TheSecretLanguageofPlants(Langaugepoints)Manycultureshavestoriesoftalkingtreesthatgiveadviceaswellaswarningstopeople.AlexandertheGreatandMarcoPoloweresaidtohavevisitedsuchatreeinIndia.aswellas和，也，又...besaidtohavedonesth.據(jù)說...已經(jīng)做了某事1aswellas

【詞匯拓展】aswellas意為“和……一樣好”，和；aswellas作介詞相當(dāng)于besides,意思為“除……之外,還有”,后面通常接名詞或動詞-ing形式,尤其是位于句首時。aswell是副詞短語,其意思為“也”,相當(dāng)于too,它一般放在句末,有時和連詞and或but搭配使用。Aswellaseatingfiveapples,theydranksevenbottlesofwine.HespeaksChineseaswellasJane.Itisinhisbestinterestsaswellasyours.Theyvisitedsomefactories,hospitalsaswellastheschool.當(dāng)用作主語的成分后面跟有由but,except,besides,including,like,with,aswellas,alongwith,inadditionto,ratherthan,togetherwith等引出的短語時，謂語動詞習(xí)慣上要與這些結(jié)構(gòu)前面的主語保持一致（就遠(yuǎn)一致）。1、Tomaswellashisparents_________(enjoy)fishing.2、Youaswellasyourbrother____________(praise).enjoysarepraised2Iamsorrytohavekeptyouwaiting.Theypretendedtohavefinishedthejob.tohavevisitedsuchatree是不定式的完成式。如果不定式所表示的動作發(fā)生在謂語動詞之前,就要用完成式。2【句式拓展】(1)不定式的一般式所表示的動作通常與謂語的動作或狀態(tài)同時或幾乎同時發(fā)生,或是在它之后發(fā)生。(2)如果謂語動詞的動作(情況)發(fā)生時,不定式表示的動作正在進(jìn)行,這時,不定式就要用進(jìn)行式。(3)動詞expect,

intend,

plan,

hope,

mean,

promise,

suppose,

think,

want,

wish

等的過去式加不定式的完成式,或他們的過去完成時加不定式的一般式表示過去沒有實(shí)現(xiàn)的愿望、期待或計劃等。Iplantoattendthemeetingtobeheldtomorrow.Hehappenedtobepassingbywhentheaccidenthappened.Iintendedtohavecalledonyou,butIhadanunexpectedvisitor.不定式的完成式句式拓展Withuslongbelievingthattalkingplantsarefantasy,newresearchhasrevealedsomethingamazing:itappears

thatplantscancommunicateafterall.appear似乎，好像(不用于進(jìn)行時)Thereappeared

tobenosignificantdifferencebetweenthetwogroups.

②Themanappeared

tohavehadaheartattack.③Itappears

thattherehasbeenamistake.

Ithasbeenknown

forsometime

thatplantsusechemicalstocommunicatewitheachother.Translation人們早就知道植物可以利用化學(xué)物質(zhì)相互交流。3【句式拓展】(1)that從句作主語時,可以用it來替換成以下幾種結(jié)構(gòu):①Itis+名詞短語+從句:這樣的名詞短語有afact,asurprise,anhonor,apity,commonknowledge(常識)等。②Itis+形容詞+從句:這樣的形容詞有natural,true,strange,necessary,important,obvious,certain,wonderful,funny,possible,likely等。③It+動詞+從句:這樣的動詞有seem,happen,appear,look,matter,make,strike,occur(突然想起)等。④It+be+分詞+從句:這樣的分詞有said,reported,believed,known,proved,thought,expected,announced,arranged,hoped,agreed等。it作形式主語句式拓展【句式拓展】(2)it除了可以替代主語從句作主語外,還可以替代不定式或動詞-ing作主語。①Itis+adj./n.+todosth②Itisnouse/nogood/uselessdoingsthItisnecessaryforyoutolearnasecondforeignlanguage.Itiscommonknowledgethatthefullmoonbringsfairweather.4.Thishappenswhenaplant,say(比方說）abeanplant,getsattackedby（被攻擊/襲擊)insects.Theplantreleasestinyamountsof(微量的）chemicalsfromtheleavesthatarebeingeaten.release:v.

釋放(化學(xué)品等)①Adrenalin(腎上腺素)

isreleasedinmomentsofdanger.②Plantsreleasewaterthroughtheirleavesbytranspiration(蒸騰作用).

4amountsof

意為“大量的”,尤與不可數(shù)名詞連用。Itwasprofitableforthemtoproducelargeamountsoffood.Iwentoutforameallastnightanddrankamountsofredwine.【詞匯拓展】theamountof...……的數(shù)量alarge/greatamountof+n.[U]大量的……(作主語時,謂語用單數(shù))largeamountsof+n.[U]大量的……(作主語時,謂語用復(fù)數(shù))inamount(=inall)總之,總計;在數(shù)量上amountto總計,合計(amount為動詞)Theirtravelingexpensesamounttosevenhundreddollars.Someofthesechemicalsdriveinsectsaway.Othersattractinsects—thewasps!Thewaspskilltheinsectsthatareeatingthebeanplants.drive...away趕走...,使離去;驅(qū)車離開；Scientistshopetolearnmoreaboutthisplantwarningsystem,sothatwecanuseittogrowcropswithoutpesticides.Achilliplantcantellifaneighbouringplantishelpful,orunfriendly.Sometreesmakeclickingnoiseswhenthereisnotenoughwater,indicating

droughtisarriving.tell識別，辨別Translation辣椒可以知道自己附近的植物是敵是友。還有些樹木在缺水時會發(fā)出咔嗒聲，以示干旱就要來了。clickv.發(fā)出滴答聲；發(fā)出咔嚓聲；點(diǎn)擊，用鼠標(biāo)點(diǎn)擊；（因突然明白而）恍然大悟；（與某人情投意合，合得來）Thedoorclickedshut.Clickforafriend?WhenIsawtheanswer,itsuddenlyclicked.Mostsurprisinglyofall,plantshaveanamazingsystemofcommunicationthatcanlinknearlyeveryplantinaforest.link...to/with把...和...聯(lián)系起來Scientistscallthissystemthe“woodwideweb".Itis

insomeways

similartotheInternetweuse.

callsb.sth.稱呼某人某物besimilarto與...相似insomeways在某些方面WhiletheInternetisa

worldwidlenetworkofcomputerslinkedbycablesandsatellites,thewoodwidewebislinked

undergroundbyfungi.

Thisfungalnetwork

linkstherootsofdifferentplantstoeachother.link...with/to...將...和...聯(lián)系/連接起來belinkedto/with...將...和...聯(lián)系/連接起來Translation互聯(lián)網(wǎng)是通過電纜和衛(wèi)星連接的全球計算機(jī)網(wǎng)絡(luò),而植物萬維網(wǎng)則是在地下通過真菌連接而成的。這個真菌網(wǎng)絡(luò)將不同植物的根彼此連接。Usingthewoodwideweb,plantscanshareinformationandevenfoodwitheachother.Plantscansteal

foodfrom

eachother,or

spreadpoisonstoattackotherplants.steal...from...從...偷...Perhapsonedayscientistswilllearnhowtocreatea

“firewall”防火墻

tohelppreventtheseattackswithinthewoodwideweb.Scientistsarelearningmoreeverydayabout

thesecretwaysinwhichplantstalktoeachother.Idon’tliketheway

thatyouspeaktoher.Theway

inwhichheansweredthequestionwasstrange.Shewaspleased