RelativeClauseUnit4DiscoveringUsefulStructures形容詞名詞介詞短語非謂語動詞從句(定語從句）Sheisabeautifulgirl.Amyisawomanteacher.Thegirlinredismysister.Ihavesomethingtosay.Theboymakingfaceismyson.Japanisadevelopedcountry.Ilikepeoplewhosmilesalot.1定義：修飾名詞或代詞，常譯為“的”2什么可以做定語一、什么是定語?定語從句1定義2結構從句3類型在復合句中修飾名詞或代詞的句子。表示...的，作用相當于形容詞先行詞關系詞被修飾的名詞或代詞引導定語從句的詞限制性定語從句非限制性定語從句eg.Thereisagirl

who

wantstoseeyou.二、什么是定語從句?whichthatwhowhosewhomaswhenwherewhy三、關系詞的分類四、限制性定語從句VS非限制性定語從句名稱意義結構功能例子限制性定語從句Thereisagirl

who

wantstoseeyou.非限制性定語從句Ourguide,whowasaFrenchCanadian,wasanexcellentcook.起限定作用，指特定的人或者物，若省掉，句意不完整僅作補充說明，若省掉，原句句意完整用逗號隔開修飾先行詞修飾先行詞或者整個句子緊跟先行詞，不加逗號在從句中充當賓語替代agirlThereisagirl

who

wantstoseeyou.五、關系詞在定語從句中的的三個作用:1.連接作用：引導從句，把從句和它所修飾的內容連接起來。2.替代作用：在從句中替代被從句修飾的先行詞。3.充當成分：在從句中充當一定的句子成分，如主語、賓語、定語等。TheTangshanearthquakewasaterribleexperiencethatmygreat-grandmacannotforget.Thecouplewholivenexttousvolunteeredtohelpafterthevolcanoerupted.Thesupplieswhichwereprovidedtothedisasterareawerecollectedfromaroundthecountry.Mr.Liisanarchitectwhosedesignsforthenewtownhavewonpraise.AdoctorwithwhomJamesusedtoworkdiedinthe2016earthquakeinEcuador.Findouttheantecedentsandunderlinetherestrictiverelativeclauses(限制性定語從句)inthesentencesbelow.感知關系代詞引導的

定語從句探究與總結關系代詞的用法Workingroups,discussandanalysethesentencesandthenfindouttherulesofusingrelativepronouns.1)Thesupplieswhichwereprovidedtothedisasterareawerecollectedfromaroundthecountry.2)Thepackagewhichyouarecarryingisabouttofall.1)Tangshanearthquakewasaterribleexperiencethateveryonecannotforget.2)Iknowthegirlthatlostherhomeinthedisaster.3)Afterthetyphoon,ourschoolisnolongertheplacethatitusedtobe.1)Twothirdsofthepeoplewholivedthereweredeadorinjured.2)Shewantstofindthegirlwhoshehelpedintheearthquake.1)Theman

whomyousawjustnowisfromtherescueteam.2)Roseisthepersonwhomyoushouldlookafter.1)Workersbuiltsheltersforsurvivorswhosehomeshadbeendestroyed.2)Thebuildingswhosewallshadcrackswerenolongersafeforpeopletolivein.which的用法1.Thesupplieswhichwereprovidedtothedisasterareawerecollectedfromaroundthecountry.

2.ThisisacarwhichIboughtlastmonth.指代thesupplies,在從句中作主語指代Thecar,在從句中作賓語which在定語從句中作主語或賓語，先行詞是物。that的用法that在定語從句中作主語、賓語、表語，先行詞是人或物。1.Tangshanearthquakewasaterribleexperiencethatthemothercannotforget.2.Iknowthegirlthatlostherhomeinthedisaster.3.Afterthetyphoon,ourschoolisnolongertheplacethatitusedtobe.指代thegirl,在從句中作主語指代experience，在從句中作賓語指代theplace，在從句中作表語1.Twothirdsofthepeoplewholivedthereweredeadorinjured.2.Shewantstofindthegirlwhoshehelpedintheearthquake.指代people，在從句中作主語指代thegirl,在從句中作賓語who的用法who在定語從句中作主語或賓語，先行詞是人，不是物。1.Theman

whom

yousawjustnowisfromtherescueteam.

2.Roseisthepersonwhomyoushouldlookafter.指代theman，在從句中作saw的賓語，指代theperson,在從句中作lookafter的賓語whom在定語從句中作賓語,先行詞是人，不是物。whom的用法1.Workersbuiltsheltersforsurvivorswhosehomeshadbeendestroyed.

2.Thebuildingswhosewallshadcrackswerenolongersafeforpeopletolivein.whose在從句中作定語，限定兩個名詞之間的所屬關系。先行詞既可以是人，也可以是物。

survivor’s，作定語thebuildings’，作定語

whose的用法whose引導定從的變形whose引導的定從還可以轉換為“of+關系代詞”型，即the

+n+ofwhich(物)/

whom(人)=ofwhich/

whom

+

the

+n

egTheyliveinahouse,whosedooropenstothesouth.=Theylivedinahouse,_________________openstothesouth.=Theylivedinahouse,

_________________

opentothesouth.ofwhich

thedoor

thedoorof

which指人指物主語賓語定語that

whichwhowhomwhose√總結：關系代詞在定語從句中的用法何時可以省略？做賓語時可以省略√√√√√√√√√√√√1)Finally,thethiefhanded

everythingthathehadstolentothepolice.2)Hewastheonlyonethatcouldhelpusatthemoment.3)ThefirstEnglishbookthatIreadwas"ThePrinceandthePauper"byMarkTwain.

當先行詞是anything,nothing,much,everything,all,few,any,little等不定代詞時當先行詞被all,every,theonly,thevery,

few,little,no,some等修飾時當先行詞為序數詞或形容詞最高級，或先行詞被序數詞或形容詞最高級修飾時Attention!!!關系代詞的選擇（特殊情況）只用that,不用which的情況：4)Hetalkedabouttheteachersandschoolthathevisited.5)Whoisthemanthatisstandingthere?

當先行詞既有人又有物時Attention!!!關系代詞的選擇（特殊情況）宜用that,不用which的情況：當主句是由who或which開頭的疑問句時1)Thesebooks,whichyoucangetatanycornerofthetownwillgiveyoualltheinformation.2)Thosearemanytreesunderwhichtheycanhavearest.3)That

whichyoutoldhimisexciting.Attention!!!關系代詞的選擇（特殊情況）只用which，不用that的情況：1)在非限制性定性定語從句中2)關系代詞前面出現(xiàn)介詞時，指物只能用which，指人只能用whom3)當先行詞本身是that時指代人且做主語時，關系代詞既可以用who也可以用that。這些情況用who而不用that：1)當先行詞為anyone，one，everyone,someone等不定代詞或人稱代詞時。2)當先行詞為指人的those或是被those修飾的人時。3)當先行詞是people或表示人的集體名詞時。1）Ishetheonewhowantstoseeyou?HewhodoesnotreachtheGreatWallisnotatrueman.2）Godhelpsthosewhohelpthemselves.Sheisoneofthosewomenwhoalwaysmaketheworstoftheirtroubles.3)Iknowthepeoplewhoarestandingthere.Attention!!!關系代詞的選擇（特殊情況）若關系代詞前有介詞時，用whom。指代人且做賓語時，可用who也可以用whom。這些情況用whom而不用who：Mostyoungpeople,mostofwhomwerewell-educated,headedfordistantregionstochasetheirdreams.Attention!!!關系代詞的選擇（特殊情況）如何選擇關系詞？Step1Step2Step3識別定從，找到先行詞判斷先行詞代指人還是物判斷從句中缺少什么成分選定恰當的關系詞口訣:

前看先行詞,辯清人或物

后看從句里,有無主賓語Thisisthecollege________________Ivisitedthreeyearsago.先行詞定語從句thecollege在從句充當賓語先行詞指物，作賓語，用that/which/不填1.Isthisthefactory_________youvisitedlastweek?2.Ourclassisabigfamily__________consistsof23girlsand29boys.3.YaoHuiistheboy______Englishstudyisverygoodinourclass.4.Theytalkedaboutthingsandpersons_______theyrememberedintheschool.5.Doyouknowtheboy_________threwthestoneatthewindow?6.Thewoman______________youmetyesterdayismyaunt.7.Pleasegetreadyforeverything_____weneed.8.Theinjuredboy_________motherwaslostinthedisasterwastakentothehospital.9.Thisisthebestfilm______Ihaveeverseen.10.Thisistheverybook______I’mlookingfor.11.Thebook,____________Iboughtyesterday,isveryhelpful.which/thatwhich/thatwhosewho/thatFillintheblanks

who/whom/thatwhosethatthatthatthatwhichDescribewhatthedisastersarelikeaccordingtothegiveninformation.tornado（龍卷風）

violentstormwithverystrongwindsmoveinacircleAtornadoisaviolentstormwithverystrongwindswhichmoveinacircle.Describewhatthedisastersarelikeaccordingtothegiveninformation.tsunami（海嘯）

extremelylargewaveintheseacausedbyanearthquakeAtsunamiisanextremelylargewaveintheseawhichisoftencausedbyanearthquake.Describewhatthedisastersarelikeaccordingtothegiveninformation.flood（洪水）

alargeamountofwater

coveranareausuallydryareasAfloodisalargeamountofwatercoveringanareathatisusuallydry.Describewhatthedisastersarelikeaccordingtothegiveninformation.Whoistheman?Whatishedoing?Whathappenedtothebaby?Themanwhoisholdingthebabyisafirefighter.Afirefighterisholdingthebabywhosurvivedtheearthquake.Completeeachsentencewiththat,which,who,whose,whom,or"/".ThentranslatethesentencesintoChinese.(P52)1.Herearesomeofthepeople__________homesweredestroyed.2.Theterribleshakingofthebuildingwokeupallthe

people___________wereasleep.3.Thenextday,peopleputupsheltersintheopenairusing

anything_________theycouldfind.4.Severaldayslater,mostofthebuildings____________hadbeendamagedbythehuricanewererepaired.whosewho/thatthat//that/which有些人的家園被臺風摧毀了。建筑物可怕的晃動驚醒了沉睡中的人們。

第二天，人們用能找到的一切物品在空地上搭建起避難所。

幾天后，大多數在颶風中被損壞的建筑物得到了修繕。

Completeeachsentencewiththat,which,who,whose,whom,or"/".Thentranslatethesentences