大學(xué)英語四級模擬試卷192

一、作文（本題共7題，每題7.0分，共7分。）

1、Forthispari,youareallowed30minutestowriteacompositiononthetopicChanges

inCollegeStudents'WaysofSpendingSummerVacation.Yourcompositionshouldbe

basedontheinformationgivenintable.Youshouldwritenolessthan120words

accordingtothefollowingoutline:1.Statethechangesbriefly;2.Givethepossible

reasonsforthechanges;3.Predictthetrendofchanges.Ways1990s2000sStayingat

home55%32%Traveling16%30%Doingsocialinvestigations9%28%Otherways

20%10%

標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：ChangesinCollegeStudents5WaysofSpendingSummerVacationFrom

thetablewecanseethatinthepasttenyearsthenumberofstudentswhogotraveling

anddosocialinvestigationduringsummervacationhasincreasedgreatlywhilethatof

thosewhostayathomehasdecreasedalot.Thepossiblereasonsforthisareasfollows.

Tobeginwith,withthedevelopmentofeconomymanypeoplehavebecomerich.More

andmorestudentsareabletogetfinancialsupportfromtheirparentsfortraveling.Also,

tourismhasgreatlydevelopedoverthepasttenyears.Manynewscenicspotshavebeen

constructed.Secondly,theopendoorpolicyhasbroughtinfromiheoutsideworldmine

newideasonpoliticsandeconomyandhascausedgreatchangesinChina,sothe

governmenthasbeenencouragingcollegestudentstodoinvestigationsontherapid

developmentinbothurbanandruralareas.Itcanbepredicatedthatmoreandmore

collegestudentswillmaketheirsummervacationinterestingandmeaningfulbygoingto

theoutsideworldinsteadofstayingathome.

知識點解析：這是一篇給出英文提綱的圖表式說明文。根據(jù)提綱要求，文章首段

點明十年間大學(xué)生過暑假方式的變化：去旅行和做社會調(diào)杳的人數(shù)大大增加，而待

在家里的人數(shù)大大減少。第二段作者分析了這種變化的原因，認(rèn)為最大的可能是許

多家庭的收入增長了，父母能支付孩子去旅行；其二是經(jīng)濟(jì)開放政策給政治和經(jīng)濟(jì)

方面帶來了很大的變化，政府鼓勵大學(xué)生去做社會調(diào)查了解城市和農(nóng)村的發(fā)展。在

第三段作者預(yù)測越來越多的大學(xué)生會在暑假走出家門，使暑假更有樂趣和意義。

文章條理清晰，層次分明，是一篇規(guī)范的圖表式因果法作文。

二、快速閱讀理解（本題共70題，每題7.0分，共70

分。）

NaturalgasVehiclesKermittheFrogoncesaid,"It'snotthateasybeinggreen."Although

hewasn'treferringtocars,hisobservationseemsparticularlyappropriatefortheauto

industrytoday:Designing,developingandmarketing"green“carshasnotbeenaneasy

task,whichiswhygasolinepoweredvehiclesstillruletheroadandfossilfuelsstillac

countforalmost75percentoftheworld'senergyconsumption.Asgasolinepricessoar

andconcernoverharmfulemissionmounts,however,carsthatrunonalternatefuel

sourceswillbecomeincreasinglyimportant.Anaturalgasvehicle,orNGV,istheperfect

exampleofsuchacaritsfuelefficient,environmentallyfriendlyandoffersarelatively

lowcostofownership.NaturalGasBasicsTheword"gas"isaconfusingtermbecauseit

isusedtodescribemanydifferentsubstancesthataresimilarhutnotexactlythesame.

Forexample,the"gas"youputinyourcarisgasoline,onecomponentofcrudeoil,or

petroleum.Petroleumisadark,stickyliquidmixtureofcompoundsformedunderground

bytiledecayofancientmarineanimals.Naturalgasalsocranesfromthedecayofancient

organisms,butitnaturallytakesagaseousforminsteadofaliquidform.Naturalgas

commonlyoccursinassociationwithcrudeoil.Itisderivedfrombothlandplantsand

aquatic(水中的)organicmatterandformsaboveorbelowoildeposits.Itisoften

dissolvedincrudeoilatthehighpressuresexistinginareservoir.Therearealso

reservoirsofnaturalgas,knownasnonassociatedgas,thatcontainonlygasandnooil.

Naturalgasconsistsprimarilyofmelhane(甲烷)andotherhydrocarbongases.

Hydrocarbonsareorganiccompoundscomposedonlyoftheelementscarbonand

hydrogen.Thehydrocarbonsinnaturalgasarecalledsaturatedhydrocarbonsbecause

theycontainhydrogenandcarbonboundtogetherbysinglebonds.Likegasoline,natural

gasiscombustible,whichmeansitcanbeusedinacombustionenginelikegasoline.But

carsthatcouldburnnaturalgasdidn'tappearonthesceneuntilthe1930s.FromFieldto

FordWcextractnaturalgastrappedinundergroundreservoirsbydrillingwellsintoihc

earth.Amodemwell,equippedwithdiamondstuddeddrillbits,candrilltodepths

approaching25,000feet.Throughoutthe19lhcentury,theuseofnaturalgasremained

localizedbecausetherewasnowaytotransportlargequantitiesofgasoverlong

distances.In1890,theinventionofaleakproofpipelinecouplingmadeitpossibleto

transportgasmilesfromthesource,Improvementsinpipelinetechnologycontinuedover

thenexttwodecadesconstructedmorethan10majornaturalgastransmissionsystemsin

theUnitedStates,makingnaturalgasaviableenergysourceformanyapplications.The

oilshortagesofthelate1960sandearly1970sbroughtrenewedinterestinnaturalgasas

afuelsource,especiallyforautomobiles.Today,ownersofnaturalgasvehiclescanfillup

theircarsatoneof1,300fuelingstationslocatedintheUnitedStates.Hondaalsooffers

apersonalnaturalgaspumptopeoplewhopurchaseitsnaturalgaspoweredCivic.The

pumpusesahome'sexistingnaturalgaslinesandcanbeinstalledfor$500to$1500.

NaturalgasVehicleDesignNaturalgasvehiclesusethesamebasicprinciplesasgasoline

poweredvehicles.Inotherwords,thefuel(naturalgasinthiscase)ismixedwithairin

thecylinderofafburstrokcengineandthenignitedbyasparkplugtomoveapistonup

anddown.Althoughtherearesomedifferencesbetweennaturalgasandgasolineinterms

offlammabilityandignitiontemperatures,NGVsthemselvesoperateonthesame

fundamentalconceptsasgasolinepoweredvehicles.Still,somemodificationsarerequired

tomakeanNGVworkefficiently.Thesechangesareprimarilyinthefuelstoragetank,

theengineandthechassis.AdvantagesThebiggestadvantageofNGVsisthatthey

reduceenvironmentallyharmfulemissions.Naturalgasvehiclescanachieveuptoa93

percentreductionincarbonmonoxideemissions,33percentreductioninemissionsof

variousoxidesofnitrogenanda50percentreductioninreactivehydrocarbonswhen

comparedtogasolinevehicles.NGVsalsoratehigherinparticulatematter10(PM10)

emissions.PM10particlestransportanddeposittoxicmaterialsthroughtheair.NGVs

thatoperateindieselapplicationscanreducePM10emissionsbyafactorof10.

Naturalgasvehiclesalsoofferthesebenefits:NGVsaresafer.Thefuelstoragetankson

anNGVarethickerandstrongerthangasolineordiesel(內(nèi)燃機(jī)車)tanks.Therehasnot

beenanNGVfueltankruptureinmorethantwoyearsintheUnitedStates.Naturalgas

costsarelowerthangasoline.Onaverage,naturalgascostsonethirdlessthangasolineat

thepump.Naturalgasisconvenientandabundant.Aweltestablishedpipeline

infrastructureexistsintheUnitedStatestodelivernaturalgastoalmosteveryurbanarea

andmostsuburbanareas.Therearemorethan1,300NGVfuelingstationsintheUnited

States,andmorearebeingaddedeveryday.Naturalgaspriceshaveexhibitedsignificant

stabilitycomparedtooilprices.Historically,naturalgaspriceshaveexhibitedsignificant

pricestabilitycomparedtothepricesofpetroleumbasedfuels.Thisstabilitymakesit

easiertoplanaccuratelyforlongtermcosts.NGVshavelowermaintenancecosts.

Becausenaturalgasburnssocleanly,itresultsinlessv/earandtearontheengineand

extendsthetimebetweentuneupsandoilchanges.DisadvantagesOneofthebiggest

complaintsaboutNGVsisthattheyaren'tasroomyasgasolinecars.Thisisbecause

NGVshavetogiveuppreciouscargoandtrunkspacetoaccommodatethefuelstorage

cylinders.Notonlythat,thesecylinderscanbeexpensivetodesignandbuilda

contributingfactortothehigheroverallcostsofanaturalgasvehiclecomparedtoa

gasolinepoweredcar.AnotherdrawbackisthelimiteddrivingrangeofNGVs,whichis

typicallyabouthalfthatofagasolinepoweredvehicle.Forexample,Honda'snaturalgas

Civic,iheCivicGX,cangoupto220mileswithoutrefueling.Atypicalgasolinepowered

Civiccangoapproximately350mileswithoutrefueling.IfadedicatedNGVranoutof

fuelontheroad,itwouldhavetobetowedtotheowner'shomeortoalocalnaturalgas

refuelingstation,whichmightbehardertofindthana"regular"gasstation.Finally,it

shouldbenotedthatnaturalgas,likegasoline,isafossilfuelandcannotbeconsidereda

renewableresource.WhilenaturalgasreservesintheUnitedStatesarestillconsiderable,

theyarenotinexhaustible,somepredictthatthereareenoughnaturalgasreserves

remainingtolastanother67.1years,assumingthatthe2003levelofproduction

continues.

2、ThispassageexplainsthebasicideaofNGVsandexaminesthebenefitsand

shortcomingsofthistechnology.

A、Y

B、N

C、NG

標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：A

知識點解析：本題是一道主旨題。綜合原文的標(biāo)題和各個小標(biāo)題可知，文章探討了

天然氣交通工具的基礎(chǔ)原理(basics)、發(fā)展過程、設(shè)計(design)、優(yōu)點(advantages)和

缺點(disadvantages)。因此題干說文章介紹了天然氣交通工具的基本知識和優(yōu)缺點

是正確的。

3、Naturalgasismainlymadeupofmethaneandotherhydrocarbongasses.

A、Y

B、N

C、NG

標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：A

知識點解析：本句符合文章的內(nèi)容。根據(jù)第一個小標(biāo)題下的第三段首句可知。

4、Thebasicprinciplesappliedtonaturalgasvehiclesarequitedifferentfromthose

appliedtogasolinepoweredvehicles.

A、Y

B、N

C、NG

標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：B

知識點解析：本句不符合文章的內(nèi)容。第三個小標(biāo)題中討論了天然氣交通工具的工

作原理，首句指出天然氣交通工具和汽油交通工具使用（hesamebasicprinciples,

題干的quitedifferent與原文相悖。

5、ThebiggestadvantageprovidedbyNGVsisthattheyhelpreducecaraccidentstoa

greatdegree.

A、Y

B、N

C、NG

標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：B

知識點解析：本句不符合文章的內(nèi)容。由小標(biāo)題advantages下的第一句話可知。

6、Theaveragecostofnaturalgasisonethirdlessthanthatofgasolineatthepump.

A、Y

B、N

C、NG

標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：A

知識點解析：本句符合小標(biāo)題advanlages下第四自然段的內(nèi)容。

7、NGVsaren'tasroomyasgasolinecarsbecausetheyhavetogiveupcargoandtrunk

spacetoaccommodatethefuelstoragecylinders.

A、Y

B、N

C、NG

標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：A

知識點解析：本句符合小標(biāo)題disadvantages下第一自然段的內(nèi)容。

8、TheUnitedStateshaslargeruseofNGVsthantheothercountriesinEurope.

A、Y

B、N

C、NG

標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：C

知識點解析：本句在文中沒有提到。

9、Notuntilthewerethecarsthatcouldburnnaturalgasinvented.

標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：1930s

知識點解析：從第一個小標(biāo)題下最后一段可找到答案。

10>Naturalgastrappedinundergroundreservoirsisextractedby.

標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案:drillingwellsintotheearth

知識點解析：從第二個小標(biāo)題的第一句話中可找到答案。

11、Peoplerenewedtheirinterestinnaturalgasasafuelasaresultofofthelate

1960sandearly1970s.

標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：theoilshortages

知識點解析：從第二個小標(biāo)題的第二自然段中可找到答案。

三、聽力短對話（本題共8題，每題1.0分，共8分。）

12、

A、Leaveallinthemorning.

B、Finishtheworksbeforemidnight.

C、Nottrytofinisheverythingtonight.

D、Workfrommidnighttomorning.

標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：C

知識點解析：暫無解析

13、

A、Inadepartmentstore.

B、Inapostoffice.

C、Inabank.

D^Inagrocerystore.

標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：A

知識點解析：暫無解析

14、

A^He'llprobablynotgcsinceheisbusy.

B>Hewillnotregretmissingachancelikethat.

C、He'lldefinitelygo.

D^Heissurethathewon'tgo

標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：C

知識點解析：暫無解析

15、

A、SheisveryhappythattheEnglishclasswascancelled.

Shemeanttogobutslipped.

C>Shemeanttogotoclassbutforgot.

D、Sheforgottotellhim.

標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：D

知識點解析：暫無解析

16、

A、ThemanwillmeetthewomantomoiTow.

B、Themanandthewomanhaveanappointmentat7o'clock.

C、Thewomancan'tfinishmakingthejambefore7o'clock.

D、Thewomanwon'tbeabletoseethemanthisevening.

標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：B「

知識點解析：暫無解析

17、

A、Mr.Jones'neighbor.

B、Mr.Jones'babysitter.

C^Mr.Jones'wife.

D、Astranger.

標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：A

知識點解析：暫無解析

18、

A、ShedoesnotagreewithJack.

B、Jack'sperformanceisdisappointing.

C、Mostpeoplewillfindbasketballboring.

D、ShesharesJack'sopinion.

標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：A

知識點解析：暫無解析

19、

A、Themanwenttoawrongcheckincounter.

B、Themanhasjustmissedhisflight.

C、Theplanewillleaveat9:14.

D、Theplane'sdeparturetimeremainsunknown.

標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：D

知識點解析：暫無解析

四、聽力長對話（含3小題）（本題共7題，每題7.0

分，共7分。）

20、

A、Becauseoftheirloveforhobbiesandpastimes.

B>Becauseoftheirenthusiasmforsports.

C、Becauseoftheirfearofheartattacks.

D^Becauseoftheirstrongdesireforgoodhealth.

標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：D

知識點解析：從短文語句"Thedesiretobephysicallyfitisexplainedbye'passion1for

goodhealth.”可得出結(jié)論，美國人喜歡運動是為了更加健康，D項“為了健康原因”

是正確的選項。

21、

A、Itremainedalmostunchanged.

B、Ilwasgoingupslowly.

C^Itwasdecreasing.

D、Itwasincreasing.

標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：C

知識點解析：要注意短文中”…h(huán)eartattacksbegantodecreasebetween1972and1974

anditisstilldecreasing.”的含義?？梢钥闯鯟項“在下降”是正確答案。

22、

A、Thosewhohaveheartattacks.

B、Thosewhohavethedesiretobephysicallyfit.

C、Thosewhohavesparetime.

D^Thosewhohaveinactivejobs.

標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：D

知識點解析：短文中”...manydoctorsencourage,theirpatientstobecomemore

physicallyactive,especiallythosewhohaveinactivejobs.”特別是從事缺少運動工作

的人受到鼓勵去參加體育鍛煉，D項符合對話內(nèi)容，

23、

A^Heisalwaysinahur^.

B、Heisquickinmakingdecisions.

C、Heisalwaysthefirsttoarriveattheairport.

D^Heusuallydoesn'tgettherewardhedeserves.

標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：D

知識點解析：從短文中“Butthereisnojustice....getontheplanefirstbutitwillbe

thelastluggagetocomeofftheplane....nomatterhowearly...calledtwoorthreedays

aheadofmeandaskedforthatscat...,”可以看出,早到達(dá)機(jī)場的旅客并不能得到應(yīng)

當(dāng)?shù)玫降幕貓?，所以D項“總是不能得到他應(yīng)該獲取的回報”是正確的選項。

24、

A、SaltLakeCity,USA.

B、NewYorkCity,USA.

C^Helsinki,Finland.

D、Stockholm,Sweden,

標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：C

知識點解析：對話中男士答到“…I'mflyingtoHelsinki,Finland."，所以他的目的

地是C項。

25、

A、Thetwentyflrst.

B、Thetwentysecond.

C、Thetwentythird.

D>1hetwentytourth.

標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：C

知識點解析：男士說”.…I'dliketomakeaflightreservationforthetwentythirdof

thismonth.”可知,他的離開日期是C項。

26、

A^Heaskedforaspeciallyprepareddinner.

B、Hewantedanaisleseat.

C、Herequestedablanketforhisbaby.

D、Heaskedforaseatnearthefrontoftheplane.

標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：A

知識點解析：對話中說Tdliketorequestavegetarianmeal.”可以判斷A項”要求特

別準(zhǔn)備的晚餐”為正確選項。

五、聽力長對話（含4小題）（本題共4題，每題1.0

分，共4分。）

27、

A、Takeawalk.

B、Cleanthehouse.

C^Gotothedoctor.

D、Gotothecinema.

標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：B

知識點解析:對話中"…mymomaskedmetohelpcleanthehouseinthemorning...^^

可以得知B項“清掃房間”是正確的答案。

28、

A、12:00P.M..

B、1:00P.M..

C、2:00P.M..

D、4:30P.M..

標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：C

知識點解析：從“…needtomeetJulieat2:00tohelpher…''可以得知C項正確。

29、

A、Washthedishes.

B、Callafriend.

C、Playsoccerwithherbrother.

D、Repairthevideomachine.

標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：A

知識點解析：對話這樣表達(dá)的”...tocookdinnerforthefamilyat5:30...then,Ihave

tocleanthedishesand....顯而易見正確選項為A項。

30、

A、Themachineisn'tworking.

B、Theycan'tdecideonavideo.

C、Susan'smotherisgoingtouseit.

D^Susanhastofinishherassignment.

標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：A:

知識點解析：依據(jù)對話，我們得到答案”…butourvideomachineisbroken.A項是正

確選擇v

六、聽力短文（含3小題）（本題共6題，每題上0

分，共6分。）

31、

A、Thethreatofpoisonousdesertanimalsandplants.

Theexhaustionofenergyresources.

C>Thedestructionofenergyresources.

D、Thespreadoftheblackpowderfromthefires.

標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：D

知識點解析：暫無解析

32、

A、Theundergroundoilresourceshavenotbeenaffected.

B、Mostofthedesertanimalsandplantshavemanagedtosurvive.

C、Theoillakessoondriedupandstoopedevaporating.

D、Theundergroundwaterresourceshavenotbeenaffected.

標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：D

知識點解析：暫無解析

33、

A、Torestorethenormalproductionoftheoilwells.

B>Toestimatethelossescausedbythefire.

C^Toremovetheoilleftinthedesert.

D^Tousetheoilleftintheoillakes.

標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：C

知識點解析：暫無解析

34、

A、Hisfriendgavehimdiewrongkey.

Hedidn'tknowwhere.thebackdoorwas.

CNHecouldirtfindthekeytohismailbox.

D、Ilwastoodarktoputthekeyinthelock.

標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：A

知識點解析：暫無解析

35、

A^Itwasgettingdark.

B、Hewasafraidofbeingblamedbyhisfriend.

C、Thebirdsmighthave11ownaway.

D、Hisfriendwouldarriveanytime.

標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：A

知識點解析：暫無解析

36、

A、Helookedsillywithonlyoneleginsidethewindow.

B>Heknewthepolicemanwouldn'tbelievehim.

C>Thetorchlightmadehimlookveryfoolish.

D^Herealizedthathehadmadeamistake.

標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：B

知識點解析：暫無解析

七、聽力短文（含4小題）（本題共4題，每題1.0

分,共4分。）

37、

A、Hedidn'tlikephysicsanymore.

B、Hiseyesightwastoopoor.

C>Physicswastoohardforhim.

D、Hehadtoworktoworktosupporthimself.

標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：D

知識點解析：暫無解析

38、

A^Hewasnothappywiththenewdirector.

B、Hewasnotqualifiedtobeanengineer.

C、Hewantedtotravel.

D、Hefoundhisjobboring.

標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：A:

知識點解析：暫無解析

39、

A、Hewantedtoworkwithhistriend.

B、Heenjoyedtravelingaroundtheworld.

C^HewantedtogotoSpain.

D、Hewasrejectedbytheengineeringfirm.

標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：C

知識點解析：暫無解析

40、

A、HeenjoyedteachingEnglish.

B、Hewantedtoearnmoretosupporthisfamily.

C、Theowneroftheschoolpromisedhimagoodposition.

D、Hecouldearnmoreasateacherthanasatravelagent.

標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：B'

知識點解析：暫無解析

八、聽力復(fù)合式聽寫（本題共〃題，每題7.0分，共

〃分。）

Theword"sport"firstmeantsomethingthatpeopledidintheir[Bl]time.Later

itoftenmeant[B2]wildanimalsandbirds.Aboutahundredyearsagotheword

wasfirstusedfor[B3]games,whichisitsusual[B4]today.People

spendtheirsparetimeplayingfootball,basketball,tennisandmanyothersports.Such

peopleplaybecausetheywantto.Somepeopleare[B5]forthesporttheyplay.

Thesepeoplearecalled[B6]sportsmen.Theymaybesportsmenforonlyafew

years,butmanyofthemcanearnalotofmoney.Ofcourse,itisonly[B7]fora

fewsportsmentoearnmuchmoneyinsportsfor[B8],likegolf,tennisand

[B9]racing.[BIO].Theyallowthecompaniestousetheirnamesor

photographsandarcpaidforthis.[Bl1].

41、[Bl]

標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：free

知識點解析：暫無解析

42、[B2]

標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案:hunting

知識點解析：暫無解析

43、[B3]

標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：organized

知識點解析：暫無解析

44、[B4]

標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：meaning

知識點解析：暫無解析

45、[B5]

標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案:paid

知識點解析：暫無解析

46、[B6]

標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：professional

知識點解析：暫無解析

47、[B7]

標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：possible

知識點解析：暫無解析

48、[B8]

標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：individuals

知識點解析：暫無解析

49、[B9]

標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：motor

知識點解析：暫無解析

50、[B10]

標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：Andfamousstarscanevengethugeamountsofmoneyfromadvertisements

知識點解析：暫無解析

51、[Bll]

標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：Sportisnolongerjustsomethingforpeople'ssparetime

知識點解析：暫無解析

九、閱讀（選詞填空）（本題共70題，每題7.0分，共

10分。）

Although"liedetectors"arewidelyusedbygovernments,policedepartmentsand

businesses,theresultsarenotalwaysaccurate.Liedetectorsarecommonlyknownas

emotiondetectors,fortheiraimisto[SI]bodilychangesthatcontradictwhata

[S2]says.Theliedetectorrecordschangesinheartrate,breathing,blood

pressure,andtheelectrical[S3]oftheskin.Inthefirstpartofthetest,youare

electronicallyconnectedtothemachineand[S4]afewneutralquestions(nWhat

isyourname?etc.Yourphysicalreactionsserveasthestandardforevaluatingwhat

comesafter.Thenyouarepresentedwithafew[S5]questionsamongthe

neutralones("Whendidyourobthebank?".Theideaisthatifyouare[S6],

yourbodywillrevealthetruth,evenifyou〔ryto[S7]it.Yourheanrateand

breathingwillchange[S8]asyourespondtothequestions.Thatisthetheory,

butpsychologistshavefoundthatliedetectorsaresimplynot[S9].Sincemost

physicalchangesarethesameacrosssomeemotions,liedetectorscannottellwhether

youarcfeelingangry,nervousorexcited.[S10]peoplemaybetenseand

nervousaboutthewholeprocedure.Theymayreactphysiologicallytoacertain

word("bank"notbecausetheyrobbedit,butbecausetheyrecentlyusedabadcheck.In

eitherease,themachinewillrecorda"lie”.AdisplayBmeasureCabruptlyDraisedE

suspectFcriticalGflowHguiltyIaskedJreliableKmisleadLinnocentMdenyN

criminalOnaturally

52、[SI]

標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：B

知識點解析：暫無解析

53、[S2]

標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：E

知識點解析：暫無解析

54、[S3]

標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：G

知識點解析：暫無解析

55、[S4]

標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：I

知識點解析：暫無解析

56、[S5]

標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：F

知識點解析：暫無解析

57、[S6]

標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：H

知識點解析：暫無解析

58、[S7]

標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：M

知識點解析：暫無解析

59、[S8]

標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：C

知識點解析：暫無解析

60、[S9]

標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：J

知識點解析；暫無解析

61、[S10]

標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：L

知識點解析：暫無解析

十、閱讀（常規(guī)閱讀理解）（本題共10題，每題1.0

分,共10分。）

Exerciseisoneofthefewfactorswithapositiveroleinlongtermmaintenanceofbody

weight.Unfortunately,thatmessagehasnotgottenthroughtotheaverageAmerican.who

wouldrathertryswitchingto"light"beerandlowcaloriebreadthanincreasephysical

exertion.TheCentersforDiseaseControl,forexample,foundthatfewerthanonefourth

ofoverweightadultswhoweretryingtoshedpoundssaidtheywerecombiningexercise

withtheirdiet.Inrejectingexercise,somepeoplemaybediscouragedtoomuchby

caloricexpenditurecharts:fbrexample,onewouldhavetobrisklywalkthreemilesjustto

workoffthe275caloriesinonedeliciousDanishpastry（小甜餅）.Evenexercise

professionalsconcedehalfapointhere.HExercisebyitselfisaverytoughwaytolose

weight,"saysYorkOnnen,programdirectorofthePresident'sCouncilonPhysical

FitnessandSports.Still,exercise'ssupportingroleinweightreductionisvital.Astudyat

theBostonUniversityMedicalCenterofoverweightpoliceofficersandotherpublic

employeesconfirmedthatthosewhodietedwithoutexerciseregainedalmostalltheirold

weight,whilethosewhoworkedexerciseintotheirdailyroutinemaintainedtheirnew

weight.Ifyouhavebeensedentary（極少活動的）anddecidetostartwalkingonemilea

day,theaddedexercisecouldburnanextra100caloriesdaily.Inayear'stime,assuming

noincreaseinfoodintake,youcouldlosetenpounds.Byincreasingthedistanceofyour

walksgraduallyandmakingotherdietaryadjustments,youmayloseevenmoreweight.

62、WhatissaidabouttheaverageAmericaninthepassage?

A^Theytendtoexaggeratethehealthfuleffectof"light"beer.

B、Theyusuallyignoretheeffectofexerciseonlosingweight.

C、Theyprefer"light"beerandlowcaloriebreadtootherdrinksandfood.

D、Theyknowthefactorsthatplayapositiveroleinkeepingdownbodyweight.

標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：B

知識點解析：細(xì)節(jié)理解題。本題定位原文的第一自然段。作者在這一段開頭就指

出，雖然鍛煉是能夠在長期保持體重方面起積極作用的為數(shù)不多的因素之一，但這

種觀念還未被一般美國人所理解。而選項B）正是這個意思的總結(jié)，所以選B）。

63、Somepeopledislikeexercisebecause.

A、theythinkitisphysicallyexhausting

B、theyfindithardtoexercisewhileonadiet

C、theydon'tthinkitpossibletowalk3mileseveryday

D^theyfindconsultingcaloricexpenditurechartstroublesome

標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：A

知識點解析：細(xì)節(jié)推論題。這一題對應(yīng)于原文的第二自然段第一句“…somepeople

maybediscouragedtoomuchbycaloricexpenditurecharts;forexample...”。這一句說

明，這些人對熱量消耗表感到沮喪的原因是他們覺得鍛煉消耗熱量的過程太慢、太

累，而不是查詢熱量支出表很麻煩，所以選項D）是對此句的曲解；而選項A）則正

好反映了此句的內(nèi)容。對于B）和C）,文中根本未提及。所以應(yīng)選A）。

64、"Evenexerciseprofessionalsconcede'halfapointhere"（Sentence2,Paragraph2）

means"they

Axagreethatthecalorie*inasmallpieceofpastrycanbedifficulttoworkoffhy

exercise

B、partiallybelievedietplaysasupportingroleinweightreduction

C^arenotfullyconvincedthatdietingcanhelpmaintainone'snewweight

D^arenotsufficientlyinformedofthepositiveroleofexerciseinlosingweight

標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：D

知識點解析：語義題。本題有一定難度。B）、C）兩項比較容易排除，因為全文談?wù)?/p>

的是鍛煉的作用，而不是節(jié)食的作用。而選項A）似乎和原文第二自然段中第一句

很相像，但原文中說“快步走上3英里才能消耗掉一塊甜餅所含有的熱量，所以有

些人不愿意鍛煉，覺得太慢、太累”，這并不意味著“一塊小甜餅所含熱量很難消耗

掉"。所以A）不對。而選項D）“（他們）沒有充分認(rèn)識到鍛煉在減肥中的積極作用”符

合文章邏輯，因為正由于此，這些專業(yè)人士才會部分贊同“鍛煉減肥太慢、太累'’的

觀點。而此句也正好因與下一句意思相反而呼應(yīng)下文.成為作者批駁錯誤觀點，提

出正確觀點的前奏。

65、WhatwasconfirmedbytheBostonUniversityMedicalCenter'sstudy?

A、Controllingone'scalorieintakeismoreimportantthandoingexercise.

B、Evenoccasionalexercisecanhelpreduceweight.

CNWeightreductionisimpossiblewithoutexercise.

D、Onecouldlosetenpoundsinayear'stimeiftheresnoincreaseinfoodintake.

標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：C

知識點解析：細(xì)節(jié)理解題。第三段第二句話的大意是：一項研究證明，那些節(jié)食而

不運動的人會恢復(fù)過去的體重，而那些將鍛煉變成他們?nèi)粘Ｉ钜徊糠值娜藙t能保

持減肥后的體重。而C）正符合此意。所以應(yīng)選C）。

66、Whatistheauthor'spurposeinwritingthisarticle?

A^TojustifythestudyoftheBostonUniversityMedicalCenter.

B、Tostresstheimportanceofmaintainingproperweight.

C、TosupportthestatementmadebyYorkOnnen.

D、Toshowthemosteffectivewaytoloseweight.

標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：D」

知識點解析：主旨題。取據(jù)文章在第一句提出的論點“鍛煉是能夠在長期保持體重

方面起積極作用的為數(shù)不多的因素之一"，第一、二自然段中對“想不鍛煉就減肥”

的錯誤觀點的反駁，以及第三、四段中針對主題句“鍛煉對于減肥的輔助作用是至

關(guān)重要的”提出的論據(jù)。我們發(fā)現(xiàn)，本文的主要目的是“為了指出減肥的最有效的方

法”，即選項D）。

Inadditiontotheirmilitaryrole,thefortsofthenineteenthcenturyprovidednumerous

otherbenefitsfortheAmericanWest.Theestablishmentofthesepostsopenednewroads

andprovidedfortheprotectionofdaringadventurersandexpeditionsaswellas

establishedsettlers.Fortsalsoservedasbaseswhereentrepreneurscouldbringcommerce

totheWest,providingsuppliesandrefreshmentstosoldiersaswellastopioneers.Posts

likeFortLaramieprovidedsuppliesfbrwagontrainstravelingthenaturalhighways

towardnewfrontiers.Somepostsbecamestationsfortheponyexpress;stillothers,such

asbortDavies,werestagecoachstopstorwearytravelers.Allofthesefunctions,of

course,suggestthatthecontributionsoftheformtothecivilizationanddevelopmentof

theWestextendedbeyondpatrolduty.Throughtheestablishmentofmilitaryposts,yet

othercontributionsweremadetothedevelopmentofwesternculture.Manyposts

maintainedlibrariesorreadingrooms,andsomehadschools.Postchapelsprovideda

settingforreligiousservicesandweddings.Throughoutthewilderness,posthands

providedentertainmentandboostedmorale.Duringthelastpartofthenineteenth

century,toreduceexpenses,gardeningwasencouragedattheforts,thusmaking

experimentalagricultureanotheractivityofthemilitary.Themilitarystationedatthe

variousfortsalsoplayedaroleincivilianlifebyassistinginmaintainingorder,and

civilianofficialsoftencalledonthearmyforprotection.Certainly,amongother

significantcontributionsthearmymadetotheimprovementoftheconditionsoflifewas

theinvestigationoftherelationshipsamonghealth,climate,andarchitecture.Fromthe

earliestcolonialtimesthroughoutthenineteenthcentury,diseaserankedastheforemost

problemindefense.Itslowedconstructionoffortsandinhibitedtheirmilitaryfunction.

Officialdocumentsfrommanyregionscontainedinnumerablereportsofsicknessthat

virtuallyincapacitatedentirearmy.Inresponsetotheproblems,detailedobservationsof

architectureandclimateandtheirrelationshipstothefrequencyoftheoccurrenceof

variousdiseaseswererecordedatvariouspostsacrossthenationbymilitarysurgeons.

67、Whichofthefollowingstatementsbestexpressesthemainideaofthepassage?

Bythenineteenthcentury,forts