第PAGE"pagenumber"pagenumber頁，共NUMPAGES"numberofpages"numberofpages頁第PAGE"pagenumber"pagenumber頁，共NUMPAGES"numberofpages"numberofpages頁廣東省佛山市2024-2025學(xué)年高二上學(xué)期1月期末英語試題一、閱讀理解（本大題共3小題）In1980,whenMalcolmCampbellwasaseniorinhighschool,hetookahistoryclasswithateachernamedDonLawson.OneoftheunitsthatMr.Lawsontaughtwasaboutthe1960s,andmovementsagainsttheVietnamWar.Fortwodays,Mr.LawsonplayedthemsongsbyBobDylantoshowthatartcanbeanimportantvehicleforprotest.Onthesecondday,Campbellraisedhishand,withaquestion.“Isthisgonnabeonthetest?”herecalledasking.“AndMr.Lawsonlookedatmeandsaid,‘No,man,thisisforyou,’”Campbellsaid.That’swhenCampbellsuddenlyunderstoodwhatMr.Lawsonwastryingtodo.“Itwaslikeinthemovies,”Campbellremembered.“Alightwentoffinmyhead,andIrealized,‘Wow,he’splannedthismaterialnotforthecontent,butforpersonalenrichment—formyownepiphany.’”Campbellwentontoearnadoctor’sdegreeinbiology.Fromthere,hespent30yearsteachingbiologyatDavidsonCollege.Allalong,hekeptthelessonsofMr.Lawsoninthebackofhismind.“Itriedtoconveytheideatomystudentsthattheyshouldbeaseageraspossibleinschool,andlearnasmuchaspossible,”Campbellsaid.“Don’tworryaboutpleasingme.Doitforyourself,”Campbelltoldhisstudents.Campbellrecentlyretiredfromteaching.Lookingbackathislongacademiccareer,oneofhisproudestachievementswashelpingstudentshavetheirownmomentsofenlightenment(啟迪).“That’sanamazingcareer—basicallyIgoaroundthrowinglitmatchesontomassesofleavesandwatchingthemtakefire,”Campbellsaid.“Andthat’sprettycool.Becauseoncetheyreallyunderstandwhatlearningis,allyougottadoisaddthatmatch,andpoof...they’regoingtolearntherestoftheirlives,”Campbellsaid.“Andthat’swhatMr.Lawsondidforme.”1．WhydidMr.LawsonplayDylan’ssongsinclass?A．Tohighlighttheroleofsongs. B．Toprovidethecontentsofexams.C．Toencouragestudents’interaction. D．ToprotestagainsttheVietnamWar.2．Whatdoestheunderlinedword“epiphany”probablymean?A．Interest. B．Realization. C．Passion. D．Reflection.3．Whatshouldateacherdoaccordingtothelastparagraph?A．Learnfromexperiencedteachers. B．Arousestudents’passionforlearning.C．Devotetheirwholelifetothecareer. D．Provideprofessionalhelpforstudents.Everyspring,abouttwobillionbirdsflythroughTexas.However,lightpollutioninurbanareascanbedeadlyformanymigratory(遷徙的)species.TheexpertsfromtheTexasConservationAlliance,whorantheLightsOutprogramin2020,convinceddowntownbusinessesandresidentstoswitchoffunnecessarylightingfrom11p.m.to6a.m.duringspringandautumn,reducinglightpollutionthatisotherwisemisleadingtobirds.AsofOctober31of2024,theteamrecorded42birddeaths,downfromthe110deathsdocumentedinthefallof2023.ThisispartlyduetothesupportofdowntownbuildingownerswhohaveagreedtoturnofflightsovernightafterjoiningtheLightsOutprogramin2021.Inadditiontomakingtheverysimpleswitch,LightsOutteachescityofficialsandotherinvolvedpartieshowtodecreaselightpollutionandsaveurbanwildlife.TheAlliancehasalsodevelopedawaytoforecastbirdmigrationduringspecifictimesandinspecificlocations,helpingresidentsandbusinessespredictwhenbirdsmaypasssotheycanactivatetheLightsOutprogrammoreaccurately.Andit’snotjustawinforthebirds,butforeveryonewhosharesanecosystemwiththem.Birdsaregoodsignsofecosystemhealth.Plus,birdslookandsoundreallycoolandhaveinterestingbehaviors.Birdloverscandotheirpart,too.TheLightsOutprogram,forinstance,hasstartedusingdBird,awebsitewhereresidentscanreportcasesofdeadandinjuredbirds,whichhelpsexpertstargettheirefforts.“We’reonlyoneteam.Wecan’tcollectallthedataonthebuildingstrikes.Weknowthereismorehappening,”directorMeiLingLiutoldareporter.“Sospreadingthewordthatanyonecanreportabirdstrikeandhelpuscollectthisdataiswhatwe’retryingtodowiththiswebsite.”4．Whatdoesparagraph3tellusabouttheLightsOutprogram?A．Itraisedawarenessofconservation. B．Itaimedtoreduceelectricitywaste.C．Ithelpeddecreasethedeathsofbirds. D．Itbecamepopularamongthecountry.5．Whatisthepurposeofparagraph5?A．Toexplorewaysofconservation. B．Torecognizetheimportanceofbirds.C．Toconfirmthefunctionofecosystem. D．Toassesstheeffectivenessoftheprogram6．WhatisthesignificanceofdBird?A．Ittracksthereportedbirds. B．Itbringsbirdenthusiaststogether.C．Itincreasesthenumberofbirds. D．Itallowsbirdloverstocontribute.7．Whatisthebesttitleforthetext?A．GoDarktoSaveBirds B．LeadtheBirdsHomeC．RescuetheDyingBirds D．TurnOffLightsforFutureWhenitcomestotellingwhethersomeoneislying,wecurrentlyhaveveryfewoptions,butateamofIsraeliresearchersclaimstohavecomeupwithsomethingbetterthananythingwe’veseenbefore.Usingstickerscontainingelectrodes(電極)thattracktheactivityofmuscles,theresearchers.ledbyProfessorDinoLevy,discoveredthatsomepeopleunintentionallyactivatemusclesintheircheeksandeyebrowswhentheylie.Nosensorshadbeenabletomeasuretheseminormusclemovementsbefore,buttheinnovativeonesinventedbyDinoLevyprovedsensitiveenough.Basedontheassumptionthatfacialmusclescontort(扭曲)whenwelie,Levy’steamattachedthenovelstickerstoanumberoftestsubjects’checksandeyebrows,andmadethemsitface-to-facewhiletheteamspokeaseriesofwords,sometrueandsomefalse.Oneofthesubjectsworeheadphonesandhadtorepeatthewordsbeingtold,whichmeantsometimestheyhadtoliewhilerepeatingfalsewords.Thepersonsittingontheothersidehadtofigureoutwhentheywerebeingliedto.Atsomepoint,theychangedroles.Asexpected,studysubjectshadaverytoughtimedetecting(發(fā)現(xiàn))theirpartners’lies.Theelectricalsignalsdeliveredbytheelectrodesattachedtotheirfaces,ontheotherhand,managedtocatchliesatarateof73%,betterthananyotherexistingtechnology.“Inourstudy,wehadtheadvantageofknowingwhatthesubjectsheardthroughtheheadsets,andthereforealsoknowingwhentheywerelying,”Levysaid.“Thus,usingadvancedmachinelearningtechniques,wetrainedourprogramtodetectliesbasedonsignalsfromtheelectrodes.”O(jiān)ncetheliedetectionrateimprovesenough,thistechnologycouldbeusedinmanyareas,suchasairportsecurity,onlinejobinterviews,andevenpoliceinvestigations.Itwouldhelpdetectliesmorecorrectlyandquickly,makingitausefultoolforfieldsthatrelyontrustandtruthfulness.8．WhatistheIsraeliresearchers’achievement?A．Atechniqueformachinelearning. B．Anewwayofconductingresearch.C．Amethodfordetectinghumanlies. D．Anewassumptionabouthumanlying.9．Whydidtheresearchersaskthesubjectstodetectlies?A．Tomeasurethesubjects’ability. B．Toexplorethemotivesbehindlies.C．Totestthenewtypeoftechnology. D．Totrackthesubjects’muscleactivities.10．Whatdoesthelastparagraphsuggestaboutthetechnology?A．Ithasbeenusedinmanyfields. B．Itwillreplacehumansinfuturejobs.C．Itrequireslargeamountsoftests. D．Itshowsgreatpotentialforfutureuse.二、其他（本大題共1小題）11．將下列語句（A、B、C、D和E）按題號排序，構(gòu)成一個符合邏輯的完整語篇。A．Natureisconnectedandcontrolledbymanyfoodchains(鏈).Afoodchaindescribeswhoeatswhominahabitat.B．Withrisingawarenessofhowweaffectthenaturalenvironment,hopefullywecanlearntoprotectthesefoodchainsandhelpthemtogrow.Otherwisethecontinuedlossofspecieswilleventuallymeanourownextinction.C．Althoughtherearestrictrulescontrollingthemovementofanimalsandplantsbetweencountriesnowadays,somepartsoftheworldarestillexperiencingproblemswithinvasive(入侵的)speciesintroducedhundredsofyearsago.D．Whenoneofthelinksinafoodchainisnolongerpresent-forexample,aspeciesgoesextinct-thefoodchainbreaksandsometimesthiscancauseotheranimalstodisappearandthewholesystemcanbecomeimbalancedorevencollapse.E.Usually,humanactivityisthemaincauseofafoodchainbreak.Whenpeoplefirstexploredtheworld,theytookanimalandplantspeciesfromtheirhometotheplacestheyexplored.Theydidnotrealizethatintroducinginvasivespecieswasactuallybreakingthenaturalfoodchainsthere.→→→→三、閱讀理解（本大題共1小題）Habitsallowustomakeactionsweperformfrequentlyautomatic,forexample,cookingfamiliarfoodsanddrivinghomefromwork.Consistentlypracticinggoodbehaviorhelpstodeveloppositiveandlastinghabits.12Andbothbuildinggoodhabitsandbreakingbadhabitscanbechallenging,solearningsomeeffectivestrategiesisnecessary.13Therewardmustbedeliveredconsistentlyandimmediatelyafterthedesiredbehavior.Forexample,youcouldrewardyourselfforcleaningtheapartmentbyplayingyourfavoritevideogame.Remembertodothepleasurableactivityeachtimeyouperformthehealthybehavior.14Haveyounoticedchangesinyourshoppingbehaviorafteralocalshoppingcenterrearrangesitslayout?Thisisbecausechangingenvironmentalsignalsaffectshabitualbehavior.15Theseincludegoingtocollege,startinganewjob,gettingmarried,retiring,andsoon.It’simportanttorecognizetheseopportunities:theyarechancestoreshapeourhabits.Forexample,notlivingnexttoafast-foodrestaurantcanbeanopportunitytoformhealthiereatinghabits.Tobreakbadhabits,wemayconsiderincreasingthedifficultyofperformingunhealthybehaviors.16ThisiswhatItoldafriendcomplainingaboutherlittleboy’sunhealthyeatinghabits.Isuggestedthemothermakeitmoretime-consumingfortheboytoaccessfattyandsweetsnackswhilemakingfreshfruitseasilyaccessibletothechild.A．Thisregularityhelpsstrengthenthehabit.B．Thiswillhelpchildrenrealizetheirbadhabits.C．Itoftenoccursasaresultoflifecoursechanges.D．Butunhealthybehaviorscanalsobecomehabitual.E．Itisimportantforthesocietytobuildarewardsystem.F．Atthesametime,weshouldmakeiteasiertoperformthegoodhabit.G．Toturnahealthybehaviorintoahabit,youcanthinkofaneffectivereward.四、完形填空（本大題共1小題）Anemergencycallfromadadhavingchestpainsandtroublebreathingcanbeascarything.Butthankfully,a(n)17betweenthatdad’s5-year-olddaughterandpolicedispatcher(調(diào)度員)JasonBonhamturnedouttobemorehumorthan18.Therecordinghasrepeatedlygoneviral(走紅)since2010.It’sperfectly19.WhenanIndianadadcalledthepoliceandcouldn’t20,hisdaughterSavannahpickedupthephone.Remainingremarkablycalm,thegirl21answeredJason’squestions-andaddedherlivereportaswell.AtJason’srequest,shemadesurethefrontdoorwas22sotheemergencycrewcouldgetin.Shetoldhimabouttheirdog,who“barksalot,”butwas“friendly.”She23herdad,saying“Don’tworry,Dad”and“Staycalm,Dad.”ShealsokeptJasoninformedwithwhatwashappening,repeatedlysaying,“Sofar,sogood.”Butthemost24partwaswhenSavannahtoldJasonsheandherdadwereintheir“jammies(睡衣)”soshe’dhavetochange.“Idon’tknowwhatI’mgonna25,but...oh,Dadreallyneedsoxygen,realfast.”JasonsaidhewassurprisedbyhowSavannah26thecall.“Mostpeoplewouldgetfrightenedinsuchasituation.EverytimeIlistentotherecordingI’m27.She’sjustalittleperson.”28,despitethescare,everythingturnedoutfineforSavannah’sdad.Whenthe29wentviral,hermompostedonthesocialmedia,“WearesogratefulthatSavannah’semergencycallisstillbeing30.Itmakestheentirenightworthwhile.Themore31itbringsandthemoreadultsteachchildrenwhattodo,thebetter!”17．A．quarrel B．a(chǎn)greement C．conversation D．secret18．A．horror B．inspiration C．surprise D．disappointment19．A．a(chǎn)cceptable B．suitable C．hopeless D．timeless20．A．move B．talk C．wait D．help21．A．eagerly B．expertly C．politely D．casually22．A．unlocked B．undamaged C．checked D．marked23．A．wokeup B．dressedup C．comforted D．pleased24．A．a(chǎn)musing B．touching C．important D．curious25．A．take B．do C．find D．wear26．A．viewed B．handled C．made D．expected27．A．concerned B．a(chǎn)mazed C．satisfied D．relaxed28．A．Somehow B．Indeed C．Luckily D．Ironically29．A．joke B．interview C．story D．a(chǎn)rticle30．A．passedaround B．referredto C．studied D．checked31．A．guidance B．opportunity C．encouragement D．a(chǎn)wareness五、語法填空（本大題共1小題）閱讀下面材料，在空白處填入適當?shù)膬?nèi)容(1個單詞)或括號內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。TwoAmericanofficersrecentlyhadanunexpectedencounterinthelineofduty.Theofficerspulledoveracar.Theirguns32(draw)becausesuchsituationsoftenturndeadly,andcarefulnessisnecessary.Unexpectedly,twochildren,a10-year-oldboyandan11-year-oldgirl,33(step)outofthecar.Thetwochildren,34aresiblings(姐弟),turnedouttoberunaways.Forthegirl,hermother35(take)awayherelectronicdeviceswasthebreakingpoint.ShewastryingtoescapetoCalifornia36herbrother.Manychildrenrunawayfromhomeatsomepointintheirchildhood,37mostdonotgetfar.Inthiscase,38pairhadtraveled320kilometers.Themotherofthechildrenhadreportedhercar39(steal)andherchildrenmissingfourhours40(early),buthadnotguessedthechildrenhadactuallytakenthecar.Thepoliceinterviewedthechildrenandconcludedtheywerenotbeingmistreatedathome.Clearly,themotherwouldneverchoose41(press)chargesagainstherchildren.六、單項選擇（本大題共10小題）42．Mostofthefoodtheybuyisprocessedinsomeway.A．broughtin B．sentover C．prepared D．labeled43．I’dliketohighlightthebenefitsofextensivereading.A．stress B．prove C．discuss D．explain44．Theirtalkinthelibrarygetsinthewayofmyconcentration.A．breaks B．requires C．a(chǎn)ttracts D．a(chǎn)voids45．Iwasbornwithanenormousamountofdriveandenthusiasm.A．a(chǎn)bility B．skills C．imagination D．energy46．Eleanorspentmuchofthesummerbrushinguponherdriving.A．testing B．practicing C．learningfrom D．doingresearchon47．I’mgladthathedidn’tsimplyovertakeMichaelandcomethird.A．laughat B．takenoticeof C．pass D．ignore48．Theyhaveshiftedtheirattitudestomentalillnessinrecentyears.A．maintained B．changed C．expressed D．shaped49．Thepoorsalesperformanceisdowntotheineffectivemarketingstrategy.A．leadsto B．a(chǎn)risesfrom C．hasaninfluenceon D．takestheformof50．I’mwaybeyondashyperson,butI’mwiredupeveryday,likemostpeople.A．similarto B．thesameas C．familiarwith D．farfrom51．Afterhundredsoffailedexperiments,theycameacrossapromisingchemical.A．dangerous B．industrial C．pure D．favorable七、單詞拼寫（本大題共10小題）52．Youcancmebyemailifyouhaveanyquestions.(根據(jù)首字母單詞拼寫)53．Soonerorlateryou’llathebeautyofthislanguage.(根據(jù)首字母單詞拼寫)54．Itisadjobandsheneedstoworkhardtodoitwell.(根據(jù)首字母單詞拼寫)55．Thelocalgovernmenteaschooltogetthesekidseducated.(根據(jù)首字母單詞拼寫)56．Theflooddthewholevillage,leavingthousandsofpeoplehomeless.(根據(jù)首字母單詞拼寫)57．Hegoestothegymona(n)(有規(guī)律的)basistokeepfit.(根據(jù)漢語提示單詞拼寫)58．Thebuswasso(擁擠)thattherewasbarelyanyroomtostand.(根據(jù)漢語提示單詞拼寫)59．Wearepleasedto(宣告)thatalltheapplicantsweresuccessful.(根據(jù)漢語提示單詞拼寫)60．Hecanalwayssortoutsimple,effective(解決辦法)topracticalproblems.(根據(jù)漢語提示單詞拼寫)61．Studentsareexpectedto(掌握)somecutting-edgeinformationtechnology.(根據(jù)漢語提示單詞拼寫)八、翻譯（本大題共3小題）62．女孩在閱讀方面表現(xiàn)優(yōu)于男孩，這與女孩更享受閱讀有關(guān)。(漢譯英)63．成功不是由你擁有多少錢來衡量，而是由你為社會作了多少貢獻來衡量的。（漢譯英）64．這件事摧毀了我的身心，而我在不到一天的時間里，頭發(fā)就從黑色變成了白色。（漢譯英）九、書信寫作（本大題共1小題）65．上周末，你從學(xué)校乘坐公交車返回家中時遭遇交通擁堵。請你寫一篇短文，給學(xué)校英文報專欄“BeyondtheClassroom”投稿，分享本次經(jīng)歷，內(nèi)容包括：1．交通擁堵情況；2．你的感想。注意：1．詞數(shù)100左右；2．請按如下格式在答題卡的相應(yīng)位置作答。ALongRideHome____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

參考答案【答案】1．A2．B3．B【分析】本文是一篇記敘文。文章講述了馬爾科姆·坎貝爾在高中時上的一堂歷史課對他產(chǎn)生的深遠影響，以及他后來成為教師后如何將這種教學(xué)理念傳遞給自己的學(xué)生?！窘馕觥?．細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段“Fortwodays,Mr.LawsonplayedthemsongsbyBobDylantoshowthatartcanbeanimportantvehicleforprotest.(勞森老師連續(xù)兩天給他們播放鮑勃·迪倫的歌曲，以表明藝術(shù)可以成為抗議的重要載體)”可知，勞森先生播放鮑勃?迪倫的歌曲是為了展示藝術(shù)可以成為抗議的重要工具，也就是強調(diào)歌曲(藝術(shù)形式之一)的作用。故選A項。2．詞句猜測題。根據(jù)劃線詞上文“Alightwentoffinmyhead,andIrealized,‘Wow,he’splannedthismaterialnotforthecontent,butforpersonalenrichment(我突然靈光一閃，意識到：“哇，他準備這些教學(xué)內(nèi)容不是為了讓我們掌握知識本身，而是為了讓我們實現(xiàn)自我提升)”中“notforthecontent,butforpersonalenrichment”可推知，老師的這些材料不是為了內(nèi)容本身，而是為了讓學(xué)生實現(xiàn)自我提升，即讓學(xué)生自己意識到一些事情，實現(xiàn)個人的領(lǐng)悟。故劃線詞epiphany的意思是“領(lǐng)悟”，與realization同義。故選B項。3．推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段中“Becauseoncetheyreallyunderstandwhatlearningis,allyougottadoisaddthatmatch,andpoof…they’regoingtolearntherestoftheirlives(因為一旦他們真正理解了什么是學(xué)習(xí)，你所要做的就是點燃那根火柴，然后噗……他們就會終身學(xué)習(xí))”可推知，老師應(yīng)該做的就是點燃學(xué)生學(xué)習(xí)熱情的“火柴”，即激發(fā)學(xué)生的學(xué)習(xí)熱情。故選B項。【答案】4．C5．B6．D7．A【分析】本文是說明文。文章通過介紹“LightsOut”計劃及其在減少城市光污染、保護遷徙鳥類方面的成效，向讀者傳遞了關(guān)于光污染對鳥類的影響以及如何采取措施減輕這一影響的信息。【解析】4．主旨大意題。根據(jù)第三段“AsofOctober31of2024,theteamrecorded42birddeaths,downfromthe110deathsdocumentedinthefallof2023.ThisispartlyduetothesupportofdowntownbuildingownerswhohaveagreedtoturnofflightsovernightafterjoiningtheLightsOutprogramin2021.(截至2024年10月31日，該團隊記錄了42只鳥類死亡，低于2023年秋季記錄的110只。這是因為，從2021年開始加入LightsOut計劃后，同意在夜間熄燈的市中心業(yè)主們的支持)”可知，本段主要告訴我們LightsOut計劃有助于減少鳥類的死亡。故選C項。5．推理判斷題。根據(jù)第五段“Andit’snotjustawinforthebirds,butforeveryonewhosharesanecosystemwiththem.Birdsaregoodsignsofecosystemhealth.Plus,birdslookandsoundreallycoolandhaveinterestingbehaviors.(這不僅是鳥類的勝利，也是所有與它們共享生態(tài)系統(tǒng)的人的勝利。鳥類是生態(tài)系統(tǒng)健康的良好標志。此外，鳥類看起來和聽起來都很酷，行為也很有趣)”可知，本段目的是強調(diào)鳥類的重要性。故選B項。6．推理判斷題。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二段“Birdloverscandotheirpart,too.TheLightsOutprogram,forinstance,hasstartedusingdBird,awebsitewhereresidentscanreportcasesofdeadandinjuredbirds,whichhelpsexpertstargettheirefforts.(鳥類愛好者也可以盡自己的一份力量。例如，熄燈計劃已經(jīng)開始使用dBird網(wǎng)站，居民可以在這個網(wǎng)站上報告鳥類死亡和受傷的情況，這有助于專家有針對性地開展工作)”可知，dBird的意義是允許鳥類愛好者做出貢獻，故選D項。7．主旨大意題。根據(jù)第一段“Everyspring,abouttwobillionbirdsflythroughTexas.However,lightpollutioninurbanareascanbedeadlyformanymigratory(遷徙的)species.(每年春天，大約有20億只鳥飛過德克薩斯州。然而，城市地區(qū)的光污染對許多遷徙物種來說是致命的)”以及第二段“TheexpertsfromtheTexasConservationAlliance,whorantheLightsOutprogramin2020,convinceddowntownbusinessesandresidentstoswitchoffunnecessarylightingfrom11p.m.to6a.m.duringspringandautumn,reducinglightpollutionthatisotherwisemisleadingtobirds.(德州自然保護聯(lián)盟的專家們在2020年開展了LightsOut計劃，他們說服市中心的企業(yè)和居民在春季和秋季的晚上11點到早上6點關(guān)掉不必要的照明，減少對鳥類產(chǎn)生誤導(dǎo)的光污染)”以及縱觀全文可知，本文主要講述了LightsOut項目通過減少光污染來保護鳥類遷徙的成效，并號召大家一起參與關(guān)閉不必要的燈光以拯救鳥類。所以A項“熄燈以拯救鳥類”是本文最好的標題。故選A項?！敬鸢浮?．C9．C10．D【分析】本文是一篇說明文。文章介紹了一項由以色列研究人員開發(fā)的新技術(shù)，該技術(shù)通過使用含有電極的貼紙來追蹤面部肌肉活動，從而幫助檢測人們是否在說謊?！窘馕觥?．細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第一段“Whenitcomestotellingwhethersomeoneislying,wecurrentlyhaveveryfewoptions,butateamofIsraeliresearchersclaimstohavecomeupwithsomethingbetterthananythingwe’veseenbefore.(說到判斷某人是否在說謊，目前我們的方法非常有限，但以色列的一個研究團隊聲稱，他們想出了比我們之前見過的任何方法都更好的辦法。)”以及下文“Usingstickerscontainingelectrodes(電極)thattracktheactivityofmuscles,theresearchers.ledbyProfessorDinoLevy,discoveredthatsomepeopleunintentionallyactivatemusclesintheircheeksandeyebrowswhentheylie.(研究人員由DinoLevy教授帶領(lǐng)，他們使用含有追蹤肌肉活動電極的貼紙，發(fā)現(xiàn)有些人在說謊時會無意識地牽動臉頰和眉毛處的肌肉。)”可知，以色列研究人員的成就是一種檢測人是否說謊的方法。故選C。9．推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章第四段“Asexpected,studysubjectshadaverytoughtimedetecting(發(fā)現(xiàn))theirpartners’lies.Theelectricalsignalsdeliveredbytheelectrodesattachedtotheirfaces,ontheotherhand,managedtocatchliesatarateof73%,betterthananyotherexistingtechnology.(不出所料，參與研究的對象很難察覺他們搭檔的謊言。另一方面，貼在他們臉上的電極所傳遞的電信號，成功以73%的準確率識破謊言，這比任何現(xiàn)有技術(shù)都要好。)”可知，通過這種方式來驗證這種利用電極貼紙檢測謊言的新技術(shù)，看其測謊準確率，所以讓受試者檢測謊言是為了測試這種新型技術(shù)。故選C。10．推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段“Oncetheliedetectionrateimprovesenough,thistechnologycouldbeusedinmanyareas,suchasairportsecurity,onlinejobinterviews,andevenpoliceinvestigations.Itwouldhelpdetectliesmorecorrectlyandquickly,makingitausefultoolforfieldsthatrelyontrustandtruthfulness.(一旦測謊準確率提高到足夠高，這項技術(shù)就可以應(yīng)用于許多領(lǐng)域，比如機場安檢、在線求職面試，甚至警方調(diào)查。它將有助于更準確、快速地檢測謊言，使其成為依賴信任和真實性的領(lǐng)域的有用工具。)”可知，一旦測謊率足夠提高，這項技術(shù)可以應(yīng)用于機場安檢、在線求職面試、警方調(diào)查等許多領(lǐng)域，能夠更準確快速地檢測謊言，對依賴信任和真實性的領(lǐng)域很有用，這表明該技術(shù)在未來使用中有很大的潛力。故選D。11．【答案】ADECB【分析】本文是一篇說明文。文章主要介紹了食物鏈在自然環(huán)境中的重要性，人類活動對食物鏈的破壞以及如何通過保護食物鏈來維護生態(tài)平衡的重要性?！驹斀狻?.文章主要介紹了食物鏈在自然環(huán)境中的重要性，人類活動對食物鏈的破壞以及如何通過保護食物鏈來維護生態(tài)平衡的重要性。本句為整個段落的第一句，所以本句應(yīng)介紹食物鏈的定義。選項A“Natureisconnectedandcontrolledbymanyfoodchains(鏈).Afoodchaindescribeswhoeatswhominahabitat.(自然是由許多食物鏈連接和控制的。食物鏈描述了棲息地中誰吃誰。)”符合題意。故選A。2.上文解釋了食物鏈的概念，本句應(yīng)對食物鏈進行進一步解釋和舉例說明。選項D“Whenoneofthelinksinafoodchainisnolongerpresent-forexample,aspeciesgoesextinct-thefoodchainbreaksandsometimesthiscancauseotheranimalstodisappearandthewholesystemcanbecomeimbalancedorevencollapse.(當食物鏈中的一個環(huán)節(jié)不再存在時，例如，一個物種滅絕——食物鏈就會斷裂，有時這會導(dǎo)致其他動物消失，整個系統(tǒng)會變得不平衡甚至崩潰。)”能承接上文，符合題意。故選D。3.上文介紹了食物鏈斷裂的情況，本句應(yīng)對食物鏈的斷裂原因進行解釋。選項E“Usually,humanactivityisthemaincauseofafoodchainbreak.Whenpeoplefirstexploredtheworld,theytookanimalandplantspeciesfromtheirhometotheplacestheyexplored.Theydidnotrealizethatintroducinginvasivespecieswasactuallybreakingthenaturalfoodchainsthere.(通常，人類活動是食物鏈斷裂的主要原因。當人們第一次探索世界時，他們把動物和植物物種從家里帶到了他們探索的地方。他們沒有意識到引入入侵物種實際上是在打破那里的自然食物鏈。)”能承接上文，符合題意。故選E。4.上文介紹了以前人們引入入侵物種打斷食物鏈的情況，本句應(yīng)介紹現(xiàn)在外來物種的入侵情況。選項C“Althoughtherearestrictrulescontrollingthemovementofanimalsandplantsbetweencountriesnowadays,somepartsoftheworldarestillexperiencingproblemswithinvasive(入侵的)speciesintroducedhundredsofyearsago.(盡管現(xiàn)在有嚴格的規(guī)則控制動植物在國家之間的流動，但世界上一些地區(qū)仍然面臨著數(shù)百年前引入的入侵物種的問題。)”能承接上文，符合題意。故選C。5.上文介紹了現(xiàn)在外來物種的入侵情況，本句應(yīng)強調(diào)保護食物鏈。選項B“Withrisingawarenessofhowweaffectthenaturalenvironment,hopefullywecanlearntoprotectthesefoodchainsandhelpthemtogrow.Otherwisethecontinuedlossofspecieswilleventuallymeanourownextinction.(隨著人們對我們?nèi)绾斡绊懽匀画h(huán)境的認識不斷提高，希望我們能學(xué)會保護這些食物鏈，幫助它們生長。否則，物種的持續(xù)喪失最終將意味著我們自己的滅絕。)”能承接上文，符合題意。故選B?！敬鸢浮?2．D13．G14．A15．C16．F【分析】本文是說明文。文章主要介紹了如何養(yǎng)成良好的習(xí)慣以及打破不良習(xí)慣的策略?！窘馕觥?2．根據(jù)前文“Consistentlypracticinggoodbehaviorhelpstodeveloppositiveandlastinghabits.(堅持練習(xí)良好的行為有助于培養(yǎng)積極和持久的習(xí)慣)”以及后文“Andbothbuildinggoodhabitsandbreakingbadhabitscanbechallenging,solearningsomeeffectivestrategiesisnecessary.(養(yǎng)成好習(xí)慣和改掉壞習(xí)慣都是有挑戰(zhàn)性的，所以學(xué)習(xí)一些有效的策略是必要的)”可知，前文提到好習(xí)慣，后文講述養(yǎng)成好習(xí)慣和改掉壞習(xí)慣都是有挑戰(zhàn)性的，所以空處應(yīng)是提到壞習(xí)慣，D項“Butunhealthybehaviorscanalsobecomehabitual.(但不健康的行為也會成為習(xí)慣)”承接上文，和上文構(gòu)成轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系，并引出下文。故選D項。13．設(shè)空位于句首，是本段的中心句，根據(jù)后文“Therewardmustbedeliveredconsistentlyandimmediatelyafterthedesiredbehavior.Forexample,youcouldrewardyourselfforcleaningtheapartmentbyplayingyourfavoritevideogame.(獎勵必須始終如一地在期望的行為之后立即發(fā)放。例如，你可以通過玩你最喜歡的電子游戲來獎勵自己打掃了公寓)”可知，本段主要講述通過獎勵來養(yǎng)成好的習(xí)慣，所以G項“Toturnahealthybehaviorintoahabit,youcanthinkofaneffectivereward.(要把健康的行為變成習(xí)慣，你可以想一個有效的獎勵)”符合本段主題，為本段中心句。故選G項。14．設(shè)空位于段尾，是對前文的總結(jié)，根據(jù)前文“Forexample,youcouldrewardyourselfforcleaningtheapartmentbyplayingyourfavoritevideogame.Remembertodothepleasurableactivityeachtimeyouperformthehealthybehavior.(例如，你可以通過玩你最喜歡的電子游戲來獎勵自己打掃了公寓。記住，每次你做健康的行為時，都要做愉快的活動)”可知，A項“Thisregularityhelpsstrengthenthehabit.(這種規(guī)律有助于加強習(xí)慣)”是對前文的總結(jié)，其中regularity指的就是每次你做健康的行為時，都要做愉快的活動。故選A項。15．根據(jù)前文“Haveyounoticedchangesinyourshoppingbehaviorafteralocalshoppingcenterrearrangesitslayout?Thisisbecausechangingenvironmentalsignalsaffectshabitualbehavior.(你是否注意到當?shù)刭徫镏行闹匦虏季趾?，你的購物行為發(fā)生了變化？這是因為不斷變化的環(huán)境信號會影響習(xí)慣性行為)”以及后文“Theseincludegoingtocollege,startinganewjob,gettingmarried,retiring,andsoon.It’simportanttorecognizetheseopportunities:theyarechancestoreshapeourhabits.Forexample,notlivingnexttoafast-foodrestaurantcanbeanopportunitytoformhealthiereatinghabits.(這些包括上大學(xué)、開始一份新工作、結(jié)婚、退休等等。認識到這些機會很重要：它們是重塑我們習(xí)慣的機會。例如，不住在快餐店旁邊可能是形成更健康飲食習(xí)慣的機會)”可知，本段講述了因為生活中的改變而形成新的習(xí)慣，所以C項“Itoftenoccursasaresultoflifecoursechanges.(它通常是由于生命歷程的改變而發(fā)生的)”是對前文的進一步解釋，而后文是對本句的具體舉例。故選C項。16．根據(jù)前文“Tobreakbadhabits,wemayconsiderincreasingthedifficultyofperformingunhealthybehaviors.(為了改掉壞習(xí)慣，我們可以考慮增加執(zhí)行不健康行為的難度)”以及后文“ThisiswhatItoldafriendcomplainingaboutherlittleboy’sunhealthyeatinghabits.Isuggestedthemothermakeitmoretime-consumingfortheboytoaccessfattyandsweetsnackswhilemakingfreshfruitseasilyaccessibletothechild.(這是我對一個抱怨她兒子不健康飲食習(xí)慣的朋友說的話。我建議這位母親讓男孩吃高脂肪和甜的零食更費時，同時讓孩子更容易吃到新鮮水果)”可知，后文的例子，作者建議這位母親增加執(zhí)行不健康行為的難度，同時讓好習(xí)慣變得更容易，所以F項“Atthesametime,weshouldmakeiteasiertoperformthegoodhabit.(同時，我們應(yīng)該讓養(yǎng)成好習(xí)慣變得更容易)”承接上文，符合下文舉例。故選F項?！敬鸢浮?7．C18．A19．D20．B21．B22．A23．C24．A25．D26．B27．B28．C29．C30．A31．D【分析】本文是一篇記敘文。文章講述了一個5歲小女孩Savannah在父親突發(fā)疾病無法說話時，鎮(zhèn)定地接聽警察調(diào)度員的電話，并提供了必要的信息，幫助救援人員順利進入家中救助父親的故事?！窘馕觥?7．考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：但幸運的是，這位父親5歲女兒與警方調(diào)度員JasonBonham之間的對話，更多的是充滿幽默而非恐懼。A.quarrel爭吵；B.agreement協(xié)議；C.conversation對話；D.secret秘密。根據(jù)下文“WearesogratefulthatSavannah’semergencycallisstillbeing17.”以及文章內(nèi)容可知，空處指的是女兒和警方調(diào)度員JasonBonham之間的對話。故選C。18．考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：但幸運的是，這位父親5歲女兒與警方調(diào)度員JasonBonham之間的對話，更多的是充滿幽默而非恐懼。A.horror恐怖；B.inspiration靈感；C.surprise驚訝；D.disappointment失望。根據(jù)下文““Mostpeoplewouldgetfrightenedinsuchasituation.EverytimeIlistentotherecordingI’m18.She’sjustalittleperson.””以及常理可知，大多數(shù)人面對這樣的情況都會感到害怕，而這個小女孩卻沒有。故選A。19．考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：它堪稱經(jīng)典，永不過時。A.acceptable可接受的；B.suitable適合的；C.hopeless無望的；D.timeless永恒的。根據(jù)上文“Therecordinghasrepeatedlygoneviral(走紅)since2010.”以及下文“WearesogratefulthatSavannah’semergencycallisstillbeing

19.Itmakestheentirenightworthwhile.”可知，這段對話永不過時。故選D。20．考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：當時，印第安納州的一位父親撥打