第12課時(shí)八年級(下)

Units3~4知識點(diǎn)1allow的用法核心精講過關(guān)難點(diǎn)一provide,offer,give與supply難點(diǎn)二borrow,lend與keep難點(diǎn)辨析突破

知識點(diǎn)2compare的用法知識點(diǎn)3return的用法知識點(diǎn)4Whydon'tyou...?句型知識點(diǎn)5fight的用法詞匯拓展1.relation(n.)→

relationship

(n.)關(guān)系;聯(lián)系→

relative

(n.)親戚;親屬2.ill(adj.)→

illness

(n.)疾病;病3.fair(adj.)→

fairness

(n.)公正性;合理性→

unfair

(adj.)不合理的;不公正的4.proper(adj.)→

properly

(adv.)正確地;適當(dāng)?shù)乇貍渲R梳理5.quick(adj.)→

quickly

(adv.)很快地6.sweep(v.)→

swept

(過去式/過去分詞)掃;打掃7.throw(v.)→

threw

(過去式)→

thrown

(過去分詞)扔;擲→

throwaway

扔掉;丟棄8.lend(v.)→

lent

(過去式/過去分詞)借給;借出→

lend...to...

借給……9.develop(v.)→

development

(n.)發(fā)展;發(fā)育;成長→

developing

(adj.)發(fā)展中的→

developed

(adj.)發(fā)達(dá)的;高度發(fā)展的10.drop(v.)→

dropped

(過去式/過去分詞)落下;掉下11.argue(v.)→

argument

(n.)爭論;爭吵→

arguewithsb.

和某人爭吵12.communicate(v.)→

communication

(n.)交流;溝通→

communicatewith

和……交流13.explain(v.)→

explanation

(n.)解釋;說明→

explainto

向……解釋14.usual(adj.)→

unusual

(adj.)不尋常的;與眾不同的15.two(num.)→

second

(序數(shù)詞)第二→

secondly

(adv.)第二;其次16.clear(adj.)→

clearly

(adv.)清楚地;清晰地;明白地17.cloud(n.)→

cloudy

(adj.)多云的18.type(n.)→

typical

(adj.)典型的19.maybe(adv.)→

perhaps

(同義詞)可能,大概,也許20.independent(adj.)→

independence

(n.)獨(dú)立21.neighborhood(n.)→

neighbor

(n.)鄰居22.save(v.)→

waste

(反義詞)浪費(fèi)23.love(v.)→

hate

(反義詞)恨,厭惡,討厭24.old(adj.)→

older/elder

(比較級)→

oldest/eldest

(最高級)重點(diǎn)短語1.

dothedishes

洗餐具2.

takeouttherubbish

倒垃圾3.

foldtheclothes

疊衣服4.

sweepthefloor

掃地5.

makethebed

鋪床6.

cleanthelivingroom

打掃起居室7.

goout

出去8.

infrontof

在……前面9.

comeover

過來10.

dohousework

做家務(wù)11.

walkaway

走開12.

haveatest

考試13.

awasteof

浪費(fèi)14.

allthetime

一直15.

assoonas

一……就……16.

inorderto

目的是;為了17.

dependon

依靠;信賴18.

toomuch

太多19.

doone'spart

盡某人的一份力20.

takecareof/lookafter

照顧21.

asaresult

結(jié)果22.

getinto

從事;開始(某事)23.

lookthrough

快速查看;瀏覽24.

beangrywith

生氣25.

bigdeal

重要的事26.

workout

成功地發(fā)展;解決27.

getonwith

和睦相處;關(guān)系良好28.

communicatewith

溝通29.

competewith

競爭30.

cutout

刪除;刪去31.

compare...with

比較;對比32.

inone'sopinion

依……看習(xí)慣用語anyminutenow隨時(shí);馬上;在任何時(shí)刻It'sabigdeal./It'snobigdeal.這是一件大事兒/沒什么大事兒。情景交際Unit3禮貌地提出請求和征求許可禮貌地提出請求—Couldyoupleasetakeouttherubbish?—Yes,sure.征求許可—CouldIhangoutwithmyfriendsafterthemovie?—Yes,butdon'tcomebacktoolate.Unit4談?wù)搯栴},提供建議1.—What'swrong?—I'mreallytiredbecauseIstudieduntilmidnightlastnight.2.—Whatshouldhedo?—Heshouldtalktohisfriendsothathecansayhe'ssorry.3.—Maybeyoucouldgotohishouse.—IguessIcould,butIdon'twanttosurprisehim.重點(diǎn)語法1.Couldyoupleasedosth.?句型表示征求許可。2.Whydon'tyou...?句型及其回答(主要用來向?qū)Ψ教岢鼋ㄗh)。一、用括號中所給詞的適當(dāng)形式填空1.Itisimportantforchildrentodevelop

(develop)agoodhabitofeating

healthyfood.2.Weallknowthatthefairness

(fair)ofthecompetitionisveryimportant.3.Itisquiteimportantforbothofustohavepropercommunication

(communi-

cate)whenwefeelangry.4.Wouldyoumindlending

(lend)meyoureraser?Ican'tfindmine.5.Traditionalexerciseslikesit-ups,press-upsandpull-upsaregreatforstrengthen-ingthebodyifyoudothemproperly

(proper).詞匯語境運(yùn)用6.WealltakegreatinterestinMr.Li'sexplanation

(explain)ofhowtoorga-

nizeourideasaccordingtothetypeofwriting.7.Everyonehasdifferentopinions

(opinion)aboutagoodstudent.Personally,I

thinkagoodstudentshouldfirstbehonestandhard-working.8.Theglassdropped

(drop)ontothefloorandwasinpieces.Mymothertold

metocleanthemupcarefully.9.WhenLiMingreturned

(return)tohishometownlastweek,hevisitedhis

teachersandtheytalkedalotabouttheoldschooldays.10.Iregret

arguing

(argue)withmyparentsaboutasmallthing.Iknowwhat

theyhavedoneisformygood.二、用方框中所給詞的適當(dāng)形式填空videinsteadsecondwastedevelopcausepressallowthrow1.TheGovernmenthasprovided

childreninpoorareaswithfoodforfreesince

2011.2.Firstly,Idon'thaveenoughmoney.Secondly

,Idon'thavefreetime.3.Throwing

rubbisheverywherenotonlyinfluencesthebeautyofthepark,butalsocausespollution.4.Drivingafterdrinkingisn'tallowed

becauseitmaycauselotsoftrafficacci-

dents.5.Lifeisnoteasynowadays.Youngpeopleareundergreatpressure

from

schoolingandemployment.6.Drunkdrivingcauses

alotoftrafficaccidentseveryyear,sodriversshould

putsafetyatthefirstplaceandneverdriveafterdrinking.7.Knowledgeispower.Soeducationplaysanimportantpartinthedevelopment

ofmodernsociety.8.Idon'twanttowaste

mytimetalkingwithher.It'slikeplayingthelutetoa

cow.9.Chinahasendeditsone-childpolicyandletfamilieshavetwochildreninstead

.10.Inordertolookafterthemselvesbetter,teenagersshouldtrytoimprovetheirliv-

ingskills

.1.pass(v.)給;遞;走過;通過;傳球;打發(fā)/消磨/度過(時(shí)間);及格;結(jié)束(n.)及格;合格;通過;通行證;車票;乘車證如:Wesangsongstopassthetime.我們借唱歌消磨時(shí)間。ShegotapassinFrench.她法語考試及格了。abuspass公共汽車乘車證aboardingpass登機(jī)牌熟詞生義講練2.hate(v.)厭惡;討厭;不愿;不想(n.)憎惡;憎恨;所憎恨的人(或物)如:Ihatetotroubleyou,butcouldIuseyourphone?我不愿麻煩你,但我能用一下

你的電話嗎?Plasticflowershavealwaysbeenahateofmine.我一向討厭塑料花。3.while(conj.)與……同時(shí);當(dāng)……的時(shí)候;而;然而;直到……為止(n.)一段時(shí)間;一會兒★onceinawhile偶爾地;間或如:Iwaitedwhilesixo'clock.我一直等到了六點(diǎn)鐘。4.waste(n.)浪費(fèi);垃圾(v.)浪費(fèi);濫用;白費(fèi);使……屈才(adj.)廢棄的;丟棄的,無用的★wastetime/awasteoftime浪費(fèi)時(shí)間如:HeradvicewasnotwastedonChris.她對克里斯的建議沒有白費(fèi)。You'rewastedasasalesmanager—youshouldhavebeenanactor.你當(dāng)銷售經(jīng)理屈才了,你本應(yīng)該做演員。Thereisawastefactorynearourvillage.我們村莊附近有個廢棄的工廠。5.since(conj.)因?yàn)?既然;從……以后(prep.)從……以后;自……以來;(表示氣憤)何曾,什么時(shí)候★eversince自從如:Sincewhendidheeverlistentome?他什么時(shí)候聽過我的話?6.drop(v.)→dropped(過去式/過去分詞)落下;掉下;投遞;放棄(n.)滴★dropby順便訪問如:Dropeverythingandcomeatonce!放下所有事情趕快來吧!adropofwater一滴水7.fair(n.)展覽會;交易會;露天游樂場;集市(adj.)合理的;公正的;相當(dāng)好的;白皙的→unfair(反義詞)不合理的;不公正的→fairness(n.)公正性;合理性如:Let'stakethekidstothefair.咱們帶孩子們?nèi)ビ螛穲霭?。There'safairchancethatwemightwinthistime.這次我們可能勝算很大。8.deal(n.)協(xié)議;交易(v.)發(fā)牌★bigdeal重要的事情★dealwith對付;應(yīng)付如:Whoseturnisittodeal?該誰發(fā)牌了?9.offer(n.)出價(jià);提議(v.)主動提出;自愿給予★offertodosth.主動提出做某事如:I'vehadanofferof$2,500forthecar.有人向我出價(jià)2500美元買這輛汽車。Itisaverykindoffer.這是一個非常好的提議。10.clear(v.)清理;丟掉(adj.)清楚易懂的;晴朗的;明顯的;頭腦清醒的→clearly(adv.)清楚地;清晰地;明白地★clearout清理如:You'llneedtokeepaclearheadforyourexams.你考試時(shí)需保持清醒的頭

腦。11.copy(v.)抄襲;模仿;復(fù)制;復(fù)印(n.)抄本,副本;一本(份,冊……)★acopyof一份;一本如:Iwillsendyouacopyofthereport.我會把這個報(bào)告的復(fù)印本寄給你。Thebooksold20,000copieswithintwoweeks.這本書在兩周內(nèi)銷售了2萬冊。12.return(v.)歸還;回來;返回

(n.)返回;歸還★returnbooks還書如:Iamherewaitingformyfather'sreturnfromschool.我在這兒等我爸爸從學(xué)校

回來。13.push(v.)鞭策;督促;推動;說服(n.)推,搡的動作★pushsb.todosth.鞭策/督促某人做某事如:Myteacherpushedmeintoenteringthecompetition.我的老師勸我參加比賽。Thecarwon'tstart.Canyougiveitapush?汽車發(fā)動不起來。你推一下好嗎?14.cause(v.)造成;引起

(n.)原因;起因;事業(yè)如:Thedriver'scarelessnesswasthemaincauseoftheaccident.司機(jī)的粗心是造

成這一事故的主要原因。一、根據(jù)語境,在橫線上寫出黑體單詞的漢語意思1.Hisexperimentsucceededfinally.Allhiseffortswerenotwasted.

白費(fèi)

2.Drivingafterdrinkingisoneofthemostcommoncausesoftrafficaccidents.

原因

二、單句填空—Jackhasn'ttakenhispianolessonsforalongtime.—Heisconsidering

dropping

(drop)hispianocourseandspendingmoretime

onhisstudy.三、完成句子1.Inthesummerafternoon,thechildrenalways

passthetime

(度過時(shí)間)by

playinginthestreets.2.—Suddenly,someone

gavemeapush

(推了我一把),andIdroppedintothe

pool.—Howluckyyouarefine,butthebadpersonmustbepunishedseriously.3.—Wheneveryouwantagoodmeal,cometomyrestaurantandeatforfree.—Believeme.Thatis

anoffer

(一個建議)Iwillnotrefuse.知識點(diǎn)1allow的用法核心精講過關(guān)1.—Hey,turnitoff,please!Wedon't

allowmusic

(允許有音樂)intheread-

ingroom.—Oh,I'msorry,sir.Iwon'tdoitagain.2.Youcan'twearshoesinsidethisplace.It

isn'tallowed

(allow).3.Thelittlegirlwascryingbecausehermotherdidn'tallowher

toeat

(eat)ice

cream.allow作動詞,意為“允許,準(zhǔn)許”。主要用法如下:1.allow+名詞/代詞。如:Wecannotstandbyandallowsuchathing.對這樣的事,我們不能袖手旁觀。2.allowsb.todosth.“允許某人做某事”。如:Mymotherallowedmetoplayforonly30minutes.我媽媽只允許我玩30分鐘。3.allowsb.sth.“允許某人某事”。如:Passengersareallowedoneitemofhandluggageeach.每位乘客允許攜帶一件手

提行李。知識點(diǎn)2compare的用法1.Childrenarealwaysenergeticandhopeful.Weoftencomparethem

to

the

risingsun.2.Ifyoucomparehiswork

with

hers,you'llfindhersismuchbetter.3.—Ifyoualways

compareyourselfwithothers

(把自己與他人作比較),you

mayhavetonsofpressure.compare作動詞,意為“比較,對比;與……相似;將……比作……”。compare...to...與compare...with...辨析短語意義及用法例句compare...with...把……和……比較(常表示同類比較)compare

with

Howdoesmywritingcomparewithyourwrit-

ing?我的作品和你的比較起來怎么樣?compare...to...把……比作……(常表示異類相比,比喻)compare

to

Weoftencompareteacherstocandles.我們常把

老師比作蠟燭。注意compare放在句首作狀語時(shí),表被動要用compared,表主動要用comparing。如:Comparedwithmanypeople,sheisreallylucky.和許多人相比,她真的很幸運(yùn)。Comparingwithhisroom,Ifindthatmineisalittlesmaller.和他的房間相比,我發(fā)

現(xiàn)我的(房間)更小一些。知識點(diǎn)3return的用法1.—Whereareyougoing?—I'mgoingtothelibrary.I'vefinishedreadingthisbook,soI'mgoingto

return

(buy/throw/return/borrow)it.2.—Mike,mayIuseyourcar?IneedtogotoLuoyang.—Ofcourse.Butyoumustreturnit

to

methisevening.return的用法:(1)“返回;回來”,相當(dāng)于“goback/getback/comeback”。如:AnnwillvisityouwhenshereturnstoLondon.在Ann返回倫敦后,她將去拜訪

你。(當(dāng)“返回”講時(shí)是不及物動詞,后加to才可接地點(diǎn)。另外,return已含有

back的意思,后不可再跟back。)(2)“歸還”,相當(dāng)于“giveback”。Ihavereturnedthedictionary.我已經(jīng)歸還了字典。(當(dāng)“歸還”講時(shí)是及物動

詞,后可直接接物,若再接人時(shí)需加to,同樣不可再跟back。如:YoushouldreturnthepianotoDickontime.你應(yīng)該把鋼琴按時(shí)還給Dick。)

知識點(diǎn)4Whydon'tyou...?句型1.—Whydon'tyou

gotothepark

(去公園)now?—Goodidea!2.—Ihavetoomuchhouseworktodoathome.—

Whynot

(為什么不)askyourhusbandforhelp?Whydon'tyoudosth.?意為“你為什么不做某事呢?”,與Whynotdosth.?是同

義表達(dá)。如:Whydon'tyoustayforsupper?=Whynotstayforsupper?你為什么不留下來吃晚飯呢?拓展

Whynot?是常見的口語表達(dá),意為“為什么不呢?”,該句用于表示同意或贊

同?！狶et'sgototheseaside.讓我們?nèi)ズ＿叞??！狾K.Whynot?好的。為什么不呢?知識點(diǎn)5fight的用法1.MartinLutherKing,Jr.ledtheblacktofight

against

theinequalitybetween

theblackandthewhite.Finally,theysucceeded.2.Thetwofriends

hadafight

(打了一架)justnow.Butlatertheyrealizedthey

werewrongtodosoandapologizedtoeachother.fight的過去式和過去分詞均為fought。1.fight作動詞,意為“戰(zhàn)斗;打架”。如:Mylittlebrothersarealwaysfighting.我的小弟弟們總在打架。2.fightagainst與……作斗爭;對抗;fightfor為……而戰(zhàn)斗。如:Wehavetofightagainstdifficulties.我們不得不同困難作斗爭。Theyfightfortheirmotherland.他們?yōu)樽鎳鴳?zhàn)斗。3.fight作名詞,意為“打架;戰(zhàn)斗”。如:AfightbrokeoutbetweenJimandJack.吉姆和杰克打了起來。難點(diǎn)一provide,offer,give與supply難點(diǎn)辨析突破1.—I'mlookingforajob.Couldyou

offer

(provide/produce/trade/offer)me

someinformation?—Oh,thereisperfectoneintoday'snewspaper.2.—How'sBobnow?—Ihearthecompany

offered

(offer)himaverygoodjob,butheturnedit

down.3.Somepeoplethinkit'stheparents'jobtoprovidetheirchildren

with

aclean

andcomfortableenvironmentathome.4.We