第十章動(dòng)詞的時(shí)態(tài)和語(yǔ)態(tài)第二節(jié)動(dòng)詞的語(yǔ)態(tài)第二部分語(yǔ)法強(qiáng)化各種時(shí)態(tài)的主動(dòng)和被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)一覽表時(shí)態(tài)主動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)構(gòu)成被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)構(gòu)成主動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)例句被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)例句一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)do/doesis/am/are＋doneIclosethedoor.Thedoorisclosed.一般過(guò)去時(shí)didwas/were＋doneTimmadethepaperbag.ThepaperbagwasmadebyTim.一般將來(lái)時(shí)begoingto/will/shall＋dobegoingto/will/shall＋bedoneTheywillbuildanewlibraryinourschool.Anewlibrarywillbebuiltinourschool.時(shí)態(tài)主動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)構(gòu)成被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)構(gòu)成主動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)例句被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)例句現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)am/is/are＋doingam/is/are＋beingdoneTheyarecleaningtheroom.Theroomisbeingcleanedbythem.現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)have/has＋donehave/has＋beendoneIhaven'tfoundmypurse.Mypursehasn'tbeenfound.過(guò)去進(jìn)行時(shí)was/were＋doingwas/were＋beingdoneKimwascleaningtheroom.TheroomwasbeingcleanedbyKim.含情態(tài)動(dòng)詞can/may/must＋docan/may/must＋bedoneWecanfinishthisproject.Thisprojectcanbefinishedbyus.(續(xù)表)1．當(dāng)不知道或者沒有必要提到動(dòng)作的執(zhí)行者時(shí)，常使用被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)。如：Someexpensivewatcheswerestolenlastnight.昨晚一些昂貴的手表被盜了。2．當(dāng)需要強(qiáng)調(diào)和突出動(dòng)作的承受者時(shí)，常使用被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)。如：Englishisspokenwidelyintheworld.英語(yǔ)在世界上被廣泛地使用。3．在使用被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)的句子中，句子的主語(yǔ)是動(dòng)作的承受者。如：Muchsoilwaswashedawaybytheheavyrain.大量泥土被大雨沖走。4．說(shuō)話或者發(fā)表意見時(shí)，為了顯得公正客觀，常用以下結(jié)構(gòu)：Itissaidthat…據(jù)說(shuō)……

Itishopedthat…

希望……Itisbelievedthat…

大家相信……

Itisreportedthat…

據(jù)報(bào)道……用括號(hào)里所給單詞的適當(dāng)形式填空。1．(2024·安徽省中考改編)—Excuseme，mayIuseyourdictionary?I________(leave)minebehind.—Sure.Hereyouare.2．(2024·臨夏州中考改編)Manytrees__________(plant)everyyeartoprotecttheenvironment.3．(2024·福建省中考改編)WhenIsawXiaoWangyesterday，he__________(help)anoldmancrosstheroad.4．(2024·福建省中考改編)Thephotosarebeautiful.Iwonderwherethey__________(take)．weretakenhaveleftareplantedwashelping5.(2024·白銀市中考改編)Tom__________(walk)thedogatthemoment.6.(2024·連云港市中考改編)Robotdogs_________(use)asvolunteersforthefirsttimeduringthe2023AsianGames.7.(2024·臨夏自治州中考改編)MrGreen_________(be)inChinaforfiveyears.8.(2024·廣西壯族自治區(qū)中考改編)Listen!Thebirds__________(sing)inthetreenow.aresingingwaswalkingwereusedhasbeen9．(2024·河北省中考改編)Jennyisanearlybird.She________(get)upat6：00inthemorning.10．(2024·河北省中考改編)I'mexpectingafriend.I'mafraidI__________(order)later.11．(2024·河北省中考改編)Alex_________(study)teaculturesincehecametoChinain2010.12．(2024·龍東地區(qū)中考改編)Whilewe__________(sing)anEnglishsong，somevisitorscameintoourclassroom.weresinginggetswillorderhasstudied13．(2024·龍東地區(qū)中考改編)—Lucy，whereisMr.Wang?—He_________(go)toBeijingtoattendameeting.14．(2024·瀘州市中考改編)—Tom，thehigh-speedrailwayconnectingLuzhouwithChongqing_______________(complete)thisyearhopefully.—Amazing!I'mlookingforwardtoit!15．(2024·綏化市中考改編)He______(be)muchhealthierifhe________(take)enoughexerciseinhisfreetime.16．(2024·綏化市中考改編)Hurryup!Themovie________(be)onfortenminutes.hasbeenhasgonewillbecompletedwillbetakes17．(2024·綏化市中考改編)TheteamadeinChina________(send)tomanydifferentcountriesandplaceseachyear.18．(2024·連云港市中考改編)AsaChinesetraditionalmartialart(武術(shù))，TaiChi__________(spread)tomorethan150countriesallovertheworldsofar.19．(2024·揚(yáng)州市中考改編)Look!Mysister________(set)thetable.Let'sgiveherahand.20．(2024·揚(yáng)州市中考改編)

Asweallknow，theYangtzeRiver__________(know)asa“motherriver”oftheChinesenation.isknown

aresenthasspreadissetting21．(2024·江西省中考改編)—WhereisHelen?—I'mnotsure.Maybeshe_________(have)herbaseballlesson.22．(2024·達(dá)州市中考改編)—MayIspeaktoWangHong?—Sorry，sheisnotathome.She________(go)toBeijing.23．(2024·樂山市中考改編)—TherehasbeenlessandlesspollutioninLeshantheseyears.—Thegovernmenthasmadeagreateffortonit.I'msurethisproblem____________(solve)onedayinthefuture.willbesolvedishavinghasgone24．(2024·達(dá)州市中考改編)—Bob，yourroomissodirty.Itmust___________(clean)everyday.—OK，Mum，I'lldoitrightnow.25．(2024·涼山市中考改編)—DoyouknowtheSpringFestivalbecameaUNFloatingHolidayin2024?—Yes.TheSpringFestival___________(celebrate)widelyintheworldnowadays.26．(2024·瀘州市中考改編)—Hi，Ethan.Icalledyouat8：00lastnight，butyoudidn'tanswer.—Sorry，I___________(wash)thedishes.waswashingbecleanediscelebrated27.(2024·遂寧市中考改編)

—Tim,whatwereyoudoingwhenIcalledyou?—I_________(fix)upabicyclewithmysister.28.(2024·天津市中考改編)—JaneandI_________(have)apicnicthisSunday.Wouldyouliketocomewithus?—Sure.Seeyouthen.29.(2024·云南省中考改編)—Helen,Ididn'tseeyouintheclassroomatfiveyesterdayafternoon.—Oh,I_____________(practise)singingforthegraduationceremonyatthattime.30.(2024·河北中考改編)Emmagotexcitedwhenherwriting_________(read)asamodelinclass.wasreadwasfixingwillhavewaspractising1．不及物動(dòng)詞不適用于被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)的句子中，如happen和takeplace無(wú)被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)。2．有些表示狀態(tài)、特征的系動(dòng)詞和某些表示主語(yǔ)內(nèi)在品質(zhì)或性能的動(dòng)詞，通常不用被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)，如sound，seem，smell，taste，look，feel，open，lock，read，clean，cut，drive，sell，suit，wash，wear，write等。如：Thesongsoundsbeautiful.這首歌聽起來(lái)很美。Thesebookssellwell.這些書很暢銷。Thispenwriteswell.這支鋼筆很好寫。1．下列動(dòng)詞在主動(dòng)句中省略to，被動(dòng)句中應(yīng)還原to，如see，hear，let，make，watch，notice，feel等。這些使役動(dòng)詞和感官動(dòng)詞在主動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)中與省略to的動(dòng)詞不定式連用，但變成被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)以后，要把省略的to還原。如：Shemademedothehousework.→

Iwasmadetodothehouseworkbyher.Isawhime