專升本英語(閱讀理解)模擬試卷4

閱讀理解

Readingisthoughttobeakindofconversationbetweenthereader

andthetext.Thereaderputsquestions,asitwere,tothetextandgets

answers.

Inthelightoftheseheputsfurtherquestions,andsoon.

Formostofthetimethis\

1.Readingasakindofconversationbetweenthereaderandthetext

becomesconsciousonlywhen.(B)

A.thereader'sexpectationsagreewithwhatissaidinthetext

B.thereaderhastroubleunderstandingwhattheauthorsays

C.thereaderasksquestionsandgetsanswers

D.thereaderunderstandsatextverywell

解析:文章第二段Formostofthetimethis"conversation“goeson

belowthelevelofconsciousness.Attimes,however,webecomeaware

ofit.Thisisusuallywhenwearerunningintodifficulties,when

mismatchisoccurringbetweenexpectationsandmeaning.止匕題的關(guān)鍵

是讀出attimes相當(dāng)于題目中的when。

2.Atalowerlevelofcomprehension,readerstendto.(D)

A.readatextslowly

B.readwithoutthinkinghard

C.interpretatextintheirownway

D.concentrateonthemeaningofwordsonly

解析：文章第三段Somestayveryclosetothewordsonthepage.故選

Do

3.A\(A)

A.theapplicationofreadingstrategies

B.matchingourexpectationswiththemeaningofatext

C.thedevelopmentofourabilitytocheckthedetails

D.determiningthemainideaofatext

解析：文中第四段Wecallthisa^process^conversationasopposedtoa

“content“conversation.Itisconcernednotwithmeaningbutwiththe

strategies(策略)weemployinreading.這里的關(guān)鍵是讀出it指代的是

processo

4.Accordingtothepassage,itisofgreatimportanceforreadersata

higherleveltomaintainabalancebetween.(C)

A.consciousandunconsciouslevelsofcomprehension

B.thereaders'expectationsandthemeaningofatext

C.lowerandhigherlevelsofcomprehension

D.interpretingandcriticizingatext

解析：文章第三段Thelatterrepresentshigherlevelsof

comprehension.Thebalancebetweentheseisimportant,especiallyfor

advancedreaders.這里的advancedreader即是題目中的readersata

higherleveL

5.Ifwewanttodevelopourreadingabilityatanadvancedlevel,we

should.（A）

A.learntousedifferentapproachesinreadingdifferenttexts

B.makeourreadingprocessmoreconscious

C.paymoreattentiontothecontentofatext

D.takeacriticalattitudetowardstheauthor'sideas

解析:文章最后一段最后一句Itispreciselythiskindofconversation

thatisofimportancewhenweareseekingtodevelopourreadingto

meetthenewdemandsbeingplaceduponusbystudyingatahigher

level.故A對(duì)。

Thereisnodenyingthatstudentsshouldlearnsomethingabout

howcomputerswork,justasweexpectthematleasttounderstandthat

theinternal-combustionengine（內(nèi)燃機(jī)）hassomethingtodowith

burningfuel,expandinggasesandpistons（活塞）beingdrive.Forpeople

shouldhavesomebasicideaofhowthethingsthattheyusedowhat

theydo.Further;studentsmightbehelpedbyacoursethatconsiders

thecomputer'simpactonsociety.Butthatisnotwhatismeantby

computerliteracy.Forcomputerliteracyisnotaformofliteracy（讀寫能

力）；itisatradeskillthatshouldnotbetaughtasaliberalart.

Learninghowtouseacomputerandlearninghowtoprogramone

aretwodistinctactivities.Acasemightbemadethatthecompetent

citizensoftomorrowshouldfreethemselvesfromtheirfearof

computers.Butthisisquitedifferentfromsayingthatalloughttoknow

howtoprogramone.Leavethattopeoplewhohavechosen

programmingasacareer,whileprogrammingcanbelotsoffun,and

whileoursocietyneedssomepeoplewhoareexpertsatit,thesameis

trueofautorepairandviolin-making.

Learninghowtousecomputerisnotthatdifficult,anditgetseasier

allthetimeasprogramsbecomemore\

6.Theauthor'spurposeinwritingthispassageis.(B)

A.tostresstheimpactofthecomputeronsociety

B.toexplaintheconceptofcomputerliteracy

C.toillustratetherequirementforbeingcompetentcitizensof

tomorrow

D.toemphasizethatcomputerprogrammingisaninterestingand

challengingjob

解析：通讀全文可知，作者主要講述的是使用計(jì)算機(jī)能力的一些內(nèi)容,

A、C、D所述均不正確，只有B項(xiàng)是作者的寫作目的所在。

7.Accordingtotheauthor,thephrase\(C)

A.asetofrules

B.thefundamentalofcomputerscience

C.specificprograms

D.generalprinciplesofprogramming

解析：由文章最后一句Onecanonlyteachpeopletousethisorthat

programandgenerallythatiseasilyaccomplished.可知選Co

8.Learningtouseacomputerisgettingeasierallthetime

because.(B)

A.programsarebecominglesscomplicated

B.programsaredesignedtobeconvenienttousers

C.programmingisbecomingeasierandeasier

D.programsarebecomingreadilyavailabletocomputerusers

解析：Learninghowtousecomputerisnotthatdifficult,anditgets

easierallthetimeasprogramsbecomemore〃user-friendly".止匕題的關(guān)鍵

是理解"user-friendly〃的意思，〃對(duì)用戶友好的，容易使用的〃。故選B。

9.Inthesecondparagraph\(D)

A.programmingacomputerisasinterestingasmakingaviolin

B.oursocietyneedsexpertsindifferentfields

C.violin-makingrequiresasmanyskillsascomputerprogramming

D.peoplewhocanuseacomputerdon'tnecessarilyhavetoknow

computerprogram

解析：thesameistrueofautorepairandviolin—making,在這里用auto

repair和violin—making分別指代使用電腦和懂得編程的人。

10.Tobethecompetentcitizensoftomorrow,peopleshould.(C)

A.trytolayasolidfoundationincomputerscience

B.beawareofhowthethingsthattheyusedowhattheydo

C.learntouseacomputerbyacquiringacertainsetofskills

D.understandthatprogrammingacomputerismoreessentialthan

repairingacar

解析：根據(jù)第二段Learninghowtouseacomputerandlearninghowto

programonearetwodistinctactivities.Acasemightbemadethat

thecompetentcitizensoftomorrowshouldfreethemselvesfromtheir

fearofcomputers.可知C正確。

Psychologyandsociologyarebothcategorizedassocialsciences,

andbothstudyhumanbehavior.However;psychologyisthestudyof

individualbehavior,whereassociologyisthestudyofgroupbehavior.

Psychologydealswiththepossibleproblemsanindividualmight

haveinsocialinteractionwithotherindividuals,butthemainconcernof

sociologyisthewaysthatdifferentsocietieswithdifferentculturesdeal

witheachother.

Sociologyasksandtriestoanswerquestionslikethese:whydoes

onesocietyprogressrapidlyandanotheroneremainprimitivefor

centuries?Whatisthemainreasonforrevolutioninasociety?Whatis

theroleofreligionorartinasociety?

Psychologyasksandtriestoanswerquestionslikethese:whydoes

anindividualadapteasilytoachangingenvironmentandanother

individualbecomementallydisturbed?Whatarethecausesofantisocial

behavior?Whatroledoesreligionorartplayinanindividual'smental

andemotionallife?

Psychologyandsociologyoftenworktogetherintheirstudyof

humanbehavior.Itisassumedthatbybetterunderstandingindividual

motivationandbehavior,morewillbelearnedaboutgroupmotivation

andbehavior.Thereverseisalsoassumed:ifscientistscanlearnmore

aboutsocialgroups,theywilllearnmoreaboutindividuals.

ll.WhichofthefollowingstatementsisNOTtrue?(B)

A.Bothpsychologyandsociologystudyhumanbehavior.

B.Mentalproblemsshouldbedealtwithbyasociologist.

C.Sociologyisthestudyofgroupbehavior.

D.Psychologypaysmoreattentiontoindividualsthantogroups.

解析：文章第—段psychologyisthestudyofindividualbehavior,

whereassociologyisthestudyofgroupbehavior和Psychologydeals

withthepossibleproblemsanindividualmighthaveinsocialinteraction

withotherindividuals可知A、C^D正確,mentalproblem足psychology

所研究的對(duì)象，故選B。

12.Awordwhichcantaketheplaceof\(C)

A.consequence

B.result

C.opposite

D.implication

解析：由文章最后一段最后兩句Itisassumedthatbybetter

understandingindividualmotivationandbehavior,morewillbelearned

aboutgroupmotivationandbehavior.Thereverseisalsoassumed：if

scientistscanlearnmoreaboutsocialgroups,theywilllearnmoreabout

individuals.可知，這兩句講的是相互對(duì)立的兩個(gè)方面，故reverse前

后假設(shè)的條件和結(jié)果正好相反。故C對(duì)。

13.Accordingtotheauthor,.(A)

A.psychologyandsociologybenefitfromeachother'sresearch

B.toomuchemphasisonpsychologymaycausesocialproblems

C.thestudyofgroupbehavioristheinterestofpsychologists

D.differentsocietieswithdifferentculturescannotgetalongwell

解析：由文章的第四段Psychologyandsociologyoftenworktogetherin

theirstudyofhumanbehavior…及其后面的內(nèi)容可知，研究個(gè)體對(duì)團(tuán)體

的行為研究有利，而研究團(tuán)體也對(duì)個(gè)體的行為研究有利。因此選A。

14.Whichofthefollowingquestionsistheconcernofpsychology?(C)

A.Whatistheroleofreligionorartinasociety?

B.Whatisthemainreasonforrevolutioninasociety?

C.Whatarethecausesofantisocialbehavior?

D.Whydoesonesocietyprogressmorerapidlythananother?

解析：文章第三段Psychologyasksandtriestoanswerquestionslike

these：...Whatarethecausesofantisocialbehavior?講的都是心理學(xué)所

涉獵的內(nèi)容，所以選C。A、B、D項(xiàng)所述都是社會(huì)學(xué)研究的內(nèi)容。

15.Whatwouldbeanappropriatetitleforthispassage?(A)

A.PsychologyandSociology

B.IndividualandGroup

C.HumanBehaviorStudy

D.MainConcernsofSocialSciences

解析：文章第一段講了心理學(xué)和社會(huì)學(xué)的定義及區(qū)別，第二段重點(diǎn)講

社會(huì)學(xué)，第三段重點(diǎn)講心理學(xué)，最后一段講兩者之間的合作互利。故

A對(duì)。

CanalsexistedinEgyptthousandsofyearsago.Thegreatcanalat

Babylonwasbuiltabout2000B.C..TheGrandCanalofChina,whichis

over900mileslong,wasbegunabout2500yearsago,andtook

centuriestofinish.Duringtheseventeenthcentury,Francebuiltmany

canalsthatarestillinusetoday.However,theyarenotsoheavily

traveledastheywereahundredyearsago,beforerailwayswerebuilt.

Onesuchcanalisashort-cutbetweentheAtlanticOceanandthe

Mediterranean.CanalsinGermanypermitboatstogofromtheBlackSea

totheNorthSea.TheKielCanalprovidesapassagewaybetweenthe

NorthSeaandtheBaltic.InAmerica,theGreatLakesareallconnected

bycanals,enablingshipstogofromtheAtlanticOceanandtheSt.

LawrenceRivertoLakeSuperior.

Itisimpossibletoanswerthequestion,\

16.Themainpurposeoftheauthorinwritingthispassageismost

probablyto.(C)

A.discussthedevelopmentofcanalsintheworld

B.introducethehistoryofimportantcanalsintheworld

C.illustratetheusefulnessofcanals

D.suggestthenecessitytomakebetteruseofcanals

解析：文章列舉了運(yùn)河在歷史上和現(xiàn)今的地位和作用，故C正確。

17.WhichofthefollowingstatementsisNOTTRUEaccordingtothis

passage?(A)

A.Boatstravelfasterinthecanalthanintheriver.

B.Canalsmakethevoyageofshipsshorter.

C.Canalsarestillusedforthedeliveryofgoods.

D.Canalsprovideameansofcheaptransportationeventoday.

解析：只有A是文中沒有提到的。

18.ltisimpliedinthepassagethatthefirstcanalwasprobably

built.(C)

A.inChina

B.about2000B.C.

C.forirrigation

D.forboattravel

解析：文章第二段Perhapssomepeoplelongago,livinginadrycountry,

discoveredthattheycoulddigditchestoirrigatetheirfieldswithriver

water.可知C。

19.Accordingtothispassage,canalsinEuropewerebuiltprimarily

for.(A)

A.transport

B.irrigation

C.drainage

D.electricity

解析：由文章第一段第五句However,theyarenotsoheavilytraveledas

theywereahundredyearsago,beforerailwayswerebuilt.和第二段最

后一句Acanaljoiningtworiversprovedbotheasyandtime-savingfor

boattravel可知A對(duì)。

2O.Whichofthefollowingpairsofplaceshasnotyetbeenconnectedby

canal?(D)

A.TheNorthSeaandtheBlackSea.

B.TheAtlanticOceanandtheMediterraneanSea.

C.TheNorthSeaandtheBaltic.

D.TheBlackSeaandtheBaltic.

解析：文章第一段Onesuchcanalisashort-cutbetweentheAtlantic

OceanandtheMediterranean.CanalsinGermanypermitboatstogo

fromtheBlackSeatotheNorthSea.TheKielCanalprovidesa

passagewaybetweentheNorthSeaandtheBaltic.這里提到了The

NorthSeaandtheBlackSea,TheAtlanticOceanandtheMediterranean

Sea,TheNorthSeaandtheBaltic.但沒有TheBlackSeaandthe

Baltic.故選Do

Psychologyandsociologyarebothcategorizedassocialsciences,

andbothstudyhumanbehavior.However,psychologyisthestudyof

individualbehavior,whereassociologyisthestudyofgroupbehavior.

Psychologydealswiththepossibleproblemsanindividualmighthavein

socialinteractionwithotherindividuals,butthemainconcernof

sociologyisthewaysthatdifferentsocietieswithdifferentculturesdeal

witheachother.

Sociologyasksandtriestoanswerquestionslikethese:whydoes

onesocietyprogressrapidlyandanotheroneremainprimitivefor

centuries?Whatisthemainreasonforrevolutioninasociety?Whatis

theroleofreligionorartinasociety?

Psychologyasksandtriestoanswerquestionslikethese;whydoes

anindividualadapteasilytoachangingenvironmentandanother

individualbecomementallydisturbed?Whatarethecausesofantisocial

behavior?Whatroledoesreligionorartplayinanindividual'smental

andemotionallife?

Psychologyandsociologyoftenworktogetherintheirstudyof

humanbehavior.Itisassumedthatbybetterunderstandingindividual

motivationandbehavior,morewillbelearnedaboutgroupmotivation

andbehavior.Thereverseisalsoassumed:ifscientistscanlearnmore

aboutsocialgroups,theywilllearnmoreaboutindividuals.

21.WhichofthefollowingstatementsisNOTtrue?(B)

A.Bothpsychologyandsociologystudyhumanbehavior.

B.Mentalproblemsshouldbedealtwithbyasociologist.

C.Sociologyisthestudyofgroupbehavior.

D.Psychologypaysmoreattentiontoindividualsthantogroups.

解析：文章第一段psychologyisthestudyofindividualbehavior,

whereassociologyisthestudyofgroupbehavior和Psychologydeals

withthepossibleproblemsanindividualmighthaveinsocialinteraction

withotherindividuals可知A、C^D正確,mentalproblem是psychology

所研究的對(duì)象，故選B。

22.Awordwhichcantaketheplaceof