Noun-clauses第1頁請試著完成以下句子：Knowing____________________reducestherisksoffailureanditworkslikeaninsurancepolicyforyourownability.(do)知道你正在干什么，能降低失敗風(fēng)險，這就像給自己能力買了份保險。(湖北卷71)2.Thepolicewillreward_____________________________usefulinformationtocatchtherobber.(provide)任何人提供有用信息幫助抓住劫匪，警方將給予獎勵。（湖北卷74）whatyouaredoingwhoeverprovides/hasprovided第2頁請問以上句子考查什么語法知識？1.什么是名詞性從句？2.名詞性從句有哪些？第3頁1.什么是名詞性從句？用一個句子充當名詞（代詞）功效叫名詞性從句。在主句中它常作主語、賓語、表語或同位語。Thetruthistrue.(true作表語)Thetruthisthat

hehasneverbeentothecountryside.(that引導(dǎo)表語從句)Mr.Zhangisakindperson.(Zhang是Mr.同位語)Thefactthat

deedsarebetterthanwordsisquiteclear.(that引導(dǎo)同位語從句)

第4頁為何叫名詞性從句？_______________________整個從句相當于一個名詞比較:Theman

lookedaround.Thattheboyfailedagainintheexam

disappointedhismother.一樣作主語，從句能夠表示較復(fù)雜含義,普通是個動作或性質(zhì)Iknowhim.Iknowthatheiswritinghiscompositioninhisroom2.為何要有名詞性從句？那人看了看四面.(名詞作主語)那孩子考試又不及格令他母親很失望.(從句作主語)我知道他在房間里寫作文.從句特征:是一個句子,有一個引導(dǎo)詞,引導(dǎo)詞做從句一個成份(that除外)名詞能做成份,從句都能做

從句表示意思比名詞復(fù)雜得多第5頁名詞性從句有哪些？1.主語從句2.賓語從句3.表語從句4.同位語從句第6頁

名詞性從句

主語從句賓語從句表語從句同位語從句主語從句在句中做------賓語從句在句中做------表語從句在句中做------同位語從句在句中-----主語賓語表語同位語1.Thathewillcomeiscertain.2.Iknowthathewillcome.3.ThetruthisthatIhavebeenthere.

4.Thefactthatshewaslatesurprisedus.主語從句賓語從句表語從句同位語從句第7頁名詞性從句引導(dǎo)詞選定？單看從句內(nèi)1.成份齊全或意思清楚用that；2.成份缺乏主、賓、表用what；3.依據(jù)句意缺什么疑問詞補什么疑問詞。第8頁1.（北京卷）30.Thebestmomentforthefootballstarwas_______hescoredthewinninggoal.A.where B.whenC.how D.why2.（北京卷）33.Somepeoplebelieve_______hashappenedbeforeorishappeningnowwillrepeatitselfinthefuture.A.whatever B.whenever.C.wherever D.however3.（綱領(lǐng)卷）24.Exactly____thepotatowasintroducedintoEuropeisuncertain,butitwasprobablyaround1565.A.whetherB.whyC.whenD.how4.（福建卷）34.Pickyourselfup.Courageisdoing

you'reafraidtodo.A.that B.what C.how D.whether5.（湖南卷）24.AsJohnLennononcesaid，lifeis_____happenstoyouwhileyouarebusymakingotherplans.A.which B.that C.what D.where第9頁6.（江蘇卷）26. —Whatamess!Youarealwayssolazy!—I'mnottoblame,mum.Iam_____youhavemademe.how B.what C.that D.who7.（山東卷）7.Itisdifficultforustoimagine_____lifewaslikeforslavesintheancientworld.where B.whatC.whichD.why8.（四川卷）2.Grandmapointedtothehospitalandsaid,"That's______Iwasborn."whenB.howC.whyD.where9.（天津卷）14.Ithink_______impressesmeabouthispaintingisthecolorsheuses.what B.that C.whichD.who10.（浙江卷

）8.“Everytimeyoueatasweet,drinkgreentea.”Thisis_____mymotherusedtotellme.A.whatB.howC.thatD.whether第10頁名詞性從句幾個特殊結(jié)構(gòu)1.形式主語和賓語；2.名詞性從句與定語從句區(qū)分；3.wh-ever與nomatter-wh;4.名詞性從句中虛擬語氣。第11頁用形式主語it主語從句常見結(jié)構(gòu)Itis

clear(necessary,important,possible,remarkable

that…

很清楚（必要,主要,可能,值得注意等)…Itis

afact(agoodthing,goodnews…)

that…事實是(好事是,好消息是…)…Itis

well-known(reported,recorded,estimated,said,believed)

that…眾所周知(據(jù)報道,,據(jù)記載,聽說,據(jù)預(yù)計)…It

turnsout(seems,happens,appears…)

that…結(jié)果是(似乎是,恰巧是,好象是…)…Ithasbeenfound(hasbeenproved,canbeseen,mustbepointedout)that…已發(fā)覺(已證實,能夠看出,需指出)…1.形式主語和賓語第12頁用it

句型翻譯:聽說他來自武漢。2.眾所周知,閆志是我們市最富有人。3.養(yǎng)成好學(xué)習(xí)習(xí)慣是很主要。ItissaidthathecomesfromWuhan.

Itiswell-knownthatMr.YanZhiistherichestpersoninourcity.Itisimportantthatwe(should)formagoodhabitofstudying.4.真奇怪他今天竟然遲到了.Itisstrangethatheshouldbelatetoday.5.我討厭人們說話時嘴里塞滿東西。Ihateitwhenpeopletalkwiththeirmouthsfull.形式賓語情況與形式主語類似，不再贅述。第13頁2.同位語從句與定語從句區(qū)分同位語從句與定語從句比較輕易混同，尤其是當連接詞都是that時更是如此。普通說來：定語從句關(guān)系詞在從句中應(yīng)充當對應(yīng)成份，如：主語、賓語、表語；而同位語從句連接詞只是起引導(dǎo)提醒作用，在從句中并不充當任何成份。Thenewsthatourteamhaswonthefinalmatchisencouraging.我們隊取得決賽勝利消息令人鼓舞。（同位語從句）Thenewsthatyoutoldusisreally

encouraging.你告訴我們消息真令人鼓舞。（定語從句）第14頁1.Thesuggestion

_____________________________

isworthconsidering.(practical)學(xué)生應(yīng)該學(xué)些實用東西提議值得考慮。2.Thesuggestion________________________isthatthestudentsshouldlearnsomethingpractical.值得考慮提議是學(xué)生應(yīng)該學(xué)些實用東西。thatstudentsshouldlearnsomethingpracticalthatisworthconsidering第15頁3.wh-ever與nomatter-wh1.wh-ever能夠引導(dǎo)名詞性從句和狀語從句，而nomatter–wh只能引導(dǎo)狀語從句；2.判斷是那種從句方法是：去掉從句部分，假如成份齊全或意思清楚為狀語從句，不然是名詞性從句。比如：（1）__________________Iapproachher,shealwaystriestoavoidme,pretendingnottohaveseenmeatall.不論我什么時候靠近她，她總是試圖躲避，假裝根本沒看見我。(2)Thepolicewillreward_________________usefulinformationtocatchtherobber.任何人提供有用信息幫助抓住劫匪，警方將給予獎勵。Whenever/Nomatterwhenwhoever第16頁_______________________________,aslongasIamwithnature,Idon’tcare.（hard）不論旅游是多么艱辛，只要我和大自然在一起，我都不在意。2.UnderwoodinthepopularUSdramaseriesHouseofCardsusedhiswonpowertogetridof_______________________________.(stand)流行美劇《紙牌屋》中安德伍德利用手中擁有權(quán)力掃除一切當路人。However/Nomatterhowhardthetripiswhoeverstoodinhisway第17頁4.名詞性從句中虛擬語氣(1)在主語從句中用來表示驚奇、不相信、惋惜、理應(yīng)如此等,謂語動詞用虛擬語氣"(should)+do",慣用句型有:I.Itisnecessary(important,natural,strange,etc.)that...II.Itisapity(ashame,nowonder,etc.)that...III.Itissuggested(requested,proposed,desired,etc.)that...如:Itisstrangethatshe(should)thinkso.(2)表示提議、請求、命令、要求、堅持等及物動詞后面賓語從句中要用虛擬語氣,慣用這類動詞有suggest,propose,insist,desire,demand,request,order,command等。如:

Iinsistthatshe(should)doherworkalone.(3)主語是suggestion,proposal,request,decision等表示"提議、請求、要求、決定等"意思詞時,表語從句中謂語動詞要用虛擬語氣"(should)+do"。如:

Hissuggestionisthatwe(should)holdanothermeetingtodiscussthequestion.

(4)表示"提議、請求、命令、要求、決定等"意思名詞后面同位語從句中謂語動詞要用虛擬語氣"(should)+do"。如:

Theyreceivedordersthatthework(should)bedoneatonce.此處只是列出，在虛擬語氣時再詳講第18頁1._________________________________,youshouldinsistongoingafteryourdream.(go)不論你會經(jīng)受什么樣困難，你都應(yīng)該追逐你夢想。2WhenyouareolderIthinkyou’rebetterequippedmentallytocopewith_________________.(happen)你年紀再大一些后，我想你就會有更強心理承受能力來面對所發(fā)生任何事情。請按要求完成以下句子

Whateverdifficultyyouwillgothroughwhateverhappens3.___________________________wasthatifstudentswerenotbroughtupinapleasantenvironment,theywouldgetintomanybadhabits.(concern)最使老師們擔(dān)心是，若學(xué)生沒有好成長環(huán)境，就輕易染上許多惡習(xí)。Whatconcernedtheteachersmost4.Asheisalwayscarefulwitheverything,wearenowuncertainabout_______________________________.(take)因為他對任何事都小心慎重，所以我們現(xiàn)在還不確定他是否會冒這次風(fēng)險。whetherhewilltakethischance/risk第19頁請按要求完成以下句子

5.Shenevermakesreflectionsonherself.Onthecontrary,sheisalwaysfindingfaultwithothers,whichis____________________.(lie)她從不自省，相反，她總是對他人很挑剔，這就是問題所在。6.Facedwithchallenges,youshouldbelieveyourcourageis_______________________.(mak