PAGE第5講介詞和介詞短語專題訓(xùn)練對(duì)應(yīng)學(xué)生用書P031Ⅰ.單句語法填空1．Myparentsandteachersweresurprised________mybadperformance.解析句意：我父母和老師對(duì)我不好的表現(xiàn)感到很驚異。besurprisedat為固定短語，意為“對(duì)……感到驚異”。答案at2．Nowadays,millions________lonelysinglesarenowgoingonline.解析句意：現(xiàn)在，數(shù)以百萬計(jì)的感到孤獨(dú)的單身人士正在上網(wǎng)。millionsof為固定結(jié)構(gòu)，意為“數(shù)以百萬計(jì)的”。答案of3．OnSaturdaymorning,theydecidedtoclimbthemountainbythemselveswhiletheirparentsrelaxedatthecampsite.Afterthreehours,theyreachedthetop________noproblem.解析句意：在周六的早晨，他們確定當(dāng)他們的父母在營(yíng)地休息時(shí)，他們獨(dú)自去爬山。3個(gè)小時(shí)后，他們輕易地到達(dá)了山頂。withnoproblem意為“輕易地”。答案with4．Oceancurrentschanged________theclimateandprobablyledthefishintodifferentareas.解析句意：洋流隨氣候改變而改變，并可能會(huì)把魚帶到不同的區(qū)域。with表示伴隨，意為“隨著”。答案with5．Awoman,sittingnexttotheboy,discoveredhewas________aschooltripandwastoldtomeethisteacheratthebusstop.解析句意：緊挨著那個(gè)男孩兒坐著的一位女士發(fā)覺他正在參與學(xué)校組織的旅游，他被告知要在公交站和他的老師會(huì)合。ona．..trip為固定短語，意為“在旅行”。答案on6．LasVegasisaveryexcitingcity________greathotels,finerestaurantsandevencasinos.解析句意：拉斯維加斯是一個(gè)令人興奮的城市，那里有很大的賓館，高檔的餐廳甚至有賭場(chǎng)。本題考查介詞。with表示伴隨，意為“有”。答案with7．Manypeoplewholivealongthecoastmakealiving________fishingindustry.解析句意：許多住在海邊的人們靠漁業(yè)為生。表示“在……行業(yè)”用介詞in。答案in8．Themothercontinuedtocarefortheyoungpanda________morethantwoyears.解析句意：熊貓媽媽會(huì)接著照看幼崽兩年多。表示一段時(shí)間的名詞前用介詞for。答案for9．WhenyoudrivethroughtheRedwoodForestsinCalifornia,youwillbe________treesthatareover1,000yearsold.解析句意：當(dāng)你駕車穿過加利福尼亞的紅杉林時(shí)，你會(huì)置身在那些樹齡超過1000年的樹木之間。among“在……當(dāng)中；為……所圍繞”，符合語境。答案among10．AsQueenElizabethinherNewYearSpeechof2024putsit,formany,theideaof“home”reaches________aphysicalbuildingtoahometown,acityoranation.解析句意：正如伊麗莎白女王在2024年新年演說中所說的，對(duì)許多人來說，“家”的概念超越了一個(gè)有形的建筑，它是一個(gè)城鎮(zhèn)、一個(gè)城市或一個(gè)國(guó)家。beyond“超過，超越”。答案beyondⅡ.單句改錯(cuò)(每小題僅有1處錯(cuò)誤)1．Hehaswrittentwobooksandnowhetravelsconstantlytotalktopeoplewithhislife.________________解析talktosb.aboutsth.“與某人談?wù)撃呈隆保枪潭ㄓ梅?，故with改為about。答案with→about2．Ibelieveinthisschoolruleisbeneficialtoeverystudent.________________解析句意：“我”信任這個(gè)學(xué)校規(guī)定對(duì)每一個(gè)學(xué)生都是有益的。believe后接賓語從句，believein表示“信任”不符合句意，故去掉believe后的介詞in。答案去掉in3．EverytimeIlookatthepicturesforwhichItook,Iwillrememberthewater,thebridgesandthehouses.________________解析句意：每次看到我拍攝的照片，我都會(huì)記起那里的水、橋和房子?！癴orwhichItook”為定語從句，先行詞為thepictures，將先行詞代入定語從句后可知先行詞在定語從句中作took的賓語，需用which而非forwhich引導(dǎo)，故將for刪除。答案去掉for4．Lastyear,Itookpartacharityconcert,whichwasorganizedbyseveralcommunitiestosupportanon-profitorgnization.________________解析句意：去年，我參與了一場(chǎng)慈善音樂會(huì)，該音樂會(huì)是幾個(gè)社區(qū)為了贊助一個(gè)非營(yíng)利性組織而舉辦的。takepartin為固定短語，故在part后加in。答案part后加in5．Thephenomenonthatpeoplearetooaddictedintheirmobilephonesisbecomingmoreandmorepopular.________________解析句意：人們過于沉溺于手機(jī)這種現(xiàn)象正變得越來越普遍。beaddictedto為固定短語，意為“沉溺于……；對(duì)……上癮”。故將in改為to。答案in→to6．Onsuchcoldweather,westayedwithheruntiltheambulancecametothescene.________________解析句意：在那么寒冷的天氣里，我們始終和她待在一起直到救援車到達(dá)現(xiàn)場(chǎng)。英文中表示“在……的天氣里”要用介詞in而非on，故將On改為In。答案On→In7．Lastsummerholidaymyunclecametovisitus.Atthefirstdayofhisvisit,wewentoutwithoneofmyfather'sfriendsforlunchatanoutdoorcafé.________________解析依據(jù)句意可知，本處是指“在我叔叔來的第一天”。在詳細(xì)的某一天要用介詞on，故將At改為On。答案At→On8．TwoforeignEnglishteacherswereinvitedtoactlikejudges.________________解析actas是固定短語，意為“充當(dāng)；擔(dān)當(dāng)”。答案like→as9．At8am，wegatheredthefootofDaqingMountainandsetoutforthetopinhighspirits.________________解析句意：在上午八點(diǎn)，我們?cè)诖笄嗌缴侥_下集合，然后心情高漲地向山頂挺進(jìn)。gather作“集合”講，為不及物動(dòng)詞，后面需用介詞短語作地點(diǎn)狀語，故在thefoot前加at。答案thefoot前加at10．Underourhelp,allthebookswerefreefromtherain.________________解析句意：在我們的幫助下，全部的書都沒被雨淋。withone'shelp為固定搭配，意為“在某人的幫助下”。故將Under改為With。答案Under→WithⅢ.語法填空Inthechemistrylab,because__1__astudent'scarelessness，thetubecrackedandtheliquidinitcausedafireonthetable.Fortunately，heputitout__2__timeatlast.Infact，itiscommontohavesomesmallaccidentscaused__3__carelessness.Iusedtoenjoycooking，soIalwayssoughtachancetocook.However，thedesireled__4__anaccident.OnceIstayed__5__homealone.Idecidedtocook.IputallthefoodIneeded__6__apot.ThenIhadtowait__7__ittoboil.Inordertokillthewaitingtime，IwenttowatchTV.OnlyinafewminuteswasIfascinatedbyawonderfulprogramme.ItwasabouthalfanhourlaterthatIrememberedmyfood.Iturned__8__thecookerimmediatelybutunfortunatelythefoodranover__9__thepot.Iwasblamedandhadtocleanthekitchen.Soweshouldpayattention__10__everythingwearedoingtoavoidaccidents.1．________2.________3.________4．________5.________6.________7．________8.________9.________10．________答案與解析【語篇解讀】本文為記敘文。作者通過自己的經(jīng)驗(yàn)告知讀者在日常生活中應(yīng)當(dāng)?shù)教幃?dāng)心以免發(fā)生意外。1．of設(shè)空處后的中心詞為名詞carelessness，設(shè)空處前為because，由此可推斷設(shè)空處填of。becauseof是介詞短語，意為“由于”。2．in句意：幸運(yùn)的是，最終他剛好將火撲滅了。intime“剛好”。3．by句意：事實(shí)上，由于馬虎而導(dǎo)致一些小事故很常見。by意為“被；由”。本句中“caused...”作定語，修飾accidents。4．to句意：然而，這種欲望卻導(dǎo)致了一次事故。leadto是動(dòng)詞短語，意為“導(dǎo)致”。5．a(chǎn)t句意：一次我獨(dú)自待在家里。stayathome為固定短語，意為“待在家里”。6．into句意：我將我所須要的全部食物都放進(jìn)一口鍋里。o...“將……放進(jìn)……”。7．forwaitfor為固定短語，意為“等待”。8．offturnoff“關(guān)閉(煤氣、電路等)”。9．fromrunoverfrom...“從……中溢出”。10．topayattentionto為固定短語，意為“留意”。Ⅳ.短文改錯(cuò)HearthatMcDonald'sChinesebusinesschangeditscompany'snamefromMaidanglaotoJingongmen,whichmeansgoldenarches,IwassurprisedbutIsaid“no”toit!Howterribleandfashionable!IwassurfedtheInternetandfoundmanynetuserstalkingaboutitheated.Ialsofoundthefollowinginformations：“GoldenArchesisthesymbolforMcDonald's.Originally,realarcheswerepartoftherestaurantdesign.GoldenArches,acurrentlogo,likean‘M’for‘McDonald's’．”Now,Icanacceptthenewname.DoyoustillthinkJingongmenissoridiculousasitwas?答案與解析eq\o(Hear,\s\do14(①Hearing))thatMcDonald'sChinesebusinesschangeditscompany'snamefromMaidanglaotoJingongmen,whichmeansgoldenarches,Iwassurprisedeq\o(but,\s\do14(②and))Isaid“no”toit!Howterribleandeq\o(fashionable,\s\do14(③unfashionable))！IsurfedtheInternetandfoundmanynetuserstalkingaboutiteq\o(heated,\s\do14(⑤heatedly)).Ialsofoundthefollowingeq\o(informations,\s\do14(⑥information))：“GoldenArchesisthesymboleq\o(for,\s\do14(⑦of))McDonald's.Originally,realarcheswerepartoftherestaurantdesign.GoldenArches,eq\o(a,\s\do14(⑧the))currentlogo,eq\o(∧,\s\do14(⑨is))likean‘M’for