必修第一冊Unit6Atonewithnature知識背誦清單通關(guān)練（第一關(guān)）重點單詞精選精背儲備能量+核心詞匯之轉(zhuǎn)換詞形詞性（第二關(guān)）重點短語再現(xiàn)背誦及研磨記憶鞏固（第三關(guān)）梳理核心詞匯之轉(zhuǎn)換詞形詞性及情境研磨記憶鞏固（第四關(guān)）基本句型模仿背誦及鞏固情境研磨記憶鞏固（第五關(guān)）必備重點語法精講精練（第一關(guān)）重點單詞精選精背儲備能量v.包，裹2．n.地區(qū)，區(qū)域3．a(chǎn)dv.因此，由此4．a(chǎn)dj.淺的5．a(chǎn)dj.活的，活著的6．v.(乘船)航行7．n.氣候8．a(chǎn)dv.在(建筑物、房間)內(nèi)9．v.出版10．v.租用，租借11．a(chǎn)dj.有限的12．n.好處，益處13．a(chǎn)dj.令人愉快的14．n.系統(tǒng)15．a(chǎn)dj.陡的，陡峭的16．n.土壤17．n.莊稼，作物18．n.材料19．n.礦物，礦產(chǎn)20．n.障礙，壁壘21．n.結(jié)構(gòu)，構(gòu)造，組織22．n.盆地，低洼地23．a(chǎn)dj.宏偉的，壯麗的24．n.谷，山谷25．n.高臺，平臺26．n.海峽27．n.隧道28．n.駱駝29．n.沙漠，荒漠30．n.樹枝31．n.味，味道核心詞匯之轉(zhuǎn)換詞形詞性n.完成；結(jié)束→adj.完全的，徹底的v.完成→adv.徹底地；完全地；完整地v.阻擋，防止→n.預(yù)防；防止；防范→adj.可以預(yù)防的；可以阻止的3．n.融洽相處，和諧→adj.和諧的，融洽的，協(xié)調(diào)的；悅耳的4．v.設(shè)計→n.設(shè)計師5．v.傷害，損害→adj.有害的，導(dǎo)致?lián)p害的→adj.無害的；無惡意的6．n.農(nóng)業(yè)→adj.農(nóng)業(yè)的，耕種的；農(nóng)藝的，農(nóng)學(xué)的7．v.以……替換，更換→n.替換，更換；替代品，替換物8．n.消費者→v.消耗，耗費(燃料、能量、時間等)→n.消費；消耗，消耗量9．n.優(yōu)先處理的事，當(dāng)務(wù)之急→adj.優(yōu)先的；占先的；較重要的10．n.美，美麗→v.美化；裝飾→adj.美麗的，漂亮的11．a(chǎn)dj.內(nèi)行的，專家的n.專家→adv.熟練地，巧妙地12．n.力量，活力→adj.精力充沛的；充滿活力的（第二關(guān)）重點短語再現(xiàn)背誦及研磨記憶鞏固1．目力所及2．不辭辛苦做某事3．阻止某事發(fā)生4．與……和諧；與……一致5．與……連接；與……相聯(lián)系6．具有重要價值7．把……往下傳8．由……制成9．報名參加比賽10．沒有什么比……更好11．與……一致12．有疑問13．反省；回憶14．上市15．對……有積極的影響16．幫助某人17．把……呈現(xiàn)給某人；把……交給第三關(guān)）梳理核心詞匯之轉(zhuǎn)換詞形詞性及情境研磨記憶鞏固①preventv.阻擋，防止(教材P63)單句語法填空①Theheavyrainpreventedus________(hold)thesportsmeetingyesterday.②(2020·天津高考)Lonelinessisaserioussocialproblemthatcancontributetodepressionandevencrimes,butitcan________(prevent)inacleverway.③(2019·浙江高考)Scientistshavepaintedalongroad,red,yellowandwhitetopreventthebirds________beingkilled.④(2020·江蘇高考)AndtensofmillionsinAfricaandAsiacanseebecauseofthemitmentWilsonmadetopreventingthe________(prevent).⑤(2020·江蘇高考)TheStateCouncilreleasedGuidelinesonConductingCOVID－19________(prevent)andControlonanOngoingBasis.單句表達⑥(中國日報)昆明的警察和消防員正在努力防止大象與居民接觸。PoliceandfirefightersinKunmingareworkingto________________________________residents.答案：⑥preventtheelephantsfromingintocontactwith②harmonyn.融洽相處，和諧(教材P63)單句語法填空①(2021·天津高考3月)HenryDavidThoreauwashappytowithdrawfromsociallife,seekinga________(harmony)relationshipwithnatureinthequietnessofhislife.②Onlywhenpeoplelive________harmonywitheachothercanwehaveastablesociety.③Whenchildrengrowup,theirideasmaysometimesbeoutofharmony________theirparents'thoughts.單句表達④(朗文當(dāng)代)我確定相信不同民族有可能和諧共處。Idobelieveitispossiblefordifferentethnicgroupsto________________________.③designv.設(shè)計(教材P63)單句語法填空①________(design)JenniferAndersonadmitsittookherawhiletoearoundtotheopinionthatusingnutriafurforhercreationsismorallyacceptable.②TheSilenceMachineisadevicespeciallydesigned________(stop)unwantedsoundfromaffectingyou.③Tomlefthisschoolbagathome________designbecausehedidn'tfinishhishomework.單句表達④(牛津高階)這些手套是為嚴寒地區(qū)制造的。Thegloves________________extremelycoldclimates.④harmv.傷害，損害(教材P63)單句語法填空①(朗文當(dāng)代)Modernfarmingmethodshavedoneconsiderableharm________thecountryside.②(劍橋高階)Thisgroupofchemicalsisknowntobe________(harm)topeoplewithasthma.③(劍橋高階)YoucouldalwaysaskJimiftheyneedanymorestaffinhisoffice—there'snoharmin________(ask).一句多譯④眾所周知，吸煙有害健康。Asisknowntoall,smoking________________health.＝Asisknowntoall,smoking________________health.⑤replacev.以……替換，更換(教材P65)單句語法填空①(牛津高階)Teacherswillnever________(replace)byputersintheclassroom.②(2019·全國卷Ⅱ)Nervousnessandfearwerereplaced________joy.③(劍橋高階)Tourismhasreplacedagriculture________thenation'smainindustry.句型轉(zhuǎn)換④Noonecanreplaceherfatherinherheart.→Noonecan________________________inherheart.→Noonecan________________________inherheart.答案：④taketheplaceofherfather;takeherfather'splace⑥expertadj.內(nèi)行的，專家的(教材P68)[名師點津]expert作名詞時，近義詞還有：authority(權(quán)威人士)，specialist(專家，行家)等；作形容詞時，近義詞還有：skilled(熟練的，有技能的)，adept(內(nèi)行的，熟練的)等。單句語法填空①(柯林斯詞典)Ourteamof________(expert)willbeonhandtoofferhelpandadvicebetween12noonand7pmdaily.②(中國日報)Pickingupheadphonesand________(expert)operatingtheplexDJequipment,DongShuntao,66yearsold,isthequeenofmidnightrockatthe12BeastLabbarinChangsha,HunanProvince.單句表達③(牛津高階)他善于烹制又好吃又便宜的飯菜。He________________cookinggoodcheapmeals.⑦rentv.租用，租借(教材P69)介詞、副詞填空①Theydon'tfindanyrooms________rentatthemoment.②MrHillrentsthislandout________usat$500ayear.③(柯林斯詞典)LastsummerBrianWilliamsrented________hishouseandwentcamping.④Doeshestillliveintheflatthatwasrented________alocalfarmerthreeyearsago?單句表達⑤瑪麗以每月一千元的租金租用這套房子。Maryrentedthehouse________________1，000yuanamonth.⑧l(xiāng)imitedadj.有限的(教材P70)單句語法填空①(2021·浙江高考1月)Familiesarepressedfortime,manywithbothparentsworkingtopayfortheirhouse,oftenworkinghoursnotoftheirchoosing,livingincar－dependentneighborhoodswith________(limit)publictransport.②I'vefoundthatthepossibilitiesthatliewithinbooksare________(limit).③(劍橋高階)I'vebeenaskedtolimitmyspeech________tenminutesmaximum.單句表達④文章的長度應(yīng)該限制在400詞左右。Thelengthofthearticleshould________________400wordsorso.⑤在我看來，你們最好給這次旅行的費用定一個限度。Inmyopinion,youhadbetter________________theexpenseofyourtrip.⑨benefitn.好處，益處(教材P70)單句語法填空①(柯林斯詞典)Itcanbe________(benefit)toshareyourfeelingswithsomeoneyoutrust.②(2019·北京高考)Thestudents________(benefit)mostfromcollegearethosewhoaretotallyengaged(參與)inacademiclife.③(2019·北京高考)Forthestudents,ridingwithWilsonhasallowedthemtopletetheireducation—butaccordingtoWilson,hebenefitsjustasmuch________theexperience.④Chinahasbeenpushingthereformofpublichospitals________thebenefitofallitscitizens.一句多譯⑤每天鍛煉對健康有益處。Doingexerciseeveryday____________________health.＝Doingexerciseeveryday________________health.短語研磨passdown把……一代傳一代，使流傳(教材P63)介詞、副詞填空①(柯林斯詞典)Theofficialurgedthegovernmentnottopass________theopportunitythathasnowpresenteditself.②(劍橋高階)Iwasjustpassing________，soIthoughtI'ddropinforachat.③(中國日報)YuanLongping,renownedfordevelopingthefirsthybridricestrainthatpulledcountlesspeopleoutofhunger,passed________inahospital.④(朗文當(dāng)代)Inearlypassed________whenIsawalltheblood.單句表達⑤(朗文當(dāng)代)這個傳統(tǒng)世代相傳。________________________________fromfathertosonforgenerations.（第四關(guān)）基本句型模仿背誦及鞏固情境研磨記憶鞏固①“及物動詞＋it＋賓語補足語＋真正的賓語”句型Thecoldweathermakesitdifficultforustogrowenoughvegetablesandfruit.(教材P67)寒冷的天氣使我們很難種植足夠的蔬菜和水果。(1)常用于以上結(jié)構(gòu)的動詞有make,feel,think,consider,find等。(2)賓語補足語可以是形容詞，也可以是名詞。(3)真正的賓語可以是不定式短語、動名詞或從句。單句語法填空①(2020·浙江高考)Myparentsmadeitapointfortheirtwokids________(spend)timeoutside,nomattertheweatherorseason.②Asworkingfromhomebeesincreasinglymon,peoplearefinding________easiertobineparenthoodwithafull－timecareer.③Iconsideritnouse________(discuss)withhimaboutitanymore.單句表達④大腦越大，身體活動就越困難，消耗的能量也就越多。Thebigbrains________________forthebodytomovearoundandconsumemoreenergy.②with復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu)Today,millionsofBritsliketosaythattheyhave“greenfingers”，witharoundhalfthepopulationspendingtheirfreetimegardening．(教材P68)如今，數(shù)百萬的英國人喜歡說他們有“綠手指(意為擅長園藝)”，約有一半的英國人都把空閑時間用在打理花園上。with復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu)在句中常作原因、條件、時間、方式或伴隨狀語或后置定語。常見形式有：(1)with＋賓語＋動詞不定式(表示未做)(2)with＋賓語＋現(xiàn)在分詞(表示主動或進行)(3)with＋賓語＋過去分詞(表示被動或完成)(4)with＋賓語＋形容詞/副詞/介詞短語(表示狀態(tài))單句語法填空①(中國日報)Wegoabroadtolearnadvancedscienceandtechnology,nottopursuepersonalenjoymentoflife,soweshouldreturntoourhomeland,wheretechnologyisstilllessdeveloped,withalotofwork________(do).②Allofuswerehardatworkatthekitchentable,withmymom________(film)theannualevent.③(中國日報)Ittakesthegirl12hourstoproduceavideo,withthetimeequally________(devote)toscriptwriting,filmingandediting.單句表達④他們點著燈假裝努力工作了一整夜。Theypretendedtobeworkinghardallnight____________________．⑤(2020·浙江高考)由于附近沒有其他和我同齡的孩子，我不得不一個人待上幾個小時。________________________________________，Ihadtospendhoursbymyself.Ⅰ.單句語法填空1．Mostcollegesnowofferfirst-yearstudentsacoursespecially________(design)tohelpthemsucceedacademicallyandpersonally.2．Pollutedwaterandairare________(harm)topeople'shealth.3．(劍橋高階)Thegovernmentisunderstandablyreluctanttodoanythingwhichmightspoilthe________(harmony)relationsbetweenthecountry'sethnicgroups.4．(中國日報)AseconomicandtraderelationsbetweenChinaandNewZealandreachanewlevel,the________(agriculture)industrywillalsobeeanimportantpartofChina－NewZealandcooperation.5．(劍橋高階)I'msureheignoredyoubyaccidentandnot________design.6．(中國日報)Severalmeasuresweretakentoaddressparkingproblemsincityareas,provideeasieraccesstotrafficmanagementservices________elderlycitizens,andexpandingtherangeofonlinetrafficmanagementservices.7．Chinesewomenarenotjust________(consume)offashion—theyarecentraltoitsmovement.8．(中國日報)Shenzhenhasbeencontinuouslyimprovingitseconomicquality,withinnovationandindustrialmodernizationatthecore,ratherthan________(narrow)focusingonthepaceofgrowth.9．(牛津高階)HeknewIwas________(energy)anddynamicandwouldgetthingsdone.10．Forthosewhocanstomachit,workingoutbeforebreakfastmaybemore________(benefit)forhealththaneatingfirst.Ⅱ.選詞填空washaway;passdown;inharmonywith;turninto;checkout;asfarastheeyecansee;bepopularwith;reflecton;belocatedin;indoubt1．Thegroundflooroftheforestiswheredeadleaves________foodforthetreesandotherforestlife.2．(劍橋高階)Thatsong____________peoplefrommyfather'sgeneration.3．(牛津高階)Ineedtimeto____________whatyouoffered.4．Thelakeisverylargeandbeautiful,extending____________．5．(朗文當(dāng)代)Thelibraryallowsyouto____________sixbooksatatime.6．Whenyouare____________aboutthemeaningofaword,refertoadictionary.7．Thetraditionwas____________fromparentstochildrenforhundredsofyears.8．Withbettereducation,peoplewillbeabletobuildabettersociety____________nature.9．(牛津高階)Thecliffsarebeinggradually____________bythesea.10．(中國日報)TheSunTower_________________YangfanSquareinYantaiandwillbeopentothepublicin2023.Ⅲ.單句表達1．我一直緊跟報紙，忠實地閱讀新聞雜志，學(xué)會了真正地享受書籍，所有這些對我在廣播和電視報道方面都是無價的幫助。I'vealwayskeptupwiththenewspapers,faithfullyreadnewsmagazinesandlearnedtoreallyenjoybooks,________________havebeenaninvaluablehelptomeinradioandtelevisionreporting.2．那個坐在花園椅子上的小女孩有點不尋常。Therewassomethingunusualabouttheonewithayounggirl________________________．3．(中國日報)青海省互助土族自治縣北山森林生態(tài)系統(tǒng)日益健全，吸引著越來越多的物種返回并在那里安家。TheincreasinglyrobustecosysteminBeishanforestinHuzhuTuautonomouscounty,QinghaiProvinceisattracting______________________toreturnandmaketheirhomesthere.4.盡管圖書館仍在對外借閱圖書，但多虧了地區(qū)圖書館的合作網(wǎng)絡(luò)，你會發(fā)現(xiàn)找到你要找的東西更容易。Whilelibrariesstillloanoutbooks,you'll________________________________whateveryou'relookingfor,thankstoacooperativenetworkofarealibraries.5．我想，雖然金錢確實是美妙和必要的，但重讀一個作者的作品是讀者能付給他們的最高報酬。Iimaginethat,________________________________________，rereadinganauthor'sworkisthehighestcurrencyareadercanpaythem.（第五關(guān)）必備重點語法精講精練非謂語動詞[感悟]語法填空四謹記1．巧記三種非謂語動詞作狀語的基本區(qū)別(1)若非謂語動詞與邏輯主語之間是主動關(guān)系，且正在進行，要想到用動詞ing形式；(2)若非謂語動詞與邏輯主語之間是被動關(guān)系，且表示完成，要想到用動詞ed形式；(3)若非謂語動詞表示將來的動作，作狀語表示目的，在喜怒哀樂的形容詞后作原因或意料之外的結(jié)果等，要想到用動詞不定式形式。2．掌握非謂語動詞的句型公式It's＋形容詞＋(for/ofsb.＋)todosth.;It'snogood/use/pleasuredoingsth.;find/think/believe/consider＋it＋形容詞＋todosth.。3．牢記用動詞ing形式或動詞不定式作賓語的動詞4．巧辨謂語動詞和非謂語動詞(1)一個句子無論是主句還是從句，必須要有謂語，一般空格所在的句子中無其他動詞，則填謂語動詞。謂語動詞要考慮時態(tài)、語態(tài)和主謂一致等；(2)若句中找到了謂語動詞，而又找不到連詞(并列連詞或從句連詞)時，則所給動詞一定用非謂語動詞。非謂語動詞需要確定是動詞ing形式、動詞ed形式還是動詞不定式形式。考點三非謂語動詞作定語(一)不定式作定語1．動詞不定式作定語通常置于所修飾的名詞或代詞之后，與所修飾的詞之間構(gòu)成邏輯上的主謂或動賓關(guān)系。①Hewasthelastonetoleaveschoolyesterday.(主謂關(guān)系)他昨天是最后一個離開學(xué)校的。②Shehasalotofworktodointhemorning.(動賓關(guān)系)她早上有許多工作要做。2．當(dāng)名詞或代詞被序數(shù)詞、形容詞最高級、thelast、theonly等修飾，且非謂語動詞與其邏輯主語為主謂關(guān)系時，常用動詞不定式作定語。Heisalwaysthefirsttoarriveattheschoolandthelasttoleavetheschool.他總是第一個到校，最后一個離校。3．當(dāng)被修飾詞是表示抽象意義的名詞時，常用不定式作后置定語，且不定式常用主動形式。常見的此類名詞有ability，chance，idea，attempt，plan，way，opportunity等。Weshoulddevelopthestudents'abilitytosolveproblems.我們應(yīng)該培養(yǎng)學(xué)生解決問題的能力。(二)動詞ing形式作定語現(xiàn)在分詞作定語，分詞與被修飾的名詞之間為邏輯上的主謂關(guān)系或用來表示正在進行的動作時。Thelecture,startingat7：00p．m.lastnight,wasfollowedbyanobservationofthemoonwithtelescopes.這次演講開始于昨天晚上7點，緊接著是用望遠鏡觀看月球的活動。【名師指津】被修飾的名詞與分詞之間為被動關(guān)系且表示正在進行時，用現(xiàn)在分詞的被動式作定語。Stayawayfromhousesorbuildingsbeingbuiltorknockeddown．遠離正在建造或拆毀的房屋或建筑物。(三)動詞ed形式作定語過去分詞作定語，分詞與被修飾的名詞之間是邏輯上的動賓關(guān)系。TsinghuaUniversity,foundedin1911,ishometoagreatnumberofoutstandingfigures.始建于1911年的清華大學(xué)培養(yǎng)出了眾多杰出人物。【名師指津】作定語的不及物動詞的分詞形式有doing和done兩種。doing表示正在進行；done表示已經(jīng)完成。單句語法填空1．ThefirsteSportseventwastheone________(hold)byStanfordUniversityinthe1970s,forthegameSpacewar！[2023·麗水、湖州、衢州三地市質(zhì)量檢測]2．Asdarknessfalls,thebestplace________(witness)thecityisonthewall,whereonecan'thelpbutimaginethedistantpast.[2023·河南省高考適應(yīng)性練習(xí)]3．Inhistory,Beijing2022isthefirstGameswhereallvenues(場地)arepoweredbycleanenergyandBeijingisthefirstcityintheworld________(host)boththeSummerandWinterGames.[2023·九江市第二次模擬]4．“IthasreallygivenmethedesiretovisitChina,inparticulartoexplorethetraditionalinkartwork，”saidMarianneSimon,anMA(文學(xué)碩士)student________(major)inpublishingandcreativewritingatKingstonUniversity.[2023·河北省高考適應(yīng)性考試]5．Asamatteroffact,thereisno________(fix)waysfortheDoubleNinthcake,butsupercakeshaveasmanyasninelayers,lookinglikeatower.[2023·泰安市高考全真模擬]考點四非謂語動詞作賓語1.只能跟動詞ing形式作賓語的動詞和短語：suggest,imagine,mind,admit,practice,allow,risk,keep,keepon,avoid,escape,enjoy,consider,excuse,finish,miss,insiston,lookforwardto,feellike,getdownto,objectto等。2．只能跟不定式作賓語的動詞：agree,intend/plan,demand,promise,help,prepare,decide,refuse,choose,wish/hope,want,expect,fail,pretend,manage,determine,beg,arrange,threaten,claim，hesitate,happen等。3．既可跟動詞ing形式又可跟不定式作賓語的動詞和短語：remember，forget,regret,stop,goon,mean,start,begin,try等。如：forgettodosth.忘記要去做某事此事未做re