地基基礎(chǔ)檢測技術(shù)淺層平板載荷試驗(yàn)理論知識(shí)(二)

Theoreticalknowledgeofshallowplateloadtestsforfoundationtestingtechnology(II)設(shè)備儀器及其安裝

Equipmentandinstrumentsandtheirinstallation010101設(shè)備儀器及其安裝

Equipmentandinstrumentsandtheirinstallation1.反力裝置

1.Reactiondevice壓重平臺(tái)反力裝置

Reactiondeviceofballastplatform設(shè)備儀器及其安裝

Equipmentandinstrumentsandtheirinstallation提供的反力不得小于最大加載量的1.2倍

Thereactionprovidedshallnotbelessthan1.2timesofmaximumloadingcapacity應(yīng)對(duì)其主要受力構(gòu)件進(jìn)行強(qiáng)度和變形驗(yàn)算

Checkingcalculationsshallbeperformedonstrengthanddeformationofitsmainload-bearingmember壓重應(yīng)在試驗(yàn)前一次加足

Theballastshallbefullyaddedatonetimebeforethetest施加于地基的壓應(yīng)力不宜大于地基承載力特征值的1.5倍

Thecompressivestressappliedtothefoundationshallnotbegreaterthan1.5timesthecharacteristicvalueofthebearingcapacityofthefoundation壓重平臺(tái)反力裝置

Reactiondeviceofballastplatform壓重平臺(tái)反力裝置應(yīng)符合下列規(guī)定:

Thereactiondeviceofballastplatformshallmeetthefollowingrequirements:1.反力裝置

1.Reactiondevice設(shè)備儀器及其安裝

Equipmentandinstrumentsandtheirinstallation為什么說加載反力裝置能提供的反力不得小于最大加載量的1.2倍?

Whyisitthattheloadingreactiondeviceshallbecapableofprovidingareactionnotlessthan1.2timesofmaximumloadingcapacity?主要是考慮平臺(tái)重心相對(duì)于千斤頂軸心的偏心影響可能造成的傾斜。

Thepossibleinclinationcausedbytheeccentricityoftheplatformcenterofgravityrelativetothejackaxisismainlyconsidered.1.反力裝置

1.Reactiondevice巖基載荷試驗(yàn)

Rockfoundationloadtest為什么壓重應(yīng)在試驗(yàn)前一次加足?

Whyshouldtheballastbefullyaddedatonetimebeforethetest?加載反力裝置應(yīng)優(yōu)先選用壓重平臺(tái)反力裝置。與樁的靜載試驗(yàn)相比，平板載荷試驗(yàn)的試驗(yàn)荷載要小得多，因此，要求壓重應(yīng)在試驗(yàn)前一次加足。

Thereactiondeviceofballastplatformshallbepreferredforloadingreactiondevice.Theplateloadtesthasamuchsmallertestloadthanthestaticloadtestofthepile.Therefore,itisrequiredthattheballastshouldbefullyaddedatonetimebeforethetest.1.反力裝置

1.Reactiondevice巖基載荷試驗(yàn)

Rockfoundationloadtest為什么說壓重平臺(tái)支墩施加于地基的壓應(yīng)力不宜大于地基承載力特征值的1.5倍?

Whyshouldthecompressivestressappliedtothefoundationbythebuttressoftheballastplatformnotbegreaterthan1.5timesthecharacteristicvalueofthebearingcapacityofthefoundation?考慮壓重平臺(tái)施加于支墩地基的荷載不超過地基承載力極限值。因?yàn)樵囼?yàn)措施為臨時(shí)措施，所以沒必要要求小于特征值，以減少試驗(yàn)準(zhǔn)備的工作量。

Itisconsideredthattheloadappliedbytheballastplatformonthebuttressfoundationdoesnotexceedthelimitvalueofthebearingcapacityofthefoundation.Becausethetestmeasuresaretemporary,itisnotnecessarytorequirelessthanthecharacteristicvaluetoreducetheworkloadoftestpreparation.1.反力裝置

1.Reactiondevice設(shè)備儀器及其安裝

Equipmentandinstrumentsandtheirinstallation2.荷重測量裝置

2.Loadmeasuringdevice直接測定

Directlymeasuretheload形式一

TypeI測定油壓，根據(jù)干斤頂率定曲線換算荷載

Measuretheoilpressureandtheloadshallbeconvertedaccordingtothejackratingcurve形式二

TypeII設(shè)備儀器及其安裝

Equipmentandinstrumentsandtheirinstallation3.位移量測裝置

3.Displacementmeasuringdevice或

or位移傳感器

Displacementsensor大量程百分表

Longrangedialgauge設(shè)備儀器及其安裝

Equipmentandinstrumentsandtheirinstallation3.位移量測裝置

3.DisplacementmeasuringdeviceS>0.5m2安裝數(shù)量

InstallationQuantity位移測

Displacementmeasuring量儀表

instrument位移測

Displacementmeasuring量儀表

instrumentS≤0.5m2位移傳感器或大量程百分表安裝應(yīng)符合下列規(guī)定：

Theinstallationofdisplacementsensororlongrangedialindicatorshallmeetthefollowingrequirements:承壓板

Bearingplate承壓板

Bearingplate設(shè)備儀器及其安裝

Equipmentandinstrumentsandtheirinstallation3.位移量測裝置

3.Displacementmeasuringdevice位移傳感器或大量程百分表安裝應(yīng)符合下列規(guī)定：

Theinstallationofdisplacementsensororlongrangedialindicatorshallmeetthefollowingrequirements:承壓板

Bearingplate承壓板

Bearingplate位于承壓板每邊中點(diǎn)

Atthemidpointofeachsideofthebearingplate宜為25mm~50mm

Shallbe25mm~50mm設(shè)備儀器及其安裝

Equipmentandinstrumentsandtheirinstallation基準(zhǔn)樁和基準(zhǔn)梁應(yīng)具有一定的剛度

Thereferencepileandreferencebeamshallhaveacertainstiffness3.位移量測裝置

3.Displacementmeasuringdevice基準(zhǔn)梁的一端應(yīng)固定在基準(zhǔn)樁上

Oneendofthereferencebeamshallbefixedtothereferencepile另一端應(yīng)簡支于基準(zhǔn)樁上

Theotherendshallbesimplysupportedonthereferencepile設(shè)備儀器及其安裝

Equipmentandinstrumentsandtheirinstallation3.位移量測裝置

3.Displacementmeasuringdevice固定和支撐位移測量儀表的夾具及基準(zhǔn)梁應(yīng)避免太陽照射、振動(dòng)及其他外界因素的影響。

Fixtureforfixingandsupportingdisplacementmeasuringinstrumentandreferencebeamshallavoidtheinfluenceofsunlight,vibrationandotherexternalfactors.設(shè)備儀器及其安裝

Equipmentandinstrumentsandtheirinstallation4.儀器設(shè)備性能指標(biāo)

4.PerformanceIndicatorsoftheInstrumentsandEquipment試驗(yàn)儀器設(shè)備性能指標(biāo)應(yīng)符合下列規(guī)定：

Theperformanceindicatorsofthetestinstrumentsandequipmentshallmeetthefollowingrequirements:壓力傳感器的測量誤差不應(yīng)大于1%，壓力表精度應(yīng)優(yōu)于或等于0.4級(jí)；

Themeasurementerrorofthepressuresensorshallnotbegreaterthan1%,andtheaccuracyofthepressuregaugeshallbebetterthanorequaltograde0.4;試驗(yàn)用千斤頂、油泵、油管在最大試驗(yàn)荷載時(shí)的壓力不應(yīng)超過規(guī)定工作壓力的80%。

Thepressureofjack,oilpumpandoilpipefortestundermaximumtestloadshallnotexceed80%ofthespecifiedworkingpressure.設(shè)備儀器及其安裝

Equipmentandinstrumentsandtheirinstallation4.儀器設(shè)備性能指標(biāo)

4.PerformanceIndicatorsoftheInstrumentsandEquipment試驗(yàn)儀器設(shè)備性能指標(biāo)應(yīng)符合下列規(guī)定：

Theperformanceindicatorsofthetestinstrumentsandequipmentshallmeetthefollowingrequirements:荷重傳感器、千斤頂、壓力表或壓力傳感器的量程不應(yīng)大于最大加載量的3.0倍，且不應(yīng)小于最大加載量的1.2倍；

Therangeofloadsensor,jack,pressuregaugeorpressuresensorshallnotbegreaterthan3.0timesofthemaximumloadingcapacityandshallnotbelessthan1.2timesofthemaximumloadingcapacity;位移測量儀表的測量誤差不應(yīng)大于0.1%FS，分辨力應(yīng)優(yōu)于或等于0.01mm。

Themeasurementerrorofdisplacementmeasuringinstrumentshallnotbegreaterthan0.1%offullscale,andtheresolutionshallbebetterthanorequalto0.01mm.設(shè)備儀器及其安裝

Equipmentandinstrumentsandtheirinsta