中考語法知識第十一節(jié)非謂語動詞廣東省卷近4年中考統(tǒng)計(※語法選擇◆完形填空★短文填空)考點2020年2021年2022年2023年不定式※(expect…)tomake★(clothes)towear★what(todo)※(come)toenjoy※(toldher)totake★(liketo)drink※(need)toleave廣東省卷近4年中考統(tǒng)計(※語法選擇◆完形填空★短文填空)考點2020年2021年2022年2023年省略to的不定式————動名詞————命題趨向從近4年廣東中考的情況來看，非謂語動詞是必考點，考查的都是動詞不定式。2024年考生備考時仍要重點掌握動詞不定式，但同時要掌握分詞、動名詞和省略to的不定式的用法。中考說明從近4年的廣東中考英語的考查情況來看，動詞不定式是必考點，每年均考查1～2題，以短文填空和語法選擇為主。主要考查動詞不定式最基本的用法，

主要集中在對動詞不定式作賓語及賓語補足語、動詞不定式常用句型和搭配的考查上，2024年備考時要求熟練掌握動詞不定式的各種用法。非謂語動詞概述類型要點定義非謂語動詞指不能獨立作謂語，

但又具備動詞的某些特征的動詞形式類型要點特點沒有人稱和數(shù)的變化，

可以充當(dāng)除謂語外其他的句子成分，

如主語、賓語、賓語補足語、表語、定語或狀語等，

起名詞、形容詞或副詞的作用形式(1)由“to＋動詞原形”構(gòu)成的不定式；(2)由“動詞原形＋-ing”構(gòu)成的現(xiàn)在分詞或動名詞；(3)由“動詞原形＋-ed”構(gòu)成的過去分詞(包括動詞的不規(guī)則變化)考點一：動詞不定式句子成分用法例句作主語動詞不定式作主語時，

句子的謂語動詞常用單數(shù)，

其位置有以下兩種形式：(1)把不定式置于句首；(2)把不定式后置，

常用it作形式主語，

把真正的主語置于句后Todotheworkwellisnoteasy.Itisourdutytokeeptheenvironmentcleanandtidy.句子成分用法例句作賓語只能跟不定式作賓語的動詞有：hope,want,wouldlike,decide,wish,choose,agree,ask,expect等；當(dāng)復(fù)合賓語中的賓語是不定式時，

常用形式賓語it代替不定式，

把不定式置于補語之后，

即：主語＋動詞＋it＋補語＋todoIhopetoseehimassoonaspossible.Idecidedtoaskformymoneyback.IfinditdifficulttolearnEnglishwell.句子成分用法例句作賓語補足語常用不定式作賓語補足語的動詞有：ask,tell,want,teach,help,invite,advise,encourage,like,waitfor等；謂語動詞如果是使役動詞make,let,have或表示感官的動詞see,hear,watch,notice,feel等，后面復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu)中的不定式不帶toPleaseaskhimtocomeherequickly.Theteacherwantsusalltobecomegoodpupils.Ididn’thearanyonesayanythingaboutit.句子成分用法例句作表語不定式作表語表示具體動作或?qū)韯幼?；?dāng)主語是duty,wish,idea,job,dream,plan等詞時，

作表語的非謂語動詞常用不定式，

以說明主語的內(nèi)容Toseeistobelieve.Ourplanistofinishtheworkinamonth.句子成分用法例句作定語不定式作定語時，

與其所修飾的名詞有動賓關(guān)系。若動詞不定式中的動詞是不及物動詞，

還需加上必要的介詞，

構(gòu)成及物動詞短語。不定式在句中作定語，

置于被修飾的名詞或代詞之后Thedoctorsaidhecoulddonothingtohelptheboy.ThenexttraintoarriveisfromWashington.句子成分用法例句作狀語不定式作狀語時，

其邏輯主語要和句子的主語保持一致Wewenttothehospitaltoseeourteacher.I’msorrytotroubleyou.注意：“疑問詞＋動詞不定式”結(jié)構(gòu)的作用相當(dāng)于一個名詞性從句，常用在動詞tell,know,imagine,learn,decide,forget,remember,consider,understand等后面作賓語，

也可作主語、表語、同位語等?！踞槍毩?xí)】(

)1．(2023廣州，4)Hewasnotfastenough________theworms(蟲子)MamaBirdbroughtback.A．get B．gotC．getting D．togetD

(

)2．(2023南通，12)________healthy，we’vegotusedtowashinghandsbeforemealsandusingpublicchopsticks.A．Keeping B．KeepC．Tokeep D．Tokeeping(

)3．Formorethanonce,ourheadteacherasksus________thehabitofkeepingadiary.A．develop B．developsC．developing D．todevelopC

D

(

)4．Hewasalwaysexpecting________anOscarandfinallyhemadeit.A．towin B．winningC．nottowin D．notwinning(

)5．Weadviseparents________theirchildrenathomealoneinordertokeepthemawayfromdanger.A．notleave B．nottoleaveC．leave D．toleaveA

B

考點二：動名詞句子成分用法例句作主語動名詞作主語時，

可以像動詞不定式一樣，

用形式主語it代替，

而把動名詞置于句中或句尾Learningfromothersisimportant.It’snogoodlearningEnglishwithoutspeakingit.句子成分用法例句作賓語(1)有些動詞需用動名詞來作賓語，

如mind,suggest等；(2)介詞后接動名詞作賓語Pleasestopsmokinginthehouse.Whatabouthavingsomegrapes？句子成分用法例句作表語動名詞作表語時相當(dāng)于名詞，

說明主語的含義及內(nèi)容，

它與主語是同等關(guān)系Myhobbyisswimming.作定語動名詞作定語時，

表示它所修飾的名詞的性能和用途Hesleptinthesleepingbag.【針對練習(xí)】(

)1．(2023廣州，9)Whenhisbrothersandsisterswoke,LittleSixhadalreadyfinishedallhisexercises.Morningaftermorning，hepracticed________hiswings，andtheyweregettingstrongerandstronger.A．flap B．toflapC．flapping D．flappedC

(

)2．—HaveyoureadthebookJane

Eyre?—Yes.It’safamousbookandreallyworth________.A．toread B．readingC．toberead D．read(

)3．Martinwassobusy________aftertheoldthathegaveuphispart-timejob.A．looking B．lookedC．tolook D．lookB

A

(

)4．—Thanksfor________mewithmyEnglish.—It’smypleasure.I’mgladyou’vemadesuchgreatprogress.A．help B．tohelpC．helping D．helpedC

一、單項選擇(

)1．(2023鎮(zhèn)江，7)Travellerscan’twait________theirnewtoursinthecomingholiday.A．tostart B．startingC．started D．startA

(

)2．(2023揚州，6)Scienceismyfavoritesubject,soIhaveprepared________theSTEAMClub.A．join B．joiningC．tojoin D．tojoiningC

(

)3．(2023宿遷，7)—OurschoolwillinviteMr.Wang________usatalkonenvironmentalprotectionnextweek.—That’swonderful!A．give B．togiveC．giving D．gaveB

(

)4．YunnanMuseumissuchaninterestingplacethatmanykidshavefun________it.A．visiting B．tovisitC．visit D．visitedA

(

)5．—Pleasestaywithmethisweekend.—I’msorry,butmyfatherandIplanned________Beijingalongtimeago.A．visit B．visitingC．tovisit D．visitedC

(

)6．—Doyouhaveanyplansfortheholiday?—Yes,I’mplanningtotraveltoJiuzhaigou.I’mlookingforwardto________thecolorfullakesandamazingwaterfalls.A．see B．seeingC．sees D．sawB

(

)7．Wearesupposed________somehouseworkwithourparentswhenwehavefreetime.A．toshare B．sharingC．shared D．share(

)8．Myparentsdon’tallowme________TVonschoolnights.A．towatch B．watchC．watches D．watchingA

A

(

)9．IliketheTVprogramThe

Readerbest.Ithinkweshouldspendasmuchtimeaswecan________inoursparetime.A．read B．toreadC．reading D．reads(

)10．Theteachersoftentellus________intheriver.It’sdangerous.A．notswim B．don’tswimC．notswimming D．nottoswimC

D

(

)11．Hetookoffhisexpensivewatch________thefactthathewasrich.A．tohide B．hidC．hide D．hidden(

)12．Itiswise________Lindatomakeuphermind________toplayaninstrument.A．for;learning B．for;tolearnC．of;learning D．of;tolearnA

D

(

)13．—Ihavetrouble________thenewword.Canyouhelpme?—Sure.Youcanlookitupinthedictionary.A．understanding B．tounderstandC．understand D．understoodA

(

)14．Momlikes________soapoperas.Let’sbuyaTVforher.A．becoming B．watchingC．looking D．smellingB

(

)15．—Ihavedifficulty________English,Mr.Lee.—WhynotgototheEnglishCornerandtrytotalkwithothers?A．reading B．writingC．speaking D．listeningC

二、完成句子1．Itisourduty___________________________cleanandtidy.保持環(huán)境干凈整潔是我們的職責(zé)。2．Ihope________________yousoon.我希望盡快收到你的來信。to

keep

the

environment

to

hear

from

3．Wecanalsorelaxourselvesby____________________ordoingsomesports.我們也可以通過聽音樂或做一些運動來放松自己。4．Thepaintinghasalastingvalue,so__________________________.這幅畫有著永恒的價值，因此它值得保存。listening

to

music

it’s

worth

keeping

5．_______________________________,wealsocollectedrecyclablewaste.為了節(jié)約資