Unit3FOODANDCULTUREWordsandexpressionsFoodsarefundamentaltoourlife.Amongvariousrecipes,Chineseexceptionalcuisineconsistingofquantitiesofcategoriesispopularallovertheworld.Regardlessofwhatyoulike,youcanalwayshavesomethingdelicioustoconsume.Ifyouareavegetarian,youcanchooseingredientssuchasoliveandgarlic.Youcanalsoeatrice,beancurd,rawvegetablesservedinvinegarandpancakerollsstuffedwithslicedgreenonions,which

containabundantvitaminsandfibre.Ifnot,youcanselectdairy,lambkebab,ham,sausage,redbraisedpork,andbacon,throughwhichyoucanreceivemorecalories.Priortohavingthenextmeal,youcanalsoenjoyelegantdessertslikeabun.Ifyouoftenincludepepper,peppercornorchiliinyourdailydiets,youarelikelytobesomewhatboldorloseyourtempereasily.Overall,tokeepfit,weshouldhaveaconsistentgoodeatinghabit,eatamodestamountoffoodand

chewslowlyeachtime.Althoughthereisnotricktoidealhealthyeating,moderationisthekey.Soifyoualwaysenjoyjunkfood，perhapsyourhealthwillbreakdown.Let’stakeactiontolivea

healthylife.FoodandDietfoodbun,dimsum,dessert,dumpling,grain,hamburger,noodle,pancake,pizza,sandwich,toast;bacon,beef,haggis,ham,lamb,lambkebab,pork,redbraisedpork,sausage;beancurd,cabbage,chilli,garlic,mushroom,olive,onion,,pea;fig,lemon,melon,pineapple,strawberry,watermelon...butter,cheese,dough,flour,honey,jam,oil,pepper,peppercorn,salt,sugar,vinegar...conveniencefood,fastfood,junk,food,organicfood...cookingbakery,cafeteria,canteen,restaurant;buffet,,café,menu,order,serve...beer,cocoa,coffee,Coke,dairy,drink,juice,wine...chef,raw,bake,boil,cook,flavour,fry,heat,roast,slice,steam;cuisine,ingredient,recipe...calorie,nutrition,protein,vitamin...othersbeereatingoutcuisinePriorityforSeniors.Priorto

achievingyourambition,youshouldworkhard.翻譯：我的頭等大事就是提高我處理復(fù)雜問題的能力。Myfirstpriorityistoenhencemycompetenceinhandlingcomplexproblems.priorto(doing)在(做)……之前Rockmusicconsistsofmanydifferentstyles.Successconsistsintheabilitytocontinuouseffortsthroughfailures.Theinformationconsistswithwhatissaidinthenewspaper.Whatwesayshouldbeconsistentwithwhatwedo.consistin＝liein在于；存在于consistwith=beconsistentwithsth與……一致/相符Upto70%ofyourtotalbodyweight______________________________________________________________（由……構(gòu)成）water.ismadeupofiscomposedof/iscomprisedof/consistsof1.大家都知道，生活中不僅有陽光，還有風(fēng)雨。(讀后續(xù)寫之升華句)Itisuniversallyacknowledgedthatlifeconsistsof/ismadeupofnotonlysunshinebutalsostorms.

2.泰山之美在于其迷人的風(fēng)景和豐富的文化，這是一個事實。ItisafactthatthebeautyofMountTaiconsistsinitscharmingsceneryandrichculture.

pepperrecipefearless，brave，heroic

chefpeppercornvinegarWhere’sallmystuff?Istuffedafewclothesintoasuitcase.Thepillowwasstuffedwithfeathers.Somemembersoftheteamarejustnotdoingtheirstuff.

doone’sstuff施展自己的本事；露一手1.Putsomebutteronasliceofbreadandaddateaspoonofbutter.2.Heslicedabigpieceoffthebacon.onionlamblambkebabelegantdimsumThefleshofthiskindoffishisanexceptionaldelicacy.

Everyoneshouldhelpcleanthisroomandyouarenoexception.

Iwouldn'thaveacceptedanythingexceptajobinNewYork.

Hehadn'teatenathingexceptforoneforkfulofsalad.Lightingaccountsforabout7%ofthetotalelectricityconsumedinUS.Lookingafterthechildren,cookingandcleaningaretime-consuming.Itisbelievedthattoday’schildrenandteenagersareconsumingthreetimestherecommendedlevelofsugar.

The

consumptionoftheresourcesontheearthisincreasingatanalarmingrate.Weshouldadoptthe

consumers’reasonablesuggestions.Carolynwasconsumedwithguilt.消耗，耗費（燃料、能量、時間等）消耗，耗費（燃料、能量、時間等）吃；喝；飲（能量、食物或材料的）消耗，消耗量消費者；顧客使充滿（強(qiáng)烈的感情）1.由于好奇，他毫不猶豫地打開了盒子。Consumedwithcuriosity,heopenedtheboxwithouthesitation.2.他深感內(nèi)疚淚水從臉頰流下。Hewasconsumedwithguiltandtearsrolleddownhischeeks.lose/keepyourtemper：發(fā)脾氣/保持冷靜

inafitoftemper：怒不可遏地Shelosthertemperwithacustomerandshoutedathim.Istruggletokeepmytemperwiththekidswhentheymisbehave.Shebroketheplatesinafitoftemper.vegetarianjunkfoodgarlicbaconhamsausagecabbagetofubrandolive形容詞(短語)作狀語：·說明謂語動詞表示的動作發(fā)生時主語所處的狀態(tài)?！け硎拘袨榉绞?、伴隨狀況、原因、時間或條件等。Tired，hungry，andnotknowingawordofChinese，wehadnoideahowtoorder，sothechefjustbeganfillingourtablewiththebestfoodwehadevereaten.(1)很高興得知你對中國畫感興趣，我寫信真誠地邀請你參觀我們學(xué)校正在舉行的展覽。Glad/DelightedtoknowthatyouareinterestedinChinesepaintings,Iamwritingtosincerelyinviteyoutovisittheexhibitionbeinghostedinourschool.(2)又冷又餓，我在空蕩蕩的街道上漫無目的地徘徊，思考著我的未來。Coldandhungry,Iwanderedaimlesslyintheemptystreet,wonderingaboutmyfuture.(3)害怕找不到我們回農(nóng)場的路，我坐在樹旁，胳膊緊緊地抱著肩膀。Afraidofnotfindingourwaytothefarm,Isatbesideatreeandheldmyshouldersinmyarmstightly.AndinAmerica，peoplewhoreceive25%oftheirdailycaloriesormorethroughsugararetwiceaslikelytodiefromheartdiseaseaspeoplewhoreceivelessthan10%aday.·A＋be＋倍數(shù)＋as＋adj./adv.原級＋asB·A＋be＋倍數(shù)＋adj./adv.比較級＋thanB·A＋be＋倍數(shù)＋the＋名詞(size/weight/length/...)＋ofB倍數(shù)的表達(dá)方式：長江(YangtzeRiver)差不多比珠江

(PearlRiver)長兩倍。TheYangtzeRiverisalmosttwiceaslongasthePearlRiver.TheYangtzeRiverisalmosttwicelongerthanthePearlRiver.TheYangtzeRiverisalmosttwicethelengthofthePearlRiver.隨堂檢測名詞動詞化（一）寫出下列句子中畫線詞的漢語釋義。1.Tomakeahamsandwich,sliceapieceofhamandthenputitbetweentwoslicesofbread.__________2.Whatisthestuffwhichyouhavejuststuffed

intoyoursuitcase?__________3.Thedrivertoldthemanwhowasn’twearingaseatbeltthatanypassengersinthevehiclemustbeltup.__________4.TheTVstationplanstojunkthejunkfoodadsinkids’TVprogrammes.__________

5.Inthemiddleoftheyardwasawaterpumpwherethefourlittlegirlspumpedwaterforcooking,cleaningandwateringthegarden.__________英語中有很多表示實物類的名詞可轉(zhuǎn)化為動詞，常表示具有該名詞的活動特點或性質(zhì)特征的動作。切把……塞進(jìn)系放棄/剔除抽出（水等）名詞動詞化（二）寫出下列句子中畫線詞的漢語釋義。1.Thesalesmantrickedtheoldladyoutofhermoneybyatrick.__________2.Itisyourfaultfornotgettingthejobdonewell.Howcanyoufaultothers?__________3.Hebudgetedforbuyinganewcarthoughhewasonatightbudget.

__________4.Whoangledthemirror?Itisatananglenow!__________

5.Theyareonhisside,butI’llsidewithyouonthisquestion.__________英語中有一些抽象名詞可轉(zhuǎn)化為動詞，常表示具有該名詞的活動特點或性質(zhì)特征的動作。欺騙指責(zé)/找……的缺點編預(yù)算斜移支持

正式用語與非正式用語用膳吃飯用膳吃飯非正式用語中性詞正式用語（使）花一大筆錢costalotofmoney/舉例/giveanexample參加體育運(yùn)動/takepartin/be(get)involvedinsports患感冒sufferfromacold/catchacold/減少……的數(shù)量/reducetheamountof此外；而且plusinaddition/besides選擇性必修B2U1——B2U3典型詞costanarmandalegciteanexampleparticipatein/engageinsportsgo/comedownwithacolddecreasetheamountoffurthermore/moreover名詞后綴-(e)r選出適當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~，并用其正確形式填空。1.A__________issomeonewhowritesregularlyforanonlinejournalorwebsite.2.Theauthoragreesthat__________arebornwithagiftformusic.

3.Sofartheyhavefoundfew__________oftheirpointofviewoncampus.4.Stella,21,isatartschooltrainingtobeafashion__________.5.Formanyyears,illegal__________haveattackedtheelephantanditshomehasbeenreducedtosmallpiecesofland.（2010上海改）6.IlikereadingRailwayMagazineandIhavebeena__________tothemagazineformanyyears.名詞后綴-(e)r可用于動詞后，構(gòu)成表示身份的名詞。此時，后綴-(e)r表示動作的實施者。blogger

subscribe,design,defend,blog,compose,huntcomposers

defenders

designer

hunters

subscriber

分詞形容詞根據(jù)提示，用所給詞的正確形式完成下列詞塊，體會分詞形容詞。1.煮雞蛋______________

eggs

2.烤肉______________meat3.切片面包______________bread4.燴面______________noodles5.清蒸魚______________fish6.沸水______________water7.多樣化的飲食a______________diet8.不同程度______________degreesboiledroastedsteamedslicedstewedboilingvariedvary,slice,steam,stew,boil,roastvarying分詞形容詞：很多動詞的-ed形式和-ing形式已經(jīng)成為獨立詞條的形容詞，其中有一類分詞形容詞表示動作已經(jīng)完成或動作正在進(jìn)行。例如：boiled/boiling,roasted,sliced,stewed,steamed,varied/varying將上述分詞形容詞分類：

表示動作已完成：_______________________________

表示動作正在進(jìn)行：_____________________________boiled,roasted,sliced,stewed,steamed,variedboiling,varyingconsist&consistent一、在空白處填入1個適當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~或括號內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。1.Therehasbeena____________(consist)improvementinherattitude.2.Theresultsareentirelyconsistent____________ourearlierresearch.3.Wehaveargued____________(consist)forachangeinthelaw.二、根據(jù)所給詞塊，將下列句子譯成英語。1.生活不僅有陽光，還有風(fēng)雨。（2008遼寧改）(consistof)___________________________________________________________2.成功在于百折不撓。（2014福建）(consistin)___________________________________________________________Lifeconsistsofnotonlysunshinebutalsostorms.Successconsistsintheabilitytocontinueeffortsthroughfailures.consistentwithconsistently寫出下列句子中畫線部分的漢語釋義。1.Howdoyouthinkyou’regoingtofitallthatstuffintothecar? ___________2.I’vegotsomuchstufftodothisweekend. ___________3.Shestuffed

twomoresweatersintoherbag.___________4.Underherbed,theyfoundabagstuffedwithmoney. ___________東西/物品

事情

塞stuff裝滿

一、寫出下列句子中畫線部分的漢語釋義。1.Only27%ofthepaperweconsumeisrecycled.___________2.Hewasconsumedwithguiltaftertheaccident.___________3.Marywouldconsumenearlyapoundofcheeseperday.

___________二、在空白處填入括號內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。1.Cake-makingisaverytime__________(consume)process.2.Weneedmorefeedback（反饋）fromthe__________(consume)inordertoimproveourgoods.3.Gasandoil______________(consume)alwaysincreasesincoldweather. 消耗

充滿吃consumeconsumingconsumersconsumptionfigingredientdessertdoughThisladderdoesn'tseemverystable.Mentally,sheisnotverystable.翻譯：他們的性格已完全定型，倆人都是很穩(wěn)重的孩子。Theircharactersarefullyformedandtheyarebothverystablechildren.haggiscanteencafeteriabunchilliporkredbraisedpearlHistheoriesaresomewhatremotefromreality.Don’tworry.Wecangetthelostmoneybacksomehow."Anyhow,"sheaddedbriskly,"it'snoneofmybusiness."somehow

adv.不知怎么地，以某種方式，莫名其妙地anyhow

adv.總之，無論如何，不管怎樣somewhat

adv.有點；稍微calorie65associationNBA聯(lián)賽是由美國“國家籃球協(xié)會（theNationalBasketballAssociation）”創(chuàng)辦的比賽，是由北美30支職業(yè)球隊組成的男子職業(yè)籃球聯(lián)盟，是美國四大職業(yè)體育聯(lián)盟之一。其中誕生了如：邁克爾·喬丹、科比·布萊恩特、姚明等傳奇球星。(associate+-ion)Ialwaysassociatethesmellofbakingwithmychildhood.Shedidn'twanttoassociatewiththelikesofme.Mr.LinisassociatedirectoroftheInstitute.Replacingtheterm"opponent"with"associate"couldbeanidealwaytostart.Itcanbeassociatedwithtraumaandsomeillnesses.ThedocumentisbasedonasurveycarriedoutbyUKCOSA―UKCouncilforInternationalEducation―inassociationwithorganisationsliketheBritishCouncil.Doyoubelongtoanyprofessionalortradeassociations?

associate

vt.聯(lián)想；聯(lián)系n.同伴；伙伴adj.副的

associate...with...=

beassociatedwith...=inassociationwith...

與……有關(guān)③

associatewithsb.與某人交往/聯(lián)系associate&association語義網(wǎng)絡(luò)圖在腦海中“聯(lián)合”人或物“聯(lián)合”人際關(guān)系把……聯(lián)想/聯(lián)系起來交往；結(jié)交associate聯(lián)合（基本義）協(xié)會；聯(lián)盟；社團(tuán)（與人或團(tuán)體的）關(guān)聯(lián)；交往聯(lián)系；聯(lián)想associateassociation(1)由于北京作為中國首都的悠久歷史，幾乎每個胡同都有自己的故事，有些甚至與歷史事件有關(guān)。ThankstoBeijing’slonghistoryascapitalofChina，almosteveryhutonghasitsstories,someofwhichareevenassociatedwith

historicevents.(2)一般來說，我們會把一個人的性格和他的家庭環(huán)境聯(lián)系起來。(3)我們將與學(xué)生會聯(lián)合舉辦一場主題活動，旨在教學(xué)生如何在校園里與他人交往。Wearegoingtoholdathemeactivityinassociationwith

theStudentCouncil，whichisaimedatteachingstudentshowtoassociatewithothersoncampus.Generallyspeaking,wewillassociateaperson’scharacterwithhisfamilysurroundingsDespiteapplyingforhundredsofjobs,heisstilloutofwork.Theclubwelcomesallnewmembersregardlessofage.Withregardtothemodesofprayer,allaregood,providedthattheyaresincere.regardlessofthefactthat...不顧……的事實inspiteof＝despite盡管(后常接名詞，不接從句)withregardto關(guān)于；至于(1)關(guān)于參賽資格，歡迎任何人參加活動，無論他們的英語水平如何。Withregardtothequalificationofthecompetition，anybodyiswelcometoparticipateregardlessoftheirEnglishproficiency/level.(2)盡管生活中有苦難，她還是沒有放棄她的夢想，最終成功了。Despite/Inspiteofthesufferingsandhardshipsinlife,shedidn’tgiveupherdreamandfinallymadeittothetop.(3)不顧他們?nèi)狈ε腼兘?jīng)驗的事實，雙胞胎仍然滿懷期待地為媽媽準(zhǔn)備一頓特別的早餐。Regardlessofthefactthattheylackedcookingexperience,thetwinsstillpreparedanexceptionalbreakfastfortheirmotherwithgreatexpectations.(4)盡管她竭盡全力控制自己，聲音仍然在顫抖。Hervoicewasshakingdespiteallhereffortstocontrolit.categorysort,type,varietycategorize

classifyclarifyvitaminfibreTherewasalargequantityofwater.TherearehugequantitiesofreferencebookswhichIamoftenconfusedtochoosefrom.Yourworkhasimproved

inquantityandqualitythisterm.TheirqualityoflifeimproveddramaticallywhentheymovedtoFrance.Wespecializeinqualityfurniture.personalqualitiessuchashonestyandgenerosity

alarge/smallquantityof＝large/smallquantitiesof“大/少量”a(large/small)quantityof+名詞

謂語單數(shù)(large/small)quantitiesof+名詞

謂語復(fù)數(shù)dairymoderationAlcoholshouldonlyeverbetakeninmoderation.idealFreshairisfundamentaltogoodhealth.Weneedtomakefundamentalchangestothewayinwhichwetreatourenvironment.Owningagoodmoodisthefundamentofefficientwork.翻譯：勤奮工作是成功所必需的。Hardworkisessentialto/isfundamentaltosuccess.befundamentalto對……很重要chewmodesttrick

trickortreat意思是不給糖就搗蛋，指的是萬圣節(jié)的時候，孩子們要糖果等禮物，如果不遂愿就要搞惡作劇。萬圣節(jié)（Halloween）是在每年的11月1日，是西方傳統(tǒng)的節(jié)日，每當(dāng)萬圣節(jié)來臨時，小孩都會裝扮成各種可愛的鬼怪挨家挨戶地敲門，要求獲得糖果，否則就會搗亂。傳說，每當(dāng)?shù)饺f圣節(jié)的晚上，各種鬼怪都會裝扮成小孩混入人群中，一起慶祝萬圣節(jié)的來臨，而人們?yōu)榱俗尮砉诛@得更融合，所以才裝扮成各種鬼怪。playtricks/atrickonsb.搞惡作劇；開某人玩笑dothetrick奏效；起作用；達(dá)到目的thetricksofthetrade(某一行業(yè)或活動的)絕招，絕活，門道，生意經(jīng)tricksb.intosth./intodoingsth.誘使某人某事/做某事Hertearswerejustatricktodeceiveothers.Heamusedthekidswithconjuringtricks.Thetrickistopicktheanimalupbythebackofitsneck.Idon'tknowwhatitwasthatdidthetrick,butIamdefinitelyfeelingmuchbetter.Hetrickedmeintolendinghim￡100.Theequipmentcanbetrickytoinstall.(1)正是在你慷慨的幫助下，這個棘手的問題才很容易解決Itiswithyourgeneroushelpthatthetrickyproblemwaseasilyapproached.(2)青少年被騙購買熱量過高的垃圾食品是很常見的。Itiscommonthatteenagersaretrickedintobuying

junkfoodthatcontainstoomanycalories.(3)那個頑皮的男孩捉弄那個害羞的女孩，女孩發(fā)脾氣了，她氣得兩頰通紅。(讀后續(xù)寫之憤怒心理描寫)Thenaughtyboyplayedatrick/tricksontheshygirl,wholosthertemper，hercheeksflamingwithanger.trick語義網(wǎng)絡(luò)圖騙人的“詭計”表演魔術(shù)的“詭計”詭計；花招；惡作劇技巧；訣竅trick詭計（基本義）欺騙；哄騙做好某事的“詭計”戲法；把戲nvKazak隨堂檢測詞根viv/vit詞根前綴/后綴adj/v/nviv（live活）

-id：形容詞后綴vividsur-：超過survivere-：再revivevit（life生命）-al:形容詞后綴vital-amine：胺vitamin寫出下列句子中畫線單詞的漢語釋義。1.InherlatestnovelshepaintsavividpictureoflifeinVictorianEngland.__________2.Heissurvivedbyhiswife,Laurene,andfourchildren.__________3.Economistsarguedthatfreermarketswouldquicklyrevivetheregion’seconomy.__________4.TheAmazonrainforestisavitalcarbonstorethatslowsdownthepaceofglobalwarming.__________5.Whilethesun’srayscanageandharmourskin,theyalsogiveusbeneficialvitamin.（2019全國）__________

至關(guān)重要的比……活得更長使復(fù)蘇生動的維生素音譯詞1.卡路里________2.維他命________3.芒果________4.吐司________5.培根________6.啤酒________7.布丁________8.巧克力________9.咖啡________10.漢堡包________11.三明治________12.芝士________13.曲奇________14.酒吧________15.咖啡館________calorie英語是當(dāng)今世界上使用最廣泛的語言，隨著我國對外交往的日益頻繁，來自英語的外來詞（借詞）日益增多。漢語所吸收的英語外來詞很多是跟日常生活密切相關(guān)的詞語，漢語中沒有與之對應(yīng)的詞，翻譯時，往往會借用英語發(fā)音來翻譯。vitaminmangotoastbaconbeerpuddingchocolatecoffeehamburgersandwichcheese根據(jù)漢語寫出對應(yīng)的英語。cookiebarcafé音譯詞1.

wonton

________2.tofu

________3.dimsum

________4.chowmein

________5.jiaozi________6.lichee/litchi________7.taichi________8.mahjong

________9.kungfu________10.yinyang

________11.guanxi

________12.fengshui

________餛飩英語詞匯的來源有三種：本族語（nativewords）、借詞（loan/borrowedwords）和新詞（neologism），其中，借詞和新詞是英語詞匯的新生力量的源泉。英語中也存在許多源于漢語的詞匯和表達(dá)法，其中，音譯法也是借用漢語詞匯的重要途徑。豆腐點心炒面餃子荔枝

太極麻將功夫陰陽

關(guān)系風(fēng)水根據(jù)英語寫出對應(yīng)的漢語。一、寫出下列句子中畫線部分的漢語釋義。1.Thesetofspeechsoundsweusehasnotnecessarilyremainedstablesincetheappearanceofhumanbeings.(2022新高考) ___________2.Theircharactersarefullyformedandtheyarebothverystablechildren. ___________二、在空白處填入括號內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。Myfatherwantedmetobecomeaprofessionalandhavemore___________(stable).穩(wěn)定的

穩(wěn)重的stablestabilityassociation一、寫出下列句子中畫線部分的漢語釋義。1.ThesupportofourmembersisofgreatimportancetotheAssociation.

______________2.Shebecamefamousthroughherassociationwiththegroupofpoets.______________3.Theseasidehadallsortsofpleasantassociationswithchildhoodholidaysforme.______________二、在空白處填入1個適當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~。1.Theyhavemaintainedacloseassociation__________acollege. 2.Researchershavefoundanassociation__________negativeemotionsandheartdisease. 協(xié)會

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withbetween一、寫出下列句子中畫線部分的漢語釋義。1.Wehavetodealwiththefundamentalcauseoftheproblem.___________2.Weneedtomakefundamentalchangestothewayinwhichwetreatourenvironment.___________3.It’simportantforchildrentobetaughtthefundamentalsofscience.___________二、在空白處填入1個適當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~或括號內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。Waterisfundamental____________survival.根本原因

從根本上改變基本原理fundamentalto根據(jù)句意，選出畫線部分的最佳釋義。1.Shefoundthatshehadbeentrickedbythestranger. ________2.Ican’topenthebox—isthereatricktoit? ________3.Thechildrenplayedasillytrickonmyvisitor,buthetookitingoodpartandwasn’tannoyed. ________4.These