificationbyexplosion爆炸加密法deepwellmethod深井法degreeofcompaction壓實度densificationbysandpile擠密砂樁density密度depletioncoefficient疏干系數(shù)dispersioncoefficient彌散系數(shù)developingchartofexploratorydrift坑洞展示圖dispersiveclay分散性粘土disturbedsoilsample擾動土樣dewateringmethod降水法differentialsettlement沉降差diversiontunnel導流洞down-holemethod下孔法dike，levee堤drainagemethod排水法dilatancy剪脹性dynamicconsolidation強夯法dilatancyofrock巖石擴容dynamicload動荷載diluvialfan洪積扇dynamicpenetrationtest動力觸探試驗diluvialsoil洪積土[dai’lju:vjel]directsheartest直剪試驗dynamicsimplesheartest動單剪試驗disastergeology災害地質(zhì)學dynamictriaxialtest動三錯軸試驗dislocation位錯巖土工程專業(yè)詞匯——E輯earthdam土壩effectivegrainsize有效粒徑earthmaterial土料earthpressureatrest靜止土壓力effectiveporosity有效孔隙率effectivestress有效應力earthquakeengineering地震工程學effectivestressanalysis有效應力分析earthquakesubsidence震陷elasticstrain彈性應變electricalprospecting電法勘探earth—rockdam土石壩earthwork土石方工程electro-osmosis電滲法eccentricload偏心荷載embankment路堤engineeringgeologiccolumnarprofile工程地質(zhì)柱狀圖environmentalgeotechnics環(huán)境巖士工程engineeringgeologicexploration工程地質(zhì)勘探equipotentialline等勢線engineeringgeologicdrilling工程地質(zhì)鉆探equivalentopeningsize(EOS)等效孔徑engmeeringgeologicevaluation工程地質(zhì)評價excavatingmachinery挖掘機械engineeringgeologicmap工程地質(zhì)圖excavation挖方excessporewaterpressure超靜水壓力engineeringgeologicmapping工程地質(zhì)測繪expandedpolystyrene(EPS)[’poli’staieri:n]聚苯乙烯發(fā)泡材料engineeringgeologicprofile工程地質(zhì)剖面圖expansivesoil膨脹土巖土工程專業(yè)詞匯——F輯fabricsheetreinforcedearth鋪網(wǎng)法fine-grainedsoil細粒土fissuerdclay裂隙粘土factorofsafety安全系數(shù)fissurewater裂隙水failurestrength破壞強度flatjacktechnique扁千斤頂法fallofground冒頂fatiguestrength疲勞強度flowline流線fault斷層flownet流網(wǎng)fieldidentificationofsoil土的現(xiàn)場鑒別fold褶皺fraction粒組fieldobservation現(xiàn)場觀測fracturemechanics斷裂力學fill填方fracturezone斷裂破碎帶filter反濾層freeface臨空面finalsettlement最終沉降freeswellingratio自由膨脹率fineaggregate細骨料freewater自由水frostheave凍脹freezingmethod凍結(jié)法frost—heavecapacity凍脹量frenchdrain盲溝freshrock新鮮巖石frostheavingpressure凍脹力friction—resistanceratio摩阻比frozensoil凍土巖土工程專業(yè)詞匯——G輯gap—gradedsoil不連續(xù)級配土geosynthetics土工合成材料geotechnicalcentrifugalmodel土工離心模型試驗generalshearfailure整體剪切破壞geotechnicalengineering巖土工程geocomposite土工復合材料geotechnicalengineeringinvestigation巖土工程勘察Geodrain/prefabricated（預制）stripdrain塑性排水帶法Geofabriform土工模袋geogrid土工格柵geotextiles土工織物geologicenvironment地質(zhì)環(huán)境gradation級配grainsize粒徑grainsizedistributioncurve粒徑分布曲線geologicstructure地質(zhì)構(gòu)造gravellysoil礫類土gravitationalwater重力水geomechanicalmodeltest地質(zhì)力學模型試驗gravityretainingwall重力式擋墻geomembrane土工膜geomorphology地貌Griffith'sstrengthcriterion格里菲斯強度準則geophysicalexploration地球物理勘探groundfracturing地裂groundwater地下水groundtreatment地基處理geostaticstress自重應力巖土工程專業(yè)詞匯——G輯groundwaterdynamics地下水動力學groundwaterregime地下水動態(tài)groundwaterstorage地下水貯藏量groundwaterhardness地下水硬度groundwatermonitoring地下水監(jiān)測groin，spurdike丁壩grouting灌漿groundwaterpollution地下水污染groutingtest灌漿試驗guideadit導洞groundwaterrecharge地下水補給量巖土工程專業(yè)詞匯——H輯hardnessdegreeofrock巖石堅硬程度hydrogeologicaldrilling水文地質(zhì)鉆探hydrogeologicalinvestigation水文地質(zhì)勘查hydraulicfracturingtechnique水力劈裂法hydrogeology水文地質(zhì)學hydrostaticpressure靜水壓力hydraulicfill水力沖填hydraulicgradient水力梯度heavingofthebottom基坑底隆脹hydraulictunnel水工隧道巖土工程專業(yè)詞匯——I輯influencechart感應圖influencechart感應圖infra-reddetection紅外探測internalfrictionangle內(nèi)摩擦角investigationstage勘察階段isochrone等時孔壓線isolinemethod等值線法interstratedwater層間水巖土工程專業(yè)詞匯——J、K輯jetgroutingmethod高壓噴射注漿法joint節(jié)理Kaisereffect凱塞效應karstlandfeature喀斯特地貌karst喀斯特(巖溶)karstcollapse喀斯特塌陷Ko—consolidationKo固結(jié)巖土工程專業(yè)詞匯——L輯Lamilarflow層流lineload線荷載landformunit地貌單元liquefactionofsand砂土液化landslide滑坡landslidemass滑坡體liquefactionpotential液化勢landsubsidence地面下沉laterite紅土liquidityindex液性指數(shù)liquidlimit液限layerwisesummationmethod分層總和法localshearfailure局部剪切破壞loess黃土/’louis/limepilemethod石灰樁法loess-likesoil黃土狀土limesoilpile灰土樁limetreatedsoil灰土longitudinaldike順壩limitequilibriummethod極限平衡法long-termmodulus長期模量linearshrinkageratio線縮率long-termstability長期穩(wěn)定性Lugeonunit呂榮單位巖土工程專業(yè)詞匯——M輯magmaticrock(igneousrock)巖漿巖(火成巖)modulusofelasticity彈性模量(楊氏模量)marinesoil海積土masonryretainingwall砌體擋墻modulusofpressuremeter旁壓儀模量maximumdrydensity最大干密度Mohr-Coulomblaw摩爾庫侖定律mechanicalpropertiesofrock巖石力學性質(zhì)巖土工程專業(yè)詞匯——M輯monitoringoflandslide滑坡監(jiān)測mechanicsofgranularmedia散體力學monitoringofpore-waterpressure孔隙水壓力監(jiān)測metamorphicrock變質(zhì)巖monitoringofsettlementanddeformation沉降變形監(jiān)測methodofslice條分法micro-crack微裂紋巖土工程專業(yè)詞匯——M輯Mindlin’ssolution明德林解答muck淤泥monitoringofsurroundingrockdeformationoftunnel洞室圍巖變形監(jiān)測modifiedGriffith'scriterion修正的格里菲斯準則minipile微型樁mudpumping翻漿冒泥modulusofdeformation變形模量巖土工程專業(yè)詞匯——N輯naturalangleofrepose天然休止角NewAustrianTunnellingMethod(NATM)新奧法naturalbuildingmaterials天然建筑材料non-uniformsettlement不均勻沉降needle—punchedgeotextile針刺土工織物nonwovengeotextile無紡土工織物normalization歸一化normallyconsolidationsoil正常固結(jié)土巖土工程專業(yè)詞匯——O輯optinummoisturecontent最優(yōu)含水率overburdenpressure覆蓋壓力organicsoil有機質(zhì)土overconsolidationsoil超固結(jié)土osmosicpressuremethod滲透壓法overconsolidationratio(OCR)超固結(jié)比outandcovermethod明挖法overcoarse-grainedsoil巨粒土overbreak超挖overburdenlayer覆蓋層巖土工程專業(yè)詞匯——P輯packeddrain，fabric-encloseddrain袋裝砂井permeability滲透性parallelsectionmethod平行斷面法phreaticline浸潤線phreaticwater潛水parapetwall防浪墻peremeabilitytest滲透試驗particlesizeanalysis顆粒分析試驗physicalpropertiesofrock巖石的物理性質(zhì)passiveearthpressure被動土壓力piezoconetest(CPTU)孔壓靜力觸探試驗peakstrength峰值強度piezometrichead測壓管水頭peat泥炭penetrationresistace貫入阻力pipejackingmethod頂管法perchedwater上層滯水piping管涌planestraintest平面應變試驗plasticfailure塑性破壞plasticflow塑流porosity孔隙率plasticlimit塑限preconsolidationpressure先期固結(jié)壓力plasticstrain塑性應變plasticzone塑性區(qū)preloadingmethod預壓法plasticitychart塑性圖pressurebulb壓力泡plasticityindex塑性指數(shù)pressuremetertest(PMT)旁壓試驗plateloadingtest平板荷載試驗primarystress初始應力(地應力)pointloadingtest點荷載試驗primaryconsolidation主固結(jié)Poisson'sratio泊松比poorly-gradedsoil不良級配土principleofeffectivestress有效應力原理poreairpressure孔隙氣壓力progressivefailure漸近破壞porepressure孔隙壓力prototypemonitoring原型監(jiān)測porepressureparameter孔隙水壓力系數(shù)punchingshearfailure沖剪破壞porepressureratio孔隙壓力比pump—intest壓水試驗porewater孔隙水pumpingtest抽水試驗porewaterpressure孔隙水壓力巖土工程專業(yè)詞匯——Q輯quicksand流砂quicksheartest快剪試驗巖土工程專業(yè)詞匯——R輯radialflatjacktechnique徑向扁千斤頂法radiusofinfluence影響半徑radialwells輻射井Rankine'searthpressuretheory蘭金土壓力理論rateofsettlement沉降速率retainingwall擋土墻(擋墻)retardation滯后rateofstripping剝離比rheology流變學reboundmodulus回彈模量roadpavement道路路面reboundoffoundation地基回彈rockburst巖爆rechargearea補給區(qū)rechargerate補給率rockclassification巖石分類rockengineering巖石工程rechargemethod回灌法rockfall巖崩reclamation圍墾工程rockfilldam堆石壩reinforcedearth加筋土rockmass巖體reinforcedsoilwall加筋土擋墻rockmassbasicquality巖體基本質(zhì)量relativedensity相對密度rockmechanics巖石力學(巖體力學)relaxationtime松弛時間reliefwell減壓井rockqualitydesignation(RQD)巖石質(zhì)量指標remoldedstrength重塑強度rolledfillearthdam碾壓土壩remotesensmgprospecting遙感勘測rollingcompactiontest碾壓試驗reserveofbuildingmaterial建材儲量rootpile樹根樁residualsoil殘積土rosediagramofjoints節(jié)理玫瑰圖residualstrength殘余強度runoffarea徑流區(qū)resonantcolumntest共振樁試驗rupture，fracture斷裂巖土工程專業(yè)詞匯——S輯salinesoil鹽漬土sandysoil砂井土sanddrain排水砂井saturationcurve飽和曲線scaleeffect尺度效應shielddrivingmethod盾構(gòu)法seasonallyfrozensoil季節(jié)凍土shortcrete噴射混凝土secondaryconsolidation次固結(jié)shrinkageindex縮性指數(shù)shrinkagelimit縮限sideditch側(cè)溝secondaryconsolidationsettlement次固結(jié)沉降simplesheartest單剪試驗sedimentaryrock沉積巖seepage滲流slaking濕化airslaking潮解,風化dryslaking干式消化[熟化]limeslaking石灰熟化;石灰消化seepagedeformation滲透變slide—resistantpile抗滑樁slipsurface滑動面seepagefailure滲透破壞slipzone滑動帶seepageforce滲流力slopingwall斜墻seepagepath滲徑slowsheartest慢剪試驗softclay軟粘土self—boringpressuremeter自鉆式旁壓儀soildynamics土動力學oilfabric土的組構(gòu)semi一infiniteelasticbody半無限彈性體soilflow流土soilmass土體sensitivity靈敏度soilmechanics土力學settlement沉降soilnailing土釘settlementcalculationdepth沉降計算深度soilsampler取土器soilskeleton土骨架settlementcurve沉降曲線specialsoil特殊土shearmodulus剪切模量soldierpile排樁shearstrain剪應變soilstructure土的結(jié)構(gòu)shearstrength抗剪強度sheetpilewall板樁墻specificgravityofsoilparticle土粒比重specificgroutabsorption單位吸漿量(比吸漿量)stressconcentration應力集中specificpenetrationresistance比貫入阻力stresscontrolledtest應力控制試驗specificsurface比表面積stressdistribution應力分布specificwaterabsorption單位吸水量stresshistory應力歷史specificyield給水度stresslevel應力水平splittest劈裂試驗(巴西試驗)stresspath應力路徑stressrecoverymethod應力恢復法stabilityanalysis穩(wěn)定分析stabilitynumber穩(wěn)定數(shù)stressrelaxation應力松弛stablecrackgrowth穩(wěn)定裂紋擴展stressreliefmethod壓力解除法standardpenetrationtest標準貫入試驗stressspace應力空間stipload條形荷載stateofplasticequilibrium塑性平衡狀態(tài)structuralblock結(jié)構(gòu)體steadyseepage穩(wěn)定滲流structuralplane結(jié)構(gòu)面stonematerial石料structuraltypesofrockmass巖體結(jié)構(gòu)類型stereographlcprojection赤平投影subsurfacerunoff地下徑流storagecoefficient儲水系數(shù)sureharge超載surfaceforce表面力straincontrolledtest應變控制試驗surfacesoilstabilization淺層土加固strainhardening應變硬化surfacewater地表水strainspace應變空間surfacewavevecositymethod表面波法strainsoftening應變軟化strengthenvelope強度包線surroundingrock圍巖surroundingrockstress圍巖應力(二次應力)swellingforce膨脹力swellingindex回彈指數(shù)Swedishcirclemethod瑞典圓弧法swellingratio膨脹率syncline向斜巖土工程專業(yè)詞匯——T輯tai