命題點主旨大意

本類考題解答方法

一篇文章通常是圍繞一個中心思想展開的。不少文章一開頭便展示出文章的主題，特別

是新聞報道，第一小段通常是故事的梗概，這一段往往表達了文章的中心思想；在文章的段

落中，則通常由開頭的一句作為主題句(topicsentence)來概括該段的中心思想。主題句

一般具有三個特點：

1.表述的意思比較概括，相對主題句來看，這種概括性更為明顯。

2.句子結(jié)構(gòu)較簡單，多數(shù)都不采用長、難句的形式。

3.段落中其他的句子必定是用來解釋、支撐或發(fā)展主題句所表述的主題思想。

理解一篇文章的主旨大意首先要學(xué)會尋找主題句。一般來說，在一個段落中，主題句的

位置有五種情況：

1.主題句在段首：在有主題句的段落中，主題句位于段首的可能性最大。通常用演繹

法撰寫的段落，往往遵循從一般到個別的寫作程序，即以概述開始，隨之詳細解說。

2.主題句在段尾：與主題句位于段首的情況相反，主題句位于段尾時，通常用歸納法

撰寫。表述細節(jié)的句子在前，概述性的句子在后，并以此而結(jié)尾.位于段尾的主題句往往陳

述依據(jù)上文的細節(jié)的結(jié)論或建議，歸納的要點或共性以及得出的觀察印象或結(jié)果。

3.主題句在段中：當(dāng)主題句位于段中，開段的句子往往表述段落要論述的主題，而主

題則由隨之引出的句子來表達。此外，為闡明主題思想，在主題句之后，仍有一些句子陳述

細節(jié)，或作合乎邏輯的引申。這一類的段落包括三個層次：引題一一主題一一解釋，或提問

---回答----解釋。

屯主題句在段首和段尾：在一些文段中，作者為了突出主題思想，并暗示讀者，這段文

章中的意思比其他的段更重要。采用了前后呼應(yīng)、兩次點題的寫作乎法。值得注意的是，表

述同一主題思想的兩個主題句，在句型結(jié)構(gòu)和用詞方面往往不盡一致，而且在內(nèi)容上后者也

不是前者的簡單重復(fù)，多半有所引申或順應(yīng)其向細節(jié)的鋪敘而有所側(cè)重。

5.主題句暗含在段中：不是所有的段落都有主題句。尤其是在多段文章中，主題句并

沒有明確表述。閱讀這樣的文段，主要通過對細節(jié)的陳述或概括各段的主題思想，含蓄地表

達文段的主題思想。對于無主題句的文段，不可能采用辯論主題句的方法來獲取其主題思想。

而應(yīng)正確理解作者提供的所有細節(jié)，包括事實、觀點和事件，在大腦中形成初步印象。然后

發(fā)揮自己的邏輯概括能力，概括作者提供的事實、觀點和事件，綜合歸納成一般概念.這種

概念不一定能達到主題句那樣完整，但只要切合文段的主題即可。

這類試題主要考查學(xué)生把握全文主題和理解中心思想的能力，也包括分析、歸納文章的

段落大意、重要睛節(jié)、人物特征、環(huán)境特點的能力。這種試題要求學(xué)生把握文章的總體，并

真正理解主題和中心句；要求能較好地運用概念、判斷、歸納、推理等邏輯思維的方法，難

度較大，屬于高層次題。在運用多項選擇法考查學(xué)生這方面的閱讀理解能力時，對大多數(shù)短

文(段落)的主題(subject),中心思想(mabidea),標題(titlle)或作者的寫作目的

(pUr[X)se)加以擬題。擬題大致有以下固定的提問方式：

1.Thesubiectoftheparagraph(passage)is.

2.Theparagraph(passage)dealswith.

3.WhattopiciStreatedinthisparagraph(passage)?

4.Themainideaoftheparagraph(passage)is

5.Fromtheparagraph(passage)weknowthat

6.Theparagraph(passage)couldbeentitled

7.Whichofthefollowingisthebesttitlefortheparagraph(passage)?

8.Whatistheauthor'smainpupose?

凡遇到這樣的一些問題,我們都應(yīng)從理解主題思想去考慮答案是哪一個。

I高考最新熱門題

1.（典型例題季卷）

AcharacteristicofAmericanculturethathasbecomealmostatraditionis

torespecttheself-mademan—themanwhohasrisentothetopthroughhis

ownefforts,usuallybeginningbyworkingwithhishands.Whiletheleaderin

businessorin-dustryorthecollegeprofessoroccupiesahighersocialposition

andcommandsgreaterrespectinthecommunitythanthecom-monlaboreror

eventheskilledfactoryworker,hemaytakepainstopointoutthathisfather

startedlifeinAmericaasafarmerorlaborerofsomesort.

Thisattitudetowardmanual（體力的）laborisnowstillseeninmanyaspects

ofAmericanlif~Oneisinvitedtodinneratahomethatisnotonlycomfortably

butevenluxuriously（豪華地）furnishedandinwhichthereiseveryevidenceof

thefactthatthefamilyhasbeenabletoaffordforeigntravel,expensivehobbies,

andcollegeeducationforthechildren;yetthehostessprobablywillcookthe

dinnerherself,willserveitherselfandwillwashdishesafterward,furthermore

thedinnerwillnotconsistmerelyofsomethingquicklyandeasilyassembled

fromcontentsofvariouscansandacakeorapieboughtatthenear-bybakery.

Onthecontrary,thehostessusuallytakesprideincarefulpreparationofspecial

dishes.Aprofessionalmanmaytalkaboutwashingthecar;digginginhis

flowerbeds,paintingthehouse.Hiswifemayevenhelpwiththesethings,just

asheoftenhelpsherwiththedishwashing.Thesonwhoisawayatcollegemay

waitontableandwashdishesforhisliving,orduringthesummerhemaywork

withaconstructiongangonahighwayinordertopayforhiseducation.

1.FromParagraph1,wecanknowthatinAmerica

A.peopletendtohaveahighopinionoftheself-mademan

B.peoplecanalwaysrisetothetopthroughtheirownefforts

C.collegeprofessorswingreatrespectfromcommonworkers

D.peoplefeelpainfultomentiontheirfathersaslaborers

2.Accordingtothepassage,thehostesscooksdinnerherselfmainlybecause

A.servantsinAmericaarehardtoget

B.shetakesprideinwhatshecandoherself

C.shecanhardlyaffordservants

D.itiseasytoprepareamealwithcannedfood

3.Theexpression"waitontable"inthesecondparagraphmeans

A.workinafurnitureshop

B.keepaccountsforabar

C.waittolaythetable

D.servecustomersinarestaurant

4.Whichofthefollowingmayserveasthebesttitleofthepassage?

A.ARespectableSelf-madeFamily

B.AmericanAttitudetowardManualLabor

C.CharacteristicsofAmericanCulture

D.TheDevelopmentofManualLabo

命題目的與解題技巧：本文的命題目的是考查考生概括主題的能力。做這類題的決竅就是找

主題句。本文共兩段，主題句為每段的第一句話。找出主題句，就不難抓住本文的主題思想。

【解析】本文介紹了美國人民在生活中尊重通過自己的勤奮勞動而獲得成功的人這樣

一種文化。

【答案】1.A這是一道段落主旨題。從第一段內(nèi)容可知整段都圍繞第一句話展開，

因而第一句話是這一段的主題句，說明在美國手工工人很受尊敬。

2.B本題為細節(jié)題。第二段倒數(shù)第四句說女主人自己做飯的原因是她們?yōu)樽约耗軇?/p>

手做飯而感到驕傲。

3.D猜測詞義題。根據(jù)sswashdishesfOrhisliving”可推測出wait。ntable的意

思''在飯店當(dāng)招待員〃。

4.B本題是主旨題。這篇短文主要講述美國人對手工勞動的態(tài)度。

2.（典型例題

Ifthereisnodifferenceingeneralintelligence（智力）betweenboysand

girls,whatcanexplaingirls'poorperformanceinscienceandmathematics?

Itseemstobethattheirtreatmentatschoolisadirectcause.Mathematics

andscienceareseenassubjectsmainlyforboys,andtherefore,asgirlsbecome

teenagers,theyarelesslikelytotakethem.Interestingly,bothboysandgirls

oftenre-gardthesubjectsforboysasmoredifficult.Yetithasbeensuggested

thatgirlsdonottakemathematicscourses,notbe-causetheyaredifficult,but

forsocialreasons.Girlsdonotwanttobeinopencompetitionwithboys

becausetheyareafraidtoappearlessfeminine（女性的）andattractive.

However;ifweexaminetheperformanceofboysandgirlswhohavetaken

mathematicscourses,therearestillmorehigh-achievingboysthanthereare

girls.Thisdifferenceappearstobeworld-wide.Biologicalexplanationshave

beenofferedforthis,butthereareotherexplanationstoo.

Perhapsthedifferencewhichcomesoutduringtheteenageyearshasits

rootsinmuchearlierexperiences.Fromtheirfirstdaysinkindergarten,boys

areencouragedtoworkontheirownandtocompletetasks.Factsshowthat

outstanding（杰出的）mathematiciansandscientistshavenothadteacherswho

suppliedanswers.

Besides,therecanbelittledoubtthatteachersofmathematicsand

scienceexpecttheirboystudentstodobetteratthesesubjectsthantheirgirl

students.Theyevenappeartoencouragethedifferencebetweenboysandgirls.

Theyspendmoretimewiththeboystudents,givingthemmoretimetoanswer

questionsandworkinghardertogetcorrectanswersfromthem.Theyaremore

likelytocallonboysforanswersandtoallowthemtotaketheleadinclassroom

discussion.Theyalsopraiseboysmorefrequently.Allofthisseemsto

encourageboystoworkharderinscienceandmathematicsandtogivethem

confidence（信心）thattheyareabletosucceed.

Suchawayofteachingisnotlikelytoencouragegirlstotakemany

mathematicsandsciencecourses,norisitlikelytosupportgirlswhodo.When

itcomestothesesubjectsitseemscertainthatschoolwidensthedifference

betweenboysandgirls.

1.Girlsarelikelytothinkthat.

A.sciencecoursesareforbothboysandgirls

B.sciencecoursesmakethemmorepopular

C.sciencecoursesmakethemsuccessful

D.sciencecoursesaredifficultforthem

2.Thetextmainlydiscussesreasonsforthedifferencebetweenboys

andgirlsinscientificachievements.

A.biologicalB.historical

C.socialD.personal

3.Whatareboysusuallyencouragedtodoatschool?

A.Togethelpwiththeirhomework.

B.Toplaytheleadingroleinclass.

C.Toworkwithgirlstudentsinclass.

D.Tolearntotakecareofothers.

4.Whatdoesthepassagesayaboutgreatmathematicians?

A.Theirteachersdidnotsupplyanswerstothem.

B.Theystartedlearningmathematicsatanearlierage.

C.Theyshowedmathematicalabilitiesintheirteenageyears.

D.Theirsuccessresultedfromtheirstronginterestinmathematics.

5.Theauthorwouldprobablyagreethat.

A.boysandgirlslearninthesameway

B.boysandgirlsareequalingeneralintelligence

C.girlsaremoreconfidentinthemselvesthanbefore

D.girlsshouldtakefewersciencecoursesthanboys

【解析】本文是議論文，主要分析了男孩跟女孩在數(shù)學(xué)學(xué)習(xí)方面差異形成的原因。

【答案】F1.D要求考生根據(jù)細節(jié)進行推斷。文章第二段中第三句話說明女孩們不

愿選修這些理科課程，似乎認為這些很難。

2.C考查概括主旨大意的能力。文章第三段雖提到了biologicalreason,但這并

不是作者要強調(diào)的。"Biologicalexplanationshavebeenofferedforthis,butthere

areotherexplanationstoo.”再看全文。作者主要探討的學(xué)校教育，甚至學(xué)前教育所造

成的影響，屬于socialreasons.

3.B這是一道細節(jié)理解題。文章第五段在討論學(xué)校教育時說''Theya「emorelikely

tocallonboysforanswersandtoallowthemtotaketheleadinclassroom

discussion",意思就是說在班里起帶頭作用。

4.A考查對文章細節(jié)的理解能力。第四段提到男女生的差異可能源于他們在幼兒園

受到的教育。對大數(shù)學(xué)家的調(diào)查提到"Factsshowthatoutstandingmathematicians

andscientistshavenothadteacherswhosuppliedanswers”。

5.B考查對作者觀點的理解。文章第一句話說''IIthereisnodiferenceingeneral

intelligencebetweenboysandgrls…〃,表明作者承認男女之間智力并無大的差異,

導(dǎo)致他們后天在理科方面的差距的直接原因不是智力，而是學(xué)校教育。之后作者不再提智力

方面的差異，說明作者承認這個前提。

由上面兩個例題我們可以看出，文章的中心思想或主旨大意一定帶有綜合概括性。

Passagel（典型例題

ItwasawarmAprildaywhenabigfatenvelopecameinthemailfrom

theonlycOllegeIhadeveriiliaginedattending.Itoreopenthepacket.My

eyeswerenxedontheword''congratulations,,ldon'tremembereversmilingso

Wide.

ThenIlookedatmyfinancial（財政）package.

ThecostofDreamSchool'stuition（學(xué)費），roomandboardwasaround（40,

000animpossiblesum!HowconldIaffordtoattend?Whatgoodreasons

didIhavetogotherewhenthreeotherfinecollegeswereofferingme

freetuittion?Myotherchoicesweregood,solidschoolseveniftheyweren*t

asfamousasmyfirstchoice.

Inmymind,attendingmydreamuniversityWouldbetheonlywaytorealize

mydreamofbecomingaworld-classwriter.MyparentsunderstoodhowIfelt.

Theytoldmethateventhoughitwouldbeafinancialproblem,Icouldgo

whereverIwouldbehappiest.ButasIwasalwayscarefulwithmoney,Iwasn't

surewhattodo.

Oneoftheschoolsthatofferedmeafullridehadaninformationaldinner

onenightinthespring.Consideringmyparents'financialdifficulties,Idecided

todrivethe45minutesandattend.Atfirst,allIhadplannedtodowastosmile

politely,eatfreefood,listenquietly.ButIsurprisedmyself.

Atdinnerthepresidentoftheuniversitytalkedaboutthewonderful

activitiesoncampus（校園）includingguestlecturesandsocialgatherings.He

alsomadeitperfectlyclearthatfreefoodwouldbeofferedatallfutureevents.

Hecontinuedwithexplanationsofprofessors,classsizes,activities,and

sportingeventsoncampus.Ashespoke,Ibegantorealizethatthisschool,

thoughnotasgoodasmyfirstchoice,mightbethebestoneforme.Itseemed

smallyetwithmanygreatprograms.Itseemedchallengingyetcaring.

Asthepresidentendedhisspeech,weclappedpolitelyandpushedback

ourchairs.AsIwalkedoutofthatdoor;afeelingofcomfortwashedoverme.

Lookingatthecampusthatnight,IrealizedthatIwouldbespendingthenext

fouryearsrightthere.

Inallhonesty,myuniversityisnotaswell-knownasmy"dream',

university.However;itturnedouttobetherightchoiceofschoolsforme.

1.Howdidtheauthorfeelwhenhestartedtoreadtheletter?

A.Hewasfullofjoy.

B.Hewaslostinhisdream.

C.Hewasworriedaboutthemoney.

D.Hewasuncertainwhichschooltogoto.

答案：A指導(dǎo)：這是一道細節(jié)推斷題。根據(jù)第一段中Idon'tremembereversmilingso

wide.可推斷出當(dāng)作者開始讀信時內(nèi)心充滿了歡樂。

2.Wecanlearnfromthepassagethattheparents

were.

A.honestB.strict

C.supportiveD.decisive

答案：C指導(dǎo)：這是一道細節(jié)推斷題。根據(jù)第三段中MyparentsunderstoodhowI

felt.Theytoldmethateventhoughitwouldbeafinancialproblem,Icouldgo

whereverIwouldbehappiest.可判斷出作者的家長對他很支持。

3.InParagraph5,"offeredmeafullride"canbereplacedby.

A.wouldpayfortransporttotheschool

B.wouldshowmearoundthecampus

C.wouldofferfreemealsatallevents

D.wouldchargemenothingfortuition

答案：D指導(dǎo)：這是一道猜義題。根據(jù)下文的內(nèi)容可猜測出offeredmeafull「ide的意

思是''免除學(xué)費〃。

4.Whatdoestheauthormainlywanttosay?

A.Yoursecond-choicecollegemayactuallybeyourbestfit.

B.Youshouldconsidercomfortinyourchoiceofschools.

C.Youshouldtryyourbesttoattendyourdreamschool.

D.Yourchoiceofschoolsshouldbebasedontheirfame.

答案：A指導(dǎo)：這是一道猜測作者寫作意圖題。這篇短文主要講述了作者接到夢想已久的

大學(xué)錄取通知書時心情非常激動，但是由于高昂的學(xué)費，使他望而卻步，不得不去一家免費

學(xué)校上學(xué)，在這里作者感到比自己夢想的學(xué)校還要好，所以作者認為第二志愿的學(xué)?？赡茏?/p>

適合自己。

Passage2（典型例題）

AteacherofEnglishasasecondlanguageisthe20典型例題heroftheYear

intheUnitedStates.KathyMellorofRhodeIslandwillspendthenextyearasan

internationalspokeswomanforeducation.PresidentBushandhiswife.Eaura,

honoredherduringaceremony（儀式）attheWhiteHouselastweek.

Forthepastnineteenyears.KathyMeliorhastaughtEnglishasasecond

languageatDavisvilleMiddleSchoolinNorthKingstown,RhodeIsland,inthe

northeasternUnitedStates.SheredesignedtheprogramforE.S.L.studentsat

herschooltoprovideeachstudentwithonetothreeperiodsperdayinclasses

forEnglishlearners.Howmuchinstructionthestudentsgetdependsontheir

levelofskillinlistening,speak-Ing,readingandwriting.Theamountoftime

theyspendintheseclassesisreducedastheirlevelofEnglishincreases.

AteacherdescribestfiisasthemostsuccessfulE.S.L.programinNorth

Kingstown.ShealsopraisesKathyMeliorforprovidinghelptostudentsand

theirfamiliesbyformingalocalparentsgroupforspeakersofotherlanguages.

Thisimprovedtheirabilitytohelptheirchildren.

KathyMeliorearnedamaster'sdegreeineducationfromRhodeIsland

College.ShestudiedteachingEnglishasasecondlanguage.

ShewaschosenforthenationalhonorofTeacheroftheYearfromamong

topteachersineachofthefiftystates.AsTeacheroftheYear;KathyMeliorwill

travelaroundtheUnitedStatesandtoothercountries.Shewilltalkaboutthe

impor-tanceofeducationandtheworkofteachers.

1.Thispassageismainlyabout.

A.TeacheroftheYear20典型例題heUnitedStates

B.MsMellor'sEnglishteachinginstruction

C.MsMellor'steachingskillsoflearningEnglish

D.praisestoMsMeliorfromotherteachers

答案：A指導(dǎo)：本文通過首段首句可看出答案：一名把英語作為第二語言的英語教師成為

20典型例題一位模范(一項榮譽)。所以A是最佳選項；其他三項都是主旨下的細節(jié)。

2.Whatdoes"E.S.L,"inthepassagestandfor?

A.Englishstudylearners.

B.Englishspeakingandlistening.

C.Englishspeciallearners.

D.Englishasasecondlanguage.

答案：D指導(dǎo)：結(jié)合整篇文章的中心句(第一段第一句)及第二段第一、二句，可得出答案。

猜測詞義千萬不要望文生義，要結(jié)合該詞前后的兩或三個句子，結(jié)合文章或段落中心，加以

推斷。

3.Fromthispassagewecanlearnthat

A.middleschoolteachersfromeachstatearehonoredTeachersoftheYear

B.middleschoolteachersintheUSAhavetogetmaster's

degrees

C.MsMellor'sstudentshavenoproblemsinlearningEngish

D.theAmericangovernmentpaysmuchattentiontoeducationPassage

答案：D指導(dǎo)：文章第一段最后兩句介紹KathyMelio「(作為20典型例題范教師)將在明年

作為internationalspokeswoinanforeducation,并且總統(tǒng)夫婦于上周在白宮向她表示

敬意，可見政府對教育之重視。

3(典型例題CentralPark

Outsideamongthetrees,watchthewildlife-boththehumanandanimal

varieties.Call(212)360-3465or(212)360-2726fordailyeventsandtours.

CentralParkstretchesfrom59thto110th$ts,andfrom5thAve.toCentralPark

West.

EmpireStateBuilding

Thisisamongthemoststrikingbuildingsinthecity,thenation,eventhe

world.Theobservationdeckonthe86thfloorisopentothegeneral

public,offeringawonderfulviewofthecity.Onthesecondflooryou'llfindthe

NewYorkSkyride,asimulated(模擬的)helicopterrideoverManhattan.5thAve.

at34thSt.,Midlown/(212)736-3100.IntrepidSea-Air-SpaceMuseum

FiveblockswestofTimeSquare,thismuseumhashundredsofair;

deep-seaandspaceexhibits.Walktheflightdeckofthe900-foot-longaircraft

carrierIntrepid,seedozensofoldandmodemaircraftandridetheIntrepid

NavyFlightSimulator.Pier86,W.46thSt.'and12thAve./(212)245-0072.

MadisonSquareGarden

Ifit'sbigzitprobablyhappensattheGarden.Checkoutsportingevents,

concertsandmuchmore.Toursareavailable.7thAve.,btam.31stand33rd

Sts.,Midtown/(212)465-6741.

1.TheNewYorkSkyrideisfor.

A.sight-seeing

B.flighttraining

C.modelplanesports

D.citytransportation

答案：A指導(dǎo)：從第二則廣告第二句可知。

2.Ifavisitorisinterestedinmusic,hewillprobablygoto.

A.CentralPark

B.EmpireStateBuilding

C.IntrepidSea-Air-SpaceMuseum

D.MadisonSquareGarden

答案：D指導(dǎo)：從最后一則廣告第二句中的concerts可得出答案。

3.Whatisthepurposeofthesetexts?

A.ToprovideinformationoflivinginNewYork.

B.ToprovidedirectionsofcitytrafficinNewYork.

C.TogivevisitorsaguidetoNewYork.

D.TogiveabriefintroductiontothehistoryofNewYork.

答案：C指導(dǎo)：考生至少知道中央公園、帝國大廈、時代廣場中的一處在美國紐約，然后

根據(jù)各段落所給的電活號碼區(qū)號可得出答案。

Passage4（典型例題）

Sometimes,somethingthatisconsideredtobenegativeturnsouttobean

advantageonthejob.Thoughheisonly18yearsoldandblind,Suleyman

GokyigkisamongthetopcomputertechniciansandprogrammersatIntelidata

TechnologiesCorp.,alargesoftwarecompanywithseveralofficesacrossthe

UnitedStates."AfterourcompanyunitedwithanotheronelastOctober;two

differentcomputernetworksweredrivinguscrazy/'recallsDouglasBraun,the

InteliDatapresident."Wecouldn'tevensendE-mailtoeachother,"Inthree

weeksMr.Gokyigitcreatedthesoftwareneededtoconnectthetwonetworks.

"Noneofthecompany's350otheremployeescouldhavedonethejobinthree

months"zsaysMr.Braun."Suleymancan'see*intotheheartofthecomputer.*'

Mr.Gokyigit'sgift,asMr.Brauncallsit,isanunusualabilitytoformanidea

oftheinsideofamachine."Thecomputerpermitsmetoreachoutintotheworld

anddoalmostanythingIwanttodo,”saysMr.Gokyigit.

Theyoungprogrammerisathomewithhardwareaswell,thankspartlyto

ahighlydevelopedsenseoftouch.MitziNowakows-kizanofficemanagerat

InteliData,remembershowheeasilydisconnectedandreconnectedtheir

computersystemsduringamovelastyear."Throughfeel,Suleymancanfind

thepositionofconnectors,pinsandwiresmuchfasterthanmostotherpeople

withsight/hesays.

Muchofthestudentprogrammer'sspeedcomesfromhisabilitynottobe

interruptedwhileatthecomputer.Whentyping,helistenscarefullytothe

synthesizer（合成器）.Hislong,thinfingersflyoverkeyboard,"Nothingseemsto

shakehisattention,'saysMrs.Nowa-kowski,hisboss.

Mr.Gokyigitistheonlycompanyemployeewhoisavailable（可找到的）24

hoursaday,"Weconsiderhimourtopproblemsolver;"saysMr.Braun.

1.AccordingtoMr.Braun,Suleyman

A.canworkwondersoncomputer

B.isthebesttechnicianintheworld

C.hasdoneahardjobinthreemonths

D.hasunitedInteliDataTechnologiesCorp,withanothercomputer

company.

答案：A指導(dǎo)：據(jù)全文可知，Suleyman在電腦方面有非凡的才?能，故選A：其他各項均

與原文有出人。

2.Theunderlinedpart"isathomewithhardware*'（Paragraph4）

means.

A.isgoodatdealingwithcomputerhardware

B.isfondofcomputerhardware

C.workswithcomputerhardwareathome

D.feelscomfortablewhenworkingwithcomputerhardware

答案：A指導(dǎo)：此處的“beathomewithsth.〃的意思根據(jù)上下文篇應(yīng)是''擅長解決……

的問題

3.Suleymanwasquickwhileatthecomputermostlybecauseof

A.hisblindness

B.hisattentiononthesynthesizer

C.hislong,thinfingers

D.hisabilitynottobeinterrupted

答案：D指導(dǎo)：文中有"???speedcomesfromhisabilitynottobeinterruptedwhile

atthecomputer11,這才是他速度快的原因。

4.Whatdoesthetextmainlytellus?

A.Computertechniciansaremorelikelytobegifted.

B.One'sdisadvantagesmayprovetobeadvantages.

C.Thedisabledcanalsoplayanimportantroleinsociety.

D.Topcomputerscientistshaveunusualabilitiestoformideasofcomputers.

答案：B指導(dǎo)：通常文章的首段首句為主題句。

Passage5（典型例題）

Theyearis2094.Ithasbeenannouncedthatacomet（彗星）isheading

towardstheEarth.Mostofitwillmissourplanet,buttwopieceswillprobablyhit

thesouthernhalfoftheEarth.

On17July,apiecefourkilometreswideenterstheEarth'satmosphere

（大氣層）withamassiveexplosion.Abouthalfofthepieceisdestroyed,butthe

remainingparthitstheSouthAtlanticat200timesthespeedofsound.The

seaboilsandahugeholeismadeintheseabed.Hugewavesarecreatedand

spreadoutwardsfromthehole.Thewallofwater;akilometrehigh,rushes

towardssouthernAfricaat800kilometresan

hour.CitiesontheAfricancoastaretotallydestroyedandmillionsofpeople

aredrowned.

BeforethewavesreachSouthAmerica,thesecondpieceofthecomet

landsinArgentina.EarthquakesandvolcanoesaresetoffintheAndes

Mountains.TheshockwavesmovenorthintoCaliforniaandallaroundthe

PacificOcean.ThecitiesoflobAngeles,SanFranciscoandTokyoarecompletely

destroyedbyearthquakes.Millionsofpeopleinthesouthernhalfoftheearth

arealreadydead,butthenorthwon*tescapeforlong.Becauseoftheexplosions,

thesunishiddenby,cloudsofdust,temperaturesaroundtheworldfallto

almostzero.Cropsareruined.Thesunwon'tbeseenagainformanyyears.

Warsbreakoutascountriesfightforfood.Ayearlater;nomorethan10million

peopleremainalive.

Coulditreallyhappen?Infact,ithasalreadyhappenedmorethanoncein

thehistoryoftheEarth.Thedinosaurs（恐龍）wereontheEarthforover160

millionyears.Then65mil-lionyearsagotheysuddenlydisappeared.Many

scientistsbelievethattheEarthwashitbyapieceofobjectinspace.The

dinosaurscouldn'tlivethroughthecoldclimatethatfollowedandtheydiedout.

Willwemeetthesameend?

1.Whatismainlydescribedinthepassage?

A.Ahistoricdiscovery

B.Aneventofimagination

C.Aresearchonspace.

D.Ascientificadventure

答案：B指導(dǎo)：通讀全文可知此答案。

2.WhenthefirstpiecehitstheSouthAtlantic,itcauses.

A.anearthquake

B.damagestocities

C.anEarthexplosion

D.hugewaves

答案：D指導(dǎo)：從第二段中間"Theseaboilsandahugeholeismadeinthe

seabed.Hugewavesarecreated...〃可知。B從第三段中間“Becauseofthe

explosions,thesunishiddenbyclouds''dust,temperaturesaroundtheworldfall

toalmostzero”可知。D從最后三句話可得知此答案。

3.Whycan'tthenorthernhalfofthe'earthescapeforlong?

A.Becausethelandiscoveredwithwater.

B.Becausethelightandheatfromthesuncannotreachtheearth.

C.Becausepeopletherecannotliveatthetemperatureofzero.

D.Becausewarsbreakoutamongcountries.

答案：B指導(dǎo)：從第三段中間“Becauseoftheexplosions,thesunismiddenby

cloedsofdust,temperaturesaroundtheworldfalltoalmostzero”可知。

4.Bygivingtheexampleofdinosaurstheauthortriestoprove.

A.animalscouldnotliveinthecoldclimate

B.whathappened65millionyearsagowasaninventedstory

C.thehumanbeingswilldieoutin2094

D.theEarthcouldbehitbyotherobjectsinspacePassage

答案：D指導(dǎo)：從最后三句話可得知此答案。

II題點經(jīng)典類題

1.（典型例題卷）

MountainlionsliveinmountainousareasofthewesternUnitedStates.

Lately,however;peoplehavereportedseeingtheminquietneighborhoodsall

acrossthecountry!Usuallyconsideredshyandseldomseen,theselionsare

becomingmorenoticeable.Inaddition,thelionsappeartobemovingeast.

Theywereevenreportedinthesuburbs（郊區(qū)）ofBoston,Philadelphis,and

Chicago.

Itseemscertainthatthese"kingsofthemountains"aremoving.Why?

Scientistsarenotsure.Somethinkthatasthemountainlionpopulation

increasesthewest,youngerwildcatsareleavingthearea.Thesecatsare

searchingfornewhomesandnewplacesforfood.

"Theyoungmalesarelookingfornewhomes,"saysLynnSadler;

whoisthedirectoroftheMountainLionFoundationin