練習(xí)55閱讀理解+讀后續(xù)寫

I.閱讀理解

A

2023?新課標(biāo)11卷說(shuō)明文290詞★★★★☆

ReadingArt:ArtforBookLoversisacelebrationofaneverydayobject-thebook,representedhereinalmost

threehundredartworksfrommuseumsaroundtheworld.Theimageofthereaderappearsthroughouthistory,inart

madelongbeforebooksaswenowknowthemcameintobeing.Inartists*representationsofbooksandreading,we

seemomentsofsharedhumanitythatgobeyondcultureandtime.

Inthis“bookofbooks,“artworksareselectedandarrangedinawaythatemphasizestheseconnections

betweendifferenterasandcultures.Weseescenesofchildrenlearningtoreadathomeoratschool,withthebook

asafocusforrelationsbetweenthegenerations.Adultsareportrayed（描繪）aloneinmanysettingsand

poses-absorbedinavolume,deepinthoughtorlostinamomentofleisure.Thesescenesmayhavebeenpainted

hundredsofyearsago,buttheyrecordmomentswecanallrelateto.

Booksthemselvesmaybeusedsymbolicallyinpaintingstodemonstratetheintellect（才智），wealthorfaithof

thesubject.Beforethewideuseoftheprintingpress,booksweretreasuredobjectsandcouldbeworksofartin

theirownright.Morerecently,asbookshavebecomeinexpensiveoreventhrowaway,artistshaveusedthemasthe

rawmaterialforartworks-transformingcovers,pagesorevencompletevolumesintopaintingsandsculptures.

Continueddevelopmentsincommunicationtechnologieswereoncebelievedtomaketheprintedpage

outdated.Froma21st-centurypointofview,theprintedbookiscertainlyancient,butitremainsasinteractiveas

anybattery-powerede-reader.Toserveitsfunction,abookmustbeactivatedbyauser:thecoveropened,thepages

parted,thecontentsreviewed,perhapsnoteswrittendownorwordsunderlined.Andincontrasttoourincreasingly

networkedliveswheretheinformationweconsumeismonitoredandtracked,aprintedbookstilloffersthechance

ofawhollyprivate,"off-line“activity.

【語(yǔ)篇解讀】本文是一篇說(shuō)明文。文章主要介紹了印刷書籍和閱讀對(duì)人類的重要意義。

1.Whereisthetextmostprobablytakenfrom?

A.Anintroductiontoabook.

B.Anessayontheartofwriting.

C.Aguidebooktoamuseum.

D.Areviewofmodernpaintings.

答案與解析：A推理判斷題。根據(jù)全文內(nèi)容尤其是第一段第一句"Readz力gAH；isa

celebration...threehundredartworksfrommuseumsaroundtheworld”可知，《閱讀藝術(shù)：書籍愛(ài)好者的藝術(shù)》

這本書里展示了來(lái)自世界各地博物館的近300件藝術(shù)品，本文主要是對(duì)該書內(nèi)容的介紹。故可以推知，本

文最有可能摘自書的序言。故選A。

2.Whataretheselectedartworksabout?

A.Wealthandintellect.

B.Homeandschool.

C.Booksandreading.

D.Workandleisure.

答案與解析：C細(xì)節(jié)理解題。通過(guò)文章第二段uartworksareselectedandarrangedinawaythat

emphasizestheseconnectionsbetweendifferenterasandcultures.Weseescenesofchildrenlearningtoreadat

homeoratschool,withthebookasafocusforrelationsbetweenthegenerations.（藝術(shù)品的選擇和排歹”方式強(qiáng)調(diào)

了不同時(shí)代和文化之間的聯(lián)系。我們看到孩子們?cè)诩依锘驅(qū)W校學(xué)習(xí)閱讀的場(chǎng)景，這本書是幾代人之間關(guān)系

的焦點(diǎn)）”可知，選定的藝術(shù)品是關(guān)于書籍和閱讀的。故選C。

3.Whatdotheunderlinedwords"relateto“inParagraph2mean?

A.Understand.B.Paint.

C.Seize.D.Transform.

答案與解析:A詞句猜測(cè)題。根據(jù)畫線詞上文“artworksareselectedandarrangedinawaythatemphasizes

theseconnectionsbetweendifferenterasandcultures.Weseescenesofchildrenlearningtoreadathomeorat

school,withthebookasafocusforrelationsbetweenthegenerations.（藝術(shù)品的選擇和排列方式強(qiáng)調(diào)了不同時(shí)

代和文化之間的聯(lián)系。我們看到孩子們?cè)诩依锘驅(qū)W校學(xué)習(xí)閱讀的場(chǎng)景，這本書是幾代人之間關(guān)系的焦點(diǎn)）”

以及“Thesescenesmayhavebeenpaintedhundredsofyearsago,buttheyrecordmoments（這些場(chǎng)景可能是數(shù)百

年前繪制的，但它們記錄了一些時(shí)刻）”可推知，此處指書籍是人類之間相互聯(lián)系和理解的紐帶，故與畫線

短語(yǔ)“relateto”意思最相近的為A項(xiàng)“理解、認(rèn)識(shí)到“。故選A。

4.Whatdoestheauthorwanttosaybymentioningthee-reader?

A.Theprintedbookisnottotallyoutofdate.

B.Technologyhaschangedthewayweread.

C.Ourlivesinthe21stcenturyarenetworked.

D.Peoplenowrarelyhavethepatiencetoread.

答案與解析:A推理判斷題。通過(guò)文章最后一段"itremainsasinteractiveasanybattery-powerede-reader

（它仍然像任何電池供電的電子閱讀器一樣具有互動(dòng)性）”以及"printedbookstilloffersthechanceofawholly

private,4off-line，activity（印刷書籍仍然提供了完全私人的‘離線’活動(dòng)的機(jī)會(huì)）”可推知，本文作者提到電

子閱讀器想表達(dá)的是印刷書籍并沒(méi)有完全過(guò)時(shí)。故選A。

B

2024?濟(jì)南模擬說(shuō)明文264詞★★★☆☆

Thereisnothingquitelikeenjoyingthesights,soundsandcultureofacitywhiletastingacupofcoffee

outdoors.Butitisnotthatenjoyablewhenheatwavessweepthecity.Anoutdoorcoolingsystemproducedby

GreenKinonko,anIsraeli（以色歹U的）company,begantobetestedinTelAviv.Theswelteringcityisa

perfectplacetotrythenewtechnology.

Withglobalwarmingheatingupthetemperature,itwillsoonbetoohottositoutsideincafes.While

outdoorcoolingsystemshaveexistedforawhile,mostofthemusesomesortofwateroramistingsystemtocool

theairaroundthem,consumingtoomuchwaterandpower.Aftertwoyearsofdevelopment,theperfectsolutionto

theproblemwasfound."Wehaveinventedanewgenerationofairconditioners,“GreenKinonko'sCEOLeizer

said.

AsLeizerintroduced,theenergyisfromthepressurecreatedbetweenliquidnitrogen（氮）andgas

nitrogen.Whenliquidnitrogenat—196℃turnsintogas,itproducesaverystrongpressureandthepressureis

usedtorunamechanicalengine.Itisthemechanicalenginethatslowlyreleasesfreezingnitrogengastocooldown

theairaroundit.

Thetechnologyisuniqueandamazing.Beyondthecoolnessoftheconcept,italsohasotheradvantages.

Theworkunitdoesn'tneedtobepower-driven,anddoesn'tblowoutharmfulwarmairasitworks.Asforthe

potentialprice,itwillprobablybenomoreexpensivethananyotherairconditioner.Inaddition,theliquid

nitrogencontainerwillneedtobereplacedeveryseventotendays,dependingonusage.Thismakesitan

affordableoptionforallsortsofbusinesses.Thecoolingsystemisexpectedtobeonthemarketin2024.

【語(yǔ)篇解讀】以色列一家公司研發(fā)出了一套新型戶外冷卻系統(tǒng)，該系統(tǒng)有望在2024年面世。

5.Whatdoestheunderlinedword"sweltering“inParagraph1mean?

A.Warm.B.Dry.

C.Hot.D.Freezing.

答案與解析：C理解詞匯。根據(jù)畫線詞前面的“Anoutdoorcoolingsystem”可知，這個(gè)戶外系統(tǒng)的功能

是冷卻，因此，如果該城市是試用這個(gè)戶外冷卻系統(tǒng)的最佳城市，那么可以推測(cè)這個(gè)城市肯定很熱，故C

項(xiàng)與畫線詞的意義最為接近。

6.Whatproblemdoestheexistingoutdoorcoolingsystemshave?

A.Theyarewasteful.

B.Theyoverheateasily.

C.Theyoftenbreakdown.

D.Theyareslowtocooltheair.

答案與解析：A推斷。根據(jù)第二段中的"mostofthemusesomesortofwateroramistingsystemtocoolthe

airaroundthem,consumingtoomuchwaterandpower”可知，現(xiàn)有的戶外冷卻系統(tǒng)會(huì)消耗太多的水電，由此可

以推斷，它們比較浪費(fèi)，故A項(xiàng)正確。

7.WhatdoesParagraph3mainlyexplain?

A.Whatpowerstheengine.

B.Whatturnsliquidintogas.

C.Howthepressureisformed.

D.Howthenewsystemworks.

答案與解析：D推斷。根據(jù)第三段中的"theenergyisfromthepressure...itproducesaverystrongpressure

andthepressureisusedtorunamechanicalengine...releasesfreezingnitrogengastocooldowntheairaroundit”

可知，第三段主要解釋了該新型冷卻系統(tǒng)的整個(gè)運(yùn)行原理，故D項(xiàng)正確。

8.Whatisthepurposeofthistext?

A.Topromoteacompany.

B.Tosettleanenergycrisis.

C.Tointroduceatechnology.

D.Tomarketamistingsystem.

答案與解析：C理解目的。本文第一段中的"Anoutdoorcoolingsystem...begantobetestedinTelAviv^^

點(diǎn)明文章主題；第二段講述了現(xiàn)有的戶外冷卻系統(tǒng)的問(wèn)題；第三段講述了這種新型冷卻系統(tǒng)的工作原理；

第四段講述了這種新型冷卻系統(tǒng)的優(yōu)勢(shì)和前景。由此可知，本文的目的是介紹一種新技術(shù)，故C項(xiàng)正確。

II.讀后續(xù)寫

閱讀下面材料，根據(jù)其內(nèi)容和所給段落開(kāi)頭語(yǔ)續(xù)寫兩段，使之構(gòu)成一篇完整的短文。

[2024-江蘇南京六校聯(lián)合調(diào)研]Walkingonthestreet,thebittercoldofaDecemberdayinWashington,D.C.

wasruiningmymood.ThetemperaturewasbelowzerosoIduckedintothesubwaystation,hopingtogetwarm.

WarmthcametomybodyasIsettledontoabenchwithacupofhotcoffee.NowIwasreadytorelaxanddo

someseriouspeople-watching.Inoticedahomelessmanseatednearby.Thepleasantsmellofdeliciousfoodfrom

thesubwayfoodcourt（餐飲區(qū)）wastemptingmetoconsideranearlydinner.Fromthelonginglookinmy

neighbor'seyesitwasobviousthathe,too,noticedthegoodsmell.Iwonderedhowlongithadbeensincehehad

eatenanything,expectinghewouldapproachmeforahandout（施舍）.Butheneverdid.Myheadandheartwere

battlingitout:theformertellingmetomindmyownbusiness,andthelatterurgingmetomakeanimmediatetrip

tothefoodcourtforhim.

Whilethisinnerdebatewasfierce,awell-dressedyoungcouplesuddenlyapproached."Excuseme,sir,“

beganthehusband."Wejustfinishedeatingandourappetitewasn'tasbigaswethought.Wehatetowastefood.

Canyouhelpusoutandputthistogooduse?”Thekindstrangerhandedalargecontainerwithfood."Thank

you.^^camethegratefulreply.FeelinggoodaboutwhatIhadseen,butdisappointedbymyownlackofaction,I

observedmyneighbor'sresponsetohissuddengoodfortune.

Heliftedthesoup,cuppinghishandsaroundthesteamingbowl.Itwasobviousthathewasgoingtoenjoythis

miraclemeal.Heopenedhismouthandsuddenly,hestopped.

Thereasonforthisunexpectedbehaviorsoonbecameclear.Enteringthehallwasanewarrival,inhis

seventies,hatlessandgloveless.Hislightweightjacketwasapoorprotectionagainstcold.Hisfaceandhandswere

redanddamaged.Peoplearoundfocusedonhimwithpityandwhisperedatthissadsight.

注意：1.續(xù)寫詞數(shù)應(yīng)為150左右；

2.請(qǐng)按如下格式作答。

Myneighborwastheonlyonetakingaction.

TearsblurredmyvisionwhenIwenttobuyfoodatthefoodcourt.

Onepossibleversion：

Myneighborwastheonlyonetakingaction.Quicklypullingasidehismiraclemeal,myneighborleapedup

andguidedtheelderlymantosharetheseat.Numbwithcold,theoldmandidn'texpectedtheinvitation,moving

clumsily.Hardlyhadheseatedhimselfwhenmyneighbortenderlyputhisdownjacketovertheolderman's

shoulders,slippinghisarmsintosleeves.Finally,hesaid,“Canyouhelpmeout?”，pointingtothemealand

placingthesteamingcupofsoupinthestranger*shands.Seeingthis,myheadandheartstoppedbattlingandIhad

mydecision.

TearsblurredmyvisionwhenIwenttobuyfoodatthefoodcourt.Whatmyneighboursaidexactlyspoke

mymind.Withregret,Ifeltobligedtodothesame.Respectfullyandcautiously,Iapproachedthemwithsteaming

soupandasandwich.Peoplearoundcastanapprovingsmile

inmydirection.^Canyouhelpmeout?”Iasked."Whynot?”headdedjokingly.ctButonlyifyougo