2024年秋期高中一年級(jí)期終質(zhì)量評(píng)估英語(yǔ)試題注意事項(xiàng)：1.本試卷分第Ⅰ卷（選擇題，滿分95分）和第Ⅱ卷（非選擇題，滿分55分）兩部分。共150分，考試時(shí)間120分鐘。答題前，考生務(wù)必將本人的姓名、準(zhǔn)考證號(hào)等考生信息填寫在答題卡上，并將條形碼準(zhǔn)確粘貼在條形碼區(qū)域內(nèi)。2.選擇題答案使用2B鉛筆填涂，如需改動(dòng)，用橡皮擦干凈后，再選涂其他答案標(biāo)號(hào)；非選擇題答案使用0.5毫米的黑色墨水簽字筆書寫，字體工整、筆跡清楚?？忌鞔饡r(shí)，將答案答在答題卡上（答題注意事項(xiàng)見(jiàn)答題卡），在本試題卷上答題無(wú)效。3.請(qǐng)按照題號(hào)在各題的答題區(qū)域（黑色線框）內(nèi)作答，超出答題區(qū)域書寫的答案無(wú)效。4.保持卡面清潔，不折疊，不破損。5.考試結(jié)束，請(qǐng)將答題卡交回。第Ⅰ卷（選擇題，共95分）第一部分聽(tīng)力（共兩節(jié)，滿分30分）（含期中錯(cuò)題變式再練）做題時(shí)，先將答案標(biāo)在試卷上。錄音內(nèi)容結(jié)束后，你將有兩分鐘的時(shí)間將試卷上的答案轉(zhuǎn)涂到答題卡上。第一節(jié)（共5小題；每小題1.5分，滿分7.5分）聽(tīng)下面5段對(duì)話，每段對(duì)話后有一個(gè)小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)。聽(tīng)完每段對(duì)話后，你都有10秒鐘的時(shí)間來(lái)回答有關(guān)小題和閱讀下一小題，每段對(duì)話僅讀一遍。1.【此處可播放相關(guān)音頻，請(qǐng)去附件查看】HowmanypeoplewillgotoNewYorkforfree?A.Two. B.Three. C.Five.【答案】C【解析】【原文】W:I’msoexcited.M:Anygoodnews?W:JimmyandIgotthechancetovisitNewYorkwithanotherthreepeopleforfree.2.【此處可播放相關(guān)音頻，請(qǐng)去附件查看】Whatdoesthemanadvisethewomantodo?A.Retypealetter. B.MeetMrSmith. C.Checkherwork.【答案】A【解析】【原文】M:Ithinkyou’dbettertypethisletteragainbeforeMrSmithseesit.W:Oh,dear!Isitasbadasthat?3.【此處可播放相關(guān)音頻，請(qǐng)去附件查看】WhowrotetoJane?A.Hermother. B.Herteacher. C.Herfriend.【答案】A【解析】【原文】M:What’sthematterwithJane?Shehasbeensittingthereforhours.W:Aletterfromhermothermadeherfeelhomesick.4.【此處可播放相關(guān)音頻，請(qǐng)去附件查看】Whatisthemanlikelytodo?A.Findaplayer. B.Jointheteam. C.Refusetheoffer.【答案】B【解析】原文】W:Haveyouplayedbaseballbefore?Myhusbandsaystheirteamneedsonemoreplayer.M:Notreally.ButIlikeballgames,soIbelieveitwillbefuntolearnbaseball.5.【此處可播放相關(guān)音頻，請(qǐng)去附件查看】HowdoesSusansound?A.Happy. B.Relaxed. C.Annoyed.【答案】C【解析】【原文】M:Youshouldhavepreparedyourspeechforthemeeting,Susan.W:Yes,Iknow.ButhowcouldIpreparewiththemeetingdatefixedsosoon?第二節(jié)（共15小題；每小題1.5分，滿分22.5分）聽(tīng)下面5段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白。每段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白后有幾個(gè)小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)。聽(tīng)每段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白前，你將有時(shí)間閱讀各個(gè)小題，每小題5秒鐘；聽(tīng)完后，各小題將給出5秒鐘的作答時(shí)間。每段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白讀兩遍。聽(tīng)下面一段較長(zhǎng)對(duì)話，回答以下小題。【此處可播放相關(guān)音頻，請(qǐng)去附件查看】6.WhydoesthewomantalktoRick?A.Tocancelhertrip. B.Tosaygoodbye. C.Tobookaticket.7.Whichcountrydoesthewomanprefertovisit?A.France. B.Canada. C.Germany.【答案】6.B7.A【解析】【原文】W:Hello,Rick.I’vecometosaygoodbyetoyou.M:AreyougoingbacktoyourcountryCanada?W:No.I’lltravelinEuropewithmyparentsasthistermisover.IwanttogotoFrance.ButmyparentspreferGermany.We’lltravelfortwomonths.M:Wow,thewholesummervacation!Wishyouanenjoyableholiday.聽(tīng)下面一段較長(zhǎng)對(duì)話，回答以下小題?！敬颂幙刹シ畔嚓P(guān)音頻，請(qǐng)去附件查看】8.Whatisthewomanmainlytalkingabout?A.Aforeigner. B.Ahobby. C.Areport.9.Whatpercentageofpeopleconsiderituselesstolearnaforeignlanguage?A.Around15%. B.Around21%. C.Around35%.【答案】8.C9.A【解析】【原文】W:Ireadareportonthepeoplewhocanuseaforeignlanguage,mainlyEnglish.M:Really?What’sitabout?W:It’smainlyaboutthedifferentattitudespeoplehavetowardstheforeignlanguagelearning.About27%ofthepeoplethinkaforeignlanguageisamustintheirdailylife.M:Ican’tagreemore.Therearemoreandmorepeoplelearningforeignlanguages.W:That’strue.About35%ofthepeoplearelearningorwillingtolearnaforeignlanguage.M:AsfarasI’mconcerned,manypeople,especiallystudents,areforcedtodosobecauseofexams.W:Yes.Thataccountsforabout21%.Therearealsoabout15%ofthepeoplewhotakeforeignlanguagestobeuselessandtheytakenointerestinthematall.聽(tīng)下面一段較長(zhǎng)對(duì)話，回答以下小題?！敬颂幙刹シ畔嚓P(guān)音頻，請(qǐng)去附件查看】10.What’stherelationshipbetweenthespeakers?A.Fatheranddaughter. B.Husbandandwife. C.Customerandsalesman.11.Whatistheirbiggestpieceoffurniture?A.Thechair. B.Thebed. C.Thesofa.12Whatdoesthemanwanttodobythewindow?A.Todraw. B.Tosleep. C.Toread.【答案】10.B11.B12.C【解析】原文】W:Wehavegotourownhome.Itmustbewonderfultolivebyourselves.M:Ihavebeenlookingforwardtoitsincewegotmarried.W:HereIhaveadressingtableofmyown.M:Oh,theroomissosmall.Ithoughtitwouldbealotbigger.W:SodidI.Afterall,it’sanewone.It’sourownhouse.That’swhatreallymatters.Isthatright?Let’sputthechairsinfrontofthefireplace.M:Um,butweshouldfirstconsiderwheretoputthebed.Itisthebiggestpieceoffurniture.W:Well,let’sputitoverthere,andthechairsnearthewindow.M:Allright.ThenyoucandrawandIcanreadbythewindow.聽(tīng)下面一段較長(zhǎng)對(duì)話，回答以下小題。【此處可播放相關(guān)音頻，請(qǐng)去附件查看】13.Whatwillthespeakersdofirst?A.Buydrinks. B.Returnhome. C.Visitauniversity.14.WhatdoesSamanthawanttoorder?A.Water. B.Coffee. C.Hotchocolate.15.Wheredoestheconversationtakeplace?A.Onthestreet. B.Inabank. C.Inacoffeeshop.16.Howwillthespeakersgotothemuseum?A.Bybus. B.Onfoot. C.Bybike.【答案】13.A14.C15.A16.B【解析】【原文】W:Dad,wherearewegoing?M:First,wewillgotothecitycentreandstopforsomethingtodrink.ThenwewillvisittheuniversityMuseum.W:Wherearewegoingtohaveadrink?M:Thereisacoffeeshoproundthecorner.Canyouseethatbigbuildingattheendoftheroad?W:Yeah,Icanseeit.M:Thatisabank.Thecoffeeshopisoppositethebank.W:Good.Iwillhavehotchocolate.M:Samantha,stop!Waitforthelightstoturngreen.Whencrossingtheroad,youmustalwayspayattentiontowhat’saroundyou.W:Sorry.Howfaristhemuseum?M:Onlythreestopsaway.Wecanwalkthere.聽(tīng)下面一段獨(dú)白，回答以下小題。【此處可播放相關(guān)音頻，請(qǐng)去附件查看】17.WhydidMurphygotoadoctor?A.Hefailedtoseeanything. B.Heneededsomehelp. C.Hebecamedeaf.18.WhatwasBettydoingathome?A.Cookingameal. B.Havingdinner. C.Layingthetable.19.WhatcanwesayaboutBetty?A.She’sgenerous. B.She’snervous. C.She’simpatient.20.Whatisthespeakerdoing?A.Introducingatreatment. B.Givingaspeech. C.Tellingastory.【答案】17.B18.A19.C20.C【解析】【原文】W:Oneday,Murphywenttoadoctortotalkabouthiswife.Hesaidtothedoctor,“Doctor,IthinkmywifeisdeafbecausesheneverhearsmethefirsttimeandIalwayshavetosaythingsagainandagain.”“Well,”thedoctoranswered,“Gohomeandstandabout15feetfromherandsaysomethingtoher.Ifshedoesn’tanswer,moveabout5feetcloserandsayitagain.Keepdoingthissothatwe’llgetanideaabouthowseriousherdeafnessis.”Sureenough,Murphywenthomeanddidexactlyasthedoctortoldhim.Hestoodabout15feetfromhiswifeinthekitchenasshewascuttingsomevegetablesandsaid,“Betty,what’sfordinner?”Heheardnoanswer.Hemovedabout5feetcloserandaskedagain.Noanswer.Hemoved5feetcloser,stillnoanswer.Hegotfedupandmovedrightbehindher,aboutaninchaway,andaskedagain,“Betty,what’sfordinner?”Bettysaid,“That’sthefourthtimeyouaskedme.Theyaremeatballs.”第二部分閱讀（共兩節(jié)，滿分50分）第一節(jié)（共15小題；每小題2.5分，滿分37.5分）閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)。A（必修一Unit1話題）Lichen(苔蘚)&FriendsBioblitzJoinusforafunnatureadventurecalledabioblitz!It’spartnaturewalk,partopen-endedtreasurehunt,andlotsofjoyfulobservation,wherewelookfordifferentforestfriends,especiallylichens.We’llstartwithlearningaboutlichensandforests,thenhiketofindandphotographthem.After,we’llsharewhatwefoundandtrytoidentifythelichens.Registrationisrequiredforallparticipants2+yearsofage.Ifregistrationisfull,youwillbeautomaticallyaddedtothewaitinglist.Peopleonthewaitinglistwillbeinformedifaspotbecomesavailable.Dateandtime:December22,2024,from1:00pmto4:00pmMeetinglocation:RockSpringTrailhead.Parkingisfreethere.Aboutthegroup:Thisbioblitzwillinvolveagroupofnature-curiousfolksofallagesandintroductory(入門)experiencelevel.Ourgroupwillhaveexpertstohelpuslearnaboutthearea’snature.They’llalsoteachushowtouseanappcallediNaturalist.Terrain(地形)Characteristics:Thehikeisupto3.5miles,mostlyflat,soit’sgoodforkidstoo.Thisincludestravelingovervariedterrainwithunevensurface.Note:Nostrollersorwheelchairs.Dogsareallowedbutnotrecommendedduetothegroupsize.Wemightcanceliftheweatherisbad.You’llbeemailedifit’scanceled.21.Whatwillhappenifyousignupafterfullregistration?A.Youcan’tbeaccepted. B.Youwillbeonthewaitinglist.C.Youcanregisteragain. D.Youwillberefusedbybioblitz.22.Whoismostlikelytoregisterforthefunactivity?A.Apupilcuriousaboutnature. B.Anexperiencedbiologist.C.Ateenagerinterestedinapps. D.Aknowledgeableplantexpert.23.Whatshouldparticipantspayattentionto?A.Strollersareacceptable. B.Dogsarehighlyforbidden.C.Wheelchairsareallowed. D.Cancellationemailsmaybesent.【答案】21.B22.A23.D【解析】【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】這是一篇關(guān)于苔蘚及其它生物觀察活動(dòng)（Lichen&FriendsBioblitz）的介紹，包括活動(dòng)內(nèi)容、報(bào)名要求、時(shí)間地點(diǎn)、參與人群、地形特點(diǎn)及注意事項(xiàng)等。【21題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段“Registrationisrequiredforallparticipants2+yearsofage.Ifregistrationisfull,youwillbeautomaticallyaddedtothewaitinglist.(所有2歲及以上的參與者都需要報(bào)名。如果報(bào)名已滿，您將自動(dòng)被列入候補(bǔ)名單)”可知，所有2歲及以上參與者都需報(bào)名，若報(bào)名已滿，報(bào)名者會(huì)自動(dòng)被列入候補(bǔ)名單。故選B項(xiàng)?！?2題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)Aboutthegroup部分“Aboutthegroup:Thisbioblitzwillinvolveagroupofnature-curiousfolksofallagesandintroductoryexperiencelevel.(關(guān)于參與群體：這次生物觀察活動(dòng)將有一群對(duì)自然充滿好奇的人參加，他們來(lái)自各個(gè)年齡段，且經(jīng)驗(yàn)處于入門水平)”可知，該活動(dòng)面向所有年齡對(duì)自然好奇且經(jīng)驗(yàn)處于入門水平的人。A選項(xiàng)“對(duì)自然好奇的小學(xué)生”符合。故選A項(xiàng)?！?3題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。依據(jù)文中Note部分“Wemightcanceliftheweatherisbad.You'llbeemailedifit'scanceled.(如果天氣不好，我們可能會(huì)取消活動(dòng)。如果活動(dòng)取消，我們會(huì)給您發(fā)送電子郵件)”可知，如果天氣不好活動(dòng)可能取消，若取消會(huì)發(fā)郵件通知。故選D項(xiàng)。B（必修二Unit6話題）EvanKailarrivedinBeijingonSaturdaytobeginhisfirsttriptoChinatoseehowChina,whichwasrecordedinthephotoalbum,haschangedoverthelast100years.Thismarksthesecondanniversarysincedonating(捐贈(zèng))theWorldWarIIphotoalbumtoChina.Hisvisitdrewhugeonlineandofflinecrowds.Tensofmillionsjoinedlivestreamstowelcomehim,whilemanygreetedhimattheairport.Evansaid,“IreceivedthewarmestwelcomewhenIgotofftheplane.ItreallywarmedmyheartandI’msoexcitedtobehere.”AvisitorthankedhimforthealbumdonationandgiftedhimamilitarycoatafternoticingEvan’sthinclothes.Pleased,Evansaid,“ThisisthecoolestcoatI'veeverhad.”Somepeopleofferedtobuyhisphotoalbumatahighprice.However,whenhesawwhatwasgoingoninthephotos,hethoughtthisbelongstoamuseum.HewasdeeplyimpressedbythehistoryofChinarecordedinthephotoalbumanddeepinhismind,hiskindpersonalityasacivilizedglobalcitizenmadehimfirmlydecidetodonatethephotoalbumtoChinafreeofcharge.“IdonatedtheWorldWarIIphotobookalbumtoChinatwoyearsago,andIreceivedanationalporcelaingiftformyeffortsinreturn.Thisincidenthashadaprofoundinfluenceonme.I‘vereceivedprofoundpositivityfromsomanyofyouinChinaandallovertheworld,andthat'sreallywhatmattersthemost.”“AndIhopeeverybodyonearthcarriesthatvirtue.Ididthisbecausedoingtherightthingknowsnoborders.”24.WhydidEvanKailvisitChina?A.Tosellhisphotoalbum. B.ToseethechangeinChina.C.Toreceiveaporcelaingift. D.Toattendaculturalactivity.25.Whatisthepurposeofparagraph2?A.TodescribeEvanKail’sclothingpreferences.B.TothanktheonlineandofflinecrowdsinBeijing.C.Toexplainthehistoryrecordedinthephotoalbum.D.TohighlightthewarmwelcomeEvanreceivedinChina.26.WhatisareasonforEvanKail’sdecisiontodonatethephotoalbum?A.Thecallofhisfriendlyhumannature. B.TherequestfromaChinesemuseum.C.Thehistoricalvalueofthephotoalbum. D.ThepreciousgifthereceivedfromChina.27.WhichwordcanbestdescribeEvanKail?A.Creative. B.Generous. C.Ambitious. D.Humorous.【答案】24.B25.D26.A27.B【解析】【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】本文是一篇新聞報(bào)道。文章主要報(bào)道了向中國(guó)捐贈(zèng)二戰(zhàn)相冊(cè)的埃文·凱爾于上周六抵達(dá)北京，開(kāi)始他第一次到中國(guó)的旅行，他受到了中國(guó)人的熱烈歡迎。【24題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段“EvanKailarrivedinBeijingonSaturdaytobeginhisfirsttriptoChinatoseehowChina,whichwasrecordedinthephotoalbum,haschangedoverthelast100years.(埃文·凱爾（EvanKail）于周六抵達(dá)北京，開(kāi)始了他的第一次前往中國(guó)之旅，以查看在過(guò)去100年中的相冊(cè)中錄制的中國(guó)如何發(fā)生了變化。)”可知，埃文·凱爾訪問(wèn)中國(guó)是為了想要看看中國(guó)的變化。故選B?！?5題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第二段“Hisvisitdrewhugeonlineandofflinecrowds.Tensofmillionsjoinedlivestreamstowelcomehim,whilemanygreetedhimattheairport.Evansaid,“IreceivedthewarmestwelcomewhenIgotofftheplane.ItreallywarmedmyheartandI’msoexcitedtobehere.”AvisitorthankedhimforthealbumdonationandgiftedhimamilitarycoatafternoticingEvan’sthinclothes.Pleased,Evansaid,“ThisisthecoolestcoatI'veeverhad.”(他的到訪吸引了線上和線下的巨大人群。數(shù)千萬(wàn)人加入直播歡迎他，許多人在機(jī)場(chǎng)迎接他。埃文說(shuō)：“下飛機(jī)時(shí)，我受到了最熱烈的歡迎。這真的溫暖了我的心，我非常興奮能來(lái)到這里?！币晃粎⒂^者感謝他捐贈(zèng)專輯，并在看到埃文衣服很薄后送給他一件軍大衣。埃文高興地說(shuō)：“這是我見(jiàn)過(guò)的最酷的外套?！?”可知，第2段的目的是強(qiáng)調(diào)埃文在中國(guó)受到的熱烈歡迎。故選D?！?6題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段“However,whenhesawwhatwasgoingoninthephotos,hethoughtthisbelongstoamuseum.HewasdeeplyimpressedbythehistoryofChinarecordedinthephotoalbumanddeepinhismind,hiskindpersonalityasacivilizedglobalcitizenmadehimfirmlydecidetodonatethephotoalbumtoChinafreeofcharge.(然而，當(dāng)他看到照片中的內(nèi)容時(shí)，他覺(jué)得這應(yīng)該屬于博物館。他對(duì)中國(guó)歷史的記錄深感印象深刻，作為一個(gè)文明的全球，他的善良本性使他堅(jiān)定地決定將這本相冊(cè)無(wú)償捐贈(zèng)給中國(guó)。)”可知，埃文·凱爾決定捐贈(zèng)相冊(cè)的一個(gè)原因是他友好的人性的召喚。故選A?！?7題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第三段“Somepeopleofferedtobuyhisphotoalbumatahighprice.However,whenhesawwhatwasgoingoninthephotos,hethoughtthisbelongstoamuseum.

HewasdeeplyimpressedbythehistoryofChinarecordedinthephotoalbumanddeepinhismind,hiskindpersonalityasacivilizedglobalcitizenmadehimfirmlydecidetodonatethephotoalbumtoChinafreeofcharge.(有人出高價(jià)買他的相冊(cè)。然而，當(dāng)他看到照片里的內(nèi)容時(shí)，他認(rèn)為這應(yīng)該屬于博物館。他對(duì)中國(guó)歷史的記錄深感印象深刻，作為一個(gè)文明的全球，他的善良本性使他堅(jiān)定地決定將這本相冊(cè)無(wú)償捐贈(zèng)給中國(guó)。)”可知，埃文·凱爾將這本相冊(cè)無(wú)償捐贈(zèng)給中國(guó)，由此可推知，他很大方，故選B。C（必修二Unit4話題）Psychologistsanalysedmessagesfrommorethan5,000peopleacrosseightstudiesandfoundthatthosewhousedabbreviations(縮寫)wereviewedaslesssincereandwerelesslikelytoreceiveresponsesasaresult.Abbreviationshaveincreasedsharplyintheageofdigitalmessaging,butthefindingssuggestthatdashingoffaswift“hru?”mightnotseemassincereastakingthetimetospellout:“Howareyou?”DavidFangatStanfordUniversityandcolleaguesattheUniversityofTorontoranthestudiestoinvestigatetheimpactofabbreviationsindifferentmessagingsituations.Theybeganbyaskingparticipantstoratethesincerityofmessageswithandwithoutabbreviationsandhowlikelytheyweretorespond.Next,theyanalysedmessagesontheDiscord,asocialmessagingplatformandfromthedatingapp,Tinder.Peoplewhousedabbreviationstendedtoreceivefewerresponsesthanthosewhospelledwordsout,andtheresponsesweretypicallyshorter,thestudiesfound.Whileyoungerpeopleusedmoreabbreviations,thenegativeeffectremained,theresearcherssaid.Sincethefirsttextmessagein1992,sendershaveincreasinglyadoptedabbreviationsforefficiency.Phraseslike“idrc”for“Idon’treallycare”and“ily”for“Iloveyou”arecommon.Thestudyaimedtounderstandwhethertheseabbreviations,intendedtoexpressthesamemeaningasfullwords,havesubtleeffectsonrecipients(接收者).Oneschoolofthoughtisthatabbreviationsaremoreinformalandfosteraclosenessbetweenthosemessaging.Anotherholdsthatabbreviationsshowalackofeffortandinterestintheperson.“Ourfindingsindicatethatpeoplevalueconversationalqualityandprefermessagesthatconveythoughtfulnessandpersonalconnection,”theresearcherswrite.However,somepsychologistsarguethatthecontextofthemessageandtherelationshipbetweenthesenderandreceivercaninfluencehowabbreviationsareviewed.Itremainsachallengehowtoemploythemproperlyformostpeople.28.Whatdotheunderlinedwords“dashingoff”inparagraph1mean?A.Typingswiftly. B.Updatingquickly.C.Sendinghesitantly. D.Selectingcarefully.29.Whatismainlytalkedaboutinthesecondparagraph?A.Theprincipleofthestudy. B.Theselectionofabbreviations.C.Theprocessofthestudy. D.Thehistoryofabbreviations.30.Whywasthestudyperformedaccordingtothetext?A.Tounderstandthefrequencyofabbreviationuse.B.Todescribepeople’spreferencesforabbreviations.C.Toidentifythemostcommonlyusedabbreviations.D.Toexploretheeffectsofabbreviationsonrecipients.31.Whatmightthearticlediscussnext?A.Theresearchonrelationships. B.Thesuitableuseofabbreviations.C.Thedevelopmentofabbreviations. D.Theimpactofdigitalcommunication.【答案】28.A29.C30.D31.B【解析】【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】本文是一篇說(shuō)明文。主要介紹的是縮寫對(duì)信息接收者真誠(chéng)度和回復(fù)率的影響?！?8題詳解】詞句猜測(cè)題。根據(jù)劃線短語(yǔ)前的“Psychologistsanalysedmessagesfrommorethan5,000peopleacrosseightstudiesandfoundthatthosewhousedabbreviations(縮寫)wereviewedaslesssincereandwerelesslikelytoreceiveresponsesasaresult.(心理學(xué)家分析了來(lái)自八項(xiàng)研究中超過(guò)5,000人的消息，發(fā)現(xiàn)使用縮寫的人被認(rèn)為不夠真誠(chéng)，因此收到回復(fù)的可能性較低)”可知，研究發(fā)現(xiàn)，使用縮寫的人被認(rèn)為不夠真誠(chéng)，結(jié)合劃線短語(yǔ)后的“…aswift“hru?”mightnotseemassincereastakingthetimetospellout:“Howareyou?”(……一句快速的“hru？”可能不如花時(shí)間完整寫出“Howareyou?”顯得真誠(chéng))”以及在信息時(shí)代可知，此處指的是快速打出“hru？”不如花時(shí)間完整寫出“Howareyou?”顯得真誠(chéng)，所以劃線短語(yǔ)的意思與“快速打出”意義相近。故選A項(xiàng)?！?9題詳解】主旨大意題。根據(jù)第二段中的“DavidFangatStanfordUniversityandcolleaguesattheUniversityofTorontoranthestudiestoinvestigatetheimpactofabbreviationsindifferentmessagingsituations.Theybeganbyaskingparticipantstoratethesincerityofmessageswithandwithoutabbreviationsandhowlikelytheyweretorespond.Next,theyanalysedmessagesontheDiscord,asocialmessagingplatformandfromthedatingapp,Tinder.(斯坦福大學(xué)的DavidFang和多倫多大學(xué)的同事們進(jìn)行了這些研究，以調(diào)查縮寫在不同消息情境中的影響。他們首先讓參與者評(píng)價(jià)帶有和不帶縮寫的短信的真誠(chéng)度以及他們回復(fù)的可能性。接著，他們分析了來(lái)自社交消息平臺(tái)Discord和約會(huì)應(yīng)用Tinder上的消息)”可知，在這項(xiàng)研究中，他們首先讓參與者評(píng)價(jià)帶有和不帶有所寫的短信的真誠(chéng)度和回復(fù)的可能性，接下來(lái)分析來(lái)自不同社交平臺(tái)的信息，由此可推斷，本段主要介紹的是研究的過(guò)程。故選C項(xiàng)?！?0題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第三段中的“Thestudyaimedtounderstandwhethertheseabbreviations,intendedtoexpressthesamemeaningasfullwords,havesubtleeffectsonrecipients(接收者).(該研究旨在了解這些旨在表達(dá)與完整單詞相同意義的縮寫，是否對(duì)接收者產(chǎn)生微妙的影響)”可知，研究的目的是探討縮寫對(duì)消息接收者是否有微妙的影響，由此可知，進(jìn)行這項(xiàng)研究是為了探討縮寫對(duì)接收者的影響。故選D項(xiàng)?！?1題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)尾段中的“However,somepsychologistsarguethatthecontextofthemessageandtherelationshipbetweenthesenderandreceivercaninfluencehowabbreviationsareviewed.Itremainsachallengehowtoemploythemproperlyformostpeople.(然而，一些心理學(xué)家認(rèn)為，消息的背景以及發(fā)送者與接收者之間的關(guān)系可以影響縮寫的看法。對(duì)于大多數(shù)人來(lái)說(shuō)，如何恰當(dāng)?shù)厥褂每s寫仍然是一個(gè)挑戰(zhàn))”可知，如何恰當(dāng)?shù)厥褂盟鶎懭匀皇且粋€(gè)挑戰(zhàn)，由此可知，接下來(lái)文章很可能會(huì)進(jìn)一步討論縮寫的適當(dāng)使用。故選B項(xiàng)。D（必修二Unit5話題）InVictorianLondon,AlexanderParkesdevelopedtheworld’sfirstplastic.Notpla,acompanynowbasedinthesamepartofthecity,developeditsmaterialmadefromseaweed.AtEmiratesStadium,footballfansalreadyenjoyhotdogsservedontrays(托盤)usingthematerial,whichbreaksdownnaturallyinjustsixweeks.Notplaisnottheonlycompanywhichisexploringusingnaturalpolymers—suchascorn,mushrooms(蘑菇)oragriculturalwaste—asalternativestoplastic.IKEA,aSwedishhomewaresgiant,hasexperimentedwithmushroom-basedpackaging.Moreandmorecompaniesmakeeffortstoreducetheirplasticwaste.Thisyear,accordingtotheOECD,aboutseven-tenthsof500mtonnesofplasticwillendupinlandfillorbethrownintowaterwaysoroceans.Theproductionanddisposal(處置)ofplasticaccountsforabout3%ofglobalgreenhouse—gasemissions—morethanfromaviation.Formostcompanies,themainuseofplasticisforpackaging,whichaccountsforathirdofthematerial’sproduction,andmuchofitcannotberecycled.Manybusinesseshavealreadybeguntakingstepstoreducethistypeofwaste.Coca-Cola,forexample,hasreplaceditsgreenSpritelemonadebottleswitheasily-recycledplastic.Since2018,250companies,havereducedtheiruseofplasticforpackagingby3%.Butit’sfarshortofthe18%targettheysetfornextyear.Greateruseofalternativepackagingmaterialsmighthelpthempickupthepace.However,manyofthealternativematerialsremainexpensive.Aseaweed-coatedhot-dogtrayscostaboutthreetofourtimesmorethanaplasticone.Companieswillthusneedtosurveyhowmanyshoppersarewillingtopayforit.InasurveyofconsumersconductedbyEuromonitor,morethanfour-fifthssaidtheywouldpayahigherpriceforaproductwithsustainablepackaging.Whethersuchgoodintentionstranslateintoshoppingbehaviourisanothermatter.32.WhatistheadvantageofNotpla’smaterial?A.Itenjoysgreatpopularity. B.Itlastsaslongaspossible.C.Itisenvironment-friendly. D.Itismadefromseaweed.33.Whatcanwelearnfromparagraph4?A.Thecompaniesreachedthegoaltheyhadsetbefore.B.Ahalfoftheproducedplasticisusedforpackaging.C.Manycompaniescanrecycle3%oftheirusedplastic.D.Alternativematerialsmayspeedupthedropofplasticuse.34.Whatisthechallengeofadoptingalternativematerials?A.Thedifficultyinrecyclingthem. B.Thelackofconsumers’awareness.C.Thelackofgovernmentsupport. D.Thehighcostofalternativematerials.35.Whatisthesuitabletitleofthispassage?A.GreatPopularityofSeaweedMaterials B.NewPossibilitiesofFuturePackagingC.BigBreakthroughsinRecyclingPlastic D.SuddenDisappearanceofPlasticPackaging【答案】32.C33.D34.D35.B【解析】【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】本文是一篇說(shuō)明文。主要介紹的是新型生物降解材料，如海藻包裝，及其在減少塑料使用和環(huán)境保護(hù)中的應(yīng)用前景?！?2題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段中的“AtEmiratesStadium,footballfansalreadyenjoyhotdogsservedontrays(托盤)usingthematerial,whichbreaksdownnaturallyinjustsixweeks.(在阿聯(lián)酋體育場(chǎng)，足球迷們已經(jīng)可以在托盤上享用到使用這種材料盛裝的熱狗，而這種材料只需六周時(shí)間就可以自然分解。)”可知，這種材料可以在六周時(shí)間自然分解，由此可知，這種材料是環(huán)保的。故選C項(xiàng)?！?3題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第四段中的“Since2018,250companies,havereducedtheiruseofplasticforpackagingby3%.Butit’sfarshortofthe18%targettheysetfornextyear.Greateruseofalternativepackagingmaterialsmighthelpthempickupthepace.(自2018年以來(lái)，已有250家公司將其包裝中塑料的使用量減少了3%。但這遠(yuǎn)未達(dá)到他們?yōu)槊髂暝O(shè)定的18%的目標(biāo)。更大程度地使用替代包裝材料可能有助于他們加快這一進(jìn)程。)”可知，使用替代包裝材料使得很多公司減少了塑料的使用，更大程度使用替代包裝材料有助于加快這一進(jìn)程，由此可知，使用替代材料可能有助于加快減少塑料使用的速度。故選D項(xiàng)。【34題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)尾段中的“However,manyofthealternativematerialsremainexpensive.Aseaweed-coatedhot-dogtrayscostaboutthreetofourtimesmorethanaplasticone.Companieswillthusneedtosurveyhowmanyshoppersarewillingtopayforit.(然而，許多替代材料仍然非常昂貴。一個(gè)海藻涂層的熱狗托盤成本大約是塑料托盤的三到四倍。公司因此需要調(diào)查有多少消費(fèi)者愿意為此類環(huán)保選項(xiàng)支付更高價(jià)格。)”可知，采用替代材料面臨的挑戰(zhàn)是其高成本。故選D項(xiàng)。【35題詳解】主旨大意題。根據(jù)首段中的“InVictorianLondon,AlexanderParkesdevelopedtheworld’sfirstplastic.Notpla,acompanynowbasedinthesamepartofthecity,developeditsmaterialmadefromseaweed.(在維多利亞時(shí)代的倫敦，亞歷山大·帕克斯開(kāi)發(fā)了世界上第一種塑料。如今，同樣位于倫敦的Notpla公司開(kāi)發(fā)出了一種由海藻制成的材料。)”可知，首段介紹了Notpla公司的創(chuàng)新材料代替塑料包裝材料，結(jié)合下文中介紹的其他公司和替代材料代替使用塑料包裝的情況可知，本文主要介紹的是新型生物降解材料在減少塑料包裝的使用和環(huán)境保護(hù)中的應(yīng)用前景，所以B項(xiàng)“未來(lái)包裝的新可能性”概括了本文的主題，適合作為最佳標(biāo)題。故選B項(xiàng)。第二節(jié)（共5小題；每小題2.5分，滿分12.5分）（必修一Unit2話題）閱讀下面短文，從短文后的選項(xiàng)中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。選項(xiàng)中有兩項(xiàng)為多余選項(xiàng)。Walkingisoneofthesimplestandmosteffectivewaystoimprovebothphysicalandmentalhealth.Herearesometipsonhowtomaximizethebenefitsofeverystepyoutake.Makeitahabit___36___.Ifyouwalkquickly,thiswillgiveyoutherecommended150minutesaweekofmoderateexercise,bringingyoubettercardiovascular(心血管的)fitness,strongerbonesandmuscles,andthementalhealthbenefitsofbeingoutdoors.WarmupandcooldownBegineachwalkwithagentle5-minutewarm-uptograduallyincreaseyourheartrate.Similarlyendyourwalkwithacool-downperiodtoslowlyloweryourheartrate.___37___.BreathedeeplyPracticedeepbreathingbyinhaling(吸氣)toacountofthree,fillingyourlungsfullybyexpandingyourribsandpushingoutyourstomach.___38___.Thistechniqueincreasesoxygenflowandpromotesrelaxation.WalkandtalkSteppingoutregularlywithapartner,friendorfamilymemberismuchmorefunthangoingitalone.___39___.It’salsoagreatopportunitytocatchupwhilestayingactive.___40___Tokeepyourwalkinteresting,increaseyourpaceeverytento15minutesanddoathree-minutesurge.Imagineyou’retryingtocatchupwithsomeoneahead.Climbahillfromtimetotimeforachallenge.Toburnfat,dosomeburstsoffastwalkingearlyoninyourwalk.Byusingthesestrategiesinyourwalkingroutine,you’llnotonlygainthephysicalrewardsbutalsoenjoyamoreenrichingandfulfillingexperienceoverall.A.VarythepaceB.WalkinthemorningC.Setagoalof30minutesfivedaysaweekD.KeepyourheadstraightwitheyesforwardE.Itwillmotivateyouwhenyou’renotfeelingkeenF.ThisallowsyourheartratetospeedupandslowdownG.Breatheoutslowlythroughyourmouthtothesamecount【答案】36.C37.F38.G39.E40.A【解析】【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】這是一篇說(shuō)明文。文章主要提出了一些將散步效率最大化的方法?！?6題詳解】根據(jù)后文“Ifyouwalkquickly,thiswillgiveyoutherecommended150minutesaweekofmoderateexercise,bringingyoubettercardiovascular(心血管的)fitness,strongerbonesandmuscles,andthementalhealthbenefitsofbeingoutdoors.(如果你走得快，這將給你推薦的每周150分鐘的適度運(yùn)動(dòng)，給你帶來(lái)更好的心血管健康，更強(qiáng)壯的骨骼和肌肉，以及戶外活動(dòng)對(duì)心理健康的好處)”可知，后文提到了每周150分鐘的運(yùn)動(dòng)量，推測(cè)本句是在說(shuō)明如何分配這個(gè)時(shí)間的建議。故C選項(xiàng)“設(shè)定一個(gè)目標(biāo)，每周五天，每次30分鐘”符合語(yǔ)境，故選C?！?7題詳解】根據(jù)上文“Begineachwalkwithagentle5-minutewarm-uptograduallyincreaseyourheartrate.Similarly,endyourwalkwithacool-downperiodtoslowlyloweryourheartrate.(每次步行開(kāi)始時(shí)先做5分鐘的熱身，逐漸提高心率。同樣地，在步行結(jié)束時(shí)進(jìn)行一段冷卻期，慢慢降低心率)”可知，上文提到了先提高，然后再降低心率，F(xiàn)選項(xiàng)中speedupandslowdown對(duì)應(yīng)上文increase以及l(fā)ower。故F選項(xiàng)“這可以讓你的心率加快或減慢”符合語(yǔ)境，故選F?！?8題詳解】根據(jù)上文“Practicedeepbreathingbyinhaling(吸氣)toacountofthree,fillingyourlungsfullybyexpandingyourribsandpushingoutyourstomach.(練習(xí)深呼吸，吸氣數(shù)到三，通過(guò)擴(kuò)張肋骨和擠壓胃來(lái)填滿肺部)”可知，上文提到了吸氣的方式，推測(cè)本句要說(shuō)明呼氣。故G選項(xiàng)“用你的嘴慢慢地呼出同樣的數(shù)”符合語(yǔ)境，故選G?！?9題詳解】根據(jù)上文“Steppingoutregularlywithapartner,friendorfamilymemberismuchmorefunthangoingitalone.(與伴侶、朋友或家人定期外出比獨(dú)自外出有趣得多)”可知，上文建議和他人一起外出，推測(cè)本句說(shuō)明這么做的原因。故E選項(xiàng)“當(dāng)你不感興趣的時(shí)候，它會(huì)激勵(lì)你”符合語(yǔ)境，故選E。【40題詳解】根據(jù)本段內(nèi)容“Tokeepyourwalkinteresting,increaseyourpaceeverytento15minutesanddoathree-minutesurge.Imagineyou’retryingtocatchupwithsomeoneahead.Climbahillfromtimetotimeforachallenge.Toburnfat,dosomeburstsoffastwalkingearlyoninyourwalk.(為了讓你的步行有趣，每10到15分鐘增加你的速度，做一個(gè)三分鐘的沖刺。想象一下，你正在努力趕上前面的人。不時(shí)地爬上一座小山，迎接挑戰(zhàn)。為了燃燒脂肪，在你步行的早期做一些快速步行)”可知，本段的內(nèi)容是建議改變步行的方式，來(lái)增加樂(lè)趣。故A選項(xiàng)“改變節(jié)奏”符合語(yǔ)境，故選A。第三部分語(yǔ)言運(yùn)用（共兩節(jié)，滿分30分）第一節(jié)（共15小題；每小題1分，滿分15分）（選項(xiàng)詞匯大部分來(lái)自必修一必修二課本）閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)。FriendsYuriWilliamsandRodneySmithJr.travelcrossthecountrybeforeChristmas,visitingall50statestobring___41___tosickordisabledchildren.Theyarrivewithtoysandcostumes,___42___theyoungrecipients.Williamshas___43___assuperheroeslikeSpider-ManandMandalorian,whileSmithwearsChristmaselfclothes.Williams,motivatedbythe___44___ofhismothertocancerin2009,hasbeenspreadingjoyforyears.Heoncefellintoafive-yeardepressionbut___45___himselfoutbyhonoringhismotherthrough___46___acts,includingcollectinggiftsforchildrenwithspecialneeds.In2018,helaunchedAFutureSuperHeroan