Lesson40Who'swho真假難辨、Ithasneverbeenexplained（whyuniversitystudentsseemtoenjoypracticaljokesmorethanelse.主語(yǔ)從句）Studentsspecializeinaparticulartypeofpracticaljoke:thehoax.誰(shuí)也弄不清為什么大學(xué)生好像比任何人都更喜歡惡作劇。大學(xué)生擅長(zhǎng)一種特殊的惡作劇——戲弄人。practical(adj.)實(shí)踐的，實(shí)際的，實(shí)用的eg.apracticalEnglishdictionary一本實(shí)用的英語(yǔ)詞典practicalway/method實(shí)用的方法practicaljoke惡作劇practice(n.)實(shí)踐，練習(xí)special(adj.)特殊的specialize(vi.)專門從事，專攻，專注于specializein專門從事（payspecialattentiontosth.）eg.他專攻于東方歷史。HespecializesinOrientalHistory.這家店專賣巧克力。Thisshopspecializesincholocates.這家飯店專賣海鮮。Thisrestaurantspecializesinseafood.specialist(n.)專家hoax(n.)報(bào)假警，騙局eg.消防員到達(dá)現(xiàn)場(chǎng)發(fā)現(xiàn)只是個(gè)騙局。Thefiremanarrivedatthesceneonlytodiscoverthatitwasahoax.2、Invitingthefirebrigadetoputoutanonexistentfireisacrudeformofdeception（whichnoself-respectingstudentwouldeverindulgein.定語(yǔ)從句）Studentsoftencreateamusingsituations（whicharefunnytoeveryoneexceptthevictims.定語(yǔ)從句）請(qǐng)消防隊(duì)來(lái)?yè)錅缫粓?chǎng)根本沒(méi)有的大火是一種低級(jí)騙局，有自尊心的大學(xué)生決不會(huì)去做。大學(xué)生們常常做的是制造一種可笑的局面，使大家笑上一場(chǎng)，當(dāng)然受害者是笑不出來(lái)的。deception（n.）——deceive(v.)欺騙eg.他被發(fā)現(xiàn)因欺騙獲利犯了罪。Hewasfoundguiltyofobtainingmoneybydeception.crude(adj.)未經(jīng)加工的，天然的，未經(jīng)提煉的eg.crudeoil原油crudesalt粗鹽粗陋的，粗糙的eg.acrudewoodenbridge一座粗糙的木橋acrudesketch一幅素描草圖indulgein放縱，縱情享受eg.不要沉迷于電腦游戲。Don’tindulgeinthecomputergames.他們太放縱孩子了。Theyindulgetheirchildtoomuch.我今天不減肥了，我要縱情享受美食。Ishallforgetaboutdietingtoday,Iamgoingtoindulgeinfood.3、（Whenastudentrecentlysawtwoworkmenusingapneumaticdrilloutsidehisuniversity,時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句）heimmediatelytelephonedthepoliceandinformedthem（thattwostudentsdressedupasworkmenweretearinguptheroadwithapneumaticdrill.賓語(yǔ)從句）最近有個(gè)學(xué)生看見(jiàn)兩個(gè)工人在學(xué)校門外用風(fēng)鉆干活，馬上打電話報(bào)告警察，說(shuō)有兩個(gè)學(xué)生裝扮成工人，正在用風(fēng)鉆破壞路面。pneumaticdrill充氣鉆感官動(dòng)詞的表達(dá)：see/notice/watchsb.do/doingrmsb.ofsth.=tellsb.sth.告知某人某事eg.Hetoldmethenews.=Heinformedmeofthenews.dress：被動(dòng)的結(jié)構(gòu)，表主動(dòng)的意思bedressedin穿著bedressedupin盛裝打扮bedressedupas打扮成…角色4、Assoonashehadhungup,hewentovertotheworkmenandtoldthem（thatifapolicemanorderedthemtogoaway,theywerenottotakehimseriously.賓語(yǔ)從句/條件狀語(yǔ)從句）Headded（thatastudenthaddressedupasapolicemanandwasplayingallsortsofsillyjokesonpeople.賓語(yǔ)從句）Boththepoliceandtheworkmenweregratefultothestudentforthispieceofadvanceinformation.掛上電話后，他又馬上來(lái)到工人那兒，告訴他們?nèi)粲袀€(gè)警察來(lái)讓他們走開(kāi)，不要把他當(dāng)回事，還對(duì)工人說(shuō)，有個(gè)學(xué)生常裝扮成警察無(wú)聊地同別人開(kāi)玩笑。警察與工人都對(duì)那個(gè)學(xué)生事先通報(bào)情況表示感謝。Assoonas一…就…(時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句)ordersb.todosth.命令某人做某事be+todosth.打算做某事，應(yīng)該做某事，允許做某事eg.她打算下個(gè)月出國(guó)。Sheistogoabroadnextmonth.他問(wèn)應(yīng)該把書放在哪里。Heaskedwherehewastolaythebooks.沒(méi)有警察的允許，任何人不能離開(kāi)這座大樓。Noonewastoleavethisbuildingwithoutthepermissionofpolicemen.takesth.seriously認(rèn)真對(duì)待，重視eg.許多學(xué)生重視數(shù)學(xué)。Ahugenumberofstudentstakemathsseriously.澳大利亞人重視游泳。Australiantakeswimmingseriously.allsortsof各種各樣的=allkindsof=arichvarietyof=variousplayjokesonsb.開(kāi)…玩笑begratefultosb.對(duì)…感激advance(adj.)預(yù)先的，事先的dosth.inadvance提前做某事5、Thestudenthidinanarchwaynearby（wherehecouldwatchandheareverything[thatwenton.定語(yǔ)從句）定語(yǔ)從句]Sureenough,apolicemanarrivedonthesceneandpolitelyaskedtheworkmentogoaway.Whenhereceivedaveryrudereplyfromoneoftheworkmen.Hethreatenedtoremovethembyforce.那個(gè)學(xué)生躲在附近一拱形的門廊里，在那兒可以看見(jiàn)、聽(tīng)到現(xiàn)場(chǎng)發(fā)生的一切。果然，警察來(lái)了，不禮貌地請(qǐng)工人離開(kāi)此地；但其中一個(gè)工人粗魯?shù)鼗亓藥拙?。于是警察威脅要強(qiáng)行使他們離開(kāi)。hidehidhidden躲藏，隱藏scene（舞臺(tái)上的）場(chǎng)景，幕eg.Thefirstsceneoftheplayistheking’spalace.這部戲的第一幕是國(guó)王的宮殿。（現(xiàn)實(shí)生活中的）場(chǎng)景eg.thehorrificsceneaftertheearthquake事發(fā)地點(diǎn)eg.thesceneoftheaccident事故發(fā)生地thesceneofthecrime犯罪現(xiàn)場(chǎng)記者在幾分鐘內(nèi)就到達(dá)了事發(fā)地。Thejournalistarrivedatthescenewithinseveralminutes.asksb.todosth.叫某人做某事asksb.forsth.向某人索要某物asksb.aboutsth.向某人詢問(wèn)某事6、Theworkmentoldhimtodo（ashepleased方式狀語(yǔ)從句）andthepolicemantelephonedforhelp.Shortlyafterwards,fourmorepolicemenarrivedandremonstratedwiththeworkmen.工人說(shuō)，悉聽(tīng)尊便。警察去打電話叫人。一會(huì)兒工夫，又來(lái)了4個(gè)警察，規(guī)勸工人離開(kāi)。shortlyafterwards不久之后=soonremonstratewithsb.aboutsth.向某人抗議某事eg.律師向法官抗議罰金的數(shù)量。Thelawyerremonstratedwiththejudgeabouttheamountofthefine.7、（Asthemenrefusedtostopworking,原因狀語(yǔ)從句）thepoliceattemptedtoseizethepneumaticdrill.Theworkmenstruggledfiercelyandoneofthemlosthistemper.Hethreatenedtocallthepolice.由于工人拒絕停下手中的活，警察想奪風(fēng)鉆。兩個(gè)工人奮力抗?fàn)?，其中一個(gè)發(fā)了火，威脅說(shuō)要去叫警察。attempttodosth.試圖做某事=trytodosth.

=makeanattempttodosth.seize(v.)緊緊抓出eg.seizethechance=catchthechance抓住機(jī)會(huì)fiercely(adv.)=veryviolently兇殘地、暴力地fierce(adj.)eg.fiercecriticism猛烈的評(píng)論fiercecompetition激烈的競(jìng)爭(zhēng)fierceattack兇猛的攻擊loseone’stemper發(fā)脾氣反：keepone’stemper克制脾氣8、Atthis,thepolicepointedoutironically（thatthiswouldhardlybenecessary[asthemenwerealreadyunderarrest.賓語(yǔ)從句）原因狀語(yǔ)從句]Pretendingtospeakseriously,oneoftheworkmenasked（ifhemightmakeatelephonecallbeforebeingtakentothestation.賓語(yǔ)從句）警察聽(tīng)后譏諷地說(shuō)，這大可不必，因?yàn)樗麄z已被逮捕了。其中一個(gè)工人裝模作樣地問(wèn)道，在被帶往警察局之前，是否可以打一個(gè)電話。ironically(adv.)諷刺地=sarcasticallybeunderarrest被逮捕beundercontrol被控制beunderrepair正在修理beunderstudy正在研究beunderconsideration正在考慮beunderconstruction正在重建beunderdiscusstion正在討論9、Permissionwasgrantedandapolicemanaccompaniedhimtoapayphone.Onlywhenhesaw