話題33海洋奧秘探索及保護(hù)

Ⅰ.閱讀理解

Coralreefsareanecessarypartofsealifeandsupportitbyprovidingshelterand

habitattovariousorganisms.Theyalsosupplyandrecyclenutrientsaswellasenablea

fishpopulationtoboom，alongwithotherspecies，forahealthyanddiverseecosystem.

However，theriseinaveragewatertemperatureduetoclimatechangehasresulted

inmorefrequentandextended“coralbleaching(珊瑚白化)”eventsthatdamage

theirhealth，causingfishandotherseaspeciestoabandonthem.

Inordertorepairthisdelicateecosystem，scientistsfromtheUKandAustralia

conductedastudythatinvolvedusingspeakersunderwaterneardamagedcoralreefsto

makethemsoundhealthyandattractfish，potentiallystartingthenaturalrecovery

processofcoralreefsandtheirdependentlifeforms.

ThelocationofthisexperimentwastheGreatBarrierReefintheCoralSea，

foundalongsidetheeastcoastofQueensland，Australia，whichisfamousforhaving

thelargestcoralreefsystemintheworldthat’s2，300kilometreslongandcoversan

areaofnearly344，400squarekilometres.Byusingloudspeakerstoreproducesuch

sounds，areasofdeadcoralreefswerefoundtoattracttwiceasmanyfish，comparedto

placeswherenosoundswereplayed.Thesereturningfishcouldhelpintherecoveryof

thisecosystembygivingthoseareasofcoralachanceofnewlife.

“Fishareimportantforcoralreefstofunctionashealthyecosystems.Increasing

fishpopulationsinthiswaycouldhelptostartthenaturalrecoveryprocess，reducing

thedamagewe’reseeingonmanycoralreefsaroundtheworld.Ofcourse，attracting

fishtoadeadcoralreefwon’tbringitbacktolifeautomatically，buttherecovery

processreliesonfishthatcleanthecoralreeftomakespaceforcoraltoregrow，”said

MarkMeekan.

【語(yǔ)篇解讀】本文是說明文。珊瑚礁是海洋生物的必要組成部分。然而，氣候

變化造成了珊瑚白化?？茖W(xué)家們進(jìn)行了研究，在水下使用揚(yáng)聲器來吸引魚群，以

幫助恢復(fù)受損的珊瑚礁。

1.Whatisthefirstparagraphmainlyabout?

A.Theimportanceofcoralreefs.

B.Theinfluenceofclimatechange.

C.Theperfectplaceforseaspecies.

D.Theecosystem’sdiversityandcomplexity.

答案A[段落大意題。根據(jù)第一段內(nèi)容可知，珊瑚礁是海洋生物的必要組成部

分，不但為各種海洋生物提供住所和棲息地，還提供和回收利用營(yíng)養(yǎng)物質(zhì)，使魚

類種群與其他物種一起繁榮發(fā)展，形成一個(gè)健康和多樣化的生態(tài)系統(tǒng)。由此可推

知，本段主要講述了珊瑚礁的重要性。]

2.What’sthepurposeofusingspeakersunderwater?

A.Tomakefishmoreactive.

B.Totestdamagedcoralreefs.

C.Tohelprecovertheecosystem.

D.Tohelpspeedthegrowthofcoralreefs.

答案C[細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段內(nèi)容可知，為了修復(fù)珊瑚礁這一脆弱的生態(tài)

系統(tǒng)，科學(xué)家們?cè)谒率褂昧藫P(yáng)聲器。]

3.WhichofthefollowingisTRUEabouttheexperiment?

A.Itwasn’tcarriedoutinthelargestcoralreefsystem.

B.Itdrewmuchpublicattention.

C.Ithasbroughtdeadcoralreefsbacktolife.

D.Theloudspeakerswerehelpfulinattractingfish.

答案D[正誤判斷題。根據(jù)第四段中的“Byusingloudspeakers...wherenosounds

wereplayed.”可知，與沒有播放聲音的地方相比，在該實(shí)驗(yàn)中用揚(yáng)聲器產(chǎn)生的聲

音為死去的珊瑚礁吸引了兩倍多的魚。]

4.WhatisMarkMeekan’sattitudetowardstheuseofspeakers?

A.Doubtful.B.Positive.

C.Disappointed.D.Indifferent.

答案B[觀點(diǎn)態(tài)度題。根據(jù)最后一段MarkMeekan說的話可知，揚(yáng)聲器可以吸

引魚群，魚群雖然不會(huì)使死珊瑚礁自動(dòng)復(fù)活，但其恢復(fù)過程依賴魚來清潔珊瑚礁，

以給珊瑚重新生長(zhǎng)的空間，由此可推知，MarkMeekan對(duì)使用揚(yáng)聲器持肯定的態(tài)

度。]

Severalyearsago，JasonBox，ascientistfromOhio，flew31giantrollsofwhite

plastictoaglacier(冰川)inGreenland.Heandhisteamspreadthemacross10，000

feetofice，andthenleft.Hisideawasthatthewhiteblanketwouldreflectbacktherays

ofthesun，keepingtheicebelowcool.Whenhecamebacktochecktheresults，he

founditworked.Theexposedicehadmeltedfasterthanthecoveredice.Hehadnot

onlysavedtwofeetoftheglacierinashorttime.Nocoalplantswereshutdown，no

jobswerelost，andnobodywastaxedorfired.Itwasjustthesortoffixwe’relooking

for.

“Thankyou，butnothankyou，”saidRalphKing，aclimatescientist.Hetold

GreyChilds，authorandcommentator，that“peoplethinktechnologycansavethe

planet，butthereareotherthingsweneedtodealwith，likeconsumption.Theyburned

$50，000justforthehelicoptertobringtheplastictotheglacier.”Thisexperiment

givespeoplefalsehopethatclimatechangecanbefixedwithoutchanginghuman

behaviour.Itcan’t.Technologywon’tgiveusafreeride.

Individualsrespondtoclimatechangedifferently.ClimatologistKellySmithis

hardlyaloneinherpredictionthatsomedaysoonwewon’tbeclimatevictims—we

willbeclimatechoosers.Morescientistsagreewithherthatifthehumanracesurvives，

theengineerswillgetsmarter，thetoolswillgetbetter，andonedaywewillcontrolthe

climate.Butwhatthen？“Justthementionofuscontrollingtheclimatesentasmall

shiverdownmyback，”Greywrites.“Somethingsoundedwrongaboutstoppingice

agesbyourownwill，”hesays.

Me？Ilikeitbetterwhentheearthtakescareofitself.Iguessonedaywewill

havetoruntheplace，butforthemoment，sittingatmydesk，lookingoutatthetrees

bendingwildlyandthewindhowling，I’mhappynottobeincharge.

【語(yǔ)篇解讀】本文是議論文。文章以一個(gè)付出巨大代價(jià)保護(hù)冰川的實(shí)例告訴人

們，看起來氣候變化可以在不改變?nèi)祟愋袨榈那闆r下得到解決，但不同的人對(duì)此

有不同的看法，比如有人認(rèn)為科技不能幫助人類在不改變自身行為的前提下修正

氣候變化；有人對(duì)人類控制氣候的說法感到一絲恐懼等。

5.WhydoestheauthormentionJasonBox’sexperimentinthefirstparagraph?

A.Tointroduceapossiblesolutiontoclimatechange.

B.Todescribeamisleadingattempttofixtheclimate.

C.Toreportonasuccessfulexperimentonsavingtheglacier.

D.Toarousepeople’sattentiontotheproblemofglobalwarming.

答案B[寫作意圖題。根據(jù)第二段中的“Thisexperiment...giveusafreeride”可知，

作者認(rèn)為這個(gè)實(shí)驗(yàn)會(huì)給人們一種錯(cuò)誤的希望，但其實(shí)氣候變化在不改變?nèi)祟愋袨?/p>

的情況下不能得到修正。由此可知，作者在第一段提到JasonBox的實(shí)驗(yàn)是為了

描述一次具有誤導(dǎo)性的修正氣候的嘗試。]

6.WhichstatementwouldRalphKingmostprobablyagreewith?

A.Thefightagainstclimatechangewillnotsucceed.

B.Technologyisnotthefinalsolution，letaloneitshighcost.

C.It’sbesttodealwithclimatechangewithoutchangingourbehaviour.

D.Jason’sexperimentplaysasignificantroleinfixingclimatechange.

答案B[推理判斷題。根據(jù)第二段RalphKing所說的話可推知，RalphKing認(rèn)

為用科技解決氣候問題花費(fèi)高，且科技不是最終解決方案。]

7.WhatisGreyChilds’attitudetohuman’scontrollingtheclimate?

A.Favourable.B.Tolerant.

C.Doubtful.D.Unclear.

答案C[觀點(diǎn)態(tài)度題。根據(jù)第三段中的“Justthemention...back”“Something

sounded...byourownwill”可知，GreyChilds認(rèn)為人類控制氣候聽起來就有點(diǎn)讓人

害怕，故GreyChilds對(duì)此持懷疑態(tài)度。]

8.Whichofthefollowingisasuitabletitleforthetext?

A.Butshouldwefixtheclimate?

B.Isclimatechangearealproblem?

C.Howcanwetakecareoftheearth?

D.Whatifalltheglaciersdisappeared?

答案A[標(biāo)題歸納題。第一段作者介紹了JasonBox拯救冰川的實(shí)驗(yàn)；第二段

作者認(rèn)為此次實(shí)驗(yàn)傳遞給人們錯(cuò)誤的希望，并認(rèn)為在不改變?nèi)祟愋袨榈那闆r下科

技不能修正氣候變化；第三段作者介紹了不同人對(duì)人類控制氣候的看法；第四段

作者認(rèn)為地球有自己的規(guī)律，我們應(yīng)順其自然。故本文可用A項(xiàng)(但是我們應(yīng)該

修正氣候嗎？)作標(biāo)題。]

Ⅱ.完形填空

(2024·湖南省郴州市二模)

Asaflorist，Ispenthoursarrangingthedisplayforanevent.Butadaylater，itwas

unwantedandthrownaway1.Iwantedtodosomethingwithit，believingmany

oftheflowersstillingoodconditioncouldbe2.

ThinkingIcouldmakethemostofthesebeautiful3，Istartedtakinghome

asmanyaspossible，andgivingthemtohospitals，buttherewerestillmany

4.Then，onedayIhadan5.

Ibeganrepurposingsomeoftheminto6items.Apinkagapanthus(百子

蓮)becameanecklace，whileIusedabanksia(山龍眼)asagiantheadpiece.Afriend，

Lilywasattractive，withtheorangeflowersonher7，whichlookedlikeafamous

hairstyle.Andsomeofmycreationswere8byanotherfriend.

Sharingthephotosonthesocialmediagotpeople9.Manywere10at

howwastefulthefloralindustrycouldbe.Bythen，Ifoundmore11.Myartworks

showedmethatwereallycould12flowers.OnValentine’sDay，therewereso

many13rosesthatIwovethemtogetherintoagiantredsuit，whichLilywore

whilewalkingthroughthecity.

Ithinkmyworkis14theideasaboutbeauty.Somethingthatpeoplemight

thinkis15forthebincanreallyhaveawholeotherlifeinit.SoIhopepeople

canthinkmoreaboutwhattheythrowout.

【語(yǔ)篇解讀】本文是記敘文。作者作為一名花商，利用被丟棄的鮮花制作成一

些時(shí)尚物品，從而呼吁更多人關(guān)注被扔掉的東西。

1.A.speciallyB.patiently

C.intentionallyD.carefully

答案C[結(jié)合前文“itwasunwantedandthrownaway”可知，鮮花被故意丟掉了。

intentionally故意地。]

2.A.refundedB.reused

C.returnedD.recommended

答案B[結(jié)合前文“believingmanyoftheflowersstillingoodcondition”可知，許

多花仍然很好，所以可以被重新利用。]

3.A.stagesB.displays

C.plantsD.memories

答案C[根據(jù)上文“believingmanyoftheflowersstillingoodcondition”可知，此

處指作者想充分利用這些花，這里用plants指代上文的flowers。]

4.A.leftoverB.takenover

C.lookedoverD.gotover

答案A[結(jié)合上文“Asaflorist，Ispenthoursarrangingthedisplayforanevent.”

及“Istartedtakinghomeasmanyaspossible，andgivingthemtohospitals，butthere

werestillmany”可知，布置一次展出會(huì)用到很多的花，所以此處指我盡可能多地

把被扔掉的一些花帶回家，但仍有許多花被剩下。leaveover留下，剩下；takeover

接管；lookover檢查；審查；getover克服。]

5.A.interviewB.accident

C.opportunityD.idea

答案D[結(jié)合下文“Apinkagapanthus(百子蓮)becameanecklace，whileIuseda

banksia(山龍眼)asagiantheadpiece.”可知，作者把帶回來的花做成了其他的東西，

因此此處指作者有了一個(gè)想法。]

6.A.salesB.work

C.studyD.fashion

答案D[結(jié)合下文“Apinkagapanthus(百子蓮)becameanecklace，whileIuseda

banksia(山龍眼)asagiantheadpiece.”可知，項(xiàng)鏈和頭飾都是時(shí)尚物品。]

7.A.wayB.head

C.listD.back

答案B[結(jié)合下文“whichlookedlikeafamoushairstyle”可知，莉莉頭上戴著橘

色的花。]

8.A.createdB.approved

C.identifiedD.photographed

答案D[結(jié)合下文“Sharingthephotosonthesocialmedia”可知，把照片發(fā)在網(wǎng)上，

因而這里指我的一位朋友拍了我的作品的照片。]

9.A.performingB.talking

C.competingD.succeeding

答案B[結(jié)合下文“Manywereathowwastefulthefloralindustry

couldbe.”可知，看到照片上的花，引發(fā)了人們的議論。]

10.A.alarmedB.relieved

C.shockedD.embarrassed

答案C[根據(jù)下文“howwastefulthefloralindustrycouldbe”可知，人們對(duì)于花卉

的浪費(fèi)很是震驚。alarmed擔(dān)心；害怕；relieved放心的；感到寬慰的；embarrassed

尷尬的。]

11.A.possibilitiesB.statistics

C.standardsD.examples

答案A[結(jié)合下文“Iwovethemtogetherintoagiantredsuit，whichLilywore

whilewalkingthroughthecity”可知，此處指作者找到了把花做成其他物品的可能

性。]

12.A.purchaseB.wear

C.chooseD.generate

答案B[結(jié)合下文“Iwovethemtogetherintoagiantredsuit，whichLilywore

whilewalkingthroughthecity”可知，作者把花編織成一件巨大的紅色套裝，莉莉

穿著它在城里散步，因而此處指我們可以穿戴鮮花。]

13.A.unwantedB.indoor

C.beautifulD.fake

答案A[結(jié)合前文內(nèi)容可知，作者把被扔掉的狀態(tài)好的花卉做成其他的時(shí)尚裝

飾品，所以此處指作者把無(wú)用的玫瑰做成了一個(gè)巨大的紅色套裝。]

14.A.comprisingB.classifying

C.changingD.collecting

答案C[結(jié)合上文“Myartworksshowedmethatwereallycould

flowers.”及“Iwovethemtogetherintoagiantredsuit，whichLilyworewhile

walkingthroughthecity”可知，作者通過把花做成套裝，讓朋友穿在身上，因而

此處指作者的做法正在改變?nèi)藗儗?duì)美的看法。]

15.A.convenientB.enough

C.essentialD.fit

答案D[結(jié)合下文“forthebin”及“Ihopepeoplecanthinkmoreaboutwhatthey

throwout.”可知，被扔掉的東西理應(yīng)在垃圾桶里。所以此處指適合在垃圾桶的東

西。]

Ⅲ.語(yǔ)法填空

(2024·山西省晉中市高三二模)

TheGrandCanal，agreatman－madeprojectcompletedinancientChina，has

witnessedChinesehistoryspanningover2，500years.OnJune22，2014，it1.

(include)ontheWorldCulturalHeritageList.

Overathousandyears，theGrandCanalhasbeenmeandering(蜿蜒而行)through

eightprovincesandcitiesalong2.(it)courseof3，200kilometersand

connectingfivemajorrivers，which3.(be)thelongestandoldestcanal

intheworld.Itisapreciousheritage4.(pass)downtousbyour

ancestors.

Inmoderntimes，as5.resultofsocialunrest，climatechange，

economicchangeandotherimpacts，theGrandCanalhasbeentroubledbyaseriesof

problemssuchasriverchannelcutoff，water6.(pollute)，andwater

ecologicaldamage.ItwasoncetheChinesepeople’sdreamthattheGrandCanalcould

berestoredtothepastglory.

7.thebeginningofthenewera，manyplacesalongtheGrand

Canalhavelaunchedecologicalrestorationprojects.Whilemaintainingtheoriginal

formoftherivercourse，theyhavefocusedonscientificprotectionandcultural

heritage，8.(highlight)thecultural，historicalandecologicalvalueofthe

GrandCanal.

OnApril28，2022，theGrandCanalwasrefilledwithwaterforthefirsttimeina

century，aftera14－daywater－supplyproject.With9.(far)developmentof

theproject，theGrandCanalhasgraduallyrestoredthepastshippingcapacity.Boat

tours10.cargotransportationhavebecomeavailablealongthe

course.The“GoldenWaterway”turnscleana