1994年全國碩士研究生入學(xué)統(tǒng)一考試英語試題

SectionI:StructureandVocabulary

PartA

Directions:

Beneatheachofthefollowingsentences,therearefourchoicesmarked[A],B),[C]and[D].Choosetheonethat

bestcompletesthesentence.MarkyouranswerontheANSWERSHEETbyblackeningthecorrespondingletterin

thebrackets.(5points)

1.BythetimeyouarriveinLondon,weinEuropefortwoweeks.

[A]shallstay

[B]havestayed

[C]willhavestayed

[D]havebeenstaying

2.Iappreciatedtheopportunitytostudyabroadtwoyearsago.

[Alhavingbeengiven

IB]havinggiven

[C]tohavebeengiven

fD]tohavegiven

3.LivinginthecentralAustraliandeserthasitsproblems,obtainingwaterisnottheleast.

[A]ofwhich

[B]forwhat

[C]as

[D]whose

4.Theheartisintelligentthanthestomach,fortheyarebothcontrolledbythebrain.

[A]notso

IBJnotmuch

[C]muchmore

[D]nomore

5.thefactthathisinitialexperimentshadfailed,Prof.Whitepersistedinhisresearch.

[A]Becauseof

(BJAsto

[C]Inspiteof

(D]Inviewof

6.JeanWagnefsmostenduringcontributiontothestudyofAfro-Americanpoetryishisinsistencethatit

inreligious,aswellasworldly,frameofreference.

[A]istobeanalyzed

[B]hasbeenanalyzed

[C]beanalyzed

[D]shouldhavebeenanalyzed

7.Themillionsofcalculationsinvolved,hadtheybeendonebyhand,allpracticalvaluebythetime

theyfinished.

[A]couldlose

[B]wouldhavelost

[C]mightlose

[D]oughttohavelost

8.Nobreadeatenbymanissosweetasearnedbyhisownlabour.

[A]one

[B]that

[C]such

ID]what

9.Itisn'tcoldenoughforthereafrosttonight,soIcanleaveJim'scaroutquitesafely.

[A]wouldbe

IB]being

[C]was

[D]tobe

10.ScientistsgenerallyagreethattheEarth'sclimatewillwarmupoverthenext50to100yearsithas

warmedinthe20,000yearssincetheIceAge.

[A]aslongas

IB]asmuchas

[C]assoonas

fD]aswellas

PartB

Directions:

Eachofthefollowingsentenceshasfourunderlinedpartsmarked[AJ,[B],[C]andID].Identifythepartofthe

sentencethatisincorrectandmarkyouranswerontheANSWERSHEETbyblackeningthecorrespondingletterin

thebrackets.(5points)

11.Similarelementsintheprehistoricremains[A]frombothareassuggest[B]thatIndiansandtheirneighbours

hadmaintainedfC]distantbutrealconnectionsever[D]before1500B.C.

12.Itsoonbecameobviously[A]thatinsteadofbeingtrained[B]tosingshewould[C]betrainedas[D]the

astronomer'sassistant.

13.Healsoconceived[A]thatthesolarsystemandtheuniversewouldcome[B]intoexistenceby[C]anatural

processandwoulddisappear[DJoneday.

14.Themoonhasamassthatisnearlyonehundredtimesless[A]thantheearth[B];inconsequence[C],theforce

of[D]gravityatthemoon'ssurfaceisonlyone-sixthofthatattheearth'ssurface.

15."TheBunsenbumerisso[A]namedbecauseitisthought[B]tobeinvented[C]byRobertBunsen,whowas

Germanby[D]birth.

16.Muchalthough[A]Ihavetraveled,Ihaveneverseenanyonetoequal[B]herinthoroughness,whatever[C]

thejob[D].

17.Theweeds[A]andtallgrassinthatyardmakes[B]thehouselook[C]asifithadbeenvacant[D]forquite

sometime.

18.Ifonly[AJthenatureoftheagingprocessis[BJbetterunderstood,thepossibilityofdiscovering[CJa

medicinethatcanblockthefundamentalprocessofagingseems[D]veryremote.

19.WhenIconsiderhowtalentedheis[A]asapainter[Bl,Icannothelpbutbelieving[C]thatthepublic[D]will

appreciatehisgift.

20.Allenhasstated[A]thathehasalwayshad[B]agreatinterest[C]andadmirationfor[D]theworkofthe

BritisheconomistKeynes.

PartC

Directions:

bestcompletesthesentence.MarkyouransweronANSWERSHEET1byblackeningthecorrespondingletterin

thebracketswithapencil.(10points)

21.Pleasedonotbebyhisbadmannerssinceheismerelytryingtoattractattention.

[A]disregarded

IB]distorted

[C]irritated

[D]intervened

22.Craigassuredhisbossthathewouldallhisenergiesindoingthisnewjob.

[A]callforth

[B]callat

[CJcallon

[D]calloff

23.ToomuchtoX-rayscancauseskinbums,cancerorotherdamagetothebody.

|A]disclosure

fB]exhibition

[C]contact

ID]exposure

24.Whenconfrontedwithsuchquestions,mymindgoes,andIcanhardlyremembermyowndateof

birth.

[A]dim

fB]blank

[C]faint

[D]vain

25.Itiswellknownthatknowledgeistheconditionforexpansionofmind.

[A]incompatible

[B]incredible

[C]indefinite

[D]indispensable

26.MorethantwohundredyearsagotheUnitedStatesfromtheBritishEmpireandbecomean

independentcountry.

[A]gotoff

[B]pulleddown

[C]brokeaway

fD]attachedto

27.Careshouldbetakentodecreasethelengthoftimethatoneisloudcontinuousnoise.

[A]subjectedto

[B]filledwith

[CJassociatedwith

[D]droppedoff

28.Someofthemostimportantconceptsinphysicstheirsuccesstothesemathematicalsystems.

[A]oblige

[B]owe

[Clcontribute

[D]attribute

29.Asyourinstructoradvised,yououghttospendyourtimeonsomethingresearchinginto.

[A]precious

[B]worth

[C]worthy

[D]valuable

30.Asadefenseagainstair-pollutiondamage,manyplantsandanimalsasubstancetoabsorbharmful

chemicals.

[A]relieve

[BJrelease

[C]dismiss

[D]discard

31.Withoutthefrictionbetweentheirfeetandtheground,peoplewouldbeabletowalk.

|A]innotime

[B]byallmeans

[C]innoway

[D]onanyaccount

32.Whiletyping,Helenhasahabitofstoppingtogiveherlongandflowinghairasmooth.

[A]occasionally

[B]simultaneously

[C]eventually

[D]promptly

33.OnereasonforthesuccessesofAsianimmigrantsintheU.S.isthattheyhavetakengreatto

educatetheirchildren.

[A]efforts

[B]pains

[C]attempts

[D]endeavours

34.Ifanymanheredoesnotagreewithme,heshouldhisownplanforimprovingthelivingconditions

ofthesepeople.

[A]puton

[B]putout

[CJputin

[D]putforward

35.Isupportyourdecision,butIshouldalsomakeitclearthatIamnotgoingtobetoit.

[A]connected

[B]fastened

[C]bound

[D]stuck

36.TheEnglishlanguagecontainsa(n)ofwordswhicharecomparativeseldomusedinordinary

conversation.

[A]altitude

[B]latitude

[D]attitude

37.Inmyopinion,youcanwidentheoftheseimprovementsthroughyouractiveparticipation.

[A]dimension

[B]volume

[C]magnitude

[D]scope

38.Yourimproperwordswillgivetodoubtsconcerningyourtrueintentions.

[A]rise

[B]reason

[C]suspicion

[D]impulse

39.Thenewsitemaboutthefireisfollowedbyadetailedreportmade.

[A]onthespot

[B]onthesite

[CJonthelocation

fD]ontheground

40.TheremarkableoflifeontheGalopagosIslandsinspiredCharlesDarwintoestablishhistheoryof

evolution.

[A]classification

[B]variety

[C]density

fD]diversion

SectionII:ClozeTest

Directions:

Foreachnumberedblankinfollowingpassage,therearefourchoicesmarked[Al,fB],[C]and[D].Choosethe

bestoneandmarkyouransweronANSWERSHEET1byblackeningthecorrespondingletterinthebracketswith

apencil.(10points)

Thefirstandsmallestunitthatcanbediscussedinrelationtolanguageistheword.Inspeaking,thechoiceof

wordsis_41_theutmostimportance.Properselectionwilleliminateonesourceof_42_breakdowninthe

communicationcycle.Toooften,carelessuseofwords_43_ameetingofthemindsofthespeakerandlistener.

Thewordsusedbythespeakermay_44_unfavorablereactionsinthelistener_45_interferewithhis

comprehension;hence,thetransmission-receptionsystembreaksdown.

_46,inaccurateorindefinitewordsmaymake47__difficultforthelistenertounderstandthe48___which

isbeingtransmittedtohim.Thespeakerwhodoesnothavespecificwordsinhisworkingvocabularymaybe

_49__toexplainordescribeina50__thatcanbeunderstoodbyhislisteners.

41.[A]of

fB]at

[C]for

[D]on

42.[A]inaccessible

[Bltimely

[C]likely

[D]invalid

43.[A]encourages

IBJprevents

[C]destroys

[D]offers

44.[A]passout

fB]takeaway[C]

backup

ID]stirup

45.[A]who

[Blas

[C]which

[D]what

46.[AlMoreover

[B]However

[CJPreliminarily[DJ

Unexpectedly

47.[A]that

IBJIt

[C]so[D]

this

48.IAJspeech

[B]sense

[C]message

ID]meaning

49.[A]obscure

[B]difficult

[CJimpossible

fD]unable

50.[A]case

fB]means

[C]method

[D]way

SectionIII:ReadingComprehension

Directions:

Eachofthepassagesbelowisfollowedbysomequestions.Foreachquestiontherearefouranswersmarked[A],

IBJ,[CJand[DJ.Readthepassagescarefullyandchoosethebestanswertoeachofthequestions.Thenmarkyour

answeronANSWERSHEET1byblackeningthecorrespondingletterinthebracketswithapencil.(40points)

Text1

TheAmericaneconomicsystemisorganizedaroundabasicallyprivate-enterprise,market-orientedeconomyin

whichconsumerslargelydeterminewhatshallbeproducedbyspendingtheirmoneyinthemarketplaceforthose

goodsandservicesthattheywantmost.Privatebusinessmen,strivingtomakeprofits,producethesegoodsand

servicesincompetitionwithotherbusinessmen;andtheprofitmotive,operatingundercompetitivepressures,

largelydetermineshowthesegoodsandservicesareproduced.Thus,intheAmericaneconomicsystemitisthe

individualstomaximizetheirincomes,thattogetherdeterminewhatshallbeproducedandhowresourcesareused

toproduceit.

Animportantfactorinamarket-orientedeconomyisthemechanismbywhichconsumerdemandscanbeexpressed

andrespondedtobyproducers.IntheAmericaneconomy,thismechanismisprovidedbyapricesystem,aprocess

inwhichpricesriseandfallinresponsetorelativedemandsofconsumersandsuppliesofferedbyseller-producers.

Iftheproductisinshortsupplyrelativetothedemand,thepricewillbebidupandsomeconsumerswillbe

eliminatedfromthemarket.If,ontheotherhand,producingmoreofacommodityresultsinreducingitscost,this

willtendtoincreasethesupplyofferedbyseller-producers,whichinturnwilllowerthepriceandpermitmore

consumerstobuytheproduct.Thus,priceistheregulatingmechanismintheAmericaneconomicsystem.

Theimportantfactorinaprivate-enterpriseeconomyisthatindividualsareallowedtoownproductiveresources

(privateproperty),andtheyarepermittedtohirelabor,gaincontrolovernaturalresources,andproducegoodsand

servicesfbrsaleataprofit.IntheAmericaneconomy,theconceptofprivatepropertyembracesnotonlythe

ownershipofproductiveresourcesbutalsocertainrights,includingtherighttodeterminethepriceofaproductor

tomakeafreecontractwithanotherprivateindividual.

51.InLine11,Paragraph1,"thedesireofindividualstomaximizetheirincomes^^means.

[A]Americansareneversatisfiedwiththeirincomes

[B]Americanstendtooverstatetheirincomes

[C]Americanswanttohavetheirincomesincreased

ID]Americanswanttoincreasethepurchasingpoweroftheirincomes

52.Thefirsttwosentencesinthesecondparagraphtellusthat.

[Alproducerscansatisfytheconsumersbymechanizedproduction

[B]consumerscanexpresstheirdemandsthroughproducers

[C]producersdecidethepricesofproducts

[D]supplyanddemandregulateprices

53.Accordingtothepassage,aprivate-enterpriseeconomyischaracterizedby.

|A]privatepropertyandrightsconcerned

[Blmanpowerandnaturalresourcescontrol

[C]ownershipofproductiveresources

54.Thepassageismainlyabout.

[A]howAmericangoodsareproduced

fB]howAmericanconsumersbuytheirgoods

[C]howAmericaneconomicsystemworks

ID]howAmericanbusinessmenmaketheirprofits

Text2

OnehundredandthirteenmillionAmericanshaveatleastonebank-issuedcreditcard.Theygivetheirowners

automaticcreditinstores,restaurants,andhotels,athome,acrossthecountry,andevenabroad,andtheymake

manybankingservicesavailableaswell.Moreandmoreofthesecreditcardscanbereadautomatically,makingit

possibletowithdrawordepositmoneyinscatteredlocations,whetherornotthelocalbranchbankisopen.For

manyofusthe“cashlesssociety“isnotonthehorizon-it'salreadyhere.

Whilecomputersoffertheseconveniencestoconsumers,theyhavemanyadvantagesforsellerstoo.Electronic

cashregisterscandomuchmorethansimplyringupsales.Theycankeepawiderangeofrecords,includingwho

soldwhat,when,andtowhom.Thisinformationallowsbusinessmentokeeptrackoftheirlistofgoodsbyshowing

whichitemsarebeingsoldandhowfasttheyaremoving.Decisionstoreorderorreturngoodstosupplierscanthen

bemade.Atthesametimethesecomputersrecordwhichhoursarebusiestandwhichemployeesarethemost

efficient,allowingpersonnelandstaffingassignmentstobemadeaccordingly.Andtheyalsoidentifypreferred

customersforpromotionalcampaigns.Computersarereliedonbymanufacturersfbrsimilarreasons.

Computer-analyzedmarketingreportscanhelptodecidewhichproductstoemphasizenow,whichtodevelopfor

thefuture,andwhichtodrop.Computerskeeptrackofgoodsinstock,ofrawmaterialsonhand,andevenofthe

productionprocessitself.

Numerousothercommercialenterprises,fromtheaterstomagazinepublishers,fromgasandelectricutilitiesto

milkprocessors,bringbetterandmoreefficientservicestoconsumersthroughtheuseofcomputers.

55.Accordingtothepassage,thecreditcardenablesitsownerto.

[A]withdrawasmuchmoneyfromthebankashewishes

[B]obtainmoreconvenientservicesthanotherpeopledo

[C]enjoygreatertrustfromthestorekeeper

fD]cashmoneywhereverhewishesto

56.Fromthelastsentenceofthefirstparagraphwelearnthat.

[A]inthefuturealltheAmericanswillusecreditcards

(B]creditcardsaremainlyusedintheUnitedStatestoday

[C]nowadaysmanyAmericansdonotpayincash

fD]itisnowmoreconvenienttousecreditcardsthanbefore

57.Thephrase“ringupsales”(Line3,Para.2)mostprobablymeans"

[A]makeanorderofgoods

IBJrecordsalesonacashregister

[C]callthesalesmanager

ID]keeptrackofthegoodsinstock

58.Whatisthispassagemainlyabout?

[A]Approachestothecommercialuseofcomputers.

(B]Conveniencesbroughtaboutbycomputersinbusiness.

[C]Significanceofautomationincommercialenterprises.

ID]Advantagesofcreditcardsinbusiness.

Text3

Exceptionalchildrenaredifferentinsomesignificantwayfromothersofthesameage.Forthesechildrento

developtotheirfulladultpotential,theireducationmustbeadaptedtothosedifferences.

Althoughwefocusontheneedsofexceptionalchildren,wefindourselvesdescribingtheirenvironmentaswell.

Whiletheleadingactoronthestagecapturesourattention,weareawareoftheimportanceofthesupporting

playersandthesceneryoftheplayitself.Boththefamilyandthesocietyinwhichexceptionalchildrenliveare

oftenthekeytotheirgrowthanddevelopment.Anditisinthepublicschoolsthatwefindthefullexpressionof

society'sunderstanding-theknowledge,hopes,andfearsthatarepassedontothenextgeneration.

Educationinanysocietyisamirrorofthatsociety.Inthatmirrorwecanseethestrengths,theweaknesses,the

hopes,theprejudices,andthecentralvaluesofthecultureitself.Thegreatinterestinexceptionalchildrenshownin

publiceducationoverthepastthreedecadesindicatesthestrongfeelinginoursocietythatallcitizens,whatever

theirspecialconditions,deservetheopportunitytofullydeveloptheircapabilities.

“Allmenarecreatedequal."We'vehearditmanytimes,butitstillhasimportantmeaningforeducationina

democraticsociety.Althoughthephrasewasusedbythiscountry'sfounderstodenoteequalitybeforethelaw,it

hasalsobeeninterpretedtomeanequalityofopportunity.Thatconceptimplieseducationalopportunityforall

children-therightofeachchildtoreceivehelpinlearningtothelimitsofhisorhercapacity,whetherthat

capacitybesmallorgreat.Recentcourtdecisionshaveconfirmedtherightofallchildren—disabledornot-toan

appropriateeducation,andhaveorderedthatpublicschoolstakethenecessarystepstoprovidethateducation.In

response,schoolsaremodifyingtheirprograms,adaptinginstructiontochildrenwhoareexceptional,tothosewho

cannotprofitsubstantiallyfromregularprograms.

59.InParagraph2,theauthorcitestheexampleoftheleadingactoronthestagetoshowthat

|A]thegrowthofexceptionalchildrenhasmuchtodowiththeirfamilyandthesociety

[B]exceptionalchildrenaremoreinfluencedbytheirfamiliesthannormalchildrenare

[C]exceptionalchildrenarethekeyinterestofthefamilyandsociety

[D]theneedsofthesocietyweighmuchheavierthantheneedsoftheexceptionalchildren

60.Thereasonthattheexceptionalchildrenreceivesomuchconcernineducationisthat.

[A]theyareexpectedtobeleadersofthesociety

IB]theymightbecomeaburdenofthesociety

[C]theyshouldfullydeveloptheirpotentials

[D]disabledchildrendeservespecialconsideration

61.Thispassagemainlydealswith

[A]thedifferencesofchildrenintheirlearningcapabilities

[B]thedefinitionofexceptionalchildreninmodernsociety

[CJthespecialeducationalprogramsforexceptionalchildren

(D]thenecessityofadaptingeducationtoexceptionalchildren

62.Fromthispassagewelearnthattheeducationalconcernforexceptionalchildren.

[A]isnowenjoyinglegalsupport

IBJdisagreeswiththetraditionofthecountry

[C]wasclearlystatedbythecountry'sfounders

[D]willexertgreatinfluenceovercourtdecisions

Text4

“Ihavegreatconfidencethatbytheendofthedecadewe'llknowinvastdetailhowcancercellsarise,"says

microbiologistRobertWeinberg,anexpertoncancer."ButJhecautions,tusomepeoplehavetheideathatonceone

infections,butitwasfiftyorsixtyyearsbeforecureswereavailable.^^

Thisyear,50percentofthe910,000peoplewhosufferfromcancerwillsurviveatleastfiveyears.Intheyear2000,

theNationalCancerInstituteestimates,thatfigurewillbe75percent.Forsomeskincancers,thefive-yearsurvival

rateisashighas90percent.Butothersurvivalstatisticsarestilldiscouraging—13percentforlungcancer,and2

percentforcancerofthepancreas.

Withasmanyas120varietiesinexistence,discoveringhowcancerworksisnoteasy.Theresearchersmadegreat

progressintheearly1970s,whentheydiscoveredthatoncogenes,whicharecancer-causinggenes,areinactivein

normalcells.Anythingfromcosmicraystoradiationtodietmayactivateadormantoncogene,buthowremains

unknown.Ifseveraloncogenesaredrivenintoaction,thecell,unabletoturnthemoff,becomescancerous.

Theexactmechanismsinvolvedarestillmysterious,butthelikelihoodthatmanycancersareinitiatedatthelevel

ofgenessuggeststhatwewillneverpreventallcancers.t€Changesareanormalpartoftheevolutionaryprocess,

saysoncologistWilliamHayward.Environmentalfactorscanneverbetotallyeliminated;asHaywardpointsout,

“Wecan'tprepareamedicineagainstcosmicrays.”

Theprospectsforcure,thoughstilldistant,arebrighter.

“First,weneedtounderstandhowthenormalcellcontrolsitself.Second,wehavetodeterminewhetherthereare

alimitednumberofgenesincellswhicharealwaysresponsibleforatleastpartofthetrouble.Ifwecanunderstand

howcancerworks,wecancounteractitsaction.^^

63.TheexampleofPasteurinthepassageisusedto.

[A]predictthatthesecretofcancerwillbedisclosedinadecade

(BJindicatethattheprospectsforcuringcancerarebright

[C]provethatcancerwillbecuredinfiftytosixtyyears

[D]warnthatthereisstillalongwaytogobeforecancercanbeconquered

64.Theauthorimpliesthatbytheyear2000,.

[A]therewillbeadrasticriseinthefive-yearsurvivalrateofskin-cancerpatients

[B]90percentoftheskin-cancerpatientstodaywillstillbeliving

[C]thesurvivalstatisticswillbefairlyevenamongpatientswithvariouscancers

ID]therewon'tbeadrasticincreaseofsurvivalrateofallcancerpatients

65.Oncogenesarecancer-causinggenes.

[B]whichremainunharmfulsolongastheyarenotactivated

[CJthatcanbedrivenoutofnormalcells

(DIwhichnormalcellscan'tturnoff

66.Theword"dormant“inthethirdparagraphmostprobablymeans.

[A]dead

[B]ever-present

[C]inactive

ID]potential

Text5

Discoveriesinscienceandtechnologyarethoughtby“untaughtminds”tocomeinblindingflashesorastheresult

ofdramaticaccidents.SirAlexanderFlemingdidnot,aslegendwouldhaveit,lookatthemoldonapieceof

cheeseandgettheideaforpenicillinthereandthen.Heexperimentedwithantibacterialsubstancesfornineyears

beforehemadehisdiscovery.Inventionsandinnovationsalmostalwayscomeoutoflaborioustrialanderror.

Innovationislikesoccer;eventhebestplayersmissthegoalandhavetheirshotsblockedmuchmorefrequently

thantheyscore.

Thepointisthattheplayerswhoscoremostaretheoneswhotakemostshotsatthegoal-andsoitgoeswith

innovationinanyfieldofactivity.Theprimedifferencebetweeninnovationandothersisoneofapproach.

Everybodygetsideas,butinnovatorsworkconsciouslyontheirs,andtheyfollowthemthroughuntiltheyprove

practicableorotherwise.Whatordinarypeopleseeasfancifulabstractions,professionalinnovatorsseeassolid

possibilities.

“Creativethinkingmaymeansimplytherealizationthatthere'snoparticularvirtueindoingthingsthewaythey

havealwaysbeendone,“wroteRudolphFlesch,alanguageauthority.Thisaccountsfbrourreactiontoseemingly

simpleinnovationslikeplasticgarbagebagsandsuitcasesonwheelsthatmakelifemoreconvenient:44Howcome

nobodythoughtofthatbefbre?^^

Thecreativeapproachbeginswiththepropositionthatnothingisasitappears.Innovatorswillnotacceptthatthere

isonlyonewaytodoanything.FacedwithgettingfromAtoB,theaveragepersonwillautomaticallysetoutonthe

best-knownandapparentlysimplestroute.Theinnovatorwillsearchforalternatecourses,whichmayproveeasier

inthelongrunandareboundtobemoreinterestingandchallengingeveniftheyleadtodeadends.

67.Whatdoestheauthorprobablymeanby“untaughtmind“inthefirstparagraph?

|A]Apersonignorantofthehardworkinvolvedinexperimentation.

fB]Acitizenofasocietythatrestrictspersonalcreativity.

[C]Apersonwhohashadnoeducation.

[D]Anindividualwhooftencomesupwithnewideasbyaccident.

68.Accordingtotheauthor,whatdistinguishesinnovatorsfromnon-innovators?

[A]Thevarietyofideastheyhave.

fB]Theintelligencetheypossess.

[C]Thewaytheydealwithproblems.

[D]Thewaytheypresenttheirfindings.

69.TheauthorquotesRudolphFleschinParagraph3because.

[A]RudolphFleschisthebest-knownexpertinthestudyofhumancreativity

fBlthequotationstrengthenstheassertionthatcreativeindividualslookfornewwaysofdoingthings

[C]thereaderisfamiliarwithRudolphFlesch'spointofview

[D]thequotationaddsanewideatotheinformationpreviouslypresented

70.Thephrase“marchtoadifferentdrummer”(thelastlineofthepassage)suggeststhathighlycreative

individualsare.

[A]diligentinpursuingtheirgoals

fB]reluctanttofollowcommonwaysofdoingthings

[C]devotedtotheprogressofscience

[D]concernedabouttheadvanceofsociety

SectionIV:English-ChineseTranslation

Directions:

ReadthefollowingpassagecarefullyandthentranslateunderlinedsentencesintoChinese.Yourtranslationmustbe

writtenneatlyonANSWERSHEET2.(15points)

Accordingtothenewschoolofscientists,technologyisanoverlookedforceinexpandingthehorizonsofscientific

knowledge.(71)Sciencemovesforward,theysay,notsomuchthroughtheinsightsofgreatmenofgeniusas

becauseofmoreordinarythingslikeimprovedtechniquesandtools.(72)“Inshort,“aleaderofthenewschool

instrumentsthatexpandedthereachofscienceininnumerabledirections.(73)Overtheyears,toolsand

technologythemselvesasasourceoffundamentalinnovationhavelargelybeenignoredbyhistoriansand

philosophersofscience.ThemodernschoolthathailstechnologyarguesthatsuchmastersasGalileo,Newton,

Maxwell,Einstein,andinventorssuchasEdisonattachedgreatimportanceto,andderivedgreatbenefitfrom,craft

informationandtechnologicaldeviceso