★醫(yī)學(xué)英語(yǔ)考博作文詞匯歸納支

(一)醫(yī)療、醫(yī)院、醫(yī)生

1、醫(yī)生

①doctormedicalworker

②physician內(nèi)科醫(yī)生

③surgeon外科醫(yī)生

④doctorincharge主治醫(yī)生

⑤intern實(shí)習(xí)醫(yī)生

⑥r(nóng)esidentdoctor住院醫(yī)生

2、醫(yī)院

①hospital

Thespecializedhospital專(zhuān)科醫(yī)院

Thegeneralhospital普通醫(yī)院

Thecommunityhospital社區(qū)醫(yī)院

Thepublichospital公立醫(yī)院

Theprivatehospital私立醫(yī)院

②clinc門(mén)診

Conventionalclinictreatment普通門(mén)診

③ward病房

(4)medicalteam醫(yī)療隊(duì)

3醫(yī)療手段

①drugtherapy藥物治療

②medicaltreatment醫(yī)療

③medicalinstruments醫(yī)療器械

④diagnose(v)診斷(n)diagnosis

⑤prevent(v)預(yù)防

⑥sterilize(v)消毒|

⑦administrateadrug給藥

⑧preventandtreatdisease(v)預(yù)防和治療疾病

⑨TCM中醫(yī)

⑩chemotherapy化療

(11)medicalservice醫(yī)療服務(wù)

(12)complainof(v)主述

(13)healthcheckup健康普查

(14)diagnosingandtreating診斷和治療

(15)consultthedoctor(v)咨詢;

4、醫(yī)療體制

(1)healthcaresystem醫(yī)療體制

(2)medicaldisputes醫(yī)療糾紛

(3)medicalaccident醫(yī)療事故

(4)therelationshipbetweendoctorsandpatients醫(yī)患關(guān)系

(5)medicalinsurancesystem醫(yī)療保險(xiǎn)體系

(6)medicalaidfund醫(yī)療救助基金

5、醫(yī)德

(1)medicalethics醫(yī)德

(2)patient-oriented以病人為核心

(3)humanistic人道主義的

(4)compassionate富于同情性的

(5)considerate體貼周到的

(6)resolute果斷的

(7)servicequality服務(wù)質(zhì)量

(8)togivetopprioritytothelivesandhealthofpeople

6、病人

(1)patient

(2)thesick

(3)theinvalid

(4)sufferer

醫(yī)學(xué)考博英語(yǔ)寫(xiě)作必記詞匯分類(lèi)(二)

必知疾病名稱(chēng)

1、患病的表達(dá)方式

(1)sufferfrom(v)

(2)contract(v)

(3)peoplewithsomedisease患病人群

(4)thepeoplesusceptibletosomedisease易感某種疾病的人

2、必知疾病名稱(chēng)

heartdisease心臟病

hypertension高血壓

kidneyproblem腎病

stroke休克

thebloodpressure血壓

diabetes糖尿病

obesity肥胖

terminalillness絕癥

incurableillness不治之癥

cancer癌癥

tumor腫瘤

cancerofearlystage癌癥晚期

emergencycase急癥

serviousillness重癥

thedifficultandcomplicatedcases疑難病

shortbreath短氣

syndrome綜合癥

complications并發(fā)癥

process病程

boneloss骨質(zhì)疏松

short-sighted(adj)近視

3、其他相關(guān)詞匯

outbreakandspending

breakout(v)疾病的爆發(fā)

spread(v)疾病的擴(kuò)散

theincidenceofcommondiseases常見(jiàn)病發(fā)生率

taboo禁忌

speedupbloodcirculation(v)

improvethecardiacfunctions(v)

sideeffects副反應(yīng)

complainof主述

4、傳染病專(zhuān)題

(1)感染源

virus病毒bacteria細(xì)菌pest害蟲(chóng)channelandmedia傳染途徑及媒介

(2)傳染疾病

somediseaseepidemic傳染性疾病plague鼠疫

influenza(簡(jiǎn))flu流感

infectioncontagion傳染病

infectiousdiseases傳染病

AIDS艾滋病

SARS

(3)傳染

epidemic(a)流行的，傳染的

blockthechanel(v)

disseminate傳播

crossinfection交叉感染

5、疾病名稱(chēng)

illness

sickness

disease

ailment

suffering

6、疾病的轉(zhuǎn)歸

(1)疾病的恢復(fù)

recoverrecovery

recuperate

resume

recruit

reinstate

(2)疾病的惡化

deteriorate

aggravate

exasperate

makeworse

worsen

醫(yī)學(xué)考博英語(yǔ)寫(xiě)作必記詞匯分類(lèi)(三)

藥物

1、藥物名稱(chēng)

medicine

drug

remedy

medicinalherbs

power

tablet

pill

2、相關(guān)詞匯

drugtherapy藥物治療

sideeffects副反應(yīng)

drugabuse藥物濫用

drugstore藥房

overthecounter非處方藥

drugallergy藥物過(guò)敏

drugpoisoning藥物中毒

prescription處方

expensesformedicine藥費(fèi)

chargesformedicine

drugrebate藥品回扣

3、藥物用法

開(kāi)藥：

prescribesomemedicineforsomediseases

writeoutaproscription

服藥

takeamedicine

治…的疾病

aremedyforsomediseases

醫(yī)學(xué)考博英語(yǔ)寫(xiě)作必記詞匯分類(lèi)（四）

心理疾病

1、心理學(xué)專(zhuān)業(yè)詞匯

subhealth亞健康

psychologicalbenefits心理健康

psychologicalproblem心理問(wèn)題

psychologicalconsultation心理咨詢

psychologicalobstacles心理障礙

mentalobstacles心理障礙

psychologicalmassage心理按摩

psychology心理學(xué)/心理

psychotherapy心理治療

psychologicalexpert心理專(zhuān)家

2、相關(guān)詞匯

questionnaire

3、情緒詞匯

overcome

disappoint

disappointed

shy,

flush

frustration

failure

willpower

optimism

optimistical

besensitiveto

nervous

tensional

sadagonypessimismpessimistic

confidentconfidence

stresspressure

depressdepressed

depressiondepressive

4、疲勞相關(guān)詞匯

fatiguetire(v)weariness(n)tired(a)exhausted(a)fatigued(a)weary

醫(yī)學(xué)考博英語(yǔ)寫(xiě)作必記詞匯分類(lèi)(五)

肥胖與營(yíng)養(yǎng)

1、營(yíng)養(yǎng)物質(zhì)

nutrient營(yíng)養(yǎng)素

protein蛋白質(zhì)

fat脂肪

glucose葡萄糖

vitamin維生素

sugar糖類(lèi)

heatcaloriesquantityofheat熱量

carbohydrate碳水化合物

softdrinkbeverage軟飲料

cholesterol膽固醇

2、營(yíng)養(yǎng)與飲食

awell-balanceddiet

nutrition營(yíng)養(yǎng)

nutritional營(yíng)養(yǎng)的

nutritious有營(yíng)養(yǎng)的

nutritionist營(yíng)養(yǎng)學(xué)家

malnutrition營(yíng)養(yǎng)失調(diào)

metabolism物質(zhì)代謝

fatfreefood

thepreparedfood熟食

grain谷物

foodshortages食品短缺

lackoffood

breakfastlunchsupper一日三餐

imbalance(n)unbalance(a)失衡

3、營(yíng)養(yǎng)失衡相關(guān)疾病

stroke;

obesity

hypertension

diabetes!

4、治療措施

dietdrug減肥藥

loseweight減肥

醫(yī)學(xué)考博英語(yǔ)寫(xiě)作必記詞匯分類(lèi)(六)

生活習(xí)慣、健康及運(yùn)動(dòng)

1、生活習(xí)慣

life-style生活習(xí)慣

adisorderofbodyandmind

aphysicalandmentaldisorder

crazytempooflife快節(jié)奏的生活

hightempooflife

beaccustomedtosth

theexercisehabit

2、運(yùn)動(dòng)與休息

amplesleep充足的睡眠

relaxoneself

takesports

physicalexercises

sportactivities

dosports

sportsground（簡(jiǎn)）gym體育場(chǎng)館

entertainment

bemore/lessphysicallyfit

sustaintheexercisehabit

constitution體質(zhì)

hormone激素

subhealth亞健康

cooperativemedicalcaresystem合作醫(yī)療體系

resistmutation防癌

immunomodu1ator免疫調(diào)節(jié)劑

enthusiasm熱情

醫(yī)學(xué)考博英語(yǔ)寫(xiě)作必記詞匯分類(lèi)（七）

醫(yī)學(xué)研究領(lǐng)域相關(guān)詞匯

1.下降、減少reduction,decrease,decline,diminution,drop,descend,go/comedown,

fall；上升、增力口rise;goup;ascend；increase;

2.禽流感H1N1flubirdflu/avianflu;食品安全foodsafety;

3.公共衛(wèi)生突發(fā)事件publichealthemergencies;應(yīng)急反應(yīng)immediateresponseto;

4.關(guān)注民生concern（focuson,payattentionto）peopleslivelihood/well-being;

5.城鄉(xiāng)衛(wèi)生體系urban-ruralmedicalandhealthsystem

6.預(yù)防保健DiseasePreventionandHealthcare,服務(wù)體系servicesystem；

7.講究衛(wèi)生payattentiontohygiene；個(gè)人和環(huán)境衛(wèi)生personalandenvironmental

hygiene

8.lite清淡的；protein-complementeddiet蛋白添加飲食；

9.preventiveinitiatives=preventivemeasures預(yù)防的措施

10.人畜共患病zoonosis=anthropozoonosis.人獸共患病，

11.蟲(chóng)媒insectpollination；蟲(chóng)媒傳染病insect-borne/arthropod-borneinfectious

disease：

12.腎病綜合征：nephrotic/renalsyndrome；

13.epidemichemorrhagicfever流行性出血熱；

14.爆發(fā)流行：breakout,explode;anepidemicoutbreakof,explosion

15.傳染：infect/infection/infectious,communicate/communicable,contagion/

contagious,transmission/transmittable；

communicable可傳達(dá)的，會(huì)傳染的，愛(ài)說(shuō)話的［醫(yī)］有傳染性的；

communicativea.健談的，愛(ài)說(shuō)話的，交際的

16.傳播途徑routeoftransmission,birdflutransmitsbyair/wind；persontoperson

transmission

17.傳播，散布：diffuse,prevalence,spread,transmit,disseminate,propagate/

propagation

18.污染pollution/pollute,contamination/contaminate

19.福祉well-being,happiness；

20.衰老growold；aging；consenescence；senility；senile

21.frombadtoworse每況愈下；akinto=similarto相似的；Purulent膿的，化膿的

22.脂肪肝fattyliver;血壓hypertension

23.腸癌CancerofRectumandColon；亞健康sub-health

24.過(guò)勞死karoshi;deathfromoverwork

25.長(zhǎng)期以來(lái)foralongtime;overtheyears

26.養(yǎng)生preserveone'shealth;nourishingoflife;keepingoodhealth

27.分類(lèi)bedividedinto=fallintothreecategories=begroupedaccordingtotheir

origin,intothreeclasses.=becategorizedaccordingto/beroughlyclassifiedinto

threekinds.

28.基本職責(zé)二basic/fundamental/essential/elementary

duties/responsibilities/obligations；

基本原則fundamentalprinciple/rule,basicruleorprinciple;

29.morals,morality,ethics均含“道德”之意。morals多用于實(shí)踐方面，指按習(xí)慣或社會(huì)

公認(rèn)的道德標(biāo)準(zhǔn)，尤指男女之間關(guān)系的道德。morality指符合道德標(biāo)準(zhǔn)的行為，或用道德

標(biāo)準(zhǔn)衡量某事，既指社會(huì)的又指?jìng)€(gè)人的道德。ethics多用于倫理方面，指符合于倫理學(xué)中

所指的好的行為，常指公平正真地對(duì)人對(duì)事的品德。

30.民眾the(general)public,themassesofthepeople,thecommonpeople；合作

者co-worker;collaborator;copartner;coagent;

31.死亡人數(shù)deathtoll,deaths,thenumberofpeoplekilledin/dyingfrom

Thedeathtollisexpectedtorise.Thedeathtollcontinuestorise.

Therehavebeenmoredeathsfromdrowning.

Howmuchisthedeathtoll?死亡人數(shù)是多少？

32.歸結(jié)為boildownto；comedownto；

歸因?yàn)?歸功于beattributableto>beattributedto、ascribeorattribute***to>

owe…to;

歸咎于layorputtheblameonsb、blame,e,on>ascribeorattribute***to、impute…

tOo

33.大規(guī)模onalargescale,extensive,large-scale,massive；大規(guī)模流行l(wèi)arge-scale

transmission,becomeapandemic,massiveattack/outbreak

34.表面上onthes