2021年新高考英語(yǔ)押題密卷匯編01?閱讀理解專題

（一）

閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的四個(gè)選項(xiàng)（A、B、C和D）中，選出最佳選項(xiàng)。

A

SomethingyoumaynotknowaboutEndofHeat

ThetraditionalChineselunarcalendardividestheyearinto24solarterms.EndofHeatisthe

14thsolartermoftheyear,whichimpliesthatmostpartsinChinaaregettingridofthehot

summerandenteringautumn.Butinsomeareas,especiallyinSouthChina,autumnislatein

comingandpeoplearestillbotheredbyhotweather.EndofHeatisalsoihebusyharvestseason

fbrfarmers.

ThefollowingarethethingsyoushouldknowaboutEndofHeat.

Timefornight-bloomingcereus（曇花）

Thenight-bloomingcereusisaflowerfullofmystery,whichoftenbloomsduringtheperiod

ofEndofHeat.ThisisbecausetheclimateduringEndofHeat,characterizedbywarmdaysand

coldnights,issimilartotropicaldeserts.Night-bloomingcereusoriginatesinthetropicaldeserts

fromMexicotoBrazilinSouthAmerica.Theyblossomatnighttoavoidtheblazingdaytimesun.

EatingDuck

DuckhasasweetflavorandaccordingtoChinesetraditionalmedicineithasa"cool”nature.

AfolktraditionistoeatduckduringtheEndofHeatperiod.Therearemanyrecipesforcooking

ducksuchasroastduck,cookedduckwithlemon,smokedduckwithwalnutdressingandsauteed

duckwithgingershoots.ThetraditionofeatingduckduringtheEndofHeatperiodisstillpopular

inChina.

TheFishingSeasonFestival

Forfishermen,theEndofHeatisaseasonofharvest.Duringthisperiod,theFishingSeason

FestivalisheldinregionsalongthecoastlineoftheEastChinaSeainZhejiangprovince.The

festivalisheldonthedaywhenthefishingbanendsandfishermencanstartfishingagain.Dueto

hightemperaturesinthesea,stocksoffishremainandbecomemature.Peoplecanenjoymany

kindsofseafoodduringthisperiod.

1.AboutEndofHeat,whichofthefollowingstatementsistrue?

A.ItmeansthewholeChinahasenteredautumn.

B.TheareasbeyondtheGreatWallarestillhot.

C.InsouthChina,thetemperatureisstillhigh.

D.Itistheendoftheharvestseasonforfarmers.

2.Wheredidyouthinkthenight-bloomingcereusinitiallycamefrom?

A.Temperateareas.B.Tropicalareas.C.Coldareas.D.Polarareas.

3.WhyisitafolktraditiontoeatduckduringtheEndofHeatperiod?

A.Becausetherearenootheranimalstoeat.

B.Becausetheduckhasa"cool"nature.

C.Becauseittastesespeciallydeliciousatthattime.

D.Becausetherearemanyrecipesforcookingduck.

【答案】l.C2.B3.B

【解析】這是一篇應(yīng)用文。文章介紹中國(guó)24節(jié)氣之一——處暑。

[1題詳解】

細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段中“Butinsomeareas,especiallyinSouthChina,autumnislatein

comingandpeoplearestillbotheredbyhotweather.（但在一些地區(qū)，尤其是中國(guó)南方，秋天來(lái)

得晚，人們?nèi)匀皇艿窖谉崽鞖獾睦_）''可知，處署時(shí)節(jié)南方的天氣仍於很熱。故選C項(xiàng)。

【2題詳解】

細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段中“Night-bloomingcereusoriginatesinthetropicaldesertsfrom

MexicotoBrazilmSouthAmerica.（曇花起源于南美從墨西哥到巴西的熱帶沙漠廣叩知，曇花

最初來(lái)自于熱帶地區(qū)。故選B項(xiàng)。

【3題詳解】

細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第四段中“DuckhasasweetflavorandaccordingtoChinesetraditional

medicineithasa"cool"nature.（鴨肉味道香甜，中醫(yī)認(rèn)為鴨肉屬?zèng)鲂裕笨芍藗兿矚g在處暑

時(shí)吃鴨肉是因?yàn)樵谥嗅t(yī)學(xué)上鴨肉屬?zèng)鲂允澄?，適合這個(gè)季節(jié)食用。故選B項(xiàng)。

B

FormanyCovidpatientswithlong-termsymptoms,onlinesupportgroupshavebeenan

invaluableresource.

Severalgroupshavethousandsofmembers.Inadditiontoconnectingpatientsand

advocatingforbettercare,somegroupsarealsolaunchingtheirownresearcheffortsor

collaboratingwithresearchers.Smallergroupshaveformedtofocusonchildrenorpatientswith

specificsymptoms,suchasheartorneurologicalissues.

AmongthemostactiveisBodyPolitic,asupportgroupthatstartedinlateMarchasasmall

Instagramgroupchat.Itnowhasmorethan14,000sign-upsfrompeopleacrosstheworldand

movedtoSlackwhereithasorganizedintomorethan50channelsondifferenttopics.

Thegroupalsolaunchedapatient-ledresearcharm,publishingitsfirstsurveyinMayand

currentlyworkingonanotherone.

DianaBerrent,a46-year-oldinPortWashington,N.Y.,foundedSurvivorCorps,aFacebook

groupandwebsite,inlateMarchafterbeingdiagnosedwithCovid.Heroriginalmissionwasto

mobilizerecoveredCovid-19patientstodonateplasma.

Thegroupnowhasmorethan110,000membersandhasbecomeanadvocacygroupfor

patientsdealingwithlong-termsymptoms.Thegroupisworkingwithresearchersandlobbying

formorelong-termCovidcarecenters.

AnotherpopularsupportgroupisLongHaulCovidFighters,whichstartedonFacebookin

April.OnceitbecameclearthatsomeCovid-19patientsweren'tgettingbetterevenafterthree

months,asecondgroupformedinJuneforthoseearlierintheirillness.

“Eachgroupislimitedtoabout5,000members,"saysChelseaAlionar,a37-year-oldlong

CovidpatientinKeizer,Ore.,andanadministrator.Ms.Alionarsaystherearenewplansfora

thirdgroupasthenumberotpatientsgrows.

“OurmissionistoprovidesupportfbrthosewhosehealthhasbeenatYectedbyCovid-19,to

promotepublicawarenessandeducationregardinglengthyCovidrecovery,andtoadvocatefor

themedical,mentalhealth,andsocialinterestsoflonghaulCovidsurvivors,"saysMs.Alionar.

4.WhatdoweknowaboutBodyPolitic?

A.Itisthemostactiveonlinesupportgroup.

B.IthasattractedCovidsurvivorsallovertheworld.

C.IthaspublisheditsfirstsurveyinlateMarch.

D.ItworksonInstagramandSlackatthesametime.

5.WhatwasDianaBerrent'sinitialintentionofsettingupSurvivorCorps?

A.Tbcureherselfofadisease.

B.Tbpromotepublicawarenessandeducation.

C.ToprovidesupporttopeoplewhohavesurvivedCovid.

D.lbcallonCovidsurvivorstocontributetheirplasma.

6.Whatcanweinferfromthelastbutoneparagraph?

A.Eachofthegroupshasatmost5,000members.

B.ChelseaAlionarhasrecoveredfromCovid-19.

C.MoreonlineCovidsupportgroupswillbeneededinthenearfuture.

D.ThenumberofthepeoplewhosufferfromCovid-19isonthedecrease.

7.Whatisthepassagemainlyabout?

A.Thetaskandresponsibilityoftheonlinesupportgroups.

B.ThesupportforthepeoplesufferingfromCovid.

C.ThewaystodealwithCovid-19inthelongterm.

D.Thetypesoftheonlinesupport.

【答案】4.B5.D6.C7.A

【解析】這是一篇說(shuō)明文，文章介紹了幾個(gè)線上的新冠肺炎長(zhǎng)期患者的互助組織。

【4題詳解】

推理判斷題。根據(jù)第三段最后一句"Itnowhasmorethan14,000sign-upsfrompeopleacross

theworld…（現(xiàn)在已經(jīng)有超過(guò)1.4萬(wàn)名來(lái)自世界各地的用戶注冊(cè)...）”可知,BodyPolitic吸

引了世界各地的新冠肺炎幸存者。故選B項(xiàng)。

【3題詳解】

細(xì)節(jié)理解題。從第五段最后一句"HeroriginalmissionwastomobilizerecoveredCovid-19

patientstodonateplasma.”可知，她最初的目標(biāo)就是要?jiǎng)訂T康復(fù)的新冠患者捐獻(xiàn)血漿。故選D

項(xiàng)。

【6題詳解】

推理判斷題。從倒數(shù)第二段"Ms.Alionarsaystherearenewplansforathirdgroupasthenumber

ofpatientsgrows.（Alionar女士表示，隨著患者數(shù)量的增加，第三組也有了新的計(jì)劃。）“可知，

隨著病人數(shù)量的增長(zhǎng)，將來(lái)可能需要更多的新的互助團(tuán)隊(duì)。故選C項(xiàng)。

【7題詳解】

主旨大意題。通讀全文，結(jié)合第一段“FormanyCovidpatientswithlong-termsymptoms,online

supportgroupshavebeenaninvaluableresource.（對(duì)于許多有長(zhǎng)期癥狀的新冠肺炎患者來(lái)說(shuō)，

線上互助組織是寶貴的資源。戶可知，本文主要介紹了幾個(gè)線,上的新冠肺炎長(zhǎng)期患者的互助

組織的使命和職責(zé)。故選A項(xiàng)。

C

AsAustraliaexperiencesrecord-breakingdroughtandbush-fires,koalapopulationshave

declinedalongwiththeirhabitat,leadingtokoalasbecoming^functionallyextinct”.Thechairman

oftheAustralianKoalaFoundation,Tabart,estimatesthatover1,000koalashavebeenkilledfrom

thefiresandthat80percentoftheirhabitathasbeendestroyed.

Functionalextinctioniswhenapopulationbecomessolimitedthattheynolongerplayan

importantroleintheirecosystemandthepopulationbecomesnolongerpossibletolive.

Deforestationandbush-firesdestroythemainfoodsourceofkoalas,theeucalyptus（松樹(shù)）

tree.Anadultkoalawilleatupio2poundsofeucalyptusleavesperdayasitsmainfood.

ManyareaskingtheAustraliangovernmenttopassTheKoalaProtectionAct,writtenin

2016butneverpassedintolaw.TheKoalaProtectionActwouldworktoprotecthabitatandtrees

importanttokoalaaswellasprotectkoalasfromhunting.

RecentvideosofAustralianssavingkoalashasledtoincreaseddonationtohelpburned

koalas.ThePortMacquarieKoalaHospitalsetupaGoFundMepageseekingdonationstohelp

thehospitaltreatinjuredkoalas.Todate,theyhaveraised$1.33million,wellovertheir$25,000

goal,whichconiesfromover30,000donors.Thefundswillalsobeusedfbra“KoalaArk”asa

refugetbrburnedkoalastoliveinhealthyhabitat.

8.Accordingtothefirstparagraph,whatcanweknowaboutthedroughtandbush-fires?

A.TheyarethemostseriousonesinthehistoryofAustralian.

B.Theyhavemadekoalasextinct.

C.Theyhavekilled80%ofthekoalas.

D.TheybroughtthemostseriousinfluencetoAustralian.

9.Whendoesfunctionalextinctionhappen?

A.Whenaspeciesbecomesextinct.

B.Whenaspeciesislimitedtocertainhabitat.

C.Whenecosystemnolongerplaysanimportantrole.

D.Whenthenumberofaspeciesbecomessosmallthattheyhavelittlechancetolive.

10.Accordingtothepassage,thefollowingstatementsaretrueEXCEPTthat.

A.koalasmainlyfeedoneucalyptustreeleaves

B.theAustraliangovernmenthaspassedTheKoalaProtectionActintolaw

C.TheKoalaProtectionActisaimedtoprotectkoalasanditshabitat

D.agoodmanyAustraliansarequiteconcernedaboutkoalas

11.Whatcanweinferfromthelastparagraph?

A.Somevideosrequirepeopletodonateforkoalas.

B.GoFundMepagetreatedinjuredkoalas.

C.Australianshavedeeploveforkoalasanddonategenerouslytohelpthem.

D.Thefundswillbeusedtosetuphealthyhabitatforkoalas.

【答案】8.A9.D10.B11.C

【解析】本文是一篇說(shuō)明文。文章講述了在澳大利亞，由千森林大火導(dǎo)致考拉食物減少和被

燒死燒傷，考拉數(shù)量銳減，各界呼吁澳大利亞政府采取措施。

【8題詳解】

細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段"AsAustraliaexperiencesrecord-breakingdroughtandbush-fires,koala

populationshavedeclinedalongwiththeirhabitat,leadingtokoalasbecoming"functionally

extinct”.（隨著澳大利亞經(jīng)歷破紀(jì)錄的干旱和叢林大火，考拉數(shù)量隨著棲息地的減少而減少，

導(dǎo)致考拉功能性滅絕）”可知，此次澳大利亞旱情和叢林大火是有史以來(lái)最嚴(yán)重的。故選A。

【9題詳解】

推理判斷題。根據(jù)第二段內(nèi)容''卜unctionalextinctioniswhenapopulationbecomessolimited

thattheynolongerplayanimportantroleintheirecosystemandthepopulationbecomesno

longerpossibletolive.（功能性滅絕是指種群數(shù)量變得非常有限，以致于它們?cè)谏鷳B(tài)系統(tǒng)中不

再發(fā)揮重要作用，并且無(wú)法繼續(xù)生存）”可知，當(dāng)一個(gè)物種的數(shù)量小到再也不能在生態(tài)體系里

起重要作用的時(shí)候，這個(gè)物種繼續(xù)存活下去就會(huì)變得很難，這被稱為功能性滅絕。故選D。

【10題詳解】

細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第四段第一句"ManyarcaskingtheAustraliangovernmenttopassTheKoala

ProtectionAct,writtenin2016butneverpassedintolaw.（許多人要求澳大利亞政府通過(guò)《考拉

保護(hù)法》，該法案寫于2016年，但從未通過(guò)成為法律戶可知，2016年寫的TheKoalaProtection

Act這部法案從來(lái)都沒(méi)有被制定成法律。由此可知，故B項(xiàng)“澳大利亞政府已經(jīng)通過(guò)了《考

拉保護(hù)法》”是不對(duì)的。故選B。

[11題詳解】

推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段第一句"RecentvideosofAustralianssavingkoalashasledto

increaseddonationtohelpburnedkoalas.（最近澳大利亞人拯救考拉的視頻導(dǎo)致捐款增加，以

幫助被燒毀的考拉）“以及"Todate,theyhaveraised$1.33million,wellovertheirS25,000goal,

whichcomesfromover30,000donors.（到目前為止，他們已經(jīng)籌集了133萬(wàn)美元，遠(yuǎn)遠(yuǎn)超過(guò)了

25,000美元的目標(biāo)，而25,000美元的目標(biāo)來(lái)自3萬(wàn)多名捐贈(zèng)者）“可知，人民為了救治受傷的

考拉慷慨地捐錢，且數(shù)目遠(yuǎn)遠(yuǎn)高于預(yù)期。由此可知，澳大利亞人對(duì)考拉是極其喜愛(ài)的，慷慨

捐款來(lái)幫助它們。故選C。

D

Newresearchinmonkeysmayprovideaclueabouthowthebrainmanagesvastamountsof

informationandrememberswhatitneeds.

Theresearchersfoundthatwhenmonkeysweretaughttoremembercomputerclipart

pictures,theirbrainsreducedthelevelofdetailbysortingthepicturesintocategoriesforrecall,

suchasimagesthatcontainedpeople,buildings,flowers,andanimals.Thecategorizingcellswere

foundinthehippocampus,anareaofthebrainthatprocessessensoryinformationintomemory.In

theexperimenteachmonkeywasshownoneclipartpicture,andafteradelayofoneto30

seconds,pickedtheoriginaloutoftwotosixdifferentimagestogetajuicereward.

Byrecordingcellactivityduringhundredsofthesetrialsinwhichthepictureswereall

ditterent,theresearchersnoticedthatcertaincellsweremoreactivewhenthepicturescontained

similarfeatures,suchasimagesofpeople—butnototherobjects.Theyfoundthatdifferentcells

codedimagesthatfitteddifferentcategories.Thecategorycellsgroupedimagesbasedoncommon

features-astrategytoimprovememory.Forexample,thesamecellrespondedtobothtulipsand

daisiesbecausetheyarebothflowers.

“Whilesuchcategorizationisahighlyefficientmemoryprocess,itmayalsohavea

downside,saidDeadwylerPhD."Whenthetrialsincludedmorethanonepicturewithpeoplein

it,insteadofdifferentimages,themonkeysoftenconfusedtheimagewithapictureofother

people.^^Solearningmoreabouthowthebrainrememberscouldhavefar-reachingbenefits."If

wecanunderstandinadvancehowthebrainworkswhendecisionsaremade,wecanpredictwhen

thebrainwillmakeamistake,andcorrectit,“saidTimPons,PhD."Thisfindingabouthowlarge

amountsofinformationareprocessedbythebrainwillhelpustoultimatelyachievethatgoal.”

12.Thepurposeoftheexperimentsonmonkeysistofindout.

A.howthebrainprocessesamountsofinformationintomemory

B.theareaofthebrainthatprocessessensoryinformationintomemory

C.howthemonkeysrespondtodifferentChings

D.whatthemonkeysmostlikelyremember

13.Theresearchindicatesnumerousinformationcanberememberedmoreeasilyby.

A.rememberingthedetails

B.separatingitintocategories

C.showingalotofpictures

0.rememberingallfeatures

14.Accordingtotheresearch,whichofthefollowingimagesmayconfusethemonkeys?

A.Books,toysandcars.

B.Plants,animalsandpeople.

C.Tulips,daisiesandroses.

D.People,buildingsandflowers.

15.Whatcanwelearnfromthelastparagraph?

A.Furtherstudyonhowthebrainremembershasmorebenefits.

B.Categorizationisthebestwaytoimprovememory.

C.Wecanpredictwhenthebrainwillmakeamistake.

D.Howthebrainremembershasbeenfoundout.

【答案】12.A13.B14.C15.A

【解析】本文是一篇說(shuō)明文。文章主要介紹了科學(xué)家通過(guò)對(duì)猴子做實(shí)驗(yàn)來(lái)研究大腦如何進(jìn)行

記憶?？茖W(xué)家指出,進(jìn)一步研究大腦如何進(jìn)行記憶會(huì)有更多的好處。

12.A細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段“Newresearchinmonkeysmayprovideaclueabouthowthe

brainmanagesvastamountsofinformationandrememberswhatitneeds.”可知，對(duì)猴子的新研究

或許可以為大腦如何管理大量信息和記住它所需要的東西提供線索。故選A項(xiàng)。

13.B細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第四段"'Whilesuchcategorizationisahighlyefficientmemoryprocess,

itmayalsohaveadownside/saidDeadwylerPhD.“可知，研究表明分類記憶可使大量的信息更

容易被記住。故選B項(xiàng)。

14.C指理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段“'Whenthetrialsincludedmorethanonepicturewithpeople

init,insteadofdifferentimages,themonkeysoftenconfusedtheimagewithapictureofother

people」”可知，當(dāng)實(shí)驗(yàn)中包含了多個(gè)人的圖片而不是不同的圖片時(shí)，猴子經(jīng)常混淆不同人之

間的圖片。據(jù)此推斷，猴子分不清同類事物。C項(xiàng)“郁金香、雛菊和玫瑰”都是花，故選C項(xiàng)。

15.A細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)最后一段"Solearningmoreabouthowthebrainrememberscouldhave

far-reachingbenefits.”可知,進(jìn)一步研究大腦如何進(jìn)行記憶會(huì)有更多的好處。故選A項(xiàng)。

（二）

A

Recently,anunhappyeventhashappenedinakindergarteninChongqing.Mostprimary

schoolssuggestthatparentsshouldcomealongwiththeirchildrentoschoolandguardtheschool

gatesfrom7:40to8:00inthemorning.Opinionsonthisproblemaredifferentfrompersonto

person.

SunZhenyao,13,Jiangbei

Safetycomesfirst.Idon'tthinkit'sabigproblemforparents.Theyjusthavetostayatthe

schoolgateforalittlelonger.Also,it'sverycrowdedaroundschoolgatesinthemorning.Traffic

accidentscanhappen.Dependingonlyonschoolguardsisnotenough.Ifparentscanhelp,there

willbefeweraccidents.

LiMinyi,14,Yubei

Onweekdays,guardingschoolsandkeepingstudentssafeshouldbetheschools*

responsibility-nottheparents'.Also,thetimeduringwhichtheyhavetostandguardisusually

about7:40to8:00am,themorningrushhour.Someparentsmightgetcaughtinatrafficjamand

belatefbrtheirwork.Idon'tthinkthistaskshouldfallontheparents.

SunRun,14,Beibei

Thisrequestisnotjustaboutchildren'ssafety,butalsosupportingtheschool,itisagood

waytoimproverelationsbetweenparentsandschools.Secondly,parentscansetagoodexample

fbrtheirkidsbyworkingselflesslyfortheirsociety.

HuangXi,15,Jiulongpo

Mostoftheseparentsareofficeworkers.Theyhavetheirownthingstodo.Theyhurrytogo

toworkeverymorning.Tomeetthisnewrequest,somemayhavetoaskfortimeoff.Thiswill

affecttheirworkperformance.

1.Thestudentswhoagreewiththesuggestionare.

A.LiMinyi,SunRun

B.HuangXi,SunZhenyao

C.HuangXi,LiMinyi

D.SunZhenyao,SunRun

2.Accordingtothestudents,whyshouldparentsguardtheschoolgates?

A.Guardingschoolsandkeepingstudentssafeshouldbetheschools,job.

B.Itisagoodexampleforkidstohaveasenseofresponsibility.

C.Someparentscanaskfbrtimeofftoguardtheschoolgates.

D.Therearenotenoughschoolguardsintheprimaryschools.

3.Thisarticleismostlikelytobe.

A.anewspaperinterview

B.apolicereport

C.ashortstory

D.atextbookpassage

【答案】l.D2.B3.A

【解析】這是一篇新聞報(bào)道。文章報(bào)道r學(xué)生對(duì)家長(zhǎng)是否應(yīng)該在早上帶孩子到學(xué)校的時(shí)候，

守好校門的不同看法。

（1題詳解】

推理判斷題。根據(jù)第二段“Dependingonlyonschoolguardsisnotenough.Ifparentscanhelp,

therewillbefeweraccidents.（僅僅依靠學(xué)校保安是不夠的。如果父母能幫忙，事故就會(huì)少一

些）“可推知，SunZhenyao同意這個(gè)建議；第四段“Thisrequestisnotjustaboutchildren'ssafety,

butalsosupporting（heschool.Itisagoodwaytoimproverelationsbetweenparentsandschools.

Secondly,parentscansetagoodexamplefortheirkidsbyworkingselflesslyfortheirsociety.（這

個(gè)要求不僅僅是為了孩子們的安全，也是為了支持學(xué)校。這是改善家長(zhǎng)和學(xué)校關(guān)系的好方法。

其次，父母可以為他們的孩子樹(shù)立一個(gè)好榜樣，無(wú)私地為他們的社會(huì)工作）“可推知，SunRun

同意這個(gè)建議。故選D項(xiàng)。

【2題詳解】

推理判斷題。根據(jù)第四段“Secondly,parentscansetagoodexamplefortheirkidsbyworking

selflesslyfortheirsociety4其次，父母可以為他們的孩子樹(shù)立一個(gè)好榜樣，無(wú)私地為他們的社

會(huì)工作）”可知，父母這樣做可以給孩子樹(shù)立責(zé)任感的好榜樣。故選B項(xiàng)。

【3題詳解】

推理判斷題。根據(jù)第一段“Recently,anunhappyeventhashappenedinakindergartenin

Chongqing.Mostprimaryschoolssuggestthatparentsshouldcomealongwiththeirchildrento

schoolandguardtheschoolgatesfrom7:40to8:00inthemorning.Opinionsonthisproblemare

differentfrompersontoperson.（最近，重慶一所幼兒園發(fā)生了一起不愉快的事件。大多數(shù)小

學(xué)建議家長(zhǎng)在早上7:40到8:00帶孩子到學(xué)校，守好校門。對(duì)這個(gè)問(wèn)題的看法因人而異）”可

知，文章講述的是學(xué)生對(duì)家長(zhǎng)是否應(yīng)該在早上帶孩子到學(xué)校的時(shí)候，守好校門的不同看法，

這是一篇新聞采訪。故選A項(xiàng)。

B

Coralsareoftendescribedasunderseaforests,buttheyaredecliningfarmorequicklythan

theAmazon.Thecoralreefs（珊瑚礁）arelikelytobeamongthefirstecosystemstobe

wipedoutbyclimatechange.

Atemperatureriseofjust1to2℃canleadtothedeathofthealgae（海藻）uponwhich

coralsdepend,drainingthemofcolorandmakingthestructuremorefragile.These

bleaching（褪色的）eventscanbetemporaryifwaterscool,butthemorefrequenttheyare

andthelongertheylast,thegreatertheriskofdamageis.

Butthat'sexactlywhatishappening.Bleachingwasfirstobservedin1983.Itwasseenon

agloballevelin1998,then2010,andthenfrom2015to2017.Mostavailablescientific

evidencetellsusthatunlesswedosomethingtolimitwarmingto1.5℃,wewilllose99%of

theworld'scoralreefsincomingdecades.

Butthereareotherthreatsbeyondwarming.OffChePhilippineislandofPalawan,itsold

reefshavebeenbadlydamagedbydirtywaterfromthetouristholidaycenter,pollutionfrom

boatsandoverfishing.Theareaoughttobeashelterbecauseit'soneoftheoceanregionsmost

tolerantofclimatechange.4tEvenhere,wearelosingourcorals,“saidDavidObura,chairofthe

GlobalSpecialistGroupintheInternationalUnionfortheConservationofNature.4tWeneedto

reducestressfromoverfishing,coastaldevelopment,pollutionandtourism.M

“Iamagenerationofscientistswatchingthemdisappear.Itisverydepressing?'Oburasaid.

“Above1.5℃,inabout50years,theywillbeatreasureofhistoricmoviesandpictures,but

verylittletoseeinreallife.Childrenborntodaymaybethelastgenerationtoseecoralreefsin

alltheirglory.”

4.Therisingtemperatureaffectscoralsby.

A.darkeningtheircolor

B.harmingtheirstructure

C.cuttingtheirfoodsources

D.narrowingdowntheirlivingarea

5.Whathappenedafter2015accordingtothetext?

A.Coralbleachingfirstbecameaglobalissue.

B.Theoceantemperaturewentupsteadily.

C.Welost99%oftheworld'scoralreefs.

D.Worldwidecoralbleachinglastedlonger.

6.WhatfactorthatthreatenscoralsisstressedinParagraph4?

A.IllegalfishingB.ClimatechangeC.OceanpollutionD.Globalwarming

7.Whatcanbeasuitabletitleforthetext?

A.Expertsworryaboutglobalwarming.

B.Philippinecoralreefsareunderthreat.

C.Recordunderseaforestsbeforeitistoolate.

D.Thenextgenerationmayneverseecoralreefs.

4.B5.D6.C7.D

【分析】本文是一篇說(shuō)明文。文章介紹了因?yàn)闅夂?，污染等因素的影響?dǎo)致珊瑚礁即將消失

的問(wèn)題。

4.細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段中的“Atemperatureriseofjust1to2℃canleadtothedeathofthe

algae（海藻）uponwhichcoralsdepend,drainingthemofcolorandmakingthestructuremore

eagile.”可知，溫度只升高1到2℃就會(huì)導(dǎo)致珊瑚依賴的藻類死亡，使它們的顏色消退，結(jié)

構(gòu)更脆弱。由此可知，溫度上升會(huì)導(dǎo)致珊瑚的結(jié)構(gòu)更加脆弱。故B選項(xiàng)正確。

5.細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段中的“Thesebleaching（脫色）eventscanbetemporaryifwaterscool,

butthemorefrequenttheyareandthelongertheylast,thegreatertheriskofdamageis.Butthat's

exactlywhatishappening.Bleachingwasfirstobservedin1983.Itwasseenonagloballevelin

1998,then2010,andthenfrom2015to2017.”可知，“脫色''事件在水冷卻的情況下可能是暫時(shí)

的，但其頻率越頻繁，持續(xù)時(shí)間越長(zhǎng)，損壞的風(fēng)險(xiǎn)越大。但這正是正在發(fā)生的事情?！懊撋?/p>

于1983年首次被觀察到。在1998年、2010年、2015年到2017年在全球范圍內(nèi)出現(xiàn)“脫色”

現(xiàn)象。由此可知，2015年之后，全世界范圍的珊瑚“脫色''情況持續(xù)的時(shí)間越來(lái)越長(zhǎng)，發(fā)生

頻率越來(lái)越高。故D選項(xiàng)正確。

6.細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段中的“itsoldreefshavebeenbadlydamagedbydirtywaterfromthe

touristholidaycenter,pollutionfromboatsandoverfishing”可知，菲律賓的舊珊瑚礁因旅游度

假中心的污水、船只的污染和過(guò)度捕撈而受到嚴(yán)重破壞。因此，結(jié)合選項(xiàng)，海洋污染符合題

意。故C選項(xiàng)正確。

7.主旨大意題。第一段提出：珊瑚礁可能是受氣候變化影響的第一生態(tài)系統(tǒng)之一。第二段

和第三段分析了影響珊瑚礁的一些因素。第四段進(jìn)一步強(qiáng)調(diào)：大約50年后，珊瑚礁將成為

歷史電影和圖片的珍寶，但在現(xiàn)實(shí)生活中卻很少能看到。今天出生的孩子可能是最后一代看

到珊瑚礁的人。由此可知，整篇文章主要突出了珊瑚礁瀕臨消失，導(dǎo)致我們的下一代再也見(jiàn)

不到美麗的珊瑚礁了。故D選項(xiàng)正確。

C

Theteacherwhodidthemosttoencouragemewas,asithappens,myaunt.ShewasMyrtle

C.Manigault,thewifeofmymother'sbrotherBill.Shetaughtmeinsecondgradeatall-black

SummerSchoolinCamden,NewJersey.

Duringmychildhoodandyouth,AuntMyrtleencouragedmetodevelopeveryaspectofmy

potential,withoutregardforwhatwasconsideredpracticalorpossibleforblackfemales.Ilikedto

sing;shelistenedtomyvoiceandpronounceditgood.Icouldn'tdance;shetaughtmethebasic

dancingsteps.Shetookmetothetheatre—notjustchildren'stheatre,butadultcomediesand

dramas—andherfaiththatIcouldappreciateadultplayswasnotdisappointed.

Myauntalsotookdownbooksfromherextensivelibraryandsharedthemwithme.Ihad

booksathome,buttheywereallseriousclassics.EvenasachildIhadastronglikingfbrhumour,

andI'llneverforgetthejoyofdiscoveringDonMarquis'sArchy&Mehitabelthroughher.

Mostimportant,perhaps,AuntMyrtleprovidedmyfirstopportunitytowriteforpublication.

Awriterherselfforoneoftheblacknewspapers,shesuggestedmynametotheeditorasa“youth

columnist^^.Mycolumn,begunwhenIwasfourteen,wassupposedtocoverteenagesocial

activities-anditdid-butitalsogavemethefreedomtowriteonmanyothersubjectsaswellas

thehabitofgatheringmaterial,thedisciplineofmeetingdeadlines,and,aftergraduationfrom

collegesixyearslater,asolidcollectionofpublishedmaterialthatcarriedmynameandwasmy

passporttoaseriesofwritingjobs.

TodayAuntMyrtleisstillanenthusiasticsupporterofher"favouriteniece”.Likeadiamond,

shehasreflectedabright,multifaceted（多面的）imageofpossibilitiestoeverypupilwhohas

crossedherpath.

8.WhichofthefollowingdidAuntMyrtledototheauthorduringherchildhoodandyouth?

A.Shelenthersomeseriousclassics.B.Shecultivatedhertasteformusic.

C.Shediscoveredhertalentfordancing.D.Sheintroducedhzrtoadultplays.

9.WhatdoesArchyandMehitabelinParagraph3probablyreferto?

A.Abookofgreatfun.B.Awriterofhighfame.

C.Aseriousmasterpiece.D.Aheartbreakingplay.

10.AuntMyrtlerecommendedtheauthortoanewspapereditormainlyto.

A.develophercapabilitiesforwritingB.giveherachancetocollectmaterial

C.involveherinteenagesocialactivitiesD.offerheraseriesofwritingjobs

11.WecanconcludefromthepassagethatAuntMyrtlewasateacherwho.

A.trainedpupilstobediligentandwell-disciplined

B.gavepupilsconfidenceinexploitingtheirpotential

C.emphasizedwhatwaspracticalorpossibleforpupils.

D.helpedpupilsovercomedifficultiesinlearning

【答案】DAAB

【解析】

8.D本題的強(qiáng)干擾項(xiàng)是A她的阿姨借給她一些莊重的經(jīng)典著作。而文章中使用的是“share”

分享，所以，排除