選擇性必修第三冊(cè)Unit3EnvironmentalProtectionPeriod1ReadingandThinking001預(yù)習(xí)導(dǎo)學(xué)Ⅰ單詞認(rèn)讀關(guān)(先填后記誦)一、基礎(chǔ)詞匯記其形1.

____________

vt.

&

n.

排放；釋放；發(fā)布2.

____________

vt.

維持；遭受；承受住3.

____________

adj.

可持續(xù)的；合理利用的4.

____________

adj.

全部的；所有的；詳盡的5.

____________

adv.

遍及全球地

adj.

世界各地的；影響全世界的6.

____________

n.

趨勢；趨向；動(dòng)向7.

____________

adv.

頻繁地；經(jīng)常8.

____________

n.

政策；方針；原則9.

____________

vt.

限制；限定；束縛10.

________

vi.

&

vt.

改革；（使）改正；改造

n.

改革；變革；改良11.

____________

adj.

適度的；中等的；溫和的

vi.

&

vt.

緩和；使適中12.

____________

vt.

&

vi.

提交；呈遞；屈服13.

____________

adj.

每年的；一年的

n.

年刊；年鑒14.

____________

adj.

敏感的；善解人意的；靈敏的二、核心詞匯記中變1.starvevi.&vt.(使)挨餓；餓死→____________n.餓死→____________adj.極餓的2.habitableadj.適合居住的→____________adj.不適宜居住的3.sustainvt.維持；遭受；承受住→____________adj.可持續(xù)的；合理利用的→____________n.持續(xù)性；能維持性4.frequentadj.頻繁的；時(shí)常發(fā)生的v.常去，常到→____________adv.頻繁地；經(jīng)?！鷂___________n.頻率；頻繁5.restrictvt.限制；限定；束縛→____________n.限制規(guī)定；限制法規(guī)；約束→____________adj.受限制的6.harmonyn.協(xié)調(diào)；和睦；融洽→____________adj.和諧的7.moderateadj.適度的；中等的；溫和的vi.&vt.緩和；使適中→____________n.適度；適中；合理8.submitvt.&vi.提交；呈遞；屈服→____________n.提交(物)；呈遞(書)；屈服9.annualadj.每年的；一年的n.年刊；年鑒→____________adv.每年地10.smogn.煙霧(煙與霧混合的空氣污染物)→____________adj.煙霧彌漫的11.originn.起源；源頭；起因→____________adj.最初的；原始的→____________adv.最初；起初→____________vi.&vt.起源；發(fā)源；創(chuàng)立三、閱讀詞匯識(shí)其義1.

graph

____________________2.

emission

____________________3.

melt

____________________4.

starve

____________________5.

seal

____________________6.

ecology

____________________7.

methane

____________________8.

carbon

____________________9.

dioxide

____________________10.

carbondioxide

____________________11.

habitable

____________________12.

fossil

____________________13.

fuel

____________________14.

fossilfuel

____________________15.

broadcast

____________________16.

footprint

____________________17.

restriction

____________________18.

seize ____________________19.

basin

____________________20.

penguin

____________________21.

undergo

____________________22.

implement ____________________23.

harmonious

____________________24.

tropical

____________________25.

chaos

____________________26.

onbehalfof

____________________27.

nuclear

____________________28.

jungle

____________________29.

smog

____________________30.

originate ____________________Ⅱ語塊記誦關(guān)(先填后記誦)1 ____________________正在融化的冰2 ____________________為……提供依據(jù)/證據(jù)3 ____________________急劇變化4 ____________________皮包骨5 ____________________吸收熱量6 ____________________維系生命7 ____________________大量的8 ____________________化石燃料9 ____________________付出巨大的代價(jià)10 ____________________持久的變化11 ____________________制定政策12 ____________________抓住機(jī)會(huì)13 ____________________規(guī)劃；安排14 ____________________因果Ⅲ.佳句賞析關(guān)(先賞后譯)ThereislittledoubtthatEarthisgettingwarmerandwarmer.____________________________________________________________________________________________Expertsclaimedthatlowsea-icelevelscausedbyclimatechangemeantthebearcouldnothuntsealsasbefore,soithadtotravelgreaterdistancesinordertofindfood.____________________________________________________________________________________________002語篇理解Step1Pre-reading1.What’shappeninginthevideo?Whereisit?2.Whatcausesthisphenomenon?Step2While-readingTask1:Fastreading1.Lookatthetitleandgraphofthepassage,Whatkindofreadingpassageisit?Howdoyouknow?2.Whatisthegraphabout?Whatinformationcanyougetfromit?3.Findthekeysentenceofeachparagraphandsummarizethemainideaofeachpart.Task2:Readfordetails1.ReadPara1-2andanswerthequestions:Whathappenedtothepolarbearinthephoto?Whydidthewriterwriteaboutit?Whatevidenceofclimatechangecanyoufindinthesetwoparagraphs?Findthecauseandeffectthatcanshowhowclimatechangehasinfluencedthepolarbear’slife?2.ReadPara3andfindinformationabout“greenhouseeffect”.3.ReadPara4andsortoutthetextinformationrelationship.4.ReadPara5andanswerthequestions:Howcanindividualsreduce“carbonfootprint”?Whatistheauthor’spurposeofwritingthistext?Step3Post-reading1.Doyouthinkclimatechangeistheresultofhumanactivity?Giveyourreasons.2.Whodoyouthinkshouldtakeresponsibilityfordealingwithclimatechange?Whatcanwedo?Step4HomeworkSearchforsomerulesandregulationssetupbythegovernmentandexplainthecoreideaasmuchaspossiblenextperiod.003語言學(xué)習(xí)Part1核心詞匯1.starvevi.&vt.(使)挨餓；餓死→starvationn.饑餓；餓死→starvingadj.極餓的【用法歸納】starvetodeath餓死bestarvingforsth渴望某物bestarvingtodosth渴望做某事dieof/fromstarvation餓死【學(xué)以致用】單句語法填空/補(bǔ)全句子①Whatshockedthescientistswasthatmanysealsdiedfrom__________(starve)becausetheycouldn’tfindenoughfoodtoeat.②I__________________studyEnglishwell，becausemasteringEnglishmeanswecanseetheworldthroughanewwindow.我渴望學(xué)好英語，因?yàn)檎莆沼⒄Z意味著我們可以通過一個(gè)新窗口看世界。2.seizevt.抓?。粖Z??；控制；理解【用法歸納】seizesbbythearm抓住某人的胳膊seizeachance/anopportunity抓住機(jī)會(huì)表情感的名詞＋seizesb＝sbbeseizedwith/by＋表情感的名詞，表示“某人感到……”【學(xué)以致用】猜測詞義/補(bǔ)全句子①Janewasquicktoseizethemeaningofwhattheteachersaidatthemeeting.vt._________②Giventhatyoudon’tgetalongwellwithoralEnglish，___________________________________________________________________.(建議信)鑒于你口語不好，我強(qiáng)烈建議你抓住每個(gè)機(jī)會(huì)說英語。③ThemomentIsawmyfather’scloudyface，____________________________________________________.我一看到父親陰云密布的臉，就感到恐懼。3.submitvt.&vi.提交；呈遞；屈服→submissionn.提交(物)；呈遞(書)；屈服【用法歸納】submitsthtosb將某物提交給某人submit(oneself)to屈從于……【學(xué)以致用】單句語法填空/補(bǔ)全句子①Inspiteofchallengesandhardshipsinmydailylife，Ideclinetosubmit________them.②And_______________________________________________Englishcorner@126.combeforeMay30，2023.記得在2023年5月30日前將你的論文提交到Englishcorner@126.com。4.onbehalfofsb代表(代替)某人【用法歸納】onone’sbehalf代表某人representsb代表某人standfor代表，象征【學(xué)以致用】一句多譯代表學(xué)生會(huì)，我寫信邀請(qǐng)您下周三下午3點(diǎn)到5點(diǎn)給我們做講座。(邀請(qǐng)信)____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________Part2核心句型ThereislittledoubtthatEarthisgettingwarmerandwarmer.毫無疑問，地球正變得越來越溫暖。The“natural”greenhouseeffectreferstothefactthatheatfromthesunenterstheatmosphereandwarmsEarth’ssurfaceasshort-waveradiation.“天然”溫室效應(yīng)指的是來自太陽的熱量以短波輻射的形式進(jìn)入大氣層，使地表變暖?！揪涫椒治觥客徽Z從句：大多由從屬連詞_____引導(dǎo),常常跟在order,report,wish,decision,suggestion,belief,doubt,fact,hope,message,news等抽象名詞的____，一般用來解釋或說明這些名詞的具體含義或內(nèi)容?！緦W(xué)以致用】Theyexpressedthehope_______theywouldcomeovertoChinasoon.Wordhascome_______someAmericanguestswillcometoourcollegeforavisitnextweek.Hecan’tanswerthequestion_______hegotthemoneyfromhishomeyesterday.Doyouhaveanyidea_______isactuallygoingonintheclassroom?Theproblem________weshouldhavethemeetinginthehallnowmustbedecidedatonce.Awarmingoceanandatmospherealongwithmeltingiceandrisingsealevelsprovideevidenceofadramaticchangeintheglobalclimate.海洋和大氣變暖，以及冰層融化、海平面上升，都為全球氣候急劇變化提供了依據(jù)?！揪涫椒治觥縜longwith連接前后兩個(gè)主語時(shí)，謂語動(dòng)詞應(yīng)和________那個(gè)主語保持一致，即“就遠(yuǎn)原則”?！緦W(xué)以致用】Alibrarywithfivethousandbooks_________(offer)tothenationasagift.Allbutone_____(be)herejustnow.WeChat,aswellasDingTalk,__________(play)animportantpartindailycommunicationnowadays.Anexpertwhohasstudiedpolarbearsformanyyearssaidthatfromthepositionofitsdeadbody,thebearappearedtohavestarvedanddied.一位長期研究北極熊的專家說，從尸體的姿勢看，這只像是餓死的?！揪涫椒治觥縄amreallysorrytohavegivenyousomuchtrouble.Hewasbelievedtohavebeenareporter.Iexpecttohavereadthebookbytheweekend.Imeanttohavecalledyoulastnight.動(dòng)詞不定式完成時(shí)Expertsclaimedthatlowsea-icelevelscausedbyclimatechangemeantthebearcouldnothuntsealsasbefore,soithadtotravelgreaterdistancesinordertofindfood.專家稱，氣候變化導(dǎo)致的海冰面降低意味著北極熊無法像以前那樣捕食海豹，于是它只能長途跋涉去尋找食物?！揪涫椒治觥縞ausedbyclimatechange在句中作____________?！緦W(xué)以致用】Pricesofdailygoods__________(buy)throughacomputercanbelowerthanstoreprices.Theprizeofthegameshowis$30,000andanall-expense-______(pay)vacationtoChina.Thedisco,digitallyrecordedinthestudio,________(sound)fantasticatthepartynow.Greenhousegasesintheatmosphere,suchasmethaneandcarbondioxide,trapsomeoftheheat,keepingEarth’sclimatewarmandhabitable.大氣層中甲烷、二氧化碳等溫室氣體吸收了部分熱量，從而使地球保持氣候溫暖、適宜居住?！揪涫椒治觥縱-ing短語在句子中作__________。【學(xué)以致用】___________(consider)thereasonsmentionedabove,weshouldtakeeffectivemeasurestoprotectourenvironment.Theleaderstayedupallnight,_________(think)ofwhattodothenextday.____________________(notreceive)herreply,hedecidedtosendanothere-mailtoher.Thereisstrongandcomprehensiveevidencethattheriseintemperaturehasledtoanincreaseinextremeweatherandnaturaldisastersworldwide,notonlycausingseriousdamage,butalsocostinghumanlives.確鑿、全面的證據(jù)表明，溫度上升導(dǎo)致全球極端天氣和自然災(zāi)害增多，不僅造成嚴(yán)重破壞，而且使人喪命?！揪涫椒治觥縖構(gòu)詞法]“-wide”表示“……范圍內(nèi)的（地）”statewide_________________countrywide_______________industrywide_______________004隨堂小練Part1單詞的形式變化和詞形轉(zhuǎn)換1.Onlywhenwepracticespeaking，reading，andwritingEnglish_________(frequent)canitbeupgradedtoahigherlevel.2.Withthemoderatemeasures，wewouldbuilda_________(harmony)societyinthefuture.3.Weasindividualscanalsoreduceour“carbonfootprint”by_________(restrict)theamountofcarbondioxideourlifestylesproduce.4.Greatchangeshavetakenplacesinceourcountry_________(reform)in1978.5.Itwasbuilt_________(origin)toprotectthecityintheTangdynastyandhasnowbeencompletelyrestored.(2021·全國甲卷)6.Itwaswrittenin1946，sincewhentheeducationsystem_________(undergo)greatchanges.7.Toourshock，manychildreninunderdevelopedregionsdieof_________(starve).8.Haveyousubmittedyourproposals？Dokeepinmindthatthefinaldateforthe_________(submit)isMay15.Part2課文語法填空CLIMATECHANGEREQUIRESTHEWORLD’SATTENTIONWehaveknownaboutclimatechange__________decades.Thereislittledoubt__________Earthisgettingwarmerandwarmer(seethegraph).Awarmingoceanandatmospherealongwithmeltingiceand__________(rise)sealevelsprovideevidenceofa__________(drama)changeintheglobalclimate.In2013,alotofpeoplewereshockedbyanewsphotoofadeadpolarbearthat__________(find)onNorway’sArcticislandofSvalbard.Accordingtothescientistswhofounditsdeadbody,all__________remainedofthepolarbearwas“skinandbones”.Anexpertwhohasstudiedpolarbearsformanyyearssaid__________fromthepositionofitsdeadbody,thebearappeared__________(starve)anddied.Expertsclaimedthatlowsea-icelevels__________(cause)byclimatechangemeantthebearcouldnothuntsealsasbefore,soithadtotravel__________(great)distancesinordertofindfood.This__________(alarm)caseshowedhowtheincreaseintemperaturehadanimpactonEarth’secology.Thenwhatiscausingtheincreaseintheglobalaveragesurfacetemperature?Climatescientistsoftenmentionakeyclimateprocesscalledthe“greenhouseeffect”__________hastwocommonmeanings:the“natural”greenhouseeffectandthe“man-made”greenhouseeffect.The“natural”greenhouseeffectrefers__________thefactthatheatfromthesunenterstheatmosphereandwarmsEarth’ssurfaceasshort-waveradiation.Theheat__________(release)backintospaceatlongerwavelengths.Greenhousegasesintheatmosphere,suchasmethaneandcarbondioxide,trapsomeoftheheat,keepingEarth’sclimatewarmand__________(habit).__________thisprocess,Earthcouldnotsustainlife.However,the“man-made”greenhouseeffecthasnowbecomeabigproblem.Whenpeopleproducehugeamountsofextragreenhousegasesbyburningfossilfuels,moreheatenergy__________(trap)intheatmosphereandcausesEarth’ssurfacetemperature__________(rise)quickly.Thereisstrongandcomprehensiveevidence__________theriseintemperaturehasledtoanincreaseinextremeweatherandnaturaldisastersworldwide,notonlycausingseriousdamage,butalso__________(cost)humanlives.Climatescientistshavewarnedthat__________wedonottakeappropriateactions,thiswarmingtrendwillprobablycontinueandtherewillbeahigherprice__________(pay).Infact,newsreportsarefrequentlybroadcastaboutextremerainstormsandheatwavescausingdeathsand__________(economy)losses.Continuedgreenhousegasemissionswillresultin__________(far)warmingandlong-lastingchangestotheglobalclimate.Thisrequirestheattentionofpeopleallovertheworld.Governmentsneedtoconsider__________(make)policiesandtakingappropriateactionsandmeasurestoreducegreenhousegasemissions.We__________individualscanalsoreduceour“carbonfootprint”byrestrictingtheamountofcarbondioxideourlifestylesproduce.Itisour__________(responsible)toseizeeveryopportunity__________(educate)everyoneaboutglobalwarming,alongwithitscausesandimpacts,becausethisisthemostseriousissue__________(affect)allofusonthisplanet.Sowhatwillyoudotohelp?005培優(yōu)提升一、完形填空Globalsurfacetemperatureslastmonthwere2.25degreeswarmerthanthe20thcenturyaverageof60.1degrees,breakingpreviousrecords,fromAugust2016,bymorethanhalfadegree,accordingtoNOAAresearchers.“Thattomeisareallyhuge1fromonerecordtothenext,”saidEllenBartow,aphysicalscientistwithNOAA’sNationalCentersforEnvironmentalInformation.Thereport2whatmillionsofpeoplehaveexperiencedinrecentmonths,includingrecord-breakingheatwavesthathavetouchedalmosteverycorneroftheglobe.Asia,Africa,NorthAmericaandSouthAmericahadtheirwarmestAugustonrecord,asdidtheArctic,EuropeandOceania—aregionthat3Australia—hadtheirsecond-warmestAugustonrecord,thereportsaid.Itwasn’tjustthelandthat4:Augustsetarecordforthehighestmonthlyseasurfacetemperatureabnormally—1.85degreesaboveaverage.Thewarmingoceans5shrinkingseaice,withAntarcticaexperiencingitsfourthcontinuousmonthwiththe6seaiceextentonrecord.Globally,seaiceextentinAugustwasabout550,000squaremileslessthanthepreviousrecordlow,setinAugust2019.“We’veseenunheard-ofwarmthintheglobalocean,andthat’sdefinitelyalarmingbecauseitseffects7beyondjustthescopeoftheocean,”Bartow-Gilliessaid.“Notonlyareyou8marinehabitats,butyouareaffectingstormcreation,you’recreatingmoreinstabilityinsomeareas,andyou’recreatingfloodingeventsinotherareas.There’sawholehostof9thatcomealongwiththesewarmeroceansurfacetemperaturesthatwe’reseeing.”Infact,thereportcomesafteraseriesofseverenatural10thatspantheglobe.Thisweek,aMediterraneanstormcausedseriousfloodinginLibya,killingmorethan11,000people.InCanada,wildfiresburnedthroughmorethan42millionacresofforeststhissummer,andseveralarestillburning.11globalwarmingwasnotthesingularcauseofanyofthesedisasters,heatingoftheEarthcontinuesto12thelikelihoodofextremeweathereventsandwildfireworldwide.“Thescientificevidenceis13—wewillcontinuetoseemoreclimaterecordsandmoreintenseandfrequentextremeweathereventsimpactingsocietyandecosystems,untilwestop14greenhousegases,”readastatementfromSamanthaBurgess,deputydirectoroftheEuropeanUnion’sCopernicusClimateChangeService,whichalso15thatthissummerwasthehottestonrecord.1．A．distance B．jump C．travel D．flight2．A．confirms B．emerges C．quotes D．a(chǎn)rgues3．A．holds B．touches C．surrounds D．includes4．A．boiled B．cooled C．stricken D．disappeared5．A．contributedto B．sufferedfrom C．resultedfrom D．devotedto6．A．slowest B．lowest C．highest D．fastest7．A．enlarge B．discharge C．extend D．undertake8．A．creating B．saving C．remaining D．disturbing9．A．issues B．debates C．events D．proposals10．A．floods B．disasters C．storms D．earthquakes11．A．Though B．Because C．Unless D．When12．A．damage B．destroy C．decrease D．increase13．A．irresistible B．unchangeable C．inaccessible D．unbearable14．A．conveying B．releasing C．relieving D．dismissing15．A．predicted B．expected C．doubted D．determined一、語法填空1.閱讀下面短文，在空白處填入1個(gè)適當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~或括號(hào)內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。Nature’sLungsWeknowthattreesarenature’spurifier(凈化器):Theyabsorbcarbonemissions(碳排放)andreleaseoxygen.Buttheir16

(able)todothatchangesastheyage.AccordingtoNewsweek,trees17

areatleast20yearsoldcanabsorbcarbonbetterthanyoungeronesandolderones.AndarecentstudybyresearchersfromSouthKorea’sForestResearchInstitute18

(find)exactlyhowmuchcarbonthateach25-year-oldcherrytreecanabsorb:20pounds(9.1kilograms)eachyear.Accordingtothestudy,thereare19

(current)about1.5millioncherrytreesinSouthKorea,whichmeanstheycantakeinasmuchas13,650tonsofcarboneachyear.Thismaysoundlikealot,20

it’sonlytheannualemissi