PAGE1福建省廈門市重點(diǎn)高中2021-2022學(xué)年高二下學(xué)期期中考試英語選擇性必修二U3~選擇性必修三U2第一部分聽力（共兩節(jié)，滿分30分）第一節(jié)（共5小題；每小題1.5分，滿分7.5分）聽下面5段對話。每段對話后有一個(gè)小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)。聽完每段對話后，你都有10秒鐘的時(shí)間來回答有關(guān)小題和閱讀下一小題。每段對話僅讀一遍。1.Wheredoesthemanwanttospendweekendnights?A.Inacinema.B.Inarestaurant.C.Inabar.2.Whatdoestheboywanttodo?A.Playsports.B.Tidyhisroom.C.Playthepiano.3.HowmanybooksdidFrankread?A.Two.B.Three.C.Five.4.Whatdoesthemansuggestdoing?A.Buyinganewcarnow.B.Borrowingsomemoney.C.Waitingforabetterprice.5.Whatmightpreventthewomanfrombuyingthetable?A.Itsquality.B.Itsprice.C.Itsdesign.第二節(jié)（共15小題；每小題1.5分，滿分22.5分）聽下面5段對話或獨(dú)白。每段對話或獨(dú)白后有幾個(gè)小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)。聽每段對話或獨(dú)白前，你將有時(shí)間閱讀各個(gè)小題，每小題5秒鐘；聽完后，各小題將給出5秒鐘的作答時(shí)間。每段對話或獨(dú)白讀兩遍。聽第6段材料，回答第6、7題。6.Whendidthewomanstartplayingsoftball?A.InJuly.B.InSeptember.C.InNovember.7.Howdoesthewomanfeelaboutherfirstsoftballmatch?A.Embarrassed.B.Excited.C.Worried.聽第7段材料，回答第8至10題。8.WhyisJimgoingtoDoncaster?A.Tohaveameeting.B.Toattendawedding.C.Tovisitsomefriends.9.HowwillthewomangotoYorkfromDoncaster?A.Bycar.B.Byplane.C.Bycoach.10.Whatistheprobablerelationshipbetweenthespeakers?A.Neighbors.B.Classmates.C.Colleagues.聽第8段材料，回答第11至13題。11.Whatdidthewomandolastwinter?A.Shegavealecture.B.Shechangedherjob.C.Shelistenedtoalecture.12.Whoisthewoman?A.Aprogrammer.B.Asalesperson.C.Astudent.13.Whatdoesthemanmeanintheend?A.Hecancommunicatewithhisfamilyonline.B.Hedoesn’thavetimetolearncomputerskills.C.Hestayswithhisgrandchildrenafterretirement.聽第9段材料，回答第14至17題。14.Whatdoesthemanthinkofthechild’squestion?A.Difficult.B.Special.C.Funny.15.Whereisthewomanlivingnow?A.Nearapark.B.Intheschool.C.Nextdoortoherstudent.16.Whatdoweknowaboutthewoman’sclass?A.Theyareyoungchildren.B.Theydon’tlikethewoman.C.Theyofteninvitethewomantotheirhouses.17.Whatarethespeakersmainlytalkingabout?A.Theman’sschoollife.B.Theman’snewhouse.C.Thewoman’sworkandlife.聽第10段材料，回答第18至20題。18.Wherewilltherecyclingprogrambeheld?A.Inaschool.B.Inaresident’shouse.C.Inarecyclingcenter.19.Howlongwilltherecyclingprogramlast?A.Forfourhours.B.Forsevenhours.C.Foreighthours.20.Whydoesthespeakeraskthelistenerstobringcans?A.Tousethemincompetitionsandgames.B.Tosendthemtoarecyclingcenter.C.Toclassifythemintodifferentcategories第二部分閱讀（共兩節(jié)，滿分50分）第一節(jié)（共15小題；每小題2.5分，滿分37.5分）閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)。ABelowarethefutureoptionalmajorsforyoutotakeintoconsiderationbeforeenteringcollege.ArchitectureDegree:BachelorofArtsArchitectureisthedesignofthebuiltenvironment:buildingsandtheirsurroundings.Asaprofession,itisanart,science,andbusinesswithcareersavailableinschoolsofarchitecture,andinarchitecturalresearch.DepartmentofArchitectureDesign,101AlumniHall,Phone:513-529-7210AccountancyDegree:BachelorofScienceAccountancyisthelanguageofbusiness.Accountantsprepareprofitandlossstatements,coststudies,andtaxreports.Theycanworkforfirmsofanysize,rangingfromalargeinternationalfirmtoasmalllocalaccountingpractice,andgovernment.SchoolofBusiness,StudentServicesOffice,Phone:513-529-1712JournalismDegree:BachelorofArtsJournalismincludesthefieldsofMedia&Culture,andInteractiveMediaStudies.Inadditiontoessentialreporting,writing,andeditingskills,journalismcombinestheartofcommunicationwiththescienceofdigitaltechnology.Graduatesmaybecomemagazineeditors,reporters,orcopywriters.DepartmentofMedia,Journalism&Film,206WilliamsHall,Phone:513-529-5893AnthropologyDegree:BachelorofArtsAnthropologyisthestudyofhumans.Individualsandsocietiesarecomplexanddynamic,whichmeansanthropologycoversalotofground.Thestudyofpeoplecanleadtoalmostanycareerpath,includingeducation,healthcare,socialwork,internationaldevelopment,governmentandhumanrelations.DepartmentofAnthropology,120UphamHall,Phone:513-529-83991.Whichofthefollowingdirectlyinvolvestheartofcommunication?A.Architecture. B.Accountancy. C.Journalism. D.Anthropology.2.Whatistheuniqueadvantagesofmajoringinanthropology?A.Graduateswillreceivefurthereducationforfree.B.GraduateswillreceiveaBachelorofArtsdegree.C.Graduatescanapplyforapositioningovernment.D.Graduateshaveawiderrangeofjobchances.3.Whoisthepassagemostlikelyintendedfor?A.Ordinaryjobhunters. B.Seniorhighschoolgraduates.C.Collegestudents. D.Primaryschoolstudents.【答案】1.C2.D3.B【解析】【導(dǎo)語】這是一篇應(yīng)用文。文章主要介紹了四個(gè)大學(xué)專業(yè)的情況。【1題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)Journalism部分中“Inadditiontoessentialreporting,writing,andeditingskills,journalismcombinestheartofcommunicationwiththescienceofdigitaltechnology.(除了基本的報(bào)道、寫作和編輯技能外，新聞還將溝通藝術(shù)與數(shù)字技術(shù)科學(xué)結(jié)合起來)”可知，新聞直接涉及到溝通的藝術(shù)。故選C。【2題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)Anthropology部分中“Thestudyofpeoplecanleadtoalmostanycareerpath,includingeducation,healthcare,socialwork,internationaldevelopment,governmentandhumanrelations.(對人的研究幾乎可以通向任何職業(yè)道路，包括教育、衛(wèi)生保健、社會工作、國際發(fā)展、政府和人際關(guān)系)”可知，人類學(xué)專業(yè)的獨(dú)特優(yōu)勢是畢業(yè)生有更廣泛的就業(yè)機(jī)會。故選D?！?題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第一段“Belowarethefutureoptionalmajorsforyoutotakeintoconsiderationbeforeenteringcollege.(以下是你在進(jìn)入大學(xué)之前需要考慮的未來的可選專業(yè))”結(jié)合文章主要介紹了一些大學(xué)的專業(yè)，以及其專業(yè)特點(diǎn)?？赏浦@篇文章最可能是寫給高中畢業(yè)生的。故選B。BIhadjustdeliveredamemorizedspeechthatIhadlaboredoverformonthsandIwasabouttolearnhowtheexpertsjudgedmyperformance.Thepoliteaudienceleanedforwardintheirfoldingchairs.Silencefellacrosstheroomandthedrumrolledinmymind.Thecontestorganizerannouncedthethird-placewinner.Alas,thenamewasnotmine.Thenthesecond,andonceagainitwasnotme.Atlast,themomentoftruthcame.EitherIwasabouttobebathedinthewarmthofvictoryorregrettedthelastseveralmonthsspentpreparing.Whileneitherofthesecametopass,myheartjustsank.Losingisapartoflife,butitwasanindescribabledepressiontodrive200milesroundtrip,getupearlyonafreezingSaturdaymorning,andyetstillfinishfourthoutoffourcontestants.AfterLincolnlostthe1858IllinoisSenaterace,hereportedlysaid,“Ifeltlikethe12-year-oldboywhostubbedhistoe.Iwastoobigtocryandithurttoobadtolaugh.”O(jiān)hyeah,Icouldrelate.Monthsbeforethecontest,IhadspenthoursinfrontofacomputerandinlibrariesdoingresearchfortheLincolnBicentennialSpeechContest.AsIreadthroughseveralbiographies,oneideastoodout:Lincolnwashandedmanysounddefeats,butheneverallowedthemtopermanentlystophisspiritorambition.Ithought“failingsuccessfully”wasaveryappropriatetopic,giventhemanyletdownsLincolnexperienced,andsothisbecamethetitleofmyspeech.Nevermindthelostprizemoneyandpraise—Ididgainanewperspective.ThroughlearningaboutLincoln,IdiscoveredthatIcouldfailsuccessfully.Now,wheneverI’mfacedwithafailure,IrememberwhatLincolnsaidafterhisunsuccessful1854Senaterace,“Thepathwaswornandslippery.Myfootslippedfromunderme,knockingtheotheroutoftheway,butIrecoveredandsaidtomyself,‘It’saslipandnotafall.’”4.Howdidtheauthorfeelwhenwaitingfortheannouncementoftheresult?A.Relieved. B.Thrilled. C.Nervous. D.Desperate.5.WhydidtheauthormentionLincoln’sfailuresinSenaterace?A.ToshowLincoln’sdeterminationtowinSenaterace.B.TopresenthisresearchfindingsofLincoln’sbiographies.C.Tocomparewhattheyhadincommonintheirexperiences.D.ToindicatethathedrewinspirationfromLincoln’sfailures.6.What’stheauthor’sattitudetowardsthelostprizemoneyandpraise?A.Favorable. B.Optimistic. C.Concerned. D.Amazed.7.Whatcanbeasuitabletitleforthetext?A.ASuccessfulFailure B.ASlipperyPathC.AnUnexpectedSpeech D.AnImpressiveExample【答案】4.C5.D6.B7.A【解析】【導(dǎo)語】這是一篇夾敘夾議文。本文講述了作者參加演講比賽落敗后，感悟到失敗并不意味著所有的努力都白費(fèi)了，一個(gè)人也可以“成功地失敗”，收獲的不一定非得是獎(jiǎng)金和贊揚(yáng)，也可以是一種新的觀點(diǎn)和感悟?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段中“Silencefellacrosstheroomandthedrumrolledinmymind.(室內(nèi)一片寂靜，我的心里打起了鼓)”可知，作者心里開始打鼓，說明作者在等待結(jié)果公布的時(shí)候非常緊張。故選C?！?題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段中“ThroughlearningaboutLincoln,IdiscoveredthatIcouldfailsuccessfully.Now,wheneverI’mfacedwithafailure,IrememberwhatLincolnsaidafterhisunsuccessful1854Senaterace,“Thepathwaswornandslippery.Myfootslippedfromunderme,knockingtheotheroutoftheway,butIrecoveredandsaidtomyself,‘It’saslipandnotafall.’”(通過了解林肯，我發(fā)現(xiàn)我可以成功地失敗。現(xiàn)在，每當(dāng)我面臨失敗時(shí)，我記得林肯在1854年參議員競選失敗后說過的話：“此路破敗不堪又容易滑倒。我一只腳滑了一跤，另一只腳也因而站不穩(wěn)，但我回過氣來告訴自己‘這是滑倒，不是摔倒?！?”可推知，作者提到林肯在參議員競選中的失敗是為了表明他從林肯的失敗中汲取了靈感。故選D?！?題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段中“Nevermindthelostprizemoneyandpraise—Ididgainanewperspective.(雖然失去了獎(jiǎng)金和贊美，但我確實(shí)獲得了一個(gè)新的視角)”可推知，作者對失去的獎(jiǎng)金和贊揚(yáng)持樂觀態(tài)度。故選B?！?題詳解】主旨大意題。根據(jù)第三段中“Losingisapartoflife,butitwasanindescribabledepressiontodrive200milesroundtrip,getupearlyonafreezingSaturdaymorning,andyetstillfinishfourthoutoffourcontestants.(失敗是生活的一部分，但開車往返200英里，在寒冷的周六早上早早起床，卻仍然在四名選手中獲得第四名，這是一種難以形容的沮喪)”以及倒數(shù)第二段中“Ithought“failingsuccessfully”wasaveryappropriatetopic,giventhemanyletdownsLincolnexperienced,andsothisbecamethetitleofmyspeech.(我認(rèn)為“成功地失敗”是一個(gè)非常合適的話題，考慮到林肯經(jīng)歷過的許多挫折，所以這就成了我演講的題目)”結(jié)合本文講述了作者參加演講比賽落敗后，感悟到失敗并不意味著所有的努力都白費(fèi)了，一個(gè)人也可以“成功地失敗”，收獲的不一定非得是獎(jiǎng)金和贊揚(yáng)，也可以是一種新的觀點(diǎn)和感悟?？芍?，A選項(xiàng)“成功的失敗”最符合文章標(biāo)題。故選A。CAmazingandperfectlybeautiful,TheMidnightLibraryiseverythingyou’dexpectfromthegeniusstoryteller,MattHaig.Ipickeditupfromourreaders’recommendations(weaskedourreaderstosendinsomeoftheirfavoriterecentbooks)andIcanseewhyitwonBestFictionof2020intheGoodReadsChoiceAwards.ThestoryfollowsNoraSeed,awomanwhoisstrugglingandfeelslikenothinginherlifehasgoneaccordingtoplan.Whiletheinitialchaptersofthebookarequitesad,NorafindsherselfgivenachancetostartoverintheMidnightLibrary,amagicalplacefullofbooksofallthedifferentpathsherlifecouldhavetaken.Noraisforcedtostayinthelibraryandtryoutdifferentversionsofherlifeuntilshefindsthelifeshemostwantstolive.Ilovedtheideathatnodreamorforkinyourroadisinsignificant,andthattheyallleadustobecomedifferentversionsofourselves.Inonelife,NoraisanOlympicswimmer.Inanother,sheisaglaciologistlivingonaboatoffthecoastofAntarctica.Thenovelrevealsinabeautifulwaythatthepotentialweallhavewithinusisimpossibletomeasure,andthatwehavethepossibilitytobehappyinmanydifferentversionsoflife.Italsodiscusseshowdangerousitcanbetoliveyourlifewithregrets.TheMidnightLibraryrevealedtoNorathatevenifyoumakeverydifferentchoices,youmayuncoveradeeperappreciationforyourcurrenthomeandthepeopleinyourlife.Itisyourperspectivethatmatters.Ireallylovedthefantasyandmagicalrealisminthisnovel,andIwouldloveforthistobeturnedintoaserieswherewegettoexploreTheMidnightLibraryofothercharacters’livesaswell.8.Whatcanweknowabouttheauthorofthetext?A.Heshouldbeaneditor. B.HeisthefriendofMattHaig.C.Magicalrealismbooksarehisfavorite. D.HesharesasimilarexperiencewithNora.9.WhatdoesTheMidnightLibrarymainlydiscuss?A.Amagiclibrary. B.Theharmofregret.C.Theexplorationoflife. D.Waystomakecorrectchoices.10.Wherecanthetextbefound?A.Inanovel. B.Inamagazine. C.Inahistorybook. D.Inabiography.11.Whatisthepurposeofthetext?A.Tothankreaderswhointroducedthebook. B.TohonourMattHaig,theauthorofthebook.C.Tosharetheauthor’sopinionsonthebook. D.Topublicizethebooktopeoplewhoarestruggling.【答案】8.A9.C10.B11.C【解析】【導(dǎo)語】這是一篇說明文。文章主要介紹了《午夜圖書館》這本書，講述了故事內(nèi)容以及這本書帶給作者的感悟?！?題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段“Ireallylovedthefantasyandmagicalrealisminthisnovel,andIwouldloveforthistobeturnedintoaserieswherewegettoexploreTheMidnightLibraryofothercharacters’livesaswell.(我真的很喜歡這部小說中的幻想和魔幻現(xiàn)實(shí)主義，我希望它能被改編成一個(gè)系列，讓我們也能探索《午夜圖書館》中其他角色的生活)”可推知，這篇文章的作者可能是一名編輯。故選A?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段中“Thenovelrevealsinabeautifulwaythatthepotentialweallhavewithinusisimpossibletomeasure,andthatwehavethepossibilitytobehappyinmanydifferentversionsoflife.(這部小說以一種美麗的方式揭示了我們所有人內(nèi)在的潛力是無法衡量的，我們有可能在不同的生活版本中獲得幸福)”可知，《午夜圖書館》主要討論生命的探索。故選C?！?0題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第一段“Amazingandperfectlybeautiful,TheMidnightLibraryiseverythingyou’dexpectfromthegeniusstoryteller,MattHaig.Ipickeditupfromourreaders’recommendations(weaskedourreaderstosendinsomeoftheirfavoriterecentbooks)andIcanseewhyitwonBestFictionof2020intheGoodReadsChoiceAwards.(《午夜圖書館》令人驚嘆，完美無瑕，是你期待從天才說書人馬特·黑格那里看到的一切。我從讀者推薦的書中挑選了這本書（我們讓讀者寄來一些他們最近最喜歡的書），我可以理解為什么這本書能獲得2020年最佳閱讀選擇獎(jiǎng)的最佳小說獎(jiǎng))”結(jié)合文章主要介紹了《午夜圖書館》這本書，講述了故事內(nèi)容以及這本書帶給作者的感悟?？赏浦?，文章可能選自雜志。故選B?！?1題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第三段中“Ilovedtheideathatnodreamorforkinyourroadisinsignificant,andthattheyallleadustobecomedifferentversionsofourselves.(我喜歡這個(gè)想法，沒有夢想，沒有岔路口是微不足道的，它們都能讓我們成為不同版本的自己)”以及倒數(shù)第二段“Italsodiscusseshowdangerousitcanbetoliveyourlifewithregrets.TheMidnightLibraryrevealedtoNorathatevenifyoumakeverydifferentchoices,youmayuncoveradeeperappreciationforyourcurrenthomeandthepeopleinyourlife.Itisyourperspectivethatmatters.(它還討論了生活中充滿遺憾是多么危險(xiǎn)?！段缫箞D書館》通過諾拉揭示了，即使你做出了非常不同的選擇，你也可能會對你現(xiàn)在的家和生活中的人有更深的感激之情。重要的是你的觀點(diǎn))”可推知，這篇文章的目的是分享作者對這本書的看法。故選C。DNotplaisaLondon-basedfirmthatmakesaseaweed-basedsubstituteforsingleuseplasticpackaging.AlthoughsomeofNotpla'sproductsaresuitabletobeeaten,theyaredesignedtobedissolved(溶解)afterusage.Thecompanysfilmwrapismadeofseaweedlininginsteadofaconventionalplasticbasedcoating.Thismakesthefilmfullybiodegradableandidealforuseaspackagingforcupboardandbathroomsupplieslikecoffeeandtoiletpaper.AccordingtotheUnitedNations,331millionkilogramsofplasticgarbageisproducedannuallyaroundtheworld.Roughly60%oftheestimated9.15billiontonsofplasticproducedsincetheearly1950shasbeentakentolandfillsorabandonedoutdoors.Plasticsharmthewater,theair,andourbodies.Manyexpertsagreethatsingle-useplasticsareunnecessaryanddangerous.SomegovernmentsandtownsintheUniteStateshavetakenaction.NewYorkhasbannedmostplasticshoppingbags,whileplasticstraws(吸管)havebeenbannedinMiamiBeach.Overseas,IndiastatedinAugustthatitplanstoputawidebanonsingle-useplasticsthisupcomingsummer,withtheEuropeanUnionalreadyimplementingthisban.Seaweedcomesinavarietyofspeciesandcanbeharvestedorfarmed.Notplausesplantsthathavebeenfarmed.RodrigoGarciaGonzalezandPierrePaslie,theinventorsofNotpla,initiallyconsideredseaweedasasolutiontotheworld'splasticproblemforseveralreasons.Seaweedisabundantandgrowsquickly.Additionallyitdoesn'tcompetewithlandcropsandishighlyfavoredforitsabilitytoremovesomewasteproductslikecarbonfromtheatmosphere.IncooperationwiththeonlinefoodorderingserviceJustEat,thestartuprecentlytesteditsproduct.Lastyear,thetwocompanieshandedout30,000takeawayboxesatvariousUKrestaurants.PlansareintheworkstooffertheboxesacrossEuropein2022.Notpla'steamintendstoreplacesingleuseplasticinthesupplychainmoregenerallyastheyscaleThecompanyrecognizesthedifficultyofsuchajobgiventhevolumeofplasticsconsumedaroundtheworld.12.Howdoestheauthormainlydevelopparagraph2?A.Bycomparingfacts.B.Bypresentingfigures.C.Byraisingquestions.D.Bygivingexamples.13.Whatcanbestreplacetheunderlinedword"implementing"inparagraph3?A.Lifting.B.Protecting.C.Opposing.D.Performing.14.Whatdoesparagraph4mainlytalkabout?A.Thewideuseofseaweed.B.Thenextgoalofthenewstudy.C.Thehugemarketoftheplasticbags.DTheadvantagesofchoosingseaweed.15.Whatdoesthecompanythinkofitsplantoreplacethewholesingleuseplastic?A.Itwillbeunpractical.B.Itwillberichlyrewarded.C.Itwillbealittletough.D.Itwillberathersuccessful.【答案】12.B13.D14.D15.C【解析】【導(dǎo)語】這是一篇說明文。文章主要介紹了Notpla研究生產(chǎn)的以海藻為基礎(chǔ)的一次性塑料包裝替代品，介紹了其意義、可行性及前景。【12題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第二段“AccordingtotheUnitedNations,331millionkilogramsofplasticgarbageisproducedannuallyaroundtheworld.Roughly60%oftheestimated9.15billiontonsofplasticproducedsincetheearly1950shasbeentakentolandfillsorabandonedoutdoors.(據(jù)聯(lián)合國統(tǒng)計(jì)，全球每年產(chǎn)生3.31億公斤塑料垃圾。自20世紀(jì)50年代初以來，估計(jì)生產(chǎn)了91.5億噸塑料，其中大約60%被送到了垃圾填埋場或被丟棄在戶外)”可知，作者引用了大量的數(shù)據(jù)去說明全球塑料垃圾的龐大數(shù)量及其處理方式，所以作者是通過列舉數(shù)據(jù)進(jìn)行段落安排的。故選B項(xiàng)?！?3題詳解】詞句猜測題。根據(jù)第三段“Overseas,IndiastatedinAugustthatitplanstoputawidebanonsingle-useplasticsthisupcomingsummer,withtheEuropeanUnionalreadyimplementingthisban.(在海外，印度8月份表示，計(jì)劃在即將到來的夏天全面禁止使用一次性塑料，歐盟已經(jīng)implementing了這一禁令)”可知，印度和歐盟都準(zhǔn)備或已經(jīng)禁止使用一次性塑料，再結(jié)合劃線后的“禁令”可知，implement的含義應(yīng)為“實(shí)施”，與perform“執(zhí)行”的含義接近。故選D項(xiàng)?！?4題詳解】主旨大意題。根據(jù)第四段“Seaweedcomesinavarietyofspeciesandcanbeharvestedorfarmed.Notplausesplantsthathavebeenfarmed.RodrigoGarciaGonzalezandPierrePaslie,theinventorsofNotpla,initiallyconsideredseaweedasasolutiontotheworld'splasticproblemforseveralreasons.Seaweedisabundantandgrowsquickly.Additionallyitdoesn'tcompetewithlandcropsandishighlyfavoredforitsabilitytoremovesomewasteproductslikecarbonfromtheatmosphere.(海藻種類繁多，可以收獲或養(yǎng)殖。Notpla使用種植過的植物。諾普拉(Notpla)的發(fā)明者RodrigoGarciaGonzalez和PierrePaslie最初認(rèn)為海藻可以解決世界塑料問題，原因有幾個(gè)。海藻豐富，生長迅速。此外，它不與土地作物競爭，并因其從大氣中清除碳等廢物的能力而備受青睞)”可知，本段主要介紹了使用海藻為原料所具備的優(yōu)勢。故選D項(xiàng)?！?5題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)最后一段“Thecompanyrecognizesthedifficultyofsuchajobgiventhevolumeofplasticsconsumedaroundtheworld.(考慮到全球塑料消耗量，該公司承認(rèn)這一工作的難度)”可知，因?yàn)槿蛩芰舷木薮?，所以該公司認(rèn)為要完全替代一次性塑料的計(jì)劃是存在困難的。故選C項(xiàng)。第二節(jié)（共5小題；每小題2.5分，滿分12.5分）閱讀下面短文，從短文后的選項(xiàng)中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。選項(xiàng)中有兩項(xiàng)為多余選項(xiàng)。Foodisadeeplyrootedexpressionofidentity,valuesandwaysoflife.____16____Thatis,eatingisanelementofcommongroundintermsofhumanexistenceandanexperiencethatbringspeopletogether.Foodisfamilytreasureinthewayrecipesarepassedonfromonegenerationtoanother,maintainingfamilyconnectionandculturalandgeographicalancestrallinks.Foodisanexpression.Whatwecookisanexpressionofwhoweareandwherewecomefrom.____17____Thetraditionalmealsofaplacetouchonidentityandancestry.Everydestinationhasadishorcuisineassociatedwithit,whichisfixedoncultureandidentity.Youmaynotknowit,butthatiswhyexperiencingthelocaldishesofanewplaceusuallytopsone'sto-dolistinaforeignland.Eatingalocaldishisawaytoconnectwiththelocalpeople.____18____Foodissymbolic.Homeiswheretheheartisandinsensoryresponsetofood,familiarflavorarouseshomesickness.____19____Theordinarysmelloffoodtakesonebacktoparticulartimesinthepast.Thebeautifulandmerryessenceofeatingwithfamilyandfriendsfromhomeaddstothepleasanttastesofmeals.____20____Foodandfoodhabitsserveasaculturechannelofdisplayofaffectionandemotionalassociationandthesharingofdelicious,nutritionalfoodsignalsabridgeofclosenessandacceptance.A.Eatingfoodisauniversalexperience.B.Acceptingfoodishard.C.Foodisthereforeareminderoffondmemoriesofhome.D.Foodislargelyculturalaswellasnutritional.E.Food,however,sometimesgivesusbademotionalexperiences.F.Thisisobviousinhowseafoodispopularwiththecoastalpeople.G.Itisoneoftheinteractionsandprocessesofconnectingwiththepeople.【答案】16.A17.F18.G19.C20.D【解析】【分析】這是一篇說明文。文章主要介紹了食物和文化之間的關(guān)系。【詳解】1.根據(jù)下文“Thatis,eatingisanelementofcommongroundintermsofhumanexistenceandanexperiencethatbringspeopletogether.”(也就是說，吃是人類存在的的共同基礎(chǔ)，是一種讓人們走到一起的體驗(yàn))可知，下文是對空處的解釋，二者意思相近，選項(xiàng)A“Eatingfoodisauniversalexperience.”(吃東西是一種普遍的體驗(yàn)。)符合，故選A。2.根據(jù)上文“Whatwecookisanexpressionofwhoweareandwherewecomefrom.”(我們所烹飪的食物顯示了我們的身份和出處)可知，空處承接上文，F(xiàn)選項(xiàng)“Thisisobviousinhowseafoodispopularwiththecoastalpeople.”(這從沿海人們喜歡海鮮就能看出來）是具體例子來解釋說明，食物展示了我們的身份和出處，同時(shí)也符合本段主旨。故選F。3.根據(jù)上文“Eatingalocaldishisawaytoconnectwiththelocalpeople.”(吃當(dāng)?shù)氐牟耸呛彤?dāng)?shù)厝寺?lián)系的一種方法)可知，選項(xiàng)G“Itisoneoftheinteractionsandprocessesofconnectingwiththepeople.”(它是一種與人聯(lián)系的互動(dòng)和過程)符合語境，選項(xiàng)中中的it代指前面的這句話，是具體解釋吃當(dāng)?shù)夭撕彤?dāng)?shù)厝说穆?lián)系是什么，故選G。4.根據(jù)上文“Foodissymbolic,Homeiswheretheheartisandinsensoryresponsetofood,familiarflavorarouseshomesickness.”(家是心所在的地方，在對食物的感官反應(yīng)中，熟悉的味道會引起思鄉(xiāng)之情)可知，空處承接上文，選項(xiàng)C“Foodisthereforeareminderoffondmemoriesofhome.”(因此，食物能喚起人們對家鄉(xiāng)的美好回憶)符合語境，對上文內(nèi)容做出總結(jié)，選項(xiàng)中的memoriesofhome呼應(yīng)上文的homesickness。故選C。5.空處為本段主旨句。根據(jù)下文“Foodandfoodhabitsserveasaculturechannelofdisplayofaffectionandemotionalassociationandthesharingofdelicious,nutritionalfoodsignalsabridgeofclosenessandacceptance.”(食物和飲食習(xí)慣是表達(dá)情感和情感聯(lián)系的文化渠道，而分享美味，營養(yǎng)的食物則是親密和接受的橋梁)可知，此段主要是從文化和營養(yǎng)兩方面談?wù)撌澄铮x項(xiàng)D“Foodislargelyculturalaswellasnutritional.”(食物在很大程度上既有文化性，也有營養(yǎng)性)可以作為主旨句，故選D。第三部分語言運(yùn)用（共兩節(jié)，滿分30分）第一節(jié)（共15小題；每小題1分，滿分15分）閱讀下面短文,從短文后各題所給的A、B、C和D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中,選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。Mymomisabouttohaveaspinal(脊柱的)operation.Theoperationis___21___minor,butdoescarryariskofparalysis(癱瘓).Friendsandfamilyhave___22___tothisnewsbytalkinginsuchpessimistictermsthatMomhascometo___23___thiskindoftalkas“psychologicaltheft”.Itoccurswhenotherpeopleincreaseyouranxiety___24___providingcomfort.LastweekMom___25___Geoffwhoworksforthelocalschool.“Howareyou?”heasked.“Notgreat,”shereplied,“IhavebeenhavingsometroublewithmybackandI’mgoingtoneeda(n)___26___.”“Oh,thebackthemost___27___placetooperateon!Mymomhadthatandshewasinterriblepain.”Heresponded.Geoff’s___28___hadbeenkind.He’dgivenhisownmother’sstorytoshowsympathy,___29___Momonlyhearddangerandpain.Peoplecouldhave___30___thingsthatwouldbeequallytrue,butmore___31___topatients.“Thespecialistsinourhospitalsareamongthebestintheworld.”—that’sagoodone.“You’regoingtofeelmuchbetter___32___.”—that’sanother.I’mnotsuggestingpatientsshouldbe___33___fromtherealityoftherisksthey’retaking.Butifthedecisiontohaveanoperationcan’treallybe___34___,what’sthepurposeofstressingthe___35___?It’sjustcommonsensetosay,“Getwellsoon,andhowcanIhelp?”21.A.definitely B.unusually C.relatively D.typically22.A.listened B.objected C.stuck D.reacted23.A.choose B.label C.employ D.mistake24.A.inneedof B.infavorof C.insteadof D.regardlessof25.A.raninto B.learntabout C.heardof D.turnedto26.A.comfort B.operation C.break D.escape27.A.secure B.dangerous C.common D.apparent28.A.intention B.assumption C.emotion D.description29.A.because B.as C.when D.yet30.A.alternative B.reliable C.reasonable D.attractive31.A.obvious B.beneficial C.significant D.familiar32.A.occasionally B.permanently C.initially D.ultimately33.A.released B.deleted C.separated D.sheltered34.A.accepted B.made C.avoided D.reached35.A.drawbacks B.strengths C.dimensions D.procedures【答案】21.C22.D23.B24.C25.A26.B27.B28.A29.D30.A31.B32.D33.D34.C35.A【解析】【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇夾敘夾議文。作者通過講述母親手術(shù)的經(jīng)歷來告訴我們，向病人描述疾病的風(fēng)險(xiǎn)沒有意義，應(yīng)該換一種更有益的說法?！?1題詳解】考查副詞詞義辨析。句意：手術(shù)相對較小，但確實(shí)有癱瘓的風(fēng)險(xiǎn)。A.definitely確定地；B.unusually特別地；C.relatively相對地；D.typically典型地。根據(jù)下文“butdoescarryariskofparalysis(癱瘓)”可知，手術(shù)小是相對而言，但還是有高風(fēng)險(xiǎn)。故選C項(xiàng)?！?2題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：朋友和家人對這個(gè)消息的反應(yīng)是如此悲觀，以至于媽媽把這種談話稱為“心理盜竊”。A.listened聽；B.objected反對；C.stuck粘，貼；D.reacted反應(yīng)。根據(jù)下文“bytalkinginsuchpessimisticterms”可知，這是朋友和家人的反應(yīng)。故選D項(xiàng)?！?3題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：同上。A.choose選擇；B.label貼標(biāo)簽，把……稱為；C.employ雇用；D.mistake誤解。根據(jù)“as‘psychologicaltheft’.”可知，這是作者媽媽把這種談話稱為“psychologicaltheft”。故選B項(xiàng)?！?4題詳解】考查介詞短語辨析。句意：當(dāng)別人增加你的焦慮而不是提供安慰時(shí)，就會發(fā)生這種情況。A.inneedof需要；B.infavorof支持；C.insteadof而不是；D.regardlessof不顧。根據(jù)“increaseyouranxiety”可知，這種談話帶來的是焦慮，而不是安慰。故選C項(xiàng)?！?5題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞短語辨析。句意：上周媽媽遇到了在當(dāng)?shù)貙W(xué)校工作的杰夫。A.raninto偶遇；B.learntabout得知；C.heardof聽說；D.turnedto轉(zhuǎn)向。根據(jù)下文作者媽媽和Geoff對話可知，媽媽遇到了Geoff。故選A項(xiàng)。26題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：我的背一直有些問題，我需要做個(gè)手術(shù)。A.comfort安慰；B.operation手術(shù)；C.break裂縫；D.escape逃跑。根據(jù)第一段“Mymomisabouttohaveaspinal(脊柱的)operation.”可知，媽媽告訴Geoff她需要做手術(shù)。故選B項(xiàng)?！?7題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：背部是最危險(xiǎn)的手術(shù)部位。A.secure安全的；B.dangerous危險(xiǎn)的；C.common共同的；D.apparent顯而易見的。根據(jù)下文“Mymomhadthatandshewasinterriblepain.”可知，Geoff在講背部手術(shù)的危險(xiǎn)和帶來的痛苦。故選B項(xiàng)。28題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：杰夫的本意是善良的。A.intention目的；B.assumption假定；C.emotion情緒；D.description描述。根據(jù)下文“He’dgivenhisownmother’sstorytoshowsympathy”可知，Geoff的本意是表達(dá)同情，所以是善良的。故選A項(xiàng)。【29題詳解】考查連詞詞義辨析。句意：為了表示同情，他講述了自己母親的故事，但母親只聽到了危險(xiǎn)和痛苦。A.because因?yàn)椋籅.as當(dāng)……時(shí)候；C.when當(dāng)……時(shí)候；D.yet然而。根據(jù)下文“Momonlyhearddangerandpain”可知，Geoff的話讓媽媽感到危險(xiǎn)和痛苦，與他的本意不一樣，上下文有轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系。故選D項(xiàng)。【30題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：人們可以有其他的選擇，同樣正確，但對病人更有益。A.alternative可替代的；B.reliable可替代的；C.reasonable合情理的；D.attractive吸引人的。根據(jù)下文“thatwouldbeequallytrue,butmore11topatients.”可知，除了說Geoff一樣的話，我們有還有其它可替代的選擇。故選A項(xiàng)?！?1題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：同上。A.obvious明顯的；B.beneficial有益的；C.significant重要的；D.familiar熟悉的。根據(jù)下文的舉例“Thespecialistsinourhospitalsareamongthebestintheworld.”和“You’regoingtofeelmuchbetter”可知，這種說法更能讓人接受，能給病人帶來好處。故選B項(xiàng)?！?2題詳解】考查副詞詞義辨析。句意：最終你會感覺好很多。A.occasionally偶然；B.permanently永久地；C.initially最初；D.ultimately最終。根據(jù)“You’regoingto”可知，說的是將要發(fā)生的事情，所以最終會好起來的。故選D項(xiàng)?！?3題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：我并不是說病人應(yīng)該躲避他們所承擔(dān)的現(xiàn)實(shí)風(fēng)險(xiǎn)。A.released釋放；B.deleted刪除；C.separated分開；D.sheltered躲避，避難。根據(jù)“I’mnotsuggesting”和“fromtherealityoftherisks”可推知，作者認(rèn)為病人不應(yīng)該對風(fēng)險(xiǎn)視而不見，不應(yīng)該躲避風(fēng)險(xiǎn)。故選D項(xiàng)?！?4題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：但是，如果真的不能避免手術(shù)的決定，強(qiáng)調(diào)問題又有什么用呢？A.accepted接受；B.made制造；C.avoided避免；D.reached抵達(dá)。根據(jù)“thedecisiontohaveanoperationcan’treallybe”可知，作者假設(shè)如果手術(shù)不能避免的情況。故選C項(xiàng)?！?5題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：但是，如果真的不能避免手術(shù)的決定，強(qiáng)調(diào)不利條件又有什么用呢？。A.drawbacks不利條件；B.strengths優(yōu)勢；C.dimensions方面；D.procedures程序。根據(jù)上文可知，作者認(rèn)為向病人描述疾病的風(fēng)險(xiǎn)沒有意義，應(yīng)該換一種更有益的說法，句中說如果手術(shù)不能避免，強(qiáng)調(diào)疾病的問題和風(fēng)險(xiǎn)有什么意義呢？drawbacks表示“不利條件”。故選A項(xiàng)。第二節(jié)（共10題；每題1.5分，滿分15分）閱讀下面短文，在空白處填入1個(gè)適當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~或括號內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。LiDaiyuandhercousinLiuQiandecided____36____(fly)toVancouverandthentakethetrain.Beforestartingout,theyspent____37____coupleofdaysinVancouver,seeingthesights.Duringthefirstday,____38____istypicalofVancouver,itrained.Thenextmorning,thetwogirls____39____(arise)earlytotakethetraintoLakeLouise,passingthroughtheCanadianRockies.Inaddition____40____seeingspectacularmountainpeaksandfores