LANGUAGESAROUNDTHEWORLD單元加餐練Ⅰ.閱讀理解AstudentislearningtospeakBritishEnglish.Hewonders:CanIcommunicatewithAmericans?Cantheyunderstandme?LearnersofEnglishoftenask:WhatarethedifferencesbetweenBritishandAmericanEnglish?Howimportantarethesedifferences?Certainly!TherearesomedifferencesbetweenBritishandAmericanEnglish.Thereareafewdifferencesingrammar.Forexample,speakersofBritishEnglishsay“inhospital”and“Haveyouapen？”Americanssay“inthehospital！”and“Doyouhaveapen？”Pronunciationissometimesdifferent.Americansusuallysoundtheirsinwordslike“bird”and“hurt”.SpeakersofBritishEnglishdonotsoundtheirsinthesewords.TherearedifferencesbetweenBritishandAmericanEnglishinspellingandvocabulary.Forexample,“colour”and“honour”areBritish,“color”and“honor”areAmerican.Thesedifferencesingrammar,pronunciation,spellingandvocabularyarenotimportant,however.Forthemostpart,BritishandAmericanEnglisharethesamelanguage.文章講解并描述了美國(guó)英語(yǔ)和英國(guó)英語(yǔ)之間的差別主要在四個(gè)方面，并說(shuō)明白它們屬于同一種語(yǔ)言，這兩國(guó)人在相互理解方面沒有什么困難。1．Accordingtothispassage,astudentwhoislearningtospeakAmericanEnglishmightbeafraidthat________.A．BritishpeoplecannotunderstandhimB．AmericanpeoplecannotunderstandhimC．thegrammaristoohardforhimD．thespellingistoohardforhim答案：A解析：推理推斷題。依據(jù)文章第一段其次、三句Hewonders:CanIcommunicatewithAmericans?Cantheyunderstandme?說(shuō)明學(xué)英國(guó)英語(yǔ)的人會(huì)擔(dān)憂美國(guó)人能否聽懂，而學(xué)美國(guó)英語(yǔ)的人也擔(dān)憂英國(guó)人是否能聽懂。故A正確。2．AmericanEnglishandBritishEnglisharedifferentin________.A．spelling B．pronunciationC．grammar D．a(chǎn)lloftheabove答案：D解析：細(xì)微環(huán)節(jié)理解題。依據(jù)其次段“Thereareafewdifferencesingrammar.”“Pronunciationissometimesdifferent.”“TherearedifferencesbetweenBritishandAmericanEnglishinspellingandvocabulary.”這三句說(shuō)明美國(guó)英語(yǔ)和英國(guó)英語(yǔ)在語(yǔ)法、拼法、詞匯和發(fā)音方面都有差異。故D正確。3．Most________say“Doyouhaveawatch？”A．Britishpeople B．AmericansC．children D．teachers答案：B解析：細(xì)微環(huán)節(jié)理解題。依據(jù)其次段第四句Americanssay“inthehospital！”and“Doyouhaveapen？”說(shuō)明Doyouhaveawatch？是講美國(guó)英語(yǔ)的人所說(shuō)。故B正確。4．Accordingtothispassage,BritishpeopleandAmericanshave________difficultyinunderstandingeachother.A．littleB．muchC．someD．great答案：A解析：推理推斷題。依據(jù)文章最終一句Forthemostpart,BritishandAmericanEnglisharethesamelanguage.說(shuō)明這是一種語(yǔ)言，那么這兩國(guó)人在理解對(duì)方的語(yǔ)言方面沒有什么困難。故A正確。Ⅱ.七選五Likeanygoodmachine,thebrainneedsalittlecareandattentionasitagestoensureitcontinuestoruningoodworkingorder.__1__.Don'tlosefaithinyourabilitiesAspeoplegetolder,it'seasytothinkthatyourmemoryisalreadypoor.__2__.Soifyoudofindyourselfhesitatinginadoorwaynotreallyknowingwhereyouaremeanttobe,justseeitasaremindertopushyourmemoryalittlebitharder.Learnalanguageoramusicalinstrument__3__，suchaslearningthepianoorpickingupanewlanguage.Bothrelyonawideskillset,exercisingyourmemory,attentionandsoon.__4__Obesitycanharmyourbraininmanyways.Thegoodnewsisthatcertainnutrientsseemtoreduceage-relateddamagetothebrain.ThismayexplainwhyolderpeopleeatingatypicallyMediterraneandiettendedtoshowthesamecognitiveskillsaspeople7.5yearstheiryounger.Buildyourbody__5__.Physicalactivitynotonlybuildsabetterbloodflowtothebrain,butalsoincreasesproteinssuchas“nervegrowthfactor”.Sojustchooseatrainingthatsuitsyourfitness.A．Don'tfeastonjunkfoodB．BenefityourbrainfromahealthydietC．WetendtoloseconfidenceinourmentalabilitiesD．HerearesomepromisingwaystosharpenyourbrainE．YoushouldconsideramoreambitiousmentalworkoutF．Infact,itisjustaslikelytohappentoyoungandoldalikeG．Gettinginshapeisoneofthesurestwaystobuildyourmind本文是一篇說(shuō)明文，人腦和機(jī)器一樣須要我們的關(guān)愛和護(hù)理，文章提出了四大確保大腦健康運(yùn)轉(zhuǎn)的建議。1．D解析：本句起著承上啟下的作用。前一句告知我們須要關(guān)愛大腦，保證它能夠接著運(yùn)轉(zhuǎn)。在后四段里分別提出了四條建議。D項(xiàng)“Herearesomepromisingwaystosharpenyourbrain”可以承接前句，也可以引出后句。故選D項(xiàng)。2．F解析：由橫線前一句“Aspeoplegetolder,it'seasytothinkthatyourmemoryisalreadypoor.”可知隨著人們變老，人們會(huì)認(rèn)為自己的記憶也會(huì)變差。事實(shí)上記憶變差的狀況年輕人和老人都可能會(huì)有。所以當(dāng)你發(fā)覺自己記憶力不好的時(shí)候，不要失去信念。F項(xiàng)“Infact,itisjustaslikelytohappentoyoungandoldalike”符合語(yǔ)境，故選F項(xiàng)。3．E解析：本段的主題和橫線后一句“suchaslearningthepianoorpickingupanewlanguage.”都在建議我們要有更難的思維熬煉，可以學(xué)習(xí)鋼琴或另外一門語(yǔ)言。E項(xiàng)“Youshouldconsideramoreambitiousmentalworkout”符合語(yǔ)境，故選E項(xiàng)。4．B解析：由本段第一句“Obesitycanharmyourbraininmanyways.”可知我們的肥胖會(huì)損害我們的大腦。所以我們肯定要有健康的飲食，確保我們身心健康。B項(xiàng)“Benefityourbrainfromahealthydiet”符合語(yǔ)境，故選B項(xiàng)。5．G解析：本段的建議是“Buildyourbody”，熬煉身體對(duì)于思維的熬煉同樣有特別重要的作用。G項(xiàng)“Gettinginshapeisoneofthesurestwaystobuildyourmind”符合上下文語(yǔ)境，故G項(xiàng)正確。Ⅲ.完形填空AfterIgraduatedfromcollege,Itriedtofindwork.Iappliedeverywherebutnoone__1__me.FinallyI__2__ajobinagrouphomeformentallydisabledpeople.Itwasn't__3__work.Ourworkincludedthefeeding,dressing,andsafetyofourclients(托付人).Alsowehadtotakethemtotheirsupportedjobs,andhelpthemto__4__theirbehaviorswhentheyactedout.Itwasadifficultjobemotionally(感情上)andIreallywasn't__5__forit.Infact,Ididn't__6__togotoworkeachday.Oneofourclientswasayoungmanwhocouldn't__7__andwouldoftenbehavebadlywhenwantingtoexpresssomething.Hedid__8__walkingoutside,however,sotheotherworkerswouldoftenhavemetakehimforawalkuptheroadto__9__himdown.Onedaywhenwewereout__10__，Isuddenlyfeltsomethingtouchmyfingers.Theyoungmanwastryingto__11__myhand.__12__pushingitaway,Itookhis__13__andwewalkedalongtogetherinthesunshine.ThenasweturnedtoheadbacktothehomeI__14__it.Therewasalightshininginhiseyes.Itwasfulloflove,happinessandgoodness.InthatmomentIsawpasthis__15__behaviors.Isawwhohereallywas.LittledidIknowthat__16__wouldhelppreparemeformyowntwosons'mentalillness.Itwouldhelpmetoseethe__17__thatlaywithinthemaswellandlearnthatcaringforthemwasnota__18__butanhonor.Itwouldhelpmetorealizetheyweretobemygreatest__19__.Theytaughtmehowtoliveandhowtolove.Theyshowedmetheonlywaytomakesurethatloveandhappinessliveonourplanetisto__20__themthereourselves.本文是一篇記敘文。作者講解并描述了自己高校畢業(yè)后在一家智障人士之家找到了一份工作，全面照看他們的客戶。在一次和客戶外出的過(guò)程中，作者受到了啟發(fā)。后來(lái)，自己的兩個(gè)兒子得了精神疾病，在陪伴他們成長(zhǎng)的過(guò)程中，作者懂得了如何去愛，明白了確保愛和華蜜生活在我們這個(gè)星球上的唯一方法就是我們自己把它們留在那里的道理。1．A.accepted B．understoodC．helped D．praised答案：A解析：考查動(dòng)詞辨析。A.accepted接受；B.understood理解；C.helped幫助；D.praised表?yè)P(yáng)。依據(jù)上文“高校畢業(yè)后，我努力找工作”可知，此處應(yīng)指“我到處申請(qǐng)，但沒有人接受我”。故A選項(xiàng)正確。2．A.created B．offeredC．got D．refused答案：C解析：考查動(dòng)詞辨析。A.created創(chuàng)建；B.offered供應(yīng)；C.got得到；D.refused拒絕。依據(jù)語(yǔ)境可知，最終，作者在一家智障人士之家找到了一份工作。故C選項(xiàng)正確。3．A.dangerous B．easyC．safe D．difficult答案：B解析：考查形容詞辨析。A.dangerous危急的；B.easy簡(jiǎn)單的；C.safe平安的；D.difficult困難的。依據(jù)下文的“我們的工作包括給客戶喂飯、穿衣和負(fù)責(zé)他們的平安”可知，這份工作并不簡(jiǎn)單。故B選項(xiàng)正確。4．A.change B．judgeC．control D．show答案：C解析：考查動(dòng)詞辨析。A.change變更；B.judge推斷；C.control約束；D.show展示。依據(jù)上文可知，作者在智障人士之家工作，此處指“我們還必需帶他們?nèi)プ鏊麄儽恢С值墓ぷ?，并幫助他們?cè)谛袆?dòng)時(shí)約束他們的行為”。故C選項(xiàng)正確。5．A.sorry B．readyC．thankful D．regretful答案：B解析：考查形容詞辨析。A.sorry缺憾的；B.ready打算好的；C.thankful感謝的；D.regretful懊悔的。依據(jù)上文“在情感方面，這是一個(gè)困難的工作”可知，作者對(duì)這份工作還沒有做好打算。故B選項(xiàng)正確。6．A.ask B．a(chǎn)greeC．promise D．want答案：D解析：考查動(dòng)詞辨析。A.ask詢問；B.agree同意；C.promise許諾；D.want想要。依據(jù)上文中可知，作者沒有打算好，帶有工作心情，因此此處應(yīng)指“事實(shí)上，我每天都不想去上班”。故D選項(xiàng)正確。7．A.talk B．hearC．see D．learn答案：A解析：考查動(dòng)詞辨析。A.talk說(shuō)話；B.hear聽見；C.see望見；D.learn了解，學(xué)到。依據(jù)下文對(duì)兩人漫步時(shí)，兩人只是進(jìn)行了肢體上的接觸而沒有語(yǔ)言的溝通可知，這個(gè)客戶不會(huì)說(shuō)話。故A選項(xiàng)正確。8．A.hate B．practiceC．consider D．enjoy答案：D解析：考查動(dòng)詞辨析。A.hate厭煩；B.practice練習(xí)；C.consider考慮；D.enjoy喜愛。依據(jù)下文“其他的工作人員常常讓我?guī)芈仿健笨芍@個(gè)年輕的客戶喜愛出去漫步。故D選項(xiàng)正確。9．A.calm B．breakC．let D．pull答案：A解析：考查動(dòng)詞詞組辨析。A.calmdown安靜下來(lái)；B.breakdown損壞；C.letdown使悲觀；D.pulldown拆毀。依據(jù)上文“在想要表達(dá)某件事的時(shí)候常常表現(xiàn)得很不好”可知，此處指帶他去漫步，是為了讓他能安靜下來(lái)。故A選項(xiàng)正確。10．A.running B．ridingC．walking D．traveling答案：C解析：考查動(dòng)詞辨析。A.running奔跑；B.riding騎；C.walking漫步；D.traveling旅行。依據(jù)上文可知，作者常常帶這個(gè)年輕人外出漫步，此處應(yīng)指“有一天我們外出漫步時(shí)，我突然感到有什么東西碰了碰我的手指”。故C選項(xiàng)正確。11．A.hurt B．holdC．lift D．beat答案：B解析：考查動(dòng)詞辨析。A.hurt損害；B.hold握?。籆.lift舉起；D.beat擊打。依據(jù)語(yǔ)境可知，此處應(yīng)指“那個(gè)年輕人試圖握住我的手”。故B選項(xiàng)正確。12．A.Insteadof B．ExceptforC．Asfor D．Alongwith答案：A解析：考查介詞詞組辨析。A.Insteadof不是……而是……；B.Exceptfor除了……；C.Asfor至于……；D.Alongwith……伴同。依據(jù)下文“我們一起在陽(yáng)光下走著”可知，此處應(yīng)指“我沒有把他的手推開，而是牽起他的手”。故A選項(xiàng)正確。13．A.bag B．clothesC．hand D．head答案：C解析：考查名詞辨析。A.bag背包；B.clothes衣服；C.hand手；D.head頭。依據(jù)語(yǔ)境可知，此處指“我牽起他的手”。故C選項(xiàng)正確。14．A.saw B．gaveC．received D．lost答案：A解析：考查動(dòng)詞辨析。A.saw看到；B.gave賜予；C.received收到；D.lost失去。依據(jù)下文“他的眼睛里閃著光。它充溢了愛、華蜜和和善?！笨芍?，此處應(yīng)指“當(dāng)我們轉(zhuǎn)身回家時(shí)，我看到了它”。故A選項(xiàng)正確。15．A.interesting B．troublingC．shy D．natural答案：B解析：考查形容詞辨析。A.interesting好玩的；B.troubling令人擔(dān)憂的；C.shy羞澀的；D.natural自然的。依據(jù)上文“在想要表達(dá)某件事的時(shí)候常常表現(xiàn)得很不好”及“他的眼睛里閃著光。它充溢了愛、華蜜和和善。”可知，此處應(yīng)指“在那一刻，我看穿了他令人擔(dān)憂的行為。看到了他真實(shí)的一面”。故B選項(xiàng)正確。16．A.skill B．progressC．idea D．experience答案：D解析：考查名詞辨析。A.skill技能；B.progress進(jìn)步；C.idea觀點(diǎn)；D.experience經(jīng)驗(yàn)。依據(jù)語(yǔ)境可知，此處應(yīng)指“我?guī)缀醪恢滥嵌谓?jīng)驗(yàn)會(huì)幫助我為自己兩個(gè)兒子的精神疾病做打算”。故D選項(xiàng)正確。17．A.secret B．lightC．sadness D．dream答案：B解析：考查名詞辨析。A.secret隱私；B.light光明；C.sadness哀痛；D.dream幻想。依據(jù)下文laywithinthem可知，此處指“它將幫助我看到他們內(nèi)心的光明”。故B選項(xiàng)正確。18．A.business B．methodC．result D．duty答案：D解析：考查名詞辨析。A.business事情；B.method方法；C.result結(jié)果；D.duty責(zé)任。依據(jù)上文可知，作者在照看自己的兒子，此處應(yīng)指“并讓我明白照看他們不是一種責(zé)任，而是一種榮譽(yù)”。故D選項(xiàng)正確。19．A.friends B．supportersC．teachers D．students答案：C解析：考查名詞辨析。A.friends摯友；B.supporters支持者；C.teachers老師；D.students學(xué)生。依據(jù)下文“他們教我如何生活，如何去愛?！笨芍?，此處指作者認(rèn)為他們是他最棒的老師。故C選項(xiàng)正確。20．A.find B．putC．expect D．hide答案：B解析：考查動(dòng)詞辨析。A.find發(fā)覺；B.put放；C.expect期盼；D.hide隱藏。依據(jù)語(yǔ)境可知，此處應(yīng)指“他們告知我，確保愛和華蜜生活在我們這個(gè)星球上的唯一方法就是我們自己把它們留在那里”。故B選項(xiàng)正確。Ⅳ.概要寫作閱讀下面短文，依據(jù)其內(nèi)容寫一篇60詞左右的內(nèi)容概要。Revive(復(fù)活)anoldfriendshipWithsocialnetworkingandtheInternet,itiseasierthanevertolocateaformerfriend.Youmightbetemptedtoreviveanoldfriendship,butbeforeyoudo,herearesomethingstokeepinmind.HowDidtheRelationshipEnd?Ifyouandyourfriendjustsortofdriftedapart,youmaybeabletopickuprightwhereyouleftoff.Afterall,peoplemove,havechildren,andgoindifferentdirectionsintheirlife.Sometimesthismeansthatperhapsyourfriendshipwasn'taprioritybackthen,butnowthatthingshavechangeditwillbedifferent.However,ifyouhadafalling-outwithyourfriend,thosenegativeemotionsmaystillexist.Lookatthefriendshiprealistically,andifyoudecideyou'dstillliketomoveforwardyouhavetodooneofthethreethings：·Forgive,iftheblamefellonyourfriend.·Apologize,ifyouwereatfault.·Tellyourfriendyou'dliketostartagain,andworkthroughyourargumentinordertoputitbehindyou.ManageExpectationsIt'simportanttokeepyourexpectationsincheckwhencontactinganoldfriend.Afterall,youmighthavethoughtabouttheideaoffindingthemforawhile,butyourfriendwillprobablybecaughtoffguardbyyourcalloremail.