高二英語考生注意：1.答題前，考生務(wù)必將自己的姓名、考生號填寫在試卷和答題卡上，并將考生號條形碼粘貼在答題卡上的指定位置。2.回答選擇題時，選出每小題答案后，用鉛筆把答題卡對應(yīng)題目的答案標號涂黑。如需改動，用橡皮擦干凈后，再選涂其他答案標號。回答非選擇題時，將答案寫在答題卡上。寫在本試卷上無效。3.考試結(jié)束后，將本試卷和答題卡一并交回。第一部分聽力(共兩節(jié)，滿分30分)做題時，先將答案標在試卷上。錄音內(nèi)容結(jié)束后，你將有2分鐘的時間將試卷上的答案轉(zhuǎn)涂到答題卡上。第一節(jié)(共5小題;每小題1.5分，滿分7.5分)聽下面5段對話。每段對話后有一個小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個選項中選出最佳選項。聽完每段對話后，你都有10秒鐘的時間來回答有關(guān)小題和閱讀下一小題。每段對話僅讀一遍。例:Howmuchistheshirt?A.￡19.15.B.￡9.18.C.￡9.15.答案是C.1.Whatdoesthewomanwanttodo?A.Givethepapertotheboss.B.Stopworkingonthepaper.C.Finishthepaperinthreehours.2.Howdoesthemancometothestore?A.Bycar.B.Onfoot.C.Bybike.3.WhatdoesthewomanfinddifficultwhenlearningEnglish?A.Vocabulary.B.Grammar.C.Pronunciation.4.Whatarethespeakerstalkingabout?A.Wildlifeprotection.B.ATVprogram.C.Sports.5.Whatdoesthewomanmean?A.SheloveslivinginNewYork.B.It’sconvenienttoliveinNewYork.C.NewYork’sweatherisbad.第二節(jié)(共15小題;每小題1.5分，滿分22.5分)聽下面5段對話或獨白。每段對話或獨白后有幾個小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個選項中選出最佳選項。聽每段對話或獨白前，你將有時間閱讀各個小題，每小題5秒鐘;聽完后，各小題給出5秒鐘的作答時間。每段對話或獨白讀兩遍。聽第6段材料，回答第6、7題。6.Whatdothespeakersagree?A.Folkmusicismorebeautifulthanrock.B.Heavymetalmakesalotofnoise.C.Therhythmofhiphopisgood.7.Whatarethespeakersgoingtodotonight?A.Talkmoreaboutmusic.B.Gotoaconcert.C.Listentosomerockmusic.聽第7段材料，回答第8至10題。8.Whatdoesthemanwanttobuy?A.Apairoftrousers.B.Ashirt.C.Adress.9.Whatcolourshirtdidthewomanbuy?A.Red.B.Black.C.White.10.Whereisthenewdepartmentstore?A.Behindabank.B.Oppositeabarber’s.C.Nearamarket.聽第8段材料，回答第11至13題。11.WhatistherelationshipbetweenthewomanandJack?A.Teacherandstudent.B.Schoolmates.C.Formercolleagues.12.Whatdoesthemanaskthewomantodo?A.InterviewJackSteverightnow.B.GivehimsomeinformationonJackSteve.C.PersuadeJackStevetoworkinhiscompany.13.WhatisJackSteve’sweakness?A.Heisnotcreative.B.Heforgetsthingssometimes.C.HelacksknowledgeabouttheInternet.聽第9段材料，回答第14至17題。14.Whatdidthemandoinhisearlyforties?A.Hehadhisfirstnovelpublished.B.Hebegantowritepoemsandstories.C.Hegaveupwriting.15.Howdidtheman’sfriendsfeelwhenheleftteaching?A.Happy.B.Understanding.C.Confused.16.Atwhattimedoesthemanusuallystartwork?A.About7:00a.m.B.About8:00a.m.C.About2:00p.m.17.Wheredoesthemanprefertogetinformationwhenwriting?A.Frombooks.B.Fromfriends.C.FromtheInternet.聽第10段材料，回答第18至20題。18.Howlonghavethespeakerandherhusbandbeenmarried?A.Forabout1.5years.B.Forabout2.5years.C.Forabout4years.19.WhydoesthespeakerdislikelivinginavillageinEngland?A.Shedoesn’thaveanyneighbors.B.Sheisnotusedtothequietlifethere.C.Shecan’tplayanysportsexcepttennis.20.Whatdoweknowaboutthespeaker?AShelikesgoingtothepub.BShewillmovetoLondon.C.ShewantstoreturntoSingapore.第二部分閱讀(共兩節(jié)，滿分50分)第一節(jié)(共15小題;每小題2.5分，滿分37.5分)閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C和D四個選項中，選出最佳選項，并在答題卡上將該項涂黑。ATherearemanyplacesworthvisitingintheworld.Herearesomeoftheplacesthatalmosteverypersonwantstoseeintheirlife.SantoriniThisisoneofthemostamazingplacesintheworld.Itissaidtohavebeendestroyedinthe16thcentury.Ithasbeenrebuiltanditsbeautyincreaseswitheverypassingday.TherearealotofislandsinGreeceandtimepermitting,sunbathingonanyofthesewouldbeanunforgettableexperience.TheCapilanoSuspensionBridgeAnamazingplacetovisitintheworldistheCapilanoSuspensionBridge.ThisbridgeislocatedinVancouverinBritishColumbia,aprovinceofCanada.It’salmost140meterslongand70metersabovetheriver.Surroundedbylushrainforest,itoffersvisitorsbreathtakingviewsofthecanyonandtheriverbelow.Thebridgesways(搖晃)gentlyinthewind,addinganexcitingelementtotheexperience.RomeAnotherbeautifulplacetovisitistheancientcityofRomeinItaly.ItisalsoknownasthecenterofWesterncivilization.Thiscitywasfoundedin753BC.TheColosseum,oneoftheworld’smosthistoricalsites,isalsoinRome.TheTajMahalItisalsoagoodchoicetovisittheTajMahalinIndia.Itiscalledthemonument(紀念碑)ofloveandbuilttoshowMughalEmperorShahJeha’sloveforhiswife.ItislocatedonthesouthbankoftheYamunaRiver.Itsivory-white(象牙白)colorisalsoattractiveanditisoneofthemiraclesoftheMughalartofbuilding.1.WhatcanvisitorsdoinSantorini?A.Enjoythemselvesinthesun. B.Witnessasymboloflove.C.Climbafamousbridge. D.PayavisittotheColosseum.2.WhatdoweknowabouttheTajMahalfromthetext?A.Itsroofismadeofivory.B.ItisaMughal-stylebuilding.C.ItwasbuiltbyMughalEmperorShahashisgrave.D.ItislocatedonthenorthbankoftheYamunaRiver.3.Whatdothesetouristdestinationshaveincommon?A.Theyareallnaturalwonders.B.Theyarethemostvisitedplacesintheworld.C.Theyareallknownfortheirancientbuildings.D.Theyeachhaveuniquefeaturesthatattracttourists.【答案】1.A2.B3.D【解析】【導(dǎo)語】這是一篇應(yīng)用文。世界上有許多值得參觀的地方，文章主要介紹了四個旅行目的地的情況。1題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)Santorini部分中“TherearealotofislandsinGreeceandtimepermitting,sunbathingonanyofthesewouldbeanunforgettableexperience.(希臘有很多島嶼，如果時間允許，在任何一個島上曬日光浴都將是一次難忘的經(jīng)歷)”可知，在Santorini游客在在陽光下可以盡情享受。故選A?！?題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)最后一段中“Itsivory-white(象牙白)colorisalsoattractiveanditisoneofthemiraclesoftheMughalartofbuilding.(它象牙白色的顏色吸引了許多游客，它是莫臥兒建筑藝術(shù)的奇跡之一)”可知，泰姬陵是一個典型的莫臥兒風(fēng)格的建筑。故選B?！?題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)Santorini部分中“Thisisoneofthemostamazingplacesintheworld.Itissaidtohavebeendestroyedinthe16thcentury.Ithasbeenrebuiltanditsbeautyincreaseswitheverypassingday.TherearealotofislandsinGreeceandtimepermitting,sunbathingonanyofthesewouldbeanunforgettableexperience.(這是世界上最令人驚嘆的地方之一。據(jù)說它在16世紀被摧毀。如今它已被重建，而且它的美麗與日俱增。希臘有很多島嶼，如果時間允許，在這些島嶼上享受日光浴將是一次難忘的經(jīng)歷)”、TheCapilanoSuspensionBridge部分中“Surroundedbylushrainforest,itoffersvisitorsbreathtakingviewsofthecanyonandtheriverbelow.Thebridgesways(搖晃)gentlyinthewind,addinganexcitingelementtotheexperience.(吊橋四周被茂密的雨林環(huán)繞，為游客提供了峽谷和下方河流的壯觀景色。吊橋在風(fēng)中輕輕搖曳，為這次體驗增添了刺激感)”、Rome部分中“ItisalsoknownasthecenterofWesterncivilization.Thiscitywasfoundedin753BC.TheColosseum,oneoftheworld’smosthistoricalsites,isalsoinRome.(它也被譽為西方文明的中心。這座城市始建于公元前753年。世界歷史上最著名的遺址之一——羅馬斗獸場也位于這里)”、TheTajMahal部分中“Itiscalledthemonument(紀念碑)ofloveandbuilttoshowMughalEmperorShahJeha’sloveforhiswife.ItislocatedonthesouthbankoftheYamunaRiver.Itsivory-white(象牙白)colorisalsoattractiveanditisoneofthemiraclesoftheMughalartofbuilding.(它被稱為愛情的紀念碑，是為了展現(xiàn)莫臥兒帝國皇帝沙賈汗對他妻子的愛而建造的。它位于亞穆納河南岸。它那象牙白的顏色同樣引人注目，是莫臥兒建筑藝術(shù)的奇跡之一)”可知，文章介紹了四個旅游勝地：圣托里尼、卡皮拉諾吊橋、羅馬和泰姬陵。每個地方都有其獨特的吸引力。圣托里尼以其美麗的島嶼和日光浴而聞名；卡皮拉諾吊橋以其驚險刺激的體驗和壯麗的自然風(fēng)光而吸引游客；羅馬作為西方文明的中心，擁有悠久的歷史和建筑；泰姬陵則是愛情的象征和莫臥兒建筑藝術(shù)的奇跡。因此，這些旅游勝地的共同點是它們各自都有獨特的特色吸引游客。故選D。BPeopleusuallywashtheirproducebeforeeatingtoremovesomeremainsfrompesticides(農(nóng)藥).Butareyourfruitsandvegetablesreallycleanenoughtoeat?Now14-year-oldSirishSubashfromGeorgiahaswonthe20243MYoungScientistChallengefordevelopinganAI-basedhandheldtoolthatisveryaccurateinfindingpesticideresidues(殘留物).TheninthgraderattheGwinnettSchoolofMathematics,Science,andTechnologyinSnellvillehasreceivedthetitle“America’sTopYoungScientist”,accordingtoapressreleasefromthe3MCompany.Nowinits17thyear,thechallengesupportsmiddleschoolstudentstothinkcreativelyandapplySTEMprinciplestodiscoverreal-worldsolutions.Whenthefinalistswerechosen,theywerepairedwitha3Mscientistwhoguidedthemoverthesummertohelptransformtheirideasfromjustconceptsintomodels.Sirishspentfourmonthscompetingagainstnineotherfinalistsandsecuredhiswinatthefinalchallengeeventsat3M’sglobalheadquartersinSt.Paul,Minnesota.Sirish’sjourneytowinningtheawardcamefromwatchinghismotherwashvegetablesandfruitseverydayandcautionhimtoalwaysdoso.Hewonderedwhetherwashingactuallymadeadifference.Since70percentofproduceintheUShaspestioideresiduesthatarelinkedtoillnesseslikecancerandAlzheimer’s,it’sveryimportanttoknowifthefruitsandvegetablesaresafetoeat.That’swhatPestiSCANDisdesignedtodo.Thedeviceworksbyshininglightonthesurfaceoftheproduceandmeasuringthewavelengthsthatbounceback.Sirishhastestedthedeviceonmorethan12,000foodsamplesincludingstrawberries,apples,andtomatoes.PestiSCANDusesasensorandanAI-basedprocessortoachieveanaccuracyofover85percent.Sirishaimsatmakingthistechnologywidelyaccessiblesothatconsumerswillbeabletomakesafefoodchoices.Buthestillbelievespeopleshouldwashtheirproduceanyway.Heplanstousethe$25,000prizefromthecompetitiontohelpfundhiseducationalgoalofattendingMIT.4.WhywasSirishawarded“America’sTopYoungScientist”?A.Hedevelopedanewkindofpesticide. B.Heinventedasmartpesticidedetector.C.HeimprovedanAI-basedhandheldtool. D.Hefoundawaytoremovepesticideresidues.5.WhatinspiredSirishtomakehisachievement?A.HisinterestintheapplicationofAItechnology. B.Histeacher’sguidanceonscientificresearch.C.Hisfamily’sdailyroutine. D.Hisambitiontowinacompetition.6.WhichofthefollowingcanbestdescribeSirish?A.Curiousandcreative. B.Cleverandcourageous.C.Confidentandknowledgeable. D.Devotedandresponsible.7.Whatdoesthetextwanttotellus?A.Actionsspeaklouderthanwords. B.Agoodbeginningishalfdone.C.Achievementsarenotaboutage. D.Manyhandsmakelightwork.【答案】4.B5.C6.A7.C【解析】【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇新聞報道。文章主要講述了14歲的SirishSubash發(fā)明了一種基于人工智能的手持工具，用于準確檢測農(nóng)藥殘留，并因此獲得了“美國頂尖年輕科學(xué)家”的稱號?！?題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段的“Now14-year-oldSirishSubashfromGeorgiahaswonthe20243MYoungScientistChallengefordevelopinganAI-basedhandheldtoolthatisveryaccurateinfindingpesticideresidues(殘留物).(現(xiàn)在，來自佐治亞州的14歲的SirishSubash贏得了2024年3M青年科學(xué)家挑戰(zhàn)賽，該挑戰(zhàn)賽開發(fā)了一種基于人工智能的手持工具，該工具在尋找農(nóng)藥殘留方面非常準確)”可知，Sirish因為發(fā)明了一種基于人工智能的手持工具，能夠非常準確地檢測農(nóng)藥殘留，而獲得了“美國頂尖年輕科學(xué)家”的稱號。故選B?！?題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第四段的“Sirish’sjourneytowinningtheawardcamefromwatchinghismotherwashvegetablesandfruitseverydayandcautionhimtoalwaysdoso.(Sirish獲得該獎項的旅程來自于看著他的母親每天洗蔬菜和水果，并提醒他要經(jīng)常這樣做)”可知，Sirish的成就靈感來自于他每天看到母親洗蔬菜和水果，并告誡他也要這樣做。因此，他的家庭日常習(xí)慣激發(fā)了他的靈感。故選C?！?題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第四段的“Hewonderedwhetherwashingactuallymadeadifference.(他好奇清洗是否真的有所作用)”可知，Sirish對清洗是否真的有用感到好奇，這表明他具有好奇心；根據(jù)第一段的“Now14-year-oldSirishSubashfromGeorgiahaswonthe20243MYoungScientistChallengefordevelopinganAI-basedhandheldtoolthatisveryaccurateinfindingpesticideresidues(殘留物).(現(xiàn)在，來自佐治亞州的14歲的SirishSubash贏得了2024年3M青年科學(xué)家挑戰(zhàn)賽，該挑戰(zhàn)賽開發(fā)了一種基于人工智能的手持工具，該工具在尋找農(nóng)藥殘留方面非常準確)”可知，Sirish發(fā)明了一種基于人工智能的手持工具來檢測農(nóng)藥殘留，這表明他具有創(chuàng)造力。由此可推知，Sirish是一個具有好奇心且有創(chuàng)造力的人。故選A?！?題詳解】推理判斷題。通讀全文，特別是根據(jù)第一段的“Now14-year-oldSirishSubashfromGeorgiahaswonthe20243MYoungScientistChallengefordevelopinganAI-basedhandheldtoolthatisveryaccurateinfindingpesticideresidues(殘留物).(現(xiàn)在，來自佐治亞州的14歲的SirishSubash贏得了2024年3M青年科學(xué)家挑戰(zhàn)賽，該挑戰(zhàn)賽開發(fā)了一種基于人工智能的手持工具，該工具在尋找農(nóng)藥殘留方面非常準確)”可知，文章主要講述了14歲的SirishSubash因為發(fā)明了一種基于人工智能的手持工具來檢測農(nóng)藥殘留而獲得了獎項，所以文章想要告訴讀者“成就與年齡無關(guān)”。故選C。CThisweekSurgeonGeneralVivekH.Murthyreleasedawarningabouttherisksthatsocialmediapresentstothementalhealthofchildrenandteenagers.Adolescent(青少年的)mentalhealthhasbeendecliningforyears,andanincreasingamountofresearchsuggeststhatsocialmediaplatformscouldbepartiallytoblame.Butexpertscontinuetodebatejusthowmuchimpacttheyhave.Numerousstudiesdemonstratethatadolescentratesofdepression,anxietyandlonelinesshaveskyrocketedintheU.S.andelsewheresincearoundthetimethatsmartphonesandsocialmediabecameever-present.Yettherolesocialmediaplayshasbeenwidelydebated.Someresearchershavesoundedthealarm,arguingthatsocialmediaprovidesthemostcredibleexplanationforproblemssuchasenhancedteenloneliness.Otherresearchershavebeensittingonthefence.In2019,JeffHanceck,foundingdirectoroftheSocialMediaLabatStanfordUniversity,andhiscolleaguescompletedananalysisof226scientificpapersdatingbackto2006.Theyconcludedthatsocialmediawasassociatedwithnotonlyaslightincreaseindepressionandanxietybutalsoimprovementsinfeelingsofbelongingandconnectedness.Somerecentstudieshaveattemptedtofigureoutthelinkbetweensocialmediaandmentalhealth,asking,forinstance,whethersocialmediauseiscausingdepressionorwhetherpeoplearebeingmoreactiveonsocialmediabecausethey’redepressed.Inanattempttopresentevidence,MassachusettsInstituteofTechnologyeconomistAlexeyMakarinandtwoofhiscolleaguesconductedmentalhealthsurveystakenbycollegestudentsacrossthecountry.Theirstudy,publishedin2022,foundthatrocketingratesofdepressionandanxietyfollowedFacebook’sarrival.Makarinsaysmuchoftheharmtheydocumentedcamefromsocialcomparisons:studentsviewedtheonlineimagesoftheirpeersandbelievedthemto“havenicerlives,partymoreoften,havemorefriendsandlookbetter.”“Intotal,there’sanincreasinglyclearpicturethat,indeed,socialmediahasanegativeimpactonmentalhealth,”Makarinsays.“Wearenotsayingthatsocialmediacanexplain100percentoftheriseofmentalhealthissues...Butitcouldpotentiallyexplainasizeableportion.”8.Whatcanbelearntaboutsocialmedia?AItplaysanimportantroleintreatingmentalillness.B.Itistheleadingcauseofadolescentdepression.C.Ithasnegativeinfluenceonadolescentmentalhealth.D.Itsimpactonmentalhealthisstillunknown.9.WhatisJeffHancock’sattitudetowardssocialmedia?A.Objective. B.Critical. C.Favorable. D.Uncaring.10.HowdoessocialmediainfluenceteenagersaccordingtoMakarin?A.Bythreateningtheiracademicperformance.B.Bycausingthemtobeaddictedtoonlineimages.C.Bymakingthemfeelworse-offthanothers.D.Byremindingthemtobalancetheirlife.11.Whatisthemainpurposeofthetext?A.Towarmpeopleoftheharmofusingsocialmediafrequently.B.Toexposethelinkbetweensocialmediaandmentalhealth.C.Toanalyzethecausesofworseningadolescentmentalhealth.D.Tointroduceaneffectiveapproachtohandlingmentalillness.【答案】8.C9.A10.C11.B【解析】【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇新聞報道。文章主要報道了美國衛(wèi)生局局長VivekH.Murthy關(guān)于社交媒體對兒童和青少年心理健康風(fēng)險的警告，并介紹了相關(guān)研究、爭議以及專家觀點等?！?題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第一段“ThisweekSurgeonGeneralVivekH.Murthyreleasedawarningabouttherisksthatsocialmediapresentstothementalhealthofchildrenandteenagers.(本周，美國衛(wèi)生局局長VivekH.Murthy發(fā)布了一則關(guān)于社交媒體對兒童和青少年心理健康構(gòu)成風(fēng)險的警告。)”以及最后一段““Intotal,there’sanincreasinglyclearpicturethat,indeed,socialmediahasanegativeimpactonmentalhealth,”Makarinsays.(Makarin說：“總體而言，有越來越清晰的跡象表明，社交媒體確實對心理健康產(chǎn)生了負面影響?！?”可知，社交媒體對青少年心理健康有負面影響。故選C?！?題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章第三段“Otherresearchershavebeensittingonthefence.In2019,JeffHanceck,foundingdirectoroftheSocialMediaLabatStanfordUniversity,andhiscolleaguescompletedananalysisof226scientificpapersdatingbackto2006.Theyconcludedthatsocialmediawasassociatedwithnotonlyaslightincreaseindepressionandanxietybutalsoimprovementsinfeelingsofbelongingandconnectedness.(而另一些研究人員則持中立態(tài)度。2019年，斯坦福大學(xué)社交媒體實驗室的創(chuàng)始主任JeffHanceck及其同事對226篇可追溯到2006年的科學(xué)論文進行了分析。他們得出的結(jié)論是，社交媒體不僅與抑郁癥和焦慮癥的輕微增加有關(guān)，還能提升歸屬感和聯(lián)系感。)”可知，JeffHanceck既指出了社交媒體會使抑郁癥和焦慮癥有輕微增加，又提到它能提升歸屬感和聯(lián)系感，全面地看到了社交媒體的利弊，這種態(tài)度是客觀的。故選A?！?0題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章第四段“Makarinsaysmuchoftheharmtheydocumentedcamefromsocialcomparisons:studentsviewedtheonlineimagesoftheirpeersandbelievedthemto“havenicerlives,partymoreoften,havemorefriendsandlookbetter.”(Makarin表示，他們記錄的大部分危害來自于社交比較：學(xué)生們看到同齡人在網(wǎng)上發(fā)布的照片，就認為他們“生活更美好、聚會更頻繁、朋友更多、外表更出眾”。)”可知，Makarin認為社交媒體帶來的很多危害來自社交比較，學(xué)生看到同齡人在網(wǎng)上的照片，會覺得他們生活更美好、聚會更頻繁、朋友更多、外表更出眾，從而會覺得自己不如別人，感覺更糟糕。故選C?！?1題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章內(nèi)容可知，文章開篇指出衛(wèi)生局局長發(fā)布社交媒體對兒童和青少年心理健康構(gòu)成風(fēng)險的警告，接著闡述了青少年心理健康下降的情況以及社交媒體可能負有部分責(zé)任，然后說明專家對社交媒體影響程度存在爭論，還列舉了不同研究來探究社交媒體與心理健康的聯(lián)系，所以文章的主要目的是揭示社交媒體與心理健康之間的聯(lián)系。故選B。DTheAuroraBorealis,alsoknownastheNorthernLights,isanaturalphenomenonthathasfascinatedhumansforcenturies.Thesecolorfuldisplaysinthenightskyareprimarilyvisibleinthepolarregions,particularlyincountrieslikeNorway,Canada,andIceland.Thelightsarecausedbysolarparticles(粒子)interactingwiththeEarth’smagnetic(磁的)fieldandatmosphere.WhenchargedparticlesfromthesuncrashwithgasesintheEarth’satmosphere,theyreleaseenergyintheformoflight.Thisprocessisknownasionization.ThecolorsoftheAuroraBorealiscanvarygreatly.Greenisthemostcommoncolor,producedwhensolarparticlesinteractwithO?atloweraltitudes(海拔).RedaurorasarerarerandoccurwhenparticlesinteractwithO?atmuchhigheraltitudes.BlueandpurpleaurorasareevenrarerandarecausedbyinteractionswithN2.ScientistshavebeenstudyingtheAuroraBorealisformanyyearstounderstanditscausesandeffects.Oneinterestingfindingisthattheaurorascanaffectradiocommunicationsandpowersupply.Duringstrongsolarstorms,theincreasedactivityofsolarparticlescancausedisruptionsinthesesystems.Thisisbecausetheelectromagneticfieldscreatedbytheaurorascandisturbthesignalsusedbythesetechnologies.Despitethepotentialfordisturbance,thebeautyoftheAuroraBorealiscontinuestoattracttouristsfromaroundtheworld.Manypeopletraveltoremotelocationsinthepolarregionstowitnessthisnaturalwonder.Somecompaniesevenofferspecialtoursandpackagesforauroraviewing.Thesetoursoftenincludeactivitieslikedogsleddingandsnowmobiling.TheexperienceofseeingtheNorthernLightsisoftendescribedasmagicalandunforgettable.However,predictingtheexacttimingandlocationoftheAuroraBorealisremainsachallenge.Scientistsusedatafromsatellitesandground-basedobservatoriestomonitorsolaractivityandmakepredictions.Buttheaurorasarestillsomewhatunpredictable,whichaddstotheirmysteryandallure.12.WhatcausesthedifferentcolorsoftheAuroraBorealis?A.Thestrengthofsolarstorms.B.Thedifferentspeedsofsolarparticles.C.Thesubstancesthatreactandtheirlocations.D.ThechangesintheEarth’smagneticfieldstrength.13.WhatcanbeinferredabouttheAuroraBorealis?A.Itpromotesthedevelopmentofmoderntechnology.B.Itbringschallengestothetechnologicalsystems.C.Ithasasignificantimpactonclimatechange.D.Itimprovestheaccuracyofsatellitesignals.14.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“allure”inthelastparagraphprobablymean?A.Threat. B.Frequency. C.Complexity. D.Attraction.15.Whatisthebesttitleforthetext?A.TheImpactoftheNorthernLightsB.TheScienceandWonderoftheNorthernLightsC.TheReasonsforPeople’sPassionfortheAuroraBorealisD.TheChallengesandMethodstoPredicttheAuroraBorealis【答案】12.C13.B14.D15.B【解析】【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇說明文。文章主要介紹了北極光的成因、顏色變化的原因、對現(xiàn)代技術(shù)的影響，以及其吸引游客的魅力?！?2題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段“Greenisthemostcommoncolor,producedwhensolarparticlesinteractwithO?atloweraltitudes(海拔).RedaurorasarerarerandoccurwhenparticlesinteractwithO?atmuchhigheraltitudes.BlueandpurpleaurorasareevenrarerandarecausedbyinteractionswithN?.(綠色是極光中最常見的顏色，當太陽粒子與較低海拔的氧氣相互作用時產(chǎn)生。紅色極光較為罕見，發(fā)生在太陽粒子與較高海拔的氧氣相互作用時。藍色和紫色極光更為少見，是由太陽粒子與氮氣相互作用引起的)”可知，極光的不同顏色是由與太陽粒子發(fā)生反應(yīng)的物質(zhì)及其所在位置決定的。故選C?！?3題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第三段中“Oneinterestingfindingisthattheaurorascanaffectradiocommunicationsandpowersupply.Duringstrongsolarstorms,theincreasedactivityofsolarparticlescancausedisruptionsinthesesystems.Thisisbecausetheelectromagneticfieldscreatedbytheaurorascandisturbthesignalsusedbythesetechnologies.(一個有趣的發(fā)現(xiàn)是，極光會影響無線電通信和電力供應(yīng)。在強烈的太陽風(fēng)暴期間，太陽粒子活動的增強可能會導(dǎo)致這些系統(tǒng)出現(xiàn)中斷。這是因為極光產(chǎn)生的電磁場會干擾這些技術(shù)所使用的信號)”可知，極光會影響無線電通信和電力供應(yīng)，在強烈的太陽風(fēng)暴期間，太陽粒子活動增加會導(dǎo)致這些系統(tǒng)出現(xiàn)故障，這說明極光給技術(shù)系統(tǒng)帶來了挑戰(zhàn)。故選B?！?4題詳解】詞句猜測題。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二段中“Despitethepotentialfordisturbance,thebeautyoftheAuroraBorealiscontinuestoattracttouristsfromaroundtheworld.(盡管可能存在干擾，北極光的美麗依然繼續(xù)吸引著來自世界各地的游客)”以及劃線詞所在句子“Buttheaurorasarestillsomewhatunpredictable,whichaddstotheirmysteryandallure.(但是，極光仍然在一定程度上難以預(yù)測，這增加了它們的神秘感和allure)”可知，盡管極光有造成干擾的可能性且難以預(yù)測，但它的美麗仍吸引著世界各地的游客，這種不可預(yù)測性增加了它的神秘和吸引力。所以“allure”意思是“吸引力”，與“attraction”同義。故選D。【15題詳解】主旨大意題。文章前兩段介紹了極光的形成原因和不同顏色的成因，這屬于極光的科學(xué)知識；后面幾段提到極光對技術(shù)系統(tǒng)的影響、吸引游客以及難以預(yù)測等內(nèi)容，體現(xiàn)了極光的奇妙之處。所以文章主要圍繞極光的科學(xué)原理和奇妙之處展開。B選項“TheScienceandWonderoftheNorthernLights(北極光的科學(xué)與奇妙)”能準確概括文章內(nèi)容，是文章的最佳標題。故選B。第二節(jié)(共5小題;每小題2.5分，滿分12.5分)根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，從短文后的選項中選出能填入空白處的最佳選項，并在答題卡上將該項涂黑。選項中有兩項為多余選項。Whenwasthelasttimeyouhadtomemorizeaphonenumber?Thechancesarethatithasbeenyears,giventhatyoucansimplyuseyourdigitaldevicestomemorizethatnumberforyou.Inaworldofdigitalinformation,anewphenomenon“digitalamnesia”,whichreferstothelossofourbrains’abilitytorememberinformationaswebecomedependentontechnologytogetdata,isstartingtospreadacrossthecountry.___16___.Establishascreen-freedayStartchoosingonedayoftheweektoputawayyourdigitaldevices.Ifyouneedsomethingtowakeyouup,avoidusingyourphone,asit’lllikelystimulateyoutocheckyourmessagesbeforeyou’reevensteppingoutofbed.___17___.____18____Insteadofdependingonyourphone,setouttodesignareliableworkoutplan,whichusesprintedinstructionstotrainyourmemory.Thereareseveraltechniquesyoucanuse,butwhicheveronesyouchoose,physicalpaperisthekey.Itallowsyoutoexerciseyourbraintofindtheanswerwithinthepagesthemselves,ratherthanturningtoyourphoneforhelp.SimplifyyourdigitallifeThereisnodenyingthatdigitaldeviceshavemadeourlivesextremelyconvenient.___19___.Althoughwecantrytoavoidusingdigitaldevices,itisundeniablethatwewillneedthemforcertaintasks.Simplifyingyourdigitallifecanhelpaddressdigitalamnesia.Removingwhatisnotnecessarycanhelpyoubelessdependentonyourdevices.____20____.Itcanbeaveryeffectivetool,butitsusefulness,oruselessness,entirelydependsonyourattitude.Youhavetolearnhowtouseitcorrectlysothatitdoesn’ttakeover.A.ExerciseyourmemoryB.SticktoapracticalplanC.Luckily,therearewaysyoucantaketodealwithitD.ItcanhelpyouimproveworkefficiencyandgetorganizedE.Bynotstaringatyourdevices,you’llgiveyourbrainabreakF.However,theycanbeharmfultoourmentalhealthandproductivityG.Despitetheso-calleddigitalamnesia,technologydoeshaveitsplaceinourlives【答案】16.C17.E18.A19.F20.G【解析】【導(dǎo)語】這是一篇說明文。文章主要討論了數(shù)字時代出現(xiàn)的新現(xiàn)象——“數(shù)字健忘癥”，即隨著人們越來越依賴技術(shù)獲取信息，大腦記憶信息的能力逐漸喪失，并提出了一些應(yīng)對方法?！?6題詳解】根據(jù)上文“Whenwasthelasttimeyouhadtomemorizeaphonenumber?Thechancesarethatithasbeenyears,giventhatyoucansimplyuseyourdigitaldevicestomemorizethatnumberforyou.Inaworldofdigitalinformation,anewphenomenon“digitalamnesia”,whichreferstothelossofourbrains’abilitytorememberinformationaswebecomedependentontechnologytogetdata,isstartingtospreadacrossthecountry.(你上一次記電話號碼是什么時候？考慮到你可以簡單地用你的數(shù)字設(shè)備來記住你的數(shù)字，很可能已經(jīng)好幾年了。在一個數(shù)字信息的世界里，一種新現(xiàn)象'數(shù)字健忘癥”開始在全國蔓延?！皵?shù)字健忘癥”指的是我們的大腦由于依賴技術(shù)來獲取數(shù)據(jù)而喪失了記憶信息的能力)”可知，上文提出‘數(shù)字健忘癥’的問題，后文給出具體的方法，本句承上啟下，既提到數(shù)字健忘癥的問題，又引出下文將要討論的解決方法。故C選項“幸運的是，你可以采取一些方法來處理它”符合語境，故選C?！?7題詳解】根據(jù)上文“Startchoosingonedayoftheweektoputawayyourdigitaldevices.Ifyouneedsomethingtowakeyouup,avoidusingyourphone,asit’lllikelystimulateyoutocheckyourmessagesbeforeyou’reevensteppingoutofbed.(開始選擇一周中的一天來放下你的電子設(shè)備。如果你需要一些東西來喚醒你，那就不要用手機，因為它可能會刺激你在起床之前查看信息)”可知，空前提到了在這個日子里要避免使用手機等數(shù)字設(shè)備，以免在起床前就受到信息的干擾。E選項“不要盯著電子設(shè)備看，你的大腦會得到休息”承接上文，繼續(xù)說明設(shè)立無屏幕日的好處，符合語境，故選E。【18題詳解】此空為小標題；根據(jù)本段內(nèi)容“Insteadofdependingonyourphone,setouttodesignareliableworkoutplan,whichusesprintedinstructionstotrainyourmemory.Thereareseveraltechniquesyoucanuse,butwhicheveronesyouchoose,physicalpaperisthekey.Itallowsyoutoexerciseyourbraintofindtheanswerwithinthepagesthemselves,ratherthanturningtoyourphoneforhelp.(與其依賴你的手機，不如著手設(shè)計一個可靠的鍛煉計劃，使用打印的說明來訓(xùn)練你的記憶力。你可以使用幾種技巧，但無論你選擇哪一種，實體紙都是關(guān)鍵。它可以鍛煉你的大腦在書頁中找到答案，而不是求助于你的手機)”可知，本段主要講的是不要依賴手機，而是要通過制定可靠的鍛煉計劃來訓(xùn)練記憶力，使用紙質(zhì)指令來鍛煉大腦在頁面中尋找答案的能力。故A選項“鍛煉記憶力”能夠概括本段主旨，故選A?！?9題詳解】根據(jù)上文“Thereisnodenyingthatdigitaldeviceshavemadeourlivesextremelyconvenient.(不可否認，數(shù)字設(shè)備使我們的生活非常方便)”以及后文“Althoughwecantrytoavoidusingdigitaldevices,itisundeniablethatwewillneedthemforcertaintasks.(雖然我們可以盡量避免使用數(shù)字設(shè)備，但不可否認的是，我們將需要它們來完成某些任務(wù))”可知，第四段先承認數(shù)字設(shè)備的便利，后需轉(zhuǎn)折指出其負面影響。選項F通過“however”引出矛盾，銜接后文“簡化數(shù)字生活”的必要性。故F選項“然而，它們可能對我們的心理健康和工作效率有害”符合語境，故選F?！?0題詳解】根據(jù)后文“Itcanbeaveryeffectivetool,butitsusefulness,oruselessness,entirelydependsonyourattitude.Youhavetolearnhowtouseitcorrectlysothatitdoesn’ttakeover.(它可以是一個非常有效的工具，但它的有用或無用，完全取決于你的態(tài)度。你必須學(xué)會如何正確地使用它，這樣它才不會占上風(fēng))”可知，本句承上啟下，既提到技術(shù)的存在性，又引出下文關(guān)于正確使用技術(shù)的討論。故G選項“盡管有所謂的‘數(shù)字健忘癥’，但科技確實在我們的生活中占有一席之地”符合語境，故選G。第三部分語言運用(共兩節(jié)，滿分30分)第一節(jié)(共15小題;每小題1分，滿分15分)閱讀下面短文，從短文后各題所給的A、B、C和D四個選項中，選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項，并在答題卡上將該項涂黑。Asajournalist,IwassoexcitedtocoveranewadventuretoQomolangma.Yetthingsdidn’tturnoutthewayIwanted—OnceIgotoffthevehicleatthebasecamp,Iwas___21___bydizziness(眩暈)andshortnessofbreath—___22___ofmountainsickness.Eventheactoftakingafewstepsdemandedanextraordinaryamountof___23___.Atthatmoment,aquestion___24___withinme:WhydopeoplekeepclimbingMountQomolangma?Whenaskedthisquestion,BritishmountaineerGeorgeMallorygavehisfamous___25___:Becauseit’sthere.Malloryremindsmeofcountlessclimberswhohaveputtheirlivesatriskto___26___themountain’stoweringheightwiththeirownfootsteps.They___27___analmostvertical(垂直的)wallclosetothetop.Itissodifficulttofind___28___pointsforclimbingthattheearliestclimbersthoughtnoonecouldgetpastthewall.In1960,LiuLianman,aChineseclimber,___29___tolethisteammatessteponhisshoulderstocrossthewall.Already____30____,hegatheredallhisstrengthtouplifthisteammates.Thoughhis_____31_____didnotappearonthelistofthosewhoreachedthetop,Liuisundoubtedlyatrue_____32_____.IrecalledtheinterviewwithDongHongjuan,thefirstwomantoconquer(征服)14mountainsabove8,000meters,who_____33_____understandshowsmallhumansarecomparedto_____34_____.S