Adverbials狀語(2)

adverbs副詞phrases短語infinitives不定式participles分詞absolutestructures獨(dú)立主格結(jié)構(gòu)ProperUseof

Adverbials1.Anadverbisusuallyputbeforethemainverb.However,anadverboftengoesafteralinkverbwhenitisthemainverb.Andifthereisanauxiliaryverbormoreinasentence,anadverbisusuallyputafterthefirstauxiliaryverb(助動(dòng)詞).1)Chinesepeopletraditionally

lovesmagpies.

2)Heis

oftenlate.3)Theyshould

continually

seekthegreatmeaningandvalueoflife.Positionsofadverbs

2.Theadverbsreferringtosmallerandshorterrangesareusuallyplacedbeforethelongerones,iftwoormoreadverbsarestucktogether.

e.g.:1)I’llmeetyouatfiveo’clocktomorrow.2)Helivesatasmallvillageinanortherncity.3.Thefollowingorderissuggestedifadverbswithdifferentfunctionsareusedinthesamesentence.“how”“where”“when”

e.g.:1)Iwentthere︱atonce.(placebeforetime)2)Shesangperfectly︱inthetownhall︱lastnight.

(mannerbeforeplacebeforetime)

However,withverbsofmovementlikecome,go,arrive,itismorenaturaltoputaplaceadverbialbeforeamanneradverbial.HewenttoJapan︱byair.

Manyphrasescanbeusedasadverbialsreferringtotime,causes,conditions,concession,purposes,andexceptionsetc.e.g.:

1)Hemadethedecisionwithoutregardtocreatingenemies(=althoughitmaycreateenemies).

2)OnarrivinginLondon(=AssoonasIarrivedinLondon),IvisitedDr.West.Phrases各式短語

Infinitivesaremostlyusedtoexpresspurposesandresultswhenusedasadverbialstomodifypredicateverbs(謂語動(dòng)詞)orthemainclause.

e.g.:

1)Toconquer,youmustbelieveyoucan.

要想征服，首先要相信你能征服。2)Heiscrazytotakesucharisk.

他真是瘋了，敢去冒這個(gè)險(xiǎn)。。Infinitives不定式目的狀語結(jié)果狀語Participlesasadverbials

≈

adverbialclausesstartedbyas,when,after,if,thoughorsomeotherconjunctions

e.g.:1)Thethreekidsbouncedaroundinthebackseat,

laughingandchattering(=whiletheylaughedandchattered).

仨孩子在后座蹦跳著，一邊大笑一邊嚷嚷。2)ManyoftheoldHutongsofBeijingdisappeared,

replaced

(=astheywerereplaced)bywideboulevards(林蔭大道)andskyscrapers.

北京很多的老胡同都消失了，取而代之的是寬闊的林蔭大道

和摩天大樓。Participles分詞

e.g.:Thepavilionstandsnearaspring,itsshadow

reflectingclearlyinthewater

(=whileitsshadowreflectsclearlyinthewater).那座亭子坐落于泉水附近，它的影子清晰地倒映在水面上。2)Hisreputationruined(=Becausehisreputationwasruined),Sandyhadtomoveoutofthetown.

桑迪的名聲毀了，他不得不搬離這座小城。

absolutestructures獨(dú)立主格結(jié)構(gòu)V.-ingparticiplesV.-edparticiplesnoun+subject(主動(dòng)/正在進(jìn)行)(被動(dòng)/已經(jīng)完成)

absolutestructures獨(dú)立主格結(jié)構(gòu)V.-ingparticiplesV.-edparticiples(主動(dòng)/正在進(jìn)行)(被動(dòng)/已經(jīng)完成)subjectnoun

+V.-ingparticiplesWith+V.-edparticiplesnoun+1)Thepavilionstandsnearaspring,(with)itsshadowreflectingclearlyinthewater.2)(With)hisreputationruined,Sandyhadtomoveoutofthetown.伴隨情況1.PorcelainfounditswaytoEuropeinthe15thcentury,_________animportantpositionintheexchangesbetweenChinaandothercountries.A)occupyB)occupyingC)occupied2.________asenseofspace,Chinesegardendesignershaveadoptedavarietyofmethodstoarrange,organizeandcreatespace.

A)EnhancingB)ToenhanceC)Enhance3.InOcto