2024-2025學(xué)年第一學(xué)期期末檢測(cè)高三英語(yǔ)注意事項(xiàng)1.本試卷滿分為150分，考試時(shí)間為120分鐘。2.答題前，請(qǐng)務(wù)必將學(xué)校、姓名、準(zhǔn)考證號(hào)填寫在答題紙上。3.請(qǐng)用0.5毫米黑色簽字筆按題號(hào)在答題紙指定區(qū)域作答，在其它位置作答一律無(wú)效。第一部分聽(tīng)力（共兩節(jié)，滿分30分）第一節(jié)（共5小題；每小題1.5分，滿分7.5分）聽(tīng)下面5段對(duì)話。每段對(duì)話后有一個(gè)小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)，并標(biāo)在試卷的相應(yīng)位置。聽(tīng)完每段對(duì)話后，你都有10秒鐘的時(shí)間來(lái)回答有關(guān)小題和閱讀下一小題。每段對(duì)話僅讀一遍。1.【此處可播放相關(guān)音頻，請(qǐng)去附件查看】Whatdoesthemando?A.Apainter. B.Apublisher. C.Awriter.【答案】C【解析】【原文】W:Ilovethispainting.Youreallyhaveagift.M:Thanks.Butthat’smysister’swork.Iwritebooks.2.【此處可播放相關(guān)音頻，請(qǐng)去附件查看】Howmuchdoesthemanhavetopayintotal?A.148dollars. B.150dollars. C.152dollars.【答案】B【解析】【原文】W:Thetieis68dollarsandtheT-shirtis82dollars.M:Hereismycreditcard.3.【此處可播放相關(guān)音頻，請(qǐng)去附件查看】WhatdoesthewomanthinkofAnn?A.Shedidwellintheexam.B.Shecouldhavedonebetter.C.Sheisn’tgoodatherstudies.【答案】A【解析】【原文】W:HowdidAnnedointheexam?M:Lookather.Sheseemstobeontopoftheworldnow.W:Thenshemusthavedoneverywell.4.【此處可播放相關(guān)音頻，請(qǐng)去附件查看】Whoisthelittleboy?A.Thewoman’sson. B.Thewoman’sgrandson. C.Thewoman’snephew.【答案】C【解析】【原文】M:Isthatlittleboyyourgrandson?W:Don’tyouthinkI’mtooyoungtohaveagrandson?Heismysister’sson.M:Sorry,buthedoeslookalittlelikeyou.W:Yeshedoes,doesn’the?5.【此處可播放相關(guān)音頻，請(qǐng)去附件查看】Whatisbotheringtheman?A.Thenoisefromthestreet.B.ThenoisefromMr.Black’sgarden.C.Thenoisefromthewoman’sgarden.【答案】B【解析】【原文】M:Icannotstayhereonemoreminute.W:Whatisbotheringyou?M:Thenoise.Whoismakingthatnoise?W:It’sourneighbour,MisterBlack.Heisworkinginhisgarden.Letmegoandaskhimtostop.第二節(jié)（共15小題；每小題1.5分，滿分22.5分）聽(tīng)下面5段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白。每段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白后有幾個(gè)小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)，并標(biāo)在試卷的相應(yīng)位置。聽(tīng)每段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白前，你將有時(shí)間閱讀各個(gè)小題，每小題5秒鐘；聽(tīng)完后，各小題將給出5秒鐘的作答時(shí)間。每段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白讀兩遍。聽(tīng)下面一段較長(zhǎng)對(duì)話，回答以下小題?！敬颂幙刹シ畔嚓P(guān)音頻，請(qǐng)去附件查看】6.Whatisthewomandoing?A.Doingsomereading. B.Writingapaper. C.Listeningtomusic.7.Whatarethespeakerstalkingabout?A.Turningofftheradio. B.Playingsomesoftmusic. C.Buyingabook.【答案】6.A7.A【解析】【原文】W:Couldyouturnofftheradio?Idon'tlikethissong.M:Why?It'sagoodsong.W:It'stoonoisy.Ilikesoftmusic.M:ThenI'lljustfindsomesoftmusicforyou.W:Thanks,butIdon'tlikehavingmusiconwhileI'mreadingabook.Couldyoujustturnitoff?M:Okay,nowit'squiet.Sowhatareyoureading?W:AclassicbyJaneAustenEmma.M:Ilovethatbook.聽(tīng)下面一段較長(zhǎng)對(duì)話，回答以下小題?！敬颂幙刹シ畔嚓P(guān)音頻，請(qǐng)去附件查看】8.Whatisthemanprobablydoing?A.Writinghisschoolpaper.B.Doingthehousework.C.WatchingTV.9.Whattimeisitnow?A.About6:00. B.About6:30. C.About7:00.10.Whatistheprobablerelationshipbetweenthespeakers?A.Motherandson. B.Sisterandbrother. C.Teacherandstudent.【答案】8.C9.B10.B【解析】【原文】W:Couldyouhelpmewiththehousework?M:Sorry,butI’mbusywithmyhomework.Didn’tyoufinishyourhomeworkhalfanhourago?NowyouaresittingtherewatchingTV.M:WhynotaskMiketohelpyou?Heseemslikehe’dbehappytohelpyou.W:Heisbusywithhisschoolpaper.JuststopwatchingTVandcomeandhelpme.Momwillbebackaroundseven,Iwanttogiveherasurprise.Ican’tfinishallthehouseworkinhalfanhour.M:Whydidn’tyoudoitearlier?W:Iwascookingsupperforyou.M:Okay?I’llhelpyou.聽(tīng)下面一段較長(zhǎng)對(duì)話，回答以下小題?！敬颂幙刹シ畔嚓P(guān)音頻，請(qǐng)去附件查看】11.HowlonghasthemanbeenlearningFrench?A.Fortwomonths. B.Foroneyear. C.Fortwoyears.12.Whatdoesthemanthinkoffindingateacher?A.It’smeaningless. B.It’stooexpensive. C.It’sworthy.13.Whatdoesthewomanadvisethemantodo?A.LearnFrenchwithher.B.Learnbyhimself.C.ReadFrencharticles.【答案】11.C12.B13.A【解析】【原文】W:That’saFrenchtextbookyouhavethere.AreyoulearningFrench?M:Yes,IhavebeenlearningFrenchfortwoyears.W:Thenyoumustbegoodatitnow.M:No,thoughIhavebeenlearningFrenchfortwoyears,Ican’tspeakit.W:Youmustbekidding.M:No,I’mnot.Idon’thaveateacher.I'mjustlearningbymyselfandIhavenoonetopracticewith.ButIcanreadsimpleFrencharticles.W:Whynotfindateacher?M:It’stooexpensive.Ican’taffordit.Don’tworry.IbelieveIwillfindsomeotherFrenchlearnerstochatwithsomeday.W:Wecouldstudytogether.IhavealwayswantedtolearnFrench.NowIfinallyhaveachance.Wecanfindateacher,I’msurewecanaffordit,orwecanattendaFrenchtrainingcourse.M:Thatsoundslikeagoodidea.聽(tīng)下面一段較長(zhǎng)對(duì)話，回答以下小題?！敬颂幙刹シ畔嚓P(guān)音頻，請(qǐng)去附件查看】14Wheredidthemantakethispicture?A.IntheUSA. B.InCanada. C.InJapan.15.Howoldistheprofessornow?A.32yearsold. B.35yearsold. C.38yearsold.16.Whatdidthemanthinkofhisprofessor?A.Boring. B.Funny. C.Strict.17.Whatwillthemandonext?A.Getsomepictures.B.Callhisprofessor.C.Hangoutwiththewoman.【答案】14.B15.C16.B17.A【解析】【原文】W:Whendidyoutakethispicture?M:Aboutthreeyearsago,whenIwasstudyinginCanada,thesewereallmyclassmatesexcepttheoneontheleft.W:Washeyourprofessor?Butisn’thetooyoungtobeaprofessor?Heisyoung.M:Hewasonlyabout35yearsoldandhelookedveryyoungthen.Hewasagoodprofessor.Wealllikedhim.Hewasfunnyandlikedhangingoutwithus.W:Youwereluckytohavesuchagoodprofessor.Allmyprofessorswereeitheroldmenoroldladies.Someofthemwereveryboring.M:Well,oldprofessorsusuallyhaveachievedalot.I’msureyoucouldlearnalotfromthem.W:That’strue.SodidyoutakeanyotherpicturesinCanada?’dliketohavealookatthem.Ifyouhaveany.M:Sure.Buttheyareupstairs.I’llgetthemandberightback.聽(tīng)下面一段獨(dú)白，回答以下小題?！敬颂幙刹シ畔嚓P(guān)音頻，請(qǐng)去附件查看】18.HowlongwillMillerandEdwardslasttonight?A.Halfanhour. B.Anhour. C.Twohours.19.WhatdoesthespeakersayaboutStardate3,000?A.Itsstoriesarenotverygood.B.Itsactorsareinexperienced.C.ItsdirectorisanAmerican.20.WhattimedoesTVDiarystarttonight?A.At6:30. B.At8:30. C.At9:30.【答案】18.B19.A20.B【解析】【原文】W:AndfinallyonTVdiary,awordaboutsomeoftheprogramsonyourscreenstonight.AfterthenewsonBBC,there’sMillerandEdwards.Thetwocomedianshavesavedalotoftheirbestjokesforthisspecialprogram,whichisthelastofthepresentseries.Tonight’sshowlastsanhourinsteadoftheusualhalfhour.MillerandEdwardsisjoinedbyfamousactorGilesWelby,whoplaysanangrymotoristinonescene.BeginningtonightisStardate3000,anAmericansciencefictionseries.It’sbeenontelevisionintheUSAforthelasttwomonthsandcommentsontheshowhavebeenmixed.Itcertainlyhassomefineactors,butthereisalimittohowmuchadirectorcandowithstoriesasweakasthese.I’msureI’veseenmostofthescenerybeforeinothershowsfromthesamestudio.Perhapssomeofthemoneytheysavedonthesceneryshouldbespentongettingsomebetterwriters.Don’tforgetthatfromtomorrow,TVdiaryisgoingtobeatsixthirtyPMinsteadofeightthirtyforthreeweeksbecauseofthetenniscompetitions.WhenthecompetitionsfinishatthestartofJuly,we’llbebackatourusualtime,sothanksforlistening.第二部分閱讀（共兩節(jié)，滿分50分）第一節(jié)（共15小題；每小題2.5分，滿分37.5分）閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)。ADisneylandResortFromdiscountsonparkentryticketstonearbyhotelstays,herearetheholidayoffersatDisneylandResort.SpecialTicketOffersTheholidaysatDisneylandResortareinfullswingtowelcomeChineseNewYear,withspecialfireworksshowsandtheaward-winningFestivalofHolidaysbringingabundantmerryfoodstotheparks.Theresortisnowofferingaholidaylimited-time“TwoDaysandGetOneDayFree”ticket.Withaspeciallypriced3-dayticket,guestscanvisitbothDisneyCaliforniaAdventureParkandDisneylandPark.Theticketcosts$330,whichcanbeboughtonlineorinpersonattheboxoffice.Withthefestiveadditionoffunnykids’programming,itisanidealfamilyresort.Theresortisalsorunningapromotionwith$50kidticketsforvisitsin2025.Notes:·Thisofferisvalid(有效)for13daysafterfirstuse.·Guestscanvisitonlyoneparkinaday.AccommodationOffersGuestsvisitingfortheholidayseasoncanalsotakeadvantageofaspecialhoteldiscountwithsavingsasmuchas15percentoffselectstayswithfullprepaymentattheDisneylandHotelandDisney’sGrandCalifornianHotel.ThisoffermustbebookedbyJan.19,2025andisvalidforstaysfromSundaytoThursdaynightsuntilFeb.27,2025.Note:·Atwocontinuousnightminimumstayisrequired.21.Whatcanavisitordoattheresortwitha$330ticket?A.Setofffireworkswithfamilies.B.Bringalongachildforfree.C.Entertheresortmorethanonce.D.Visitbothparksinoneday.22.Whatdoweknowaboutthespecialhoteldiscount?A.Guestspay15%oftheoriginalprice.B.GuestshavetomakereservationsbeforeJan.19.C.GuestscanstayinthehotelonFriday.D.Guestscanchoosetwoseparatedaystocheckin.23.Whatisthetext?A.Atraveljournal. B.Aholidayplan.C.Anadvertisement. D.Anannouncement.【答案】21.C22.B23.C【解析】【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】這是一篇應(yīng)用文。主要介紹了迪士尼度假區(qū)的節(jié)日優(yōu)惠活動(dòng)，包括門票優(yōu)惠和住宿優(yōu)惠?！?1題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)SpecialTicketOffers部分中的“Theresortisnowofferingaholidaylimited-time“TwoDaysandGetOneDayFree”ticket.Withaspeciallypriced3-dayticket,guestscanvisitbothDisneyCaliforniaAdventureParkandDisneylandPark.Theticketcosts$330,whichcanbeboughtonlineorinpersonattheboxoffice.(度假村現(xiàn)在提供提供假日限時(shí)“買二送一”的門票。憑一張?zhí)貎r(jià)的3天門票，客人可以參觀迪士尼加州冒險(xiǎn)樂(lè)園和迪士尼樂(lè)園。門票價(jià)格為330美元，可以在網(wǎng)上或親自前往售票處購(gòu)買。)”可知，花費(fèi)330美元可以購(gòu)買一張3天的特別門票，在這3天內(nèi)可以參觀兩個(gè)公園，即可以多次進(jìn)入度假區(qū)。故選C項(xiàng)?！?2題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)AccommodationOffers部分中的“Guestsvisitingfortheholidayseasoncanalsotakeadvantageofaspecialhoteldiscountwithsavingsasmuchas15percentoffselectstayswithfullprepaymentattheDisneylandHotelandDisney’sGrandCalifornianHotel.ThisoffermustbebookedbyJan.19,2025andisvalidforstaysfromSundaytoThursdaynightsuntilFeb.27,2025.(在假期期間到訪的客人還可以享受特別的酒店折扣，在迪士尼樂(lè)園酒店和迪士尼加州大酒店全額預(yù)付款的情況下，可以節(jié)省高達(dá)15%的精選住宿費(fèi)用。此優(yōu)惠必須在2025年1月19日前預(yù)訂，適用于2025年2月27日之前周日至周四晚上的住宿。)”可知，想要享受酒店的特別折扣，客人必須在2025年1月19日之前預(yù)訂。故選B項(xiàng)。【23題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章標(biāo)題“DisneylandResort(迪士尼樂(lè)園度假區(qū))”以及文章開(kāi)頭“Fromdiscountsonparkentryticketstonearbyhotelstays,herearetheholidayoffersatDisneylandResort.(從公園門票折扣到附近酒店住宿，這里是迪士尼度假區(qū)的節(jié)日優(yōu)惠活動(dòng))”可知，這是一篇關(guān)于迪士尼度假區(qū)節(jié)日優(yōu)惠活動(dòng)的廣告。故選C項(xiàng)。BMarkBeer,adistinguishedactorwithover40yearsintheindustry,hasalotoffirststohisname:thefirstdisabledchildren’spresenteron“Playdays”andthefirstdisabledactortostaraTVdramaseries.Despitetheseachievements,heunderstandsdisabledactorsstillfacevariouschallenges,particularlyinlandingroles.Bornwith2nddegreeCerebralPalsyandwheelchair-bound,Markstartedactingprofessionallyat17andwonaBronzeMedalatafestival.Later,hestudieddramaattheCityLiteraryInstituteinLondon.“Mylovefortheatrestartedinchildhood.Performingplayswithmybrothersinthegardenprovidedanescapefrommyhealthissuesandconfirmedmybeliefinbeinganycharacter,notjustachildwithseveredisabilities,”Marksays.Heneverviewshimselfasadisabledactorbutasonecompetingforthesamerolesasothers.Heacknowledgesthatifhehadconsideredthebarriers,mainlytheunfriendlyjudgementbyothers,hemighthavechosenadifferentcareer.“Thankfully,thingsaregettingmuchbetterforusandthestageentryisnolongeraproblemforthoseinwheelchairs!”WhiledisabledactorsaremorevisibleinfilmsandTV,theindustrystillhasalongwaytogobeforeitstopssimplycastingdisabledactorsasangry,disabledvictims.Inhisowntheatrecompany,DramaiochProductions,Markadoptsacreativeapproachbyfullycastingdisabledactorsalongsidenon-disabledonesonstage.“It’simportantwehighlightdisabilitiesintheartstoensurethisworlddoesn’tremaindivided,”explainsMark.“Bybringingdisabilitiestothemainstreamwillhopefullyencouragetheindustrytodevelopandrepresentsocietymoreaccurately.Wearecastingpeoplewithdisabilitiesbasedonworth,abilityandtalent.”24.WhydidMarkchoosetobeanactor?A.Hisbrothersencouragedhimtoact.B.Disabledpeoplewerebadlytreated.C.Hecouldbecomefamousthroughacting.D.Actinghelpedhimforgetabouthisillness.25.WhatdoesMarkthinkisthemajorbarrierfordisabledactors?A.Nowheelchairaccess. B.Prejudiceagainstthem.C.Alackofcompetence. D.Theirhealthconditions.26.Whyaredisabledactorscasttogetherwithnon-disabledinMark’scompany?A.Tomeettheneedsofviewers.B.Tospeakupfordisabledactors.C.Topromotecompanygrowth.D.Tomaketheplayquiteunique.27.WhichofthefollowingbestdescribesMarkBeer?A.Talentedandsociallyresponsible.B.Determinedandmodest.C.Open-mindedandhumorous.D.Sympatheticandtolerant.【答案】24.D25.B26.B27.A【解析】【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】這是一篇記敘文。文章主要講述了身患?xì)埣驳闹輪TMarkBeer在演藝行業(yè)中的奮斗歷程和他對(duì)殘疾演員在行業(yè)中現(xiàn)狀的看法。【24題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段中Mark說(shuō)的話“Performingplayswithmybrothersinthegardenprovidedanescapefrommyhealthissuesandconfirmedmybeliefinbeinganycharacter,notjustachildwithseveredisabilities,(在花園里和兄弟們一起表演戲劇，讓我從健康問(wèn)題中解脫出來(lái)，也讓我堅(jiān)信自己可以扮演任何角色，而不僅僅是一個(gè)患有嚴(yán)重殘疾的孩子。)”可知，表演幫助他忘記自己的疾病，所以他選擇成為演員。故選D項(xiàng)?！?5題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段中“Heacknowledgesthatifhehadconsideredthebarriers,mainlytheunfriendlyjudgementbyothers,hemighthavechosenadifferentcareer.(他承認(rèn)，如果他考慮到障礙，主要是他人不友好的判斷，他可能會(huì)選擇不同的職業(yè)。)”可知，Mark認(rèn)為殘疾演員面臨的主要障礙是人們對(duì)他們的偏見(jiàn)。故選B項(xiàng)?！?6題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第四段“WhiledisabledactorsaremorevisibleinfilmsandTV,theindustrystillhasalongwaytogobeforeitstopssimplycastingdisabledactorsasangry,disabledvictims.Inhisowntheatrecompany,DramaiochProductions,Markadoptsacreativeapproachbyfullycastingdisabledactorsalongsidenon-disabledonesonstage.(雖然殘疾演員在電影和電視上越來(lái)越顯眼，但在停止僅僅將殘疾演員塑造成憤怒的、殘疾的受害者之前，這個(gè)行業(yè)還有很長(zhǎng)的路要走。在他自己的戲劇公司DramaiochProductions，Mark采取了一種創(chuàng)造性的方法，即在舞臺(tái)上完全由殘疾演員和非殘疾演員共同出演。)”和第五段中Mark說(shuō)的話“Bybringingdisabilitiestothemainstreamwillhopefullyencouragetheindustrytodevelopandrepresentsocietymoreaccurately.(通過(guò)將殘疾問(wèn)題帶入主流，希望能鼓勵(lì)該行業(yè)發(fā)展并更準(zhǔn)確地代表社會(huì)。)”可推知，Mark的公司殘疾演員和健全的演員一起出演是為了為殘疾演員發(fā)聲。故選B項(xiàng)?！?7題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第一段中“MarkBeer,adistinguishedactorwithover40yearsintheindustry,hasalotoffirststohisname:thefirstdisabledchildren’spresenteron‘Playdays’andthefirstdisabledactortostaraTVdramaseries.(MarkBeer是一位在演藝行業(yè)工作超過(guò)40年的杰出演員，他的名字有很多第一次：他是“Playdays”節(jié)目中的第一位殘疾兒童節(jié)目主持人，也是第一位主演電視連續(xù)劇的殘疾演員。)”可知，Mark很有天賦；根據(jù)最后一段中Mark說(shuō)的話“It’simportantwehighlightdisabilitiesintheartstoensurethisworlddoesn’tremaindivided,(我們?cè)谒囆g(shù)中強(qiáng)調(diào)殘疾是很重要的，以確保這個(gè)世界不再分裂。)”可知，Mark很有社會(huì)責(zé)任感。故選A項(xiàng)。CAparasocialrelationship（PSR）isgenerallydefinedasarelationshipinwhichonememberoftherelationshipisn’tawareoftheother—forexample,afanlovesacelebrity,butthecelebritydoesn’tknowtheyexist.Theterm“parasocialrelationships”firstappearedinthe1950s,whenpsychologiststriedtounderstandhowtelevisionviewersreactedtoTVpersonalitiesspeakingtothemdirectlyoutofthescreen.Laterinthe70sand80s,scholarsbegantoassumethatformingparasocialrelationshipswasdrivenbyloneliness.However,not-lonelypeoplearejustaslikelytoformaconnectionwiththatpersononthescreen.Asfandoms（粉絲圈）becamemorevisiblethroughoutthelatterhalfofthe20thcentury,parasocialrelationshipsbecameassociatedwithyouthandimmaturity.It’struethatadolescentsparticularlytendtodevelopintenseparasocialrelationshipsbecauseitcanbeachancetopracticerealadultfeelingsonsomeoneatasafedistance.Butdigitalinteractioncomplicatesthesenaturalrelationships.Sincetheriseofsocialmedia,thephenomenonofparasocialrelationshipshasbeenhugelyamplified（放大）.ThetraditionalarrangementofPSRs,wherethefanhasnoactualcontactwithacelebrity,isvisiblychangedbyournewmeansofcommunication—acelebritymightseeafan’smessageorevenreply.Whenfansaregainingaccesstothecelebritythroughsocialmediaposts,itincreasesthefeelingofcloseness.Peoplethinktheyreallyhavemoreofarelationshipthantheydo.Onlinefandoms,especiallylargeonesfullofadolescentswithstrongemotionscangeneratebadbehavioramongadults.Behaviorthatmighthavebeenlimitedtoonepersonorafewpeoplemightbe,thankstosocialmedia,giventhechancetospread.“There’sasortofechochambereffect（回聲室效應(yīng)）wherepeopleconvincethemselves,‘everyoneagreeswithmeandthereforeweareallrightinourapproach,’”saysGayleStever,theauthorofParasocialExperiences.Parasocialrelationshipsarenaturalandnotinherently（固有地）unhealthy.ButasSteversays,“Anythingthatcanbetrueaboutaregularsocialrelationshipcanbetrueaboutaparasocialrelationship.”28.Whichaspectofparasocialrelationshipsdoesparagraph2talkabout?ATheirfeatures. B.Theirdevelopment.C.Theirforms. D.Theirinfluence.29.Howhassocialmediachangedparasocialrelationships?A.Mostonlineusersareadolescents.B.Fanscanmeetcelebritiesinperson.C.PSRsbecomemorecommonamongfans.D.Fanscaninteractwithcelebritiesonline.30.WhydoesStevermentiontheechochambereffectinherbook?A.Toexplainhowbehaviorspreadsinonlinefandoms.B.Toprovethatfansareeasilypersuadedbyothers.C.Toillustratethereasonswhyfans’actionsareright.D.TostressthefactthatStever’sbookisimportant.31.Whatisthewriter’sattitudetowardsparasocialrelationships?A.Approving. B.Negative. C.Unclear. D.Objective.【答案】28.B29.D30.A31.D【解析】【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】這是一篇說(shuō)明文。文章主要介紹了擬社會(huì)關(guān)系（parasocialrelationships）的定義、起源、發(fā)展、影響及特點(diǎn)，指出擬社會(huì)關(guān)系并不固有地不健康，但也要認(rèn)識(shí)到其可能帶來(lái)的問(wèn)題?！?8題詳解】主旨大意題。根據(jù)第二段第一句“Theterm‘parasocialrelationships’firstappearedinthe1950s,whenpsychologiststriedtounderstandhowtelevisionviewersreactedtoTVpersonalitiesspeakingtothemdirectlyoutofthescreen.(擬社會(huì)關(guān)系一詞最早出現(xiàn)在20世紀(jì)50年代，當(dāng)時(shí)心理學(xué)家試圖了解電視觀眾是如何對(duì)電視人物直接從屏幕上與他們交談做出反應(yīng)的。)”可知，第二段首先講述擬社會(huì)關(guān)系的起源，然后從文中“Laterinthe70sand80s,scholarsbegantoassumethatformingparasocialrelationshipswasdrivenbyloneliness.However,not-lonelypeoplearejustaslikelytoformaconnectionwiththatpersononthescreen.Asfandoms（粉絲圈）becamemorevisiblethroughoutthelatterhalfofthe20thcentury,parasocialrelationshipsbecameassociatedwithyouthandimmaturity.(在70年代和80年代后期，學(xué)者們開(kāi)始認(rèn)為形成反社會(huì)關(guān)系是由孤獨(dú)驅(qū)使的。然而，不孤獨(dú)的人同樣有可能在屏幕上與那個(gè)人建立聯(lián)系。隨著粉絲圈在20世紀(jì)后半葉變得更加明顯，擬社會(huì)關(guān)系與年輕和不成熟聯(lián)系在一起。)”可知，接著講述其隨時(shí)間的推移而發(fā)展的情況。由此可知，第二段主要講擬社會(huì)關(guān)系的發(fā)展。故選B項(xiàng)?！?9題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段中的“Sincetheriseofsocialmedia,thephenomenonofparasocialrelationshipshasbeenhugelyamplified（放大）.ThetraditionalarrangementofPSRs,wherethefanhasnoactualcontactwithacelebrity,isvisiblychangedbyournewmeansofcommunication—acelebritymightseeafan’smessageorevenreply.(自從社交媒體興起以來(lái)，超社會(huì)關(guān)系現(xiàn)象被極大地放大了。傳統(tǒng)的擬社會(huì)關(guān)系，即粉絲與名人沒(méi)有實(shí)際接觸，由于我們新的溝通方式而發(fā)生了明顯的變化——名人可能會(huì)看到粉絲的信息，甚至回復(fù)。)”可知，社交媒體改變了擬社會(huì)關(guān)系，粉絲可以在線與名人互動(dòng)。故選D項(xiàng)?！?0題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第四段中的“Whenfansaregainingaccesstothecelebritythroughsocialmediaposts,itincreasesthefeelingofcloseness.Peoplethinktheyreallyhavemoreofarelationshipthantheydo.Onlinefandoms,especiallylargeonesfullofadolescentswithstrongemotionscangeneratebadbehavioramongadults.Behaviorthatmighthavebeenlimitedtoonepersonorafewpeoplemightbe,thankstosocialmedia,giventhechancetospread.(當(dāng)粉絲通過(guò)社交媒體帖子接觸到這位名人時(shí)，會(huì)增加親密感。人們認(rèn)為他們真的有比他們更多的關(guān)系。網(wǎng)絡(luò)粉絲，尤其是那些充滿強(qiáng)烈情緒的青少年的大型粉絲群，會(huì)在成年人中產(chǎn)生不良行為。由于社交媒體，可能僅限于一個(gè)人或幾個(gè)人的行為可能會(huì)有機(jī)會(huì)傳播。)”可知，這部分內(nèi)容提到了社交媒體使粉絲行為傳播地更快，另外根據(jù)本段最后一句“‘There’sasortofechochambereffectwherepeopleconvincethemselves,‘everyoneagreeswithmeandthereforeweareallrightinourapproach,’saysGayleStever,theauthorofParasocialExperiences.(擬社會(huì)經(jīng)歷一書(shū)的作者蓋爾·斯特弗說(shuō):“有一種回聲室效應(yīng)，人們說(shuō)服自己，‘每個(gè)人都同意我的看法，所以我們的方法是正確的?！?”可知，斯特弗在書(shū)中提到回聲室效應(yīng)是為了解釋在線粉絲群體中行為是如何傳播的。故選A項(xiàng)?！?1題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段“Parasocialrelationshipsarenaturalandnotinherentlyunhealthy.ButasSteversays,‘Anythingthatcanbetrueaboutaregularsocialrelationshipcanbetrueaboutaparasocialrelationship.’(擬社會(huì)關(guān)系是自然的，并非天生不健康。但正如Stever所說(shuō)，“任何關(guān)于常規(guī)社會(huì)關(guān)系的事實(shí)都可能是關(guān)于擬社會(huì)關(guān)系的。”)”可知，作者對(duì)擬社會(huì)關(guān)系持客觀態(tài)度，認(rèn)為其并不固有地不健康，但也要認(rèn)識(shí)到其可能帶來(lái)的問(wèn)題。故選D項(xiàng)。DThehumanmindisaremarkabledevice.However,itisnotwithoutlimits,whichhastodowithourbrain’sexecutive(執(zhí)行的)function.Imaginethatyouarefacingaverydifficultdecisionaboutwhichoftwojobofferstoaccept.Onepositionoffersgoodpaybutisprettyboringwhiletheotherjobisreallyinterestingbutthepayisnotideal.Clearlyyoucansolvethisprobleminmanyways.Fewpeople,however,knowthatyoumightchoosethewrongjobbecauseyouresistedtheurgetoeatapieceofcakebeforeconsideringthejoboffers.Unrelatedactivitiescanexhaust(消耗)theexecutivefunctionanddisturbyourabilitytomakeanimportantdecision.It’slongbeenrecognizedthatchallengingcognitive(認(rèn)知的)taskscanmakeithardertofocuslateron.Butrecentresearchsuggeststhatthesementalactivitiesmaybemuchbroader.Onestudyfoundthatparticipantswhomadechoicesinashopweremorelikelytodelaypreparingforanimportanttest.Insteadofstudying,these“tired”mindsengagedinotherleisureactivities.Whyismakingadecisionsotough?Onetheorysuggeststhatwhenyouswitchfromthinkingaboutoptionstoactuallymakingadecision,thisswitchrequiresexecutiveresources.Otherstudiesshowthatmakingchoicesitselfmaybetaxing.Forexample,inonestudy,thescientistsshowthatpeoplewhohadtoratetheattractivenessofdifferentoptionsweremuchlesswornoutthanthosewhohadtoactuallymakechoicesbetweentheverysameoptions.Thesefindingshaveimportantreal-worldsignificance.Ourbrainworkslikeamuscle:whenexhausted,itbecomeslesseffective.Furthermore,weshouldtakethisknowledgeintoaccountwhenmakingdecisions.Ifwe’vejustspentlotsoftimefocusingonaparticulartask,orevenifwe’vejustmadelotsofseeminglyminorchoices,thenweprobablyshouldn’ttrytomakeamajordecision.Theseharmfuleffectsfromatiredbrainmayhaveastrongshapingeffectonourlives.32.Accordingtothetext,whatmaymakeyouchoosethewrongjob?A.Bothjobsareequallyappealing. B.Youdidn’teatthecake.C.Therearetoomanysolutions. D.Yourbrainistiredout.33.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“taxing”inparagraph4mean?A.Confusing. B.Tiring. C.Scaring. D.Disappointing.34.Whatdoestheauthorsuggest?A.Trainthebrainlikeexercisingmuscles.B.Spendlesstimeonmakingsmallchoices.C.Makevitalchoiceswitharefreshedbrain.D.Avoidconcentratingonataskfortoolong.35.Whichofthefollowingisthebesttitleforthetext?A.ToughChoices. B.MentalFunction.C.FactsoftheBrain. D.StudiesofJobs.【答案】32.D33.B34.C35.A【解析】【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】這是一篇說(shuō)明文。本文探討了大腦的執(zhí)行功能對(duì)決策能力的影響，指出無(wú)關(guān)活動(dòng)會(huì)消耗執(zhí)行功能并干擾重要決策，大腦像肌肉一樣會(huì)疲勞，因此在做出重要決策時(shí)應(yīng)考慮這一點(diǎn)?！?2題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段“Fewpeople,however,knowthatyoumightchoosethewrongjobbecauseyouresistedtheurgetoeatapieceofcakebeforeconsideringthejoboffers.(然而，很少有人知道，你可能會(huì)因?yàn)樵诳紤]工作機(jī)會(huì)之前忍住了吃一塊蛋糕的沖動(dòng)而選擇了錯(cuò)誤的工作。)”和第三段“Unrelatedactivitiescanexhaust(消耗)theexecutivefunctionanddisturbyourabilitytomakeanimportantdecision.(無(wú)關(guān)的活動(dòng)會(huì)耗盡執(zhí)行功能，并干擾你做出重要決定的能力。)”可知，無(wú)關(guān)的活動(dòng)會(huì)消耗大腦的執(zhí)行功能，從而干擾做出重要決定的能力，可能會(huì)因此選擇錯(cuò)誤的工作，即大腦累了可能會(huì)讓你選擇錯(cuò)誤的工作。故選D項(xiàng)。【33題詳解】詞句猜測(cè)題。根據(jù)上文“Whenyouswitchfromthinkingaboutoptionstoactuallymakingadecision,thisswitchrequiresexecutiveresources.(當(dāng)你從思考選項(xiàng)轉(zhuǎn)向?qū)嶋H做出決定時(shí)，這種轉(zhuǎn)換需要執(zhí)行資源。)”可推知，做出選擇本身可能是需要花費(fèi)精力，是令人疲倦的。taxing意為“令人疲憊的”。故選B項(xiàng)?！?4題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段“Furthermore,weshouldtakethisknowledgeintoaccountwhenmakingdecisions.Ifwe’vejustspentlotsoftimefocusingonaparticulartask,orevenifwe’vejustmadelotsofseeminglyminorchoices,thenweprobablyshouldn’ttrytomakeamajordecision.(此外，我們?cè)谧鰶Q定時(shí)應(yīng)該考慮到這一點(diǎn)。如果我們剛剛花了很多時(shí)間專注于一項(xiàng)特定的任務(wù)，或者即使我們剛剛做出了很多看似微不足道的選擇，那么我們可能就不應(yīng)該試圖做出一個(gè)重大的決定。)”可知，作者建議我們?cè)诖竽X清醒的時(shí)候做出重要的決定。故選C項(xiàng)?！?5題詳解】主旨大意題。通讀全文，特別是根據(jù)第一段“Thehumanmindisaremarkabledevice.However,itisnotwithoutlimits,whichhastodowithourbrain’sexecutive(執(zhí)行的)function.(人類的大腦是一個(gè)非凡的器官。然而，它并非沒(méi)有極限，這與我們大腦的執(zhí)行功能有關(guān)。)”可知，本文主要講的是大腦的執(zhí)行功能對(duì)做艱難選擇的影響。由此可知，A選項(xiàng)“艱難的抉擇”最能概括全文內(nèi)容。故選A項(xiàng)。第二節(jié)（共5小題；每小題2.5分，滿分12.5分）閱讀下面短文，從短文后的選項(xiàng)中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。選項(xiàng)中有兩項(xiàng)為多余選項(xiàng)。Youmayhavenoticedmanypeoplewearingasquareorrounddeviceontheirupperarmsthissummer.Thissmalldeviceiscalledcontinuousglucosemonitor(CGM）,intendedtohelppeoplewithdiabetes(糖尿病)keeptrackofandcontroltheirbloodsugarlevels.CGMsusedtobeavailableonlyonprescription(處方).____36____Theycanmonitorbloodsugarlevelsbywearingone.CGMshavetinysensorsthatareplacedjustundertheskin.Thesesensorsconstantlymonitorwearers’bloodsugarlevel.____37____Someofthemonitorsareevenconnectedtoinsulinpumps(胰島素泵)thatdotheworkautomatically.PuttingCGMsavailableonthemarketisanewthing.____38____Butthere’shopethatthemonitorswillbebeneficialfornondiabeticsaswell,includingpeopletakingmedicationsthatcanraisebloodsugar.Besides,manyhealthypeoplealsowanttochecktheirbloodsugarthewaytheychecktheirbloodpressure.____39____Whilethereisonlyonetypeofmonitoronthemarketnow,surelyotherswillfollow.However,there’snoevidencethathealthypeoplecanmakethebestuseofCGMforpeakhealth.Sincenormalbloodsugarchangesduringtheday,someonecouldmisreadatemporarilyloworhighreadingasdangerous.____40____A.Theresultissenttoauser’ssmartphone.B.Sothere’slittledatatoconfirmthebenefits.C.Atpresent,peoplecanbuyCGMsinanydrugstore.D.WithCGMs,patientscanexaminebloodsugarlevelsbythemselves.E.ManycompanieshavemotivationtopromoteCGMstothesepeople.F.DoctorshavelongfelthealthypeoplecouldalsobenefitfromCGMs.G.It’sbettertointerpretthemonitor’sinformationundertheguidanceofadoctor.【答案】36.C37.A38.B39.E40.G【解析】【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】本文是一篇說(shuō)明文。介紹了連續(xù)血糖監(jiān)測(cè)儀（CGM）的作用、使用方式、市場(chǎng)情況以及對(duì)于非糖尿病患者和健康人群的潛在影響?！?6題詳解】上文“Thissmalldeviceiscalledcontinuousglucosemonitor(CGM),intendedtohelppeoplewithdiabetes(糖尿?。﹌eeptrackofandcontroltheirbloodsugarlevels.CGMsusedtobeavailableonlyonprescription(處方).(這種小型設(shè)備被稱為連續(xù)血糖監(jiān)測(cè)儀（CGM），旨在幫助糖尿病患者跟蹤和控制血糖水平。)”提到連續(xù)血糖監(jiān)測(cè)儀以前只能憑處方購(gòu)買，C項(xiàng)（目前，人們可以在任何藥店買到CGM。）進(jìn)一步論述，說(shuō)明現(xiàn)在人們可以在任何藥店購(gòu)買CGM，并且C項(xiàng)中的Atpresent與上文的usedtobe形成對(duì)比。故選C?！?7題詳解】上文“CGMshavetinysensorsthatareplacedjustundertheskin.Thesesensorsconstantlymonitorwearers’bloodsugarlevel.(CGMs具有放置在皮膚下的微小傳感器。這些傳感器持續(xù)監(jiān)測(cè)佩戴者的血糖水平。)”提到CGM的傳感器不斷監(jiān)測(cè)佩戴者的血糖水平，A項(xiàng)（結(jié)果會(huì)發(fā)送到用戶的智能手機(jī)上）進(jìn)一步解釋CGM監(jiān)測(cè)到的血糖結(jié)果會(huì)直接發(fā)送到用戶的智能手機(jī)上，語(yǔ)義銜接緊密，且C項(xiàng)中的Theresult指代上文提到的血糖水平監(jiān)測(cè)結(jié)果。故選A?！?8題詳解】上文“PuttingCGMsavailableonthemarketisanewthing.(將CGM推向市場(chǎng)是一件新鮮事。)”提到把CGM投入市場(chǎng)是新鮮事，B項(xiàng)（所以幾乎沒(méi)有數(shù)據(jù)可以證實(shí)這些好處。）中的So表示因