獨立主格專項練獨立主格專項練習(xí)一．學(xué)習(xí)概念定義獨立主格結(jié)構(gòu)是一種具有邏輯主謂關(guān)系的結(jié)構(gòu)，但它在句子中不是謂語，而是一種獨立的結(jié)構(gòu)，在句中作狀語，用來表示時間、原因、條件、伴隨等情況。它有自己的邏輯主語，這個邏輯主語與句子的主語不同，和后面的非謂語動詞（如現(xiàn)在分詞、過去分詞、不定式等）或形容詞、副詞、介詞短語等構(gòu)成獨立主格結(jié)構(gòu)。構(gòu)成形式及示例名詞/代詞+現(xiàn)在分詞例如：Weatherpermitting,wewillhaveapicnictomorrow.（如果天氣允許，我們明天將去野餐。）這里“Weatherpermitting”是獨立主格結(jié)構(gòu)，“Weather”是邏輯主語，“permitting”是現(xiàn)在分詞，整個結(jié)構(gòu)在句中表示條件。意思是天氣發(fā)出“允許”這個動作，和句子的主語“we”不同。名詞/代詞+過去分詞例如：Thejobfinished,wewenthome.（工作完成后，我們回家了。）“Thejob”是邏輯主語，“finished”是過去分詞，表示工作被完成，這個結(jié)構(gòu)在句中表示時間，即工作完成之后。名詞/代詞+不定式例如：Alotofworktodo,hehadtostayuplate.（有許多工作要做，他不得不熬夜。）“Alotofwork”是邏輯主語，“todo”是不定式，這個獨立主格結(jié)構(gòu)表示原因，因為有很多工作要做，所以他熬夜。名詞/代詞+形容詞例如：Theboy,hisfacered,ranintotheclassroom.（男孩滿臉通紅地跑進教室。）“hisface”是邏輯主語，“red”是形容詞，此結(jié)構(gòu)表示伴隨狀況，男孩跑進去的時候臉是紅的這種狀態(tài)。名詞/代詞+副詞例如：Themeetingover,theyalllefttheroom.（會議結(jié)束后，他們都離開了房間。）“Themeeting”是邏輯主語，“over”是副詞，這里表示時間，會議結(jié)束這個時間點之后他們離開。名詞/代詞+介詞短語例如：Thegirl,abookinherhand,walkedintothelibrary.（女孩手里拿著一本書走進圖書館。）“abook”是邏輯主語，“inherhand”是介詞短語，這個結(jié)構(gòu)表示伴隨，女孩走進圖書館的同時手里拿著書。習(xí)題練習(xí)Thetest____(finish),webeganourholiday.Allthings____(consider),herpaperisofgreatervaluethanyours.Themeeting____(be)over,everyonetriedtogohomeearlier.Weather____(permit),wearegoingtovisityoutomorrow.Such____(be)thecase,Ihavenootherchoices.Theboylayonthegrass,hishands____(cross)underhishead.There____(be)nobuses,wehadtowalkhome.Thegirlstaredatthepainting,hereyes____(fill)withadmiration.Moretime____(give),weshouldhavedonethejobmuchbetter.Thethiefstoodbeforethepoliceman,hishead____(lower).Thework____(do),theywenthome,singingandlaughing.Thepresidententeredthehall,allthepeople____(stand)up.Theteachercamein,abook____(hold)inhishand.Thegirlcameintotheroom,herface____(turn)red.Time____(fly),weshouldmakegooduseofeveryminute.Theoldmansatinthechair,hiseyes____(close).Thelecture____(begin),helefthisseatsoquietlythatnoonecomplained.Thehouse____(destroy)inthestorm,theyhadtoliveinatent.Thegirlwalkedintheforest,adog____(follow)her.Thedoor____(open),agustofwindblewin.Thelastbus____(go),wehadtowalkhome.

Herglasses____(break),shecouldn'tseethewordsontheblackboardclearly.

Theboy____(lead)theway,wehadnotroublefindingthehiddencave.

Thehomework____(handin),thestudentswentouttoplay.

Theroom____(clean),itlookedmorecomfortable.

Thegirl____(sit)onthebench,shewasreadinganovel.

Theproject____(complete),theystartedtocelebrate.

Thewindow____(open),thefreshaircamein.

Theletter____(write),heputitintotheenvelope.

Themusic____(play),theatmospherebecamemorerelaxing.

Thecar____(repair),wecanuseitnow.

Theflag____(fly)highinthesky,thesoldiersstoodatattention.

Thestory____(tell),everyonewasdeeplymoved.

Thefire____(putout),thefirefightersleftthescene.

Thebridge____(build),itconnectedthetwovillages.

Theflowers____(water),theygrewmorevigorously.

Theexam____(end),thestudentssighedwithrelief.

Thecurtain____(draw),theplaywasabouttostart.

Theroad____(block),wehadtofindanotherway.

Thespeech____(give),theaudienceburstintoapplause.三．答案finishedconsideredbeingpermittingbeingcrossedbeingfilledgivenlowereddonestandingheldturningflyingclo