高級(jí)中學(xué)名校試卷PAGEPAGE1廣東省茂名市2025屆高三第一次模擬考試英語(yǔ)試題第二部分閱讀（共兩節(jié)，滿分50分）第一節(jié)（共15小題；每小題2.5分，滿分37.5分）閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C和D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中，選出最佳選項(xiàng)。AIfyoudislikecoldweather,don’tworry.Herearesomerecommendeddestinations.MexicoMexicoisagreatdestinationforwintersun.TheYucatanPeninsulaisknownforitsbeautifulbeaches,ancientMayanruins,thrillingactivities,amazingcuisine,andbiodiversitythatyouhavetoseewithyourowneyes.SouthAfricaSouthAfricaisanothergreatwinterescape,especiallyifyou’reopentoenduringalongerflightawayfromhome.TheWesternCape,inparticular,isknownforitsbeautifulbeachesandmildtemperatures.PortugalThiscountryhassomuchtooffertravelersinthecoldermonths,frombeautifulmountainrangestosunnydaysonthebeach.EnjoyawalkthroughoneofmanypicturesquevillageslikeLisbon,Cintra,orPorto,orexploreoneofthemanynationalparksforsomeoutdooradventures.Withitslongstretchesofcoastandroughland,Portugalisanidealdestinationforthoseseekingoutdooractivitiessuchashikingandmountainbiking.ChileForgetthetraditionalsnowyscenes;Chileoffersawinterthat’sasdiverseasitslandscapes.Whileeveryoneelseyouknowiswrappedupinthickclothes,youcouldbeenjoyingasweetChileansummer.DecembertoMarchissummerintheSouthernHemisphere(半球),andChileisbathinginsunshine!1.WhatmakestheWesternCapeagoodwinterescape?A.Itslongflightdistance. B.Itsbeachesandtemperatures.C.Itscuisineandbiodiversity. D.Itsmountainrangesandsunnydays.2.Whatdothefourdestinationshaveincommon?A.Theyallhaveextremelyhotweatherinwinter.B.Theyareallwell-knownfortheirancientruins.C.Theyallofferrelativelywarmclimateinwinter.D.TheyarealllocatedintheSouthernHemisphere.3.Whereisthistextprobablytakenfrom?A.Ahistorybook. B.Abusinessreport.C.Atravelmagazine. D.Aresearchpaper.【答案】1.B2.C3.C【語(yǔ)篇解讀】本文是一篇應(yīng)用文。文章推薦了四個(gè)適合冬季避寒的旅游目的地，分別介紹了墨西哥、南非、葡萄牙和智利的冬季特色與景點(diǎn)?！?題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)SouthAfrica部分的“SouthAfricaisanothergreatwinterescape,especiallyifyou’reopentoenduringalongerflightawayfromhome.TheWesternCape,inparticular,isknownforitsbeautifulbeachesandmildtemperatures.(南非是另一個(gè)冬季逃避寒冷的好去處，尤其是如果你不介意忍受較長(zhǎng)的飛行時(shí)間離開家。特別是西開普省，以其美麗的海灘和溫和的溫度而聞名)”可知，西開普省的優(yōu)勢(shì)在于美麗的海灘和溫和的氣候，故選B項(xiàng)?！?題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)Mexico部分的“Mexicoisagreatdestinationforwintersun.(墨西哥是冬季陽(yáng)光旅行的絕佳目的地)”、SouthAfrica部分的“SouthAfricaisanothergreatwinterescape,especiallyifyou’reopentoenduringalongerflightawayfromhome.TheWesternCape,inparticular,isknownforitsbeautifulbeachesandmildtemperatures(南非是另一個(gè)冬季逃避寒冷的好去處，尤其是如果你不介意忍受較長(zhǎng)的飛行時(shí)間離開家。特別是西開普省，以其美麗的海灘和溫和的溫度而聞名)”、Portugal部分“Thiscountryhassomuchtooffertravelersinthecoldermonths,frombeautifulmountainrangestosunnydaysonthebeach(在寒冷的月份，這個(gè)國(guó)家（葡萄牙）為旅行者提供了豐富的選擇，從美麗的山脈到陽(yáng)光明媚的海灘)”以及Chile部分的“DecembertoMarchissummerintheSouthernHemisphere(半球),andChileisbathinginsunshine!(在南半球，12月到3月是夏季，而智利正沐浴在陽(yáng)光下)”可知，四個(gè)目的地都是本文推薦的冬季旅行的目的地，且氣候溫暖。故選C項(xiàng)。【3題詳析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第一段“Ifyoudislikecoldweather,don’tworry.Herearesomerecommendeddestinations.(如果你不喜歡寒冷的天氣，別擔(dān)心。這里有一些推薦的目的地)”以及“Mexico”部分的“Mexicoisagreatdestinationforwintersun(墨西哥是冬季陽(yáng)光旅行的絕佳目的地)”、“SouthAfrica”部分的“SouthAfricaisanothergreatwinterescape,especiallyifyou’reopentoenduringalongerflightawayfromhome.TheWesternCape,inparticular,isknownforitsbeautifulbeachesandmildtemperatures(南非是另一個(gè)冬季逃避寒冷的好去處，尤其是如果你不介意忍受較長(zhǎng)的飛行時(shí)間離開家。特別是西開普省，以其美麗的海灘和溫和的溫度而聞名)”等，可知文章圍繞冬季旅游目的地推薦展開，包含景點(diǎn)特色、氣候等信息，主要介紹了四個(gè)適合冬季前往的旅游目的地及其特色，所以很可能出自旅游雜志，故選C項(xiàng)。BIwasbornmissingmylefthand,yetIlearnedtoadapt.Oneofmyearliestmemoriesismyfathertryingtoteachmetotiemyshoes.Igentlypushedhimasideandfiguredoutawaytodoitwithonehand.Myparentstriedtomakemefeelordinary,buttherealitywasinescapable.WhenIwas13,anagewhenkidsarealreadyveryself-conscious,Irememberedgettingonthebusandoneoftheotherkidsstaredjustalittletoolongatmyleftarm.Ifeltasuddenurgetohidemyhand.Ihaddecidedthatifpeopleknewaboutmymissinghand,theywouldnotwanttobearoundmeanymore.Makingfriendswaschallengingenough,butfindinglovewasparticularlydiscouraging.AsIstarteddating,Imadeeffortstohidemydifference.Eventuallywe’dreachapointintherelationshipwhereIknewIhadtotellthetruth.I’dthinkoverthe“bigreveal”andbuilditupinmymindfordays.WhenIhadgatheredthecourage,Iletoutmysecretoverthephoneandhungupinapanic.EvenwhenIreceivedacall,Icouldn’tfacediscussingit,relyingontheansweringmachine.EveryoneIsharedthiswith—friend,co-workerorboyfriend—saidkindthingslike,“Youshouldn’thideit.”or“It’snobigdeal.”Buttheirwordsdidn’tmattertome.TheonlywordsthatreallymatteredweretheonesIwastellingmyself,thatstoryofhowIwasunworthyoflove.At28,tiredofhiding,Imetsomeonespecial.Forthefirsttime,Iallowedsomeonetoreallyhold,lookat,takepicturesof,touchandlovemylimb—loveme.Thatrelationshipendedaftertenyears,butIkepttheself-loveandcompassionIlearnedfromit.Fromthatpointon,Isawmydifferenceassomethinguniqueandbeautifulaboutme,somethingthatshouldbeshown,nothidden.4.Howdidtheauthortiehershoes?A.Byexpectingquicksuccess. B.Byescapingfromtyingtries.C.Byfindingherownmethod. D.Bybenefitingfromfather’said.5.Howdidtheauthorfeelaftersharingherdifference?A.Relieved. B.Unmoved. C.Unclear. D.Delighted.6.What’stheauthorlikeaftertheten-yearrelationshipended?A.Shehadapositiveattitude. B.Shehidherdifferenceagain.C.Shebecamemoredependent. D.Shestoppedmakingfriends.7.Whichisthebesttitleforthetext?A.DealingwithSelf-Consciousness B.TheRoleofCourageinLifeC.OvercomingSocialPrejudice D.TheAcceptanceofUniqueness【答案】4.C5.B6.A7.D【語(yǔ)篇解讀】本文是一篇記敘文。文章講述了天生缺少左手的作者從隱藏自身缺陷到最終接納自我獨(dú)特性的心路歷程，強(qiáng)調(diào)了自我接納的重要性?！?題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段“Igentlypushedhimasideandfiguredoutawaytodoitwithonehand.(我輕輕推開父親，用一只手找到了系鞋帶的方法)”可知，作者通過(guò)自己的方式解決了系鞋帶問題。故選C項(xiàng)。【5題詳析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第三段“EveryoneIsharedthiswith—friend,co-workerorboyfriend—saidkindthingslike,“Youshouldn’thideit.”or“It’snobigdeal.”Buttheirwordsdidn’tmattertome.TheonlywordsthatreallymatteredweretheonesIwastellingmyself,thatstoryofhowIwasunworthyoflove(每個(gè)和我分享這件事的人——朋友、同事或男朋友——都會(huì)說(shuō)些善意的話，比如“你不應(yīng)該隱藏它?！被蛘摺斑@沒什么大不了的?！钡麄兊脑拰?duì)我沒有意義。真正重要的是我告訴自己的那些話，那些關(guān)于我不值得被愛的故事)”可知?jiǎng)e人的話對(duì)作者來(lái)說(shuō)沒有意義，作者認(rèn)為重要的是那些關(guān)于自己不值得被愛的故事，可推理出作者在分享缺陷后并未被他人言語(yǔ)打動(dòng)，仍陷于自我否定中。故選B項(xiàng)。【6題詳析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段“Thatrelationshipendedaftertenyears,butIkepttheself-loveandcompassionIlearnedfromit.Fromthatpointon,Isawmydifferenceassomethinguniqueandbeautifulaboutme,somethingthatshouldbeshown,nothidden(那段關(guān)系在十年后結(jié)束了，但我已經(jīng)擁有了從那段關(guān)系中學(xué)到的自愛和同理心。從那時(shí)起，我認(rèn)為我的不同之處是我獨(dú)特而美麗的一部分，是應(yīng)該展示而不是隱藏的)”可知作者在關(guān)系結(jié)束后，擁有了從那段關(guān)系中學(xué)到的自愛和同理心，認(rèn)為應(yīng)該展示而不是隱藏，可推理出作者形成了積極的心態(tài)。故選A項(xiàng)。【7題詳析】主旨大意題。根據(jù)第一段“Iwasbornmissingmylefthand,yetIlearnedtoadapt.Oneofmyearliestmemoriesismyfathertryingtoteachmetotiemyshoes.Igentlypushedhimasideandfiguredoutawaytodoitwithonehand.Myparentstriedtomakemefeelordinary,buttherealitywasinescapable(我一出生就缺少左手，但我學(xué)會(huì)了適應(yīng)。我最早的記憶之一是我爸爸試圖教我系鞋帶。我輕輕地把他推到一邊，想出了用一只手系鞋帶的方法。我的父母盡力讓我覺得自己和其他人一樣，但現(xiàn)實(shí)是無(wú)法逃避的)”、倒數(shù)第三段“EveryoneIsharedthiswith—friend,co-workerorboyfriend—saidkindthingslike,“Youshouldn’thideit.”or“It’snobigdeal.”Buttheirwordsdidn’tmattertome.TheonlywordsthatreallymatteredweretheonesIwastellingmyself,thatstoryofhowIwasunworthyoflove(每個(gè)和我分享這件事的人——朋友、同事或男朋友——都會(huì)說(shuō)些善意的話，比如“你不應(yīng)該隱藏它。”或者“這沒什么大不了的?！钡麄兊脑拰?duì)我沒有意義。真正重要的是我告訴自己的那些話，那些關(guān)于我不值得被愛的故事)”以及最后一段“Thatrelationshipendedaftertenyears,butIkepttheself-loveandcompassionIlearnedfromit.Fromthatpointon,Isawmydifferenceassomethinguniqueandbeautifulaboutme,somethingthatshouldbeshown,nothidden(那段關(guān)系在十年后結(jié)束了，但我已經(jīng)擁有了從那段關(guān)系中學(xué)到的自愛和同理心。從那時(shí)起，我認(rèn)為我的不同之處是我獨(dú)特而美麗的一部分，是應(yīng)該展示而不是隱藏的)”可知，作者天生殘疾，全文圍繞作者從自卑到接納身體獨(dú)特性的轉(zhuǎn)變展開，作者最后認(rèn)為自己應(yīng)該展示而不是隱藏，D項(xiàng)“TheAcceptanceofUniqueness(接納獨(dú)特性)”表達(dá)的含義準(zhǔn)確概括了文章主旨，適合用作本文標(biāo)題，故選D項(xiàng)。CThirtyyearsago,whileworkingonarightwhaleresearchprojectintheBayofFundy,Canada,Iwitnessedaremarkablesight.Amalerightwhalewithmudonitshead,indicatingithadbeenfeedingatthebottom,cameuptobreatheandrest.Justbeforedivingagain,itletoutahugemassofpoop(糞便).Thewaterwasfilledwithpoopthatlookedlikeredfloatingbricksandhadastrong,unpleasantsmell.Ifitgotonyourclothes,you’dhavetodiscardthemasitcouldn’tbewashedout.Thisinitialencounterlaterinspiredmetoconductglobalsearchforwhalepoop,takingmefromIcelandtoMexico,Alaska,andHawaii.Rightwhalepoophasaparticularlystrongandawfulsmell,butI’vecometoappreciateit.Whalepoopprovidesvaluableinsights.Itshowswhatwhaleseat,theirhormones,ifthey’rereadytoreproduce,howstressedtheyare,what’sintheirgut(內(nèi)臟),andtheirfamilytree.Italsohelpsusassessthelevelofmercuryandpollutionintheocean.Thisexperiencesetthepathformyresearchcareer.Twoyearsafterseeingwhalepoopforthefirsttime,Itookanoceanecologyclassandlearnedaboutthebiologicalpump.Phytoplankton(浮游植物)growsneartheoceansurfaceandthroughthefoodchain,nutrientscansinktothedeepsea.However,Irealizedthatrightwhales,whichfeedatdepthandpoopatthesurface,likelybringnutrientslikeironandsoonbackup.Thisledtotheconceptofthe“whalepump”,whichdoestheoppositeofthebiologicalpumpbypumpingnutrientsbacktothesurface.Thesenutrientscanbeabsorbedbyphytoplanktonandflowthroughtheoceanfoodchain.ThisisimportantbecausesomepeopleinJapan,Norway,andIcelandthinkwhaleseat“ourfish”andcausefishnumberstodrop.Thewhalepumpshowsthattherelationshipismorecomplexandthatwhalesmightactuallyincreasefishpopulations.Whalepoopnotonlyhelpsusunderstandthepresentoceanbutalsogivesusalookintothepastwhenthereweremorewhales.Restoringwhalesandtheirnutrientpathwayscouldhelpmaketheoceanmorediverse.8.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“discard”inparagraph1mean?A.Abandon. B.Wash. C.Keep. D.Appreciate.9.Whydoestheauthorappreciatewhalepoop?A.Itprovidesaremarkablesight. B.Itmakestheauthortravelalot.C.Itlookslikeredfloatingbricks. D.Itmakespreciousinsightsavailable.10.Whatistheeffectofthe“whalepump”?A.Nutrientsfloattothesurface. B.Fisheriesexperienceadecline.C.Theoceanfoodchainisthreatened. D.Theenvironmentispollutedseverely.11.Whatisthepurposeofthetext?A.Todescribetheabnormalbehaviorofrightwhales.B.Toexplaintheecologicalimportanceofwhalepoop.C.Toargueagainsttheideathatwhalesharmfisheries.D.Todiscusshowwecanunderstandthepresentocean.【答案】8.A9.D10.A11.B【語(yǔ)篇解讀】本文是一篇說(shuō)明文，講述了鯨魚糞便的生態(tài)重要性。作者通過(guò)自身研究經(jīng)歷，說(shuō)明鯨魚糞便如何提供寶貴信息，促進(jìn)海洋生態(tài)循環(huán)，并反駁了鯨魚導(dǎo)致魚類減少的觀點(diǎn)，強(qiáng)調(diào)恢復(fù)鯨魚數(shù)量對(duì)海洋多樣性的積極意義?！?題詳析】詞句猜測(cè)題。根據(jù)第一段“Thewaterwasfilledwithpoopthatlookedlikeredfloatingbricksandhadastrong,unpleasantsmell.Ifitgotonyourclothes,you’dhavetodiscardthemasitcouldn’tbewashedout(水里布滿了看起來(lái)像紅色漂浮磚塊的糞便，且散發(fā)著強(qiáng)烈、難聞的氣味。如果它沾到你的衣服上，你就得把衣服……，因?yàn)樗床坏?”可知，如果像紅色漂浮磚塊的糞便沾到你的衣服上，它是洗不掉的，所以衣服只能扔掉，可推理出“discard”在上下文中指因無(wú)法清洗而“丟棄”衣物，故選A。【9題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段“Rightwhalepoophasaparticularlystrongandawfulsmell,butI’vecometoappreciateit.Whalepoopprovidesvaluableinsights.Itshowswhatwhaleseat,theirhormones,ifthey’rereadytoreproduce,howstressedtheyare,what’sintheirgut(內(nèi)臟),andtheirfamilytree.Italsohelpsusassessthelevelofmercuryandpollutionintheocean(座頭鯨的糞便氣味尤其強(qiáng)烈且令人不適，但我漸漸學(xué)會(huì)了欣賞它。鯨糞提供了寶貴的研究信息。它能顯示鯨魚的飲食習(xí)慣、它們的激素水平、是否準(zhǔn)備繁殖、它們的壓力程度、它們腸道里的情況以及它們的家族譜系。此外，它還有助于我們?cè)u(píng)估海洋中的汞含量和污染程度)”可知，作者重視鯨魚糞便是因?yàn)樗芴峁┱滟F的研究數(shù)據(jù)，故選D?！?0題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段“Thisledtotheconceptofthe“whalepump”,whichdoestheoppositeofthebiologicalpumpbypumpingnutrientsbacktothesurface(這引出了“鯨泵”的概念，它與生物泵的作用相反，將營(yíng)養(yǎng)物質(zhì)泵回到海洋表面)”可知，鯨魚泵的作用是將營(yíng)養(yǎng)物質(zhì)帶到海洋表面，故選A。【11題詳析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第一段“Amalerightwhalewithmudonitshead,indicatingithadbeenfeedingatthebottom,cameuptobreatheandrest.Justbeforedivingagain,itletoutahugemassofpoop(糞便).Thewaterwasfilledwithpoopthatlookedlikeredfloatingbricksandhadastrong,unpleasantsmell.(一頭露脊鯨頭部沾滿淤泥，表明它剛剛在海底覓食，它游上來(lái)呼吸并休息。就在它再次潛入水中之前，排泄出了一大團(tuán)糞便。水中布滿了看起來(lái)像紅色漂浮磚塊的糞便，散發(fā)著強(qiáng)烈且難聞的氣味)”、第二段“Rightwhalepoophasaparticularlystrongandawfulsmell,butI’vecometoappreciateit.Whalepoopprovidesvaluableinsights.Itshowswhatwhaleseat,theirhormones,ifthey’rereadytoreproduce,howstressedtheyare,what’sintheirgut(內(nèi)臟),andtheirfamilytree.Italsohelpsusassessthelevelofmercuryandpollutionintheocean(座頭鯨的糞便氣味尤其強(qiáng)烈且令人不適，但我漸漸學(xué)會(huì)了欣賞它。鯨糞提供了寶貴的研究信息。它能顯示鯨魚的飲食習(xí)慣、它們的激素水平、是否準(zhǔn)備繁殖、它們的壓力程度、它們腸道里的情況以及它們的家族譜系。此外，它還有助于我們?cè)u(píng)估海洋中的汞含量和污染程度)”、第三段“Thisledtotheconceptofthe“whalepump”,whichdoestheoppositeofthebiologicalpumpbypumpingnutrientsbacktothesurface(這引出了“鯨泵”的概念，它與生物泵的作用相反，將營(yíng)養(yǎng)物質(zhì)泵回到海洋表面)”以及最后一段“Whalepoopnotonlyhelpsusunderstandthepresentoceanbutalsogivesusalookintothepastwhenthereweremorewhales.Restoringwhalesandtheirnutrientpathwayscouldhelpmaketheoceanmorediverse(鯨糞不僅有助于我們了解如今的海洋，還能讓我們回顧過(guò)去鯨魚數(shù)量更多的時(shí)代?；謴?fù)鯨魚數(shù)量及其營(yíng)養(yǎng)循環(huán)路徑，可使海洋變得更加多樣化)”可知，文章圍繞鯨魚糞便的生態(tài)作用展開，包括其研究?jī)r(jià)值、促進(jìn)營(yíng)養(yǎng)循環(huán)的“鯨魚泵”機(jī)制及對(duì)海洋多樣性的意義，可推理出本文的寫作目的是解釋鯨魚糞便的生態(tài)重要性，故選B。DAQueenslandUniversityofTechnology(QUT)researchteamhastakeninspirationfromthebrainsofinsectsandanimalsformoreenergy-efficientroboticnavigation.Theresearch,ledbyDrHussaini,alongwithProfessorMilfordandDrFischerfromtheQUTCentreforRobotics,waspublishedinIEEETransactionsonRobotics.Theycameupwithanovelplacerecognitionalgorithm(算法)usingSpikingNeuralNetworks(SNNs).“SNNsareartificialneuralnetworksthatimitatehowbiologicalbrainsprocessinformationusingbrief,separatesignals,muchlikehowneurons(神經(jīng)元)inanimalbrainscommunicate,”DrHussainisaid.“Thesenetworksareparticularlywell-suitedforneuromorphichardware—specializedcomputerhardwarethatcopiesbiologicalneuralsystem—enablingfasterprocessingandsignificantlyreducedenergyconsumption.”Modernrobotsstillstruggletonavigateandoperateincomplex,unknownenvironments.TheyalsooftenrelyonAI-basednavigationsystemsthatneedalotofcomputingpowerandenergyfortraining.DrFischersaid,“Animalsarereallygoodatgettingaroundinlarge,dynamicenvironments.Theydoitefficientlyandreliably.”Hethinksthisresearchisastepclosertomakingnavigationsystemsinspiredbybiology.Thesesystemsmightonedaybebetterthantoday’sconventionalapproaches.ThesystemdevelopedbytheQUTteamusessmallneuralnetworkpartstorecognizespecificplacesfromimages.Thesepartswereputtogethertomakeagroupofspikingnetworkstocreateanavigationsystemthatcanlearntomovearoundinlargeenvironments.“Usingaseriesofimagesinsteadofsinglepicturesenabledanimprovementof41percentinplacerecognitionaccuracy,allowingthesystemtoadapttoappearancechangesovertimeandacrossdifferentseasonsandweatherconditions,”ProfessorMilfordsaid.“Thisresearchcanhelpmakemoreefficientandreliablenavigationsystemsforautonomousrobotsinenergy-limitedenvironments.It’sespeciallygoodforthingslikespaceexplorationanddisasterrecovery,whereusingenergywellandbeingquicktorespondarecritical,”DrHussainisaid.12.WhatdoestheQUTresearchfocuson?A.Testingartificialintelligencesystems.B.ImitatingAI-basednavigationsystems.C.Managingexistingroboticnavigationsystems.D.Creatingbio-inspiredroboticnavigationsystems.13.WhatisakeyadvantageofSNNs?A.Requiringlowenergy. B.Conductingobjectdetection.C.Producingsuitablehardware. D.Processingseparateinformation.14.Whatcanbeinferredaboutneuralnetworkparts?A.Theyanalyzeenvironmentalsounds. B.Theyassessconventionalapproaches.C.Theyenableaccurateplacerecognition. D.Theymeasuredifferentweatherconditions.15.What’sthelastparagraphmainlyabout?A.Thesignificanceoftheresearch. B.Theadvantageofthesystem.C.Theefficiencyofthenavigation. D.Theperformanceoftheapplication.【答案】12.D13.A14.C15.A【語(yǔ)篇解讀】本文是一篇說(shuō)明文，介紹了昆士蘭科技大學(xué)（QUT）研究團(tuán)隊(duì)受昆蟲和動(dòng)物大腦啟發(fā)，開發(fā)了一種新型的脈沖神經(jīng)網(wǎng)絡(luò)（SNNs）算法，用于更節(jié)能的機(jī)器人導(dǎo)航系統(tǒng)。該研究通過(guò)模仿生物神經(jīng)系統(tǒng)的信息處理方式，提升了導(dǎo)航系統(tǒng)的效率和適應(yīng)性，尤其在復(fù)雜或能源受限環(huán)境中具有應(yīng)用潛力?！?2題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段“AQueenslandUniversityofTechnology(QUT)researchteamhastakeninspirationfromthebrainsofinsectsandanimalsformoreenergy-efficientroboticnavigation(昆士蘭科技大學(xué)研究團(tuán)隊(duì)從昆蟲和動(dòng)物大腦中獲取靈感，開發(fā)更節(jié)能的機(jī)器人導(dǎo)航系統(tǒng))”以及第五段“Hethinksthisresearchisastepclosertomakingnavigationsystemsinspiredbybiology.(他認(rèn)為這項(xiàng)研究使受生物學(xué)啟發(fā)的導(dǎo)航系統(tǒng)更近了一步)”可知，QUT研究的核心是開發(fā)受生物啟發(fā)的導(dǎo)航系統(tǒng)。故選D?！?3題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段“Thesenetworksareparticularlywell-suitedforneuromorphichardware—specializedcomputerhardwarethatcopiesbiologicalneuralsystem—enablingfasterprocessingandsignificantlyreducedenergyconsumption(這些網(wǎng)絡(luò)特別適合神經(jīng)形態(tài)硬件——一種模擬生物神經(jīng)系統(tǒng)的專用計(jì)算機(jī)硬件，能夠?qū)崿F(xiàn)更快的處理速度并顯著降低能耗)”可知，SNNs的關(guān)鍵優(yōu)勢(shì)是低能耗。故選A?！?4題詳析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第六段“ThesystemdevelopedbytheQUTteamusessmallneuralnetworkpartstorecognizespecificplacesfromimages.Thesepartswereputtogethertomakeagroupofspikingnetworkstocreateanavigationsystemthatcanlearntomovearoundinlargeenvironments(昆士蘭科技大學(xué)（QUT）團(tuán)隊(duì)開發(fā)的系統(tǒng)利用小型神經(jīng)網(wǎng)絡(luò)部件從圖像中識(shí)別特定地點(diǎn)。這些部件組合起來(lái)形成了一組脈沖神經(jīng)網(wǎng)絡(luò)，從而創(chuàng)建出一個(gè)能夠在大型環(huán)境中學(xué)習(xí)移動(dòng)的導(dǎo)航系統(tǒng))”和倒數(shù)第二段“Usingaseriesofimagesinsteadofsinglepicturesenabledanimprovementof41percentinplacerecognitionaccuracy,allowingthesystemtoadapttoappearancechangesovertimeandacrossdifferentseasonsandweatherconditions(使用一系列圖像而非單張圖片使位置識(shí)別準(zhǔn)確率提高了41%，使系統(tǒng)能夠適應(yīng)隨時(shí)間、不同季節(jié)和天氣條件而產(chǎn)生的外觀變化)”可知，神經(jīng)網(wǎng)絡(luò)組件從圖像中識(shí)別特定地點(diǎn)，使位置識(shí)別準(zhǔn)確率提高了41%，使系統(tǒng)能夠適應(yīng)隨時(shí)間、不同季節(jié)和天氣條件而產(chǎn)生的外觀變化，可推理出神經(jīng)網(wǎng)絡(luò)組件的作用是實(shí)現(xiàn)準(zhǔn)確的地點(diǎn)識(shí)別。故選C。【15題詳析】主旨大意題。根據(jù)最后一段“Thisresearchcanhelpmakemoreefficientandreliablenavigationsystemsforautonomousrobotsinenergy-limitedenvironments.It’sespeciallygoodforthingslikespaceexplorationanddisasterrecovery,whereusingenergywellandbeingquicktorespondarecritical(這項(xiàng)研究有助于為在能源有限的環(huán)境中使用的自主機(jī)器人開發(fā)出更高效、可靠的導(dǎo)航系統(tǒng)。它特別適合于太空探索和災(zāi)難救援等領(lǐng)域，在這些領(lǐng)域中，有效利用能源和快速響應(yīng)至關(guān)重要)”可知，研究有助于開發(fā)出更高效、可靠的導(dǎo)航系統(tǒng)，特別適合于太空探索和災(zāi)難救援等領(lǐng)域；因此，最后一段主要講的是研究成果的實(shí)際應(yīng)用價(jià)值，即研究的意義。故選A。第二節(jié)（共5小題；每小題2.5分，滿分12.5分）閱讀下面短文，從短文后的選項(xiàng)中選出能填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。選項(xiàng)中有兩項(xiàng)為多余選項(xiàng)。Progressinlifeisallaboutreinvention.Wheneveryouwanttochange,reinventioniswhatallowsyoutocontinueexploringnewpartsofyourself.____16____Seeyourselfoutsideyourself.Imagineyouareasculptor.Asculptorlooksathisorherpieceofstoneandendlesslyquestionsnewwaystoshapeit.Andifheorshethinksofsomethingtochange,thereisnoemotionalattachment.____17____Thisishowyouneedtoseeyourself—asaworkofart,alwaysinprogress.Practiceeveryday,nomatterwhat.Changeisnotsomethingyoudosomedaysandthentakeabreakfromotherdays.____18____Itrequiresdailydevotion,tothepointwherethatnewhabittakestheplaceofanoldoneandnolongerrequiresconsciouseffort.Surroundyourselfwithpeoplewhowilltellyouthetruth.Ifeveryonearoundyouistellingyou“yes”,thenyouhaveaseriousproblem.Youneedpeoplewhoaregoingtochallengeandquestionyou.____19____Feedbackisessentialforpersonalgrowth.____20____Youwillneverbecomethepersonyouwanttobebycontinuingtobethepersonyoucurrentlyare.Growth’sonlyrequestisthatyoustepoutofyourcomfortzone.That’sit.Unlessyouarewillingtotakethatriskandtotakethatuncomfortablestepintotheunknown,youwillforeverstayexactlywhereyouare.A.Theyjustdoit.B.Bewhatyouare.C.Itisashiftinlifestyle.D.Bereadytotakerisks.E.Instead,likeanartist,justgettowork.F.Youneedtolookforawaytoreinventyourself.G.Youneedpeoplewhowon’tbeafraidtotellyouthetruth.【答案】16.F17.A18.C19.G20.D【語(yǔ)篇解讀】本文是一篇說(shuō)明文，主要介紹了重塑自我的方法?！?6題詳析】根據(jù)上文“Progressinlifeisallaboutreinvention.Wheneveryouwanttochange,reinventioniswhatallowsyoutocontinueexploringnewpartsofyourself.(生活中的進(jìn)步都與重塑自我有關(guān)。每當(dāng)你想要改變時(shí)，重塑自我能讓你不斷探索自己新的方面)”可知此處強(qiáng)調(diào)重塑自我的重要性，結(jié)合下文對(duì)幾種重塑自我的方法的介紹可知，F(xiàn)項(xiàng)“Youneedtolookforawaytoreinventyourself.(你需要尋找一種重塑自我的方法)”符合題意，承上啟下，故選F項(xiàng)?！?7題詳析】根據(jù)上文“Asculptorlooksathisorherpieceofstoneandendlesslyquestionsnewwaystoshapeit.Andifheorshethinksofsomethingtochange,thereisnoemotionalattachment.(雕塑家看著他或她的那塊石頭，不斷思考塑造它的新方法。如果他或她想到要改變什么，不會(huì)有情感上的不舍)”可知雕塑家一旦有想法就會(huì)去做，A項(xiàng)“Theyjustdoit.(他們就這么做了)”描述了雕塑家的行為方式，符合語(yǔ)境。故選A項(xiàng)?！?8題詳析】根據(jù)上文“Changeisnotsomethingyoudosomedaysandthentakeabreakfromotherdays.(改變不是你做幾天然后又休息幾天的事)”可知改變不是斷斷續(xù)續(xù)的，再結(jié)合下文“Itrequiresdailydevotion,tothepointwherethatnewhabittakestheplaceofanoldoneandnolongerrequiresconsciouseffort.(它需要每天投入，直到新習(xí)慣取代舊習(xí)慣，不再需要有意識(shí)的努力)”可知新習(xí)慣是要取代舊習(xí)慣，說(shuō)明改變是一種生活方式的轉(zhuǎn)變，C項(xiàng)“Itisashiftinlifestyle.(這是一種生活方式的轉(zhuǎn)變)”符合語(yǔ)境，故選C項(xiàng)?！?9題詳析】根據(jù)上文“Surroundyourselfwithpeoplewhowilltellyouthetruth.Youneedpeoplewhoaregoingtochallengeandquestionyou.(讓身邊圍繞著能告訴你真相的人。你需要那些會(huì)挑戰(zhàn)和質(zhì)疑你的人)”可知此處強(qiáng)調(diào)改變需要能講真話的人，G項(xiàng)“Youneedpeoplewhowon’tbeafraidtotellyouthetruth.(你需要那些不怕告訴你真相的人)”符合題意，故選G項(xiàng)。【20題詳析】根據(jù)下文“Youwillneverbecomethepersonyouwanttobebycontinuingtobethepersonyoucurrentlyare.Growth’sonlyrequestisthatyoustepoutofyourcomfortzone.Unlessyouarewillingtotakethatriskandtotakethatuncomfortablestepintotheunknown,youwillforeverstayexactlywhereyouare.(繼續(xù)做現(xiàn)在的自己，你永遠(yuǎn)不會(huì)成為你想成為的人。成長(zhǎng)唯一的要求就是你走出舒適區(qū)。除非你愿意冒這個(gè)險(xiǎn)，邁出那不舒服的一步進(jìn)入未知領(lǐng)域，否則你將永遠(yuǎn)停留在原地)”可知此段強(qiáng)調(diào)要敢于冒險(xiǎn)走出舒適區(qū)，D項(xiàng)“Bereadytotakerisks.(準(zhǔn)備好冒險(xiǎn))”符合題意，可以作為本段小標(biāo)題，故選D項(xiàng)。第三部分語(yǔ)言運(yùn)用（共兩節(jié)，滿分30分）第一節(jié)（共15小題；每小題1分，滿分15分）閱讀下面短文，從短文后各題所給的A、B、C和D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中，選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。Ahighschoolfriendcanbealife-longfriend.OnDec.14,1973,severalwomengatheredtocelebrateanearly____21____.Butthatwasn’tthe____22____ofthefriendgroup.Bytheevening’send,theydecidedtheyshouldmeetagainthefollowingDecember.Andthenextone.Andthenextone.Forthepast50years,thewomenhave____23____atleastonceayearfordinners,sleepoversandvacations.Thewomenofthegrouphave____24____oneanotherthroughdecadesofmilestones,weddingsandgraduations,babyshowersandfunerals(葬禮).Althoughthe____25____amongthemwasstrengthenedduringcollege,they’veworkedhardtostay____26____anddeveloptheirrelationships.Agroupchathelpsthemstayintouchdaily,asdophonecalls,videochatsand____27____groupactivitieslikea90-dayfitnesschallenge.Theyare____28____totheirannualreunionsandhavemaintainedstrongsupportforoneanother.Helenrecentlysufferedaheadache,almost____29____,shestartedreceiving_____30_____textsandcallsfromotherwomeninthegroup.“Theywereontopofme,asking:‘Didyougotothedoctor?Didyougotothe_____31_____room?’”saysHelen.“Theyhelpmemaintainmyhealthandpositivemind.Wegiveeachother_____32_____,andwhenthere’ssomething_____33_____forus,wetrytoliftthatpersonup.”Andthewomensaythatwhateveris_____34_____intheirlives,theycanlookforwardto_____35_____timetogethereveryDecember.21.A.holiday B.graduation C.festival D.victory22.A.celebration B.decision C.meaning D.end23.A.worked B.studied C.met D.checked24.A.supported B.greeted C.missed D.sponsored25.A.competition B.conflict C.bond D.distance26.A.calm B.connected C.awake D.healthy27.A.mental B.remote C.leisure D.personal28.A.committed B.opposed C.close D.blind29.A.finally B.lately C.gradually D.immediately30.A.shortened B.unexpected C.original D.concerned31.A.waiting B.rest C.emergency D.living32.A.pressure B.appreciation C.permission D.strength33.A.clear B.challenging C.familiar D.essential34.A.goingon B.showingoff C.gettingaway D.breakingdown35.A.losing B.measuring C.spending D.recording【答案】21.B22.D23.C24.A25.C26.B27.B28.A29.D30.D31.C32.D33.B34.A35.C【語(yǔ)篇解讀】本文是一篇記敘文。文章講述了一群高中女性朋友持續(xù)50年的友誼，她們每年聚會(huì)，互相支持，共同經(jīng)歷人生的重要時(shí)刻?！?1題詳析】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：1973年12月14日，幾位女性聚在一起慶祝提前的畢業(yè)。A.holiday假期；B.graduation畢業(yè)；C.festival節(jié)日；D.victory勝利。根據(jù)上文“Ahighschoolfriendcanbealife-longfriend.OnDec.14,1973,severalwomengatheredtocelebrate”可知上文提到了高中時(shí)的朋友可能會(huì)是一輩子的朋友還提到了一些女性聚在一起慶祝，可推理出她們可能在慶祝畢業(yè)，故選B項(xiàng)。【22題詳析】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：但這并不是朋友群體的結(jié)束。A.celebration慶祝；B.decision決定；C.meaning意義；D.end結(jié)束，終點(diǎn)。根據(jù)下文“theydecidedtheyshouldmeetagainthefollowingDecember.Andthenextone.Andthenextone.”可知下文說(shuō)的是她們決定再聚，可推理出此處說(shuō)的是這次慶祝并非這個(gè)朋友群體的終點(diǎn)，結(jié)束，故選D項(xiàng)?！?3題詳析】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：在過(guò)去的50年里，這些女性每年至少會(huì)聚在一起吃晚飯、過(guò)夜和度假一次。A.worked工作；B.studied學(xué)習(xí)；C.met見面；D.checked檢查。根據(jù)上文“theydecidedtheyshouldmeetagainthefollowingDecember.Andthenextone.Andthenextone.”可知這些女性每年至少見一次面，聚在一起吃晚飯、過(guò)夜和度假。故選C項(xiàng)。【24題詳析】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：這群女性幾十年來(lái)歷經(jīng)里程碑事件、婚禮和畢業(yè)典禮、寶寶洗禮以及葬禮，一直在相互扶持。A.supported支持；B.greeted問候；C.missed錯(cuò)過(guò)；D.sponsored贊助。根據(jù)下文weddingsandgraduations,babyshowersandfunerals”以及“ Theyare

______

totheirannualreunionsandmaintainedstrongsupportforoneanother”可知下文提到了婚禮與畢業(yè)典禮，寶寶洗禮與葬禮，還提到了彼此之間保持強(qiáng)有力的支持，可推理出她們互相支持，故選A項(xiàng)?！?5題詳析】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：盡管她們之間的情誼在大學(xué)期間得到了加深，但她們?nèi)耘Ρ３致?lián)系并發(fā)展彼此的關(guān)系。A.competition競(jìng)爭(zhēng)；B.conflict沖突；C.bond紐帶，關(guān)系；D.distance距離。根據(jù)上文weddingsandgraduations,babyshowersandfunerals”可知上文提到了婚禮與畢業(yè)典禮，寶寶洗禮與葬禮，結(jié)合下文“developtheirrelationships”以及“groupchathelpsthemstayintouchdaily”可知，此處指他們的關(guān)系、情感聯(lián)系得到了加深，故選C項(xiàng)?！?6題詳析】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：同上。A.calm平靜的；B.connected有聯(lián)系的，有關(guān)聯(lián)的；C.awake醒著；D.healthy健康的。根據(jù)下文“developtheirrelationships”以及“groupchathelpsthemstayintouchdaily”可知下文提到了群聊幫助她們?nèi)粘Ｂ?lián)系，可推理出此處說(shuō)的是她們?nèi)耘Ρ３致?lián)系，故選B項(xiàng)。【27題詳析】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：一個(gè)群聊有助于她們每天保持聯(lián)系，打電話、視頻聊天以及遠(yuǎn)程小組活動(dòng)（比如為期90天的健身挑戰(zhàn)）也起到了同樣的作用。A.mental心理的；B.remote遠(yuǎn)程的；C.leisure休閑的；D.personal個(gè)人的。根據(jù)上文“phonecalls,videochats”可知上文提到了電話和視頻聊天，可推理出此處說(shuō)的是遠(yuǎn)程活動(dòng)，故選B項(xiàng)?！?8題詳析】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：她們致力于每年的重聚，彼此之間保持強(qiáng)有力的支持。A.committed盡心盡力的，堅(jiān)定的，致力于；B.opposed反對(duì)；C.close親密的；D.blind盲目的。根據(jù)上文“atleastonceayearfordinners”以及下文“maintainedstrongsupportforoneanother”可知上文提到了她們至少每年聚餐一次，還提到了她們彼此之間保持強(qiáng)有力的支持，可推理出她們非常堅(jiān)定地做到每年重聚并一致保持互相支持，故選A項(xiàng)?！?9題詳析】考查副詞詞義辨析。句意：海倫最近頭痛，幾乎立即就開始收到小組內(nèi)其他女性關(guān)切的短信和電話。A.finally最終；B.lately最近；C.gradually逐漸；D.immediately立即。根據(jù)上文“Agroupchathelpsthemstayintouchdaily,asdophonecalls,videochats”可知她們每天都保持聯(lián)系，結(jié)合下文“Didyougotothedoctor?”提到的大家詢問海倫就醫(yī)情況，可推理出大家反應(yīng)迅速