推理判斷解題技巧

推理判斷題要求考生根據(jù)文章提供的線索和事實(shí)進(jìn)行邏輯推理，推測(cè)作者未提到的事實(shí)或某事發(fā)生的可

能性，將間接論據(jù)連貫起來，得出一個(gè)合理的結(jié)論。合理，就是論推理有事實(shí)根據(jù)，而不是讀者主觀臆斷

的。推理判斷題常以infer，imply，suggest，conclude,learn，intend，mean，describe，purpose等詞提問。

提問中往往含有表示推測(cè)的情態(tài)動(dòng)詞，如can，could，might,would等和其他表示可能性的副詞，如probably，

mostlikely等。

所謂推斷就是從已知的事情中推測(cè)未知的事情。這里所說的未知是指文章或作者沒有直接說明但已暗

示出來，或者根據(jù)作者提供的信息，可能引出的必然性結(jié)論。所以推斷類題目盡管不能在文章中直接找到

答案，但我們可以在文章中找到可供推論的依據(jù)。還有一個(gè)重要的技巧就是排除法的適當(dāng)運(yùn)用。很多錯(cuò)誤

選項(xiàng)的排除要靠我們對(duì)于文章事實(shí)和細(xì)節(jié)的準(zhǔn)確把握。因此我們也要相應(yīng)加強(qiáng)對(duì)于文章事實(shí)細(xì)節(jié)的訓(xùn)練。

常見的技巧方法一般有如下幾類：

方法：在理解原文表面信息的基礎(chǔ)上，做出判斷和推理。得出其隱含意義和深層意思?？疾閷?duì)閱讀材料

全篇的邏輯關(guān)系的理解，對(duì)文章各段，各句之間的邏輯關(guān)系的理解能力。依據(jù)文章事實(shí)，得出得出符合邏

輯的結(jié)論。

陷阱：①文章直接言明的內(nèi)容，這不是推斷出來的（凡是推斷題一定不選原文信息的同義表述）②注

意干擾項(xiàng)與文章內(nèi)容有細(xì)微區(qū)別。（推理判斷一定要合情合理，有理有據(jù)，依據(jù)事實(shí)，切不可主觀臆斷）

③察言觀色，依據(jù)作者所陳述的細(xì)節(jié)、事實(shí)以及作者的措詞、態(tài)度和語氣，找出能夠表露作者思想

傾向和感情色彩的詞句，然后利用自己已獲得的相關(guān)知識(shí)進(jìn)行推理判斷，從而得出符合邏輯的結(jié)論。

方法1邏輯推理法

邏輯推理法，即根據(jù)上下文及其相互間的關(guān)系，對(duì)文章片段或全文進(jìn)行深層理解來解答題目。常以時(shí)

間關(guān)系、條件關(guān)系、因果關(guān)系、比較關(guān)系、轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系等作為推理根據(jù)，有時(shí)甚至還得聯(lián)系作者的意圖、態(tài)

度等弦外之音。主要考查學(xué)生對(duì)文章細(xì)節(jié)的理解和邏輯思維的推斷能力。

ThebestwaytolearnEnglishistohaveagoodenvironment.TakenotesinEnglish,putEnglishbooksaround

yourroom,listentoEnglishradios,watchEnglishnews,moviesandTVprograms.SpeakEnglishwithyour

friendswheneveryoucan.ThemoreEnglishmaterialsthatyouhavearoundyou,thefasteryouwilllearnit.

Manypeoplethinkthatexercisesandtestsaren'tmuchfun.However,bydoingexercisesandtakingtestsyou

canreallyimproveyourEnglish.Ifyounevertestyourself,youwillneverknowhowmuchyouaremaking

progress.

Accordingtothepassage,Englishexercisesandtestsare______.

A.verynecessaryB.nothelpfulatall

C.veryboringD.notimportant

Step1：定位到段：分析理解題干和選項(xiàng)后，結(jié)合題干關(guān)鍵詞“Englishexercisesandtests”可定位至第二段。

Step2：定位到句：定位至線索句“However,bydoingexercisesandtakingtestsyoucanreallyimproveyour

English”

Step3：定位答案：根據(jù)文中However,bydoingexercisesandtakingtestsyoucanreallyimproveyourEnglish

可知，通過做練習(xí)和參加考試，你可以真正提高你的英語水平，即做練習(xí)和測(cè)試非常有必要。故選A。

方法2觀點(diǎn)態(tài)度判定法

觀點(diǎn)態(tài)度判定法，就是從作者的措詞、語氣或?qū)δ硞€(gè)細(xì)節(jié)的把握來推斷作者在整篇文章中所表現(xiàn)出來

的態(tài)度，以及對(duì)事物的評(píng)價(jià)。主要考查學(xué)生對(duì)于作者陳述事件時(shí)所表達(dá)出的個(gè)人觀點(diǎn)態(tài)度的推斷能力。

WhattheprimaryschoolinFuzhouisdoingisworthpraising.Doingchorescanputasenseofresponsibility

intostudents'mindsandteachthemthespiritofrulesaswellasteamwork.Also,itcanmakestudents'in-school

experiencesmoremeaningful.

Whatdoesthewriterthinkofdoingchores?

A.Hethinksit'sawasteoftime.

B.Hethinksit'stheparents'job.

C.Hecan'tunderstand.

D.Hethinksit'sgoodforstudents.

Step1：定位線索句題干詢問作者對(duì)于做家務(wù)的態(tài)度，關(guān)鍵詞是doingchores，由此定位線索句為“Doing

chorescanputasenseofresponsibilityintostudents'mindsandteachthemthespiritofrulesaswellasteamwork.

Also,itcanmakestudents'in-schoolexperiencesmoremeaningful.”；

Step2：分析線索句線索句意為“做家務(wù)可以讓學(xué)生有責(zé)任感，教會(huì)他們規(guī)則和團(tuán)隊(duì)合作的精神。此外，它

可以使學(xué)生的在校經(jīng)歷更有意義?！保纱丝芍髡邔?duì)于做家務(wù)的態(tài)度是積極的，是支持認(rèn)可的；

Step3：選定答案結(jié)合選項(xiàng)可知，begoodforstudents對(duì)學(xué)生有益符合作者的觀點(diǎn)態(tài)度，正確答案為D。

方法3目的意圖判定法

目的意圖判定法，就是根據(jù)文章內(nèi)容推斷出作者的寫作意圖。主要考查學(xué)生對(duì)作者闡述的目的進(jìn)行歸

納總結(jié)和分析的能力。

Thereare5billiontonsofplasticwasteintheworld.By2050,theycouldhave13billiontons.

Muchofplasticrubbishfindsitswayintotheocean.Scientistssay165milliontonsofplasticpiecesare

floating(漂浮)aroundoutthere.Itharmsoceanlife.Plasticrubbishevenendsupinthefoodweeat.

Thoughitishardwork,itcanbesolved.InBritain,peoplearenotallowedtouseplasticbagsexceptin

hospitals.ScotlandandseveralcoastalcitiesintheUSstoppeoplefromusingplasticstrawsaswell.

Thepurposeofthepassageismainlyto______.

A.introducesomewaystorecyclewaste

B.tellreadersabouttheproblemwithplastics

C.compareairpollutionandplasticpollution

D.describehowtheUSisreducingplasticwaste

Step1：分析理解題干：核心詞匯理解purpose目的；

選項(xiàng)理解：A.介紹一些回收廢棄物的方法B.告訴讀者塑料的問題C.比較空氣污染和塑料污染D.

描述美國如何減少塑料垃圾；

Step2：概括文章大意：通讀全文可知，本文介紹了塑料垃圾的污染問題及其危害，還有各國政府采取的措

施；

Step3：定位答案：目的是告訴讀者塑料帶來的環(huán)境問題。正確答案為B。

方法4文章出處判定法

文章出處判定法，就是根據(jù)文章的語言、用詞、格式、內(nèi)容等推斷出文章的出處，如雜志、報(bào)紙、網(wǎng)

絡(luò)等。主要考查學(xué)生對(duì)各種文章出處的特點(diǎn)和常識(shí)的掌握能力，以及對(duì)文章的體裁和題材的準(zhǔn)確把握能力。

Haveyoueverwantedtoachieveagoalandendedupdoinglotsofresearchonhowtoachieveit?Asyoulearned

moreandmore,itseemedyouknewlessandless.Thatisbecausewhenyoulearnedanewconcept(概念),you

foundthattherewasalotmoretoknowaboutit.

Usually,peoplethinktheyneedtogetmoreandmoreinformationbeforetryinganewidea...

Oneofthebestwaystolearnistotakeactionandlearnfromtheresults...

Learningmoreisgreatbutifallyou'redoingislearningandnottakingaction,it'stimetochangethat.Just

takethefirststep.

Wecanusuallyreadthepassagein______.

A.astorybookB.anewspaper

C.anadvertisementD.aguidebook

Step1：題干選項(xiàng)理解：明確試題考查點(diǎn)為“文章出處”，選項(xiàng)釋義如下：

A.astorybook故事書B.anewspaper報(bào)紙

C.anadvertisement廣告D.aguidebook導(dǎo)游指南

Step2：總結(jié)歸納文章大意：通讀全文可知，文章主要介紹了學(xué)習(xí)更多固然是很好的，但是如果你所做的只

是學(xué)習(xí)而不是實(shí)踐，那么是時(shí)候改變現(xiàn)狀，邁出第一步了。

Step3：定位答案：由此可推知，本文更有可能在報(bào)紙當(dāng)中出現(xiàn)。正確答案為B。

方法5讀者對(duì)象判定法

讀者對(duì)象判定法，就是根據(jù)文章內(nèi)容推斷出文章是針對(duì)哪個(gè)群體閱讀的。主要考查學(xué)生的概括和推斷

能力。

Whatcanyoudowithcyberbullying(網(wǎng)絡(luò)欺凌)?

Ifsomeoneisnotkindtoyou,tellanadultthatyouknoworlike.Forexample,talktoaparentorateacher.

Ifyougetbadmessages,don'treply.Youshouldsavethemandgivethemtoyourteacher,yourfamily,orthe

police.Askanadultforhelp.Don'tshareanythingbeforeyoumakesureitistrue.

Saysorryifyouarenotkindtosomeone.Youcanwriteamessageortalktotheperson.Andalwaysremember:

thinkabouthowtobekindinthefuture.

Thispassageismainlywrittenfor______.

A.teachersB.parentsC.childD.thepolice

Step1：題干選項(xiàng)理解：明確試題考查點(diǎn)為“讀者對(duì)象”，選項(xiàng)釋義如下：A.teachers老師B.parents父母C.

child孩子D.thepolice警察

Step2：概括文章大意及線索句：通讀全文可知本篇文章主要介紹了如何應(yīng)對(duì)網(wǎng)絡(luò)欺凌，特別是第二段中If

yougetbadmessages,don'treply.Youshouldsavethemandgivethemtoyourteacher,yourfamily,orthepolice.

可知，當(dāng)你收到有害信息時(shí)，你應(yīng)該把它們交給老師、家長(zhǎng)或警察。

Step3：定位答案：根據(jù)文章大意及線索句可知，本文主要是寫給孩子的。確定答案為C。

方法6寫作目的判定法

目的意圖判定法，就是根據(jù)文章內(nèi)容推斷出作者的寫作意圖。主要考查學(xué)生對(duì)作者闡述的目的進(jìn)行歸

納總結(jié)和分析的能力。

Thereare5billiontonsofplasticwasteintheworld.By2050,theycouldhave13billiontons.

Muchofplasticrubbishfindsitswayintotheocean.Scientistssay165milliontonsofplasticpiecesare

floating(漂浮)aroundoutthere.Itharmsoceanlife.Plasticrubbishevenendsupinthefoodweeat.

Thoughitishardwork,itcanbesolved.InBritain,peoplearenotallowedtouseplasticbagsexceptin

hospitals.ScotlandandseveralcoastalcitiesintheUSstoppeoplefromusingplasticstrawsaswell.

Thepurposeofthepassageismainlyto______.

A.introducesomewaystorecyclewaste

B.tellreadersabouttheproblemwithplastics

C.compareairpollutionandplasticpollution

D.describehowtheUSisreducingplasticwaste

Step1：分析理解題干：核心詞匯理解purpose目的；選項(xiàng)理解：A.介紹一些回收廢棄物的方法B.

告訴讀者塑料的問題C.比較空氣污染和塑料污染D.描述美國如何減少塑料垃圾；

Step2：概括文章大意：通讀全文可知，本文介紹了塑料垃圾的污染問題及其危害，還有各國政府采取的措

施；

Step3：定位答案：目的是告訴讀者塑料帶來的環(huán)境問題。確定答案為B。

方法7論證方式判定法

論證方式判定法，就是對(duì)文章提出的觀點(diǎn)舉例子，列數(shù)字，作比較等方式去支撐文章中提出的觀點(diǎn)，

證明觀點(diǎn)的合理性。主要考查學(xué)生對(duì)題干的理解，及線索句的定位和理解能力。

TheInternetofthingsmaybecomingsoonerthanyouthink.Itisreportedthatduringhisspeechearlierthisyear,

Samsung(三星)CEOBKYoonspentalotoftimetalkingabouttheInternetofthings.Hesaidthatfiveyears

fromnow,everySamsungproductwillbepartoftheInternetofthings,whetherit?sawashingmachineora

vacuumcleaner(吸塵器).

TheSamsungCEO’sspeechismentionedtoprove(證明)that____

A.SamsungproducedtheInternetofthingsinthepast.

B.TheInternetofthingswillcomeintoourdailylifesooner.

C.HespentalotoftimetalkingabouttheInternetofthings

D.SamsungproductsarepartoftheInternetofthings.

Step1：分析理解題干：題干理解“提到三星首席執(zhí)行官的演講是為了證明......”；選項(xiàng)釋義，A.三星過去生

產(chǎn)物聯(lián)網(wǎng)。B.物聯(lián)網(wǎng)將更快地進(jìn)入我們的日常生活。C.他花了很多時(shí)間談?wù)撐锫?lián)網(wǎng)D.三星的產(chǎn)品是物

聯(lián)網(wǎng)的一部分；

Step2：定位線索句：根據(jù)Hesaidthatfiveyearsfromnow,everySamsungproductwillbepartoftheInternetof

things,whetherit?sawashingmachineoravacuumcleaner(吸塵器).可知引用三星CEO的這段話，主要是為了

證明第一句話：物聯(lián)網(wǎng)的到來可能比你想象的要早。

Step3：定位答案：結(jié)合線索句分析可知其前后是例證關(guān)系。ACD三項(xiàng)均與段落大意無關(guān)，確定答案為B。

方法8篇章結(jié)構(gòu)判定法

篇章結(jié)構(gòu)判定法，就是對(duì)文章整體的結(jié)構(gòu)，或者段落中某事件的結(jié)構(gòu)進(jìn)行分析總結(jié)，常以排序或結(jié)構(gòu)

圖示等來考查。主要考查學(xué)生對(duì)整體文章內(nèi)容的理解和概括能力。

Aroundtheworld,peoplehavedifferentideasaboutwhatgoodmannersare.

Whenyougotorestaurantsindifferentpartsoftheworld,it’simportanttoknowtherightandwrongthingsto

do.Forexample,inChina,it’sOKtomakealotofnoiseinarestaurant.Infact,ifarestaurantisn’tnoisyorlively,

youmaythinkthere’ssomethingwrongwithit.However,inmanywesterncountries,restaurantsarequietplaces.

Ifatableistooloud,otherpeopleintherestaurantmightevencomplaintotheowneroftherestaurant.

Payingthebillisalsodifferentfromcountrytocountry.InChina,onepersonusuallypaysforeverybody.In

westerncountries,onepersonpayswhenheorsheisentertainingclients,butwhenfriendseattogether,they

usuallysharethecost.Thisiscalled“GoingDutch”.Also,whenWesternerspaythebill,theyusuallyleavesome

moneyforthewaiter.Thisiscalled“l(fā)eavingatip”.Leavingatipisthoughttobepolite.IntheUS,peopleare

expectedtotipbetween15%and20%ofthebill,whichisdecidedbyhowgoodtheserviceis.Goodwaiterscan

makealotofmoney!

Differentcountrieshavedifferentcustoms.Whenyoutraveltoanothercountry,pleasefollowitscustoms,just

asthesayinggoes“WheninRome,doastheRomansdo.”

Ifweputthepassageintothreeparts,whichofthefollowingisthebest?

(①=Para.1②=Para.2③=Para.3④=Para.4)

A.①;②③;④B.①;②;③④C.①②;③;④D.①;②③④

Step1：分析理解題干：分析題干可知，本題考查點(diǎn)是“文章結(jié)構(gòu)”；

Step2：分析文章每段的段落大意：第一段先總的來說人們對(duì)于好的禮儀有著不同的觀點(diǎn)；第二段和第三段

分別講西方國家和中國在超市或飯店里的一些現(xiàn)象以及人們付錢的不同；第四段總結(jié)全文，當(dāng)我們?nèi)e的

國家旅游的時(shí)候要入鄉(xiāng)隨俗。

Step3：定位答案：結(jié)合每段的段落大意可知，全篇文章屬于總-分-總的結(jié)構(gòu)，確定答案為A。

（2023·廣東廣州·統(tǒng)考中考真題）

Comeon,Amy.YoumustTRYHARDER.Amytoldherselfsilently.Shewasinherclass’

Second-Day-of-SchoolGamewithherteammates,whomsheonlymetyesterday.Thiswasherfirstchanceto

makenewfriends,andshewasnervous.

SofarAmyhadn’tgivenanyusefulsuggestions—afterall,shewastotallynewtothistown.Luckily,noone

seemedtocareaboutit.Thisrelaxedheralot.

SincetheBlueTeamleftthepark,theyhadworkedoutthefirsttwoclues(線索)andhadbeentothepost

office.Nowtheywereinfrontofthecinema.

Henrywasreadingaloudthethirdclue:Gotoourtownfounder’slastrestingplace.

IknowTHISONE!Amythought,excited.

“Tothecemetery(墓地)”Cindysaid.

“No,wait!”Amysaid.“I’vereadaboutit.Thefounderwasburiednearthelibrary.”

“Wow.I’vewalkedbyeveryday,”Tylersaid.“Neverknewthat!”

“Goodjob!Thatwillsavevaluabletime,”CindysmiledatAmy.

“Westillneedtohurry,”Tylerreminded,pointingtotheYellowTeamcomingnear.

“Iknowashortcut!”Henrysuggested.“Followme!”Noonemoved.

“No,seriously,”Henrysaid.“YouknowI’malwaysrunninglate.Iknoweveryshortcutintown.”Theothers

finallyagreed.

Afewsharpturns,andtheywerethere!ThistimeAmyreadthecluealoud:Nowgototheplacewherethe

footballisrunningaround!

“Thefootballstadium!”Theycalledouttogetherandstartedtorun…

Nowthey’dgotthefinalclue:Lookwhereyou’vebeen,seewhereyouare.Useyourmapwiselyand

you’llbeastar!

Lookingcloselyatthemap,everyonethoughthard.

“Aha!Astar!”Cindysuddenlybrokethesilence.Shequicklytookoutapencil.

Astheywatchedherdrawinglinesonthemap,everyoneunderstood.

Theybeganrunningbacktowheretheystarted.Theywerecloserandcloser,andfinallycrossedthefinish

line-justonestepbehindtheRedTeam!

“So…close…”Tylermadeaface,andtheyalllaughedtogether.

“Nicejob,newgirl,”CindygaveAmyahigh-five.

“Thatwasreallyfun,”saidHenry.“Ihopewe’llbeonthesameteamsoon.”

“Me,too,”Amyagreed,smiling.

1．WhatdoesthebeginningofthestorytellusaboutAmy?

A．Shedidn’twanttoplaythegame.B．Shewasanewstudentinherclass.

C．ShewasamemberoftheRedTeam.D．Shedidn’tunderstandthegamerules.

2．WhydidtheteamletHenryleadthewayatlast?

A．Heranfastestintheteam.B．Theydidn’tknowtheway.

C．Theytrustedhisrichexperience.D．Hewasbestatplayingthegame.

3．Wherewasthefinishlineofthegame?

A．Inthepark.B．Nexttothepostoffice.

C．Infrontofthecinema.D．Outsidethelibrary.

4．WhydidAmysmileattheendofthestory?

A．Herteamcameinfirst.B．Shewasacceptedasafriend.

C．Shenolongerfeltnervous.D．Therewouldbeagamesoon.

【答案】1．B2．C3．A4．B

【導(dǎo)語】本文主要講述了艾米在新的團(tuán)隊(duì)中發(fā)揮了作用，最終她被當(dāng)作朋友接受的故事。

1．推理判斷題。根據(jù)“Thiswasherfirstchancetomakenewfriends,andshewasnervous.”以及“SofarAmy

hadn’tgivenanyusefulsuggestions—afterall,shewastotallynewtothistown.”可推斷艾米是班里的新學(xué)生。

故選B。

2．推理判斷題。根據(jù)“Henrysaid.‘YouknowI’malwaysrunninglate.Iknoweveryshortcutintown.’Theothers

finallyagreed.”（亨利說?！澳阒牢铱偸沁t到。我知道城里所有的近路。”其他人最終同意了。）可知團(tuán)隊(duì)

最后讓亨利帶路是相信他豐富的經(jīng)驗(yàn)。故選C。

3．推理判斷題。根據(jù)“SincetheBlueTeamleftthepark,theyhadworkedoutthefirsttwoclues(線索)”可知最

開始的地方是在公園；根據(jù)“Lookwhereyou’vebeen,seewhereyouare.Useyourmapwiselyandyou’llbea

star!”（看看你去過哪里，看看你在哪里。明智地使用你的地圖，你將成為一個(gè)明星?。┙Y(jié)合圖片可知，走

過的路線要形成一個(gè)五角星，結(jié)合“Astheywatchedherdrawinglinesonthemap,everyoneunderstood.”和

“Theybeganrunningbacktowheretheystarted.”可知比賽的終點(diǎn)線在公園，故選A。

4．推理判斷題。根據(jù)“‘So…close…’Tylermadeaface,andtheyalllaughedtogether.”以及“Ihopewe’llbeon

thesameteamsoon.”可知，艾米在故事的結(jié)尾笑了是因?yàn)樗划?dāng)作朋友接受了。故選B。

（2023·河南·統(tǒng)考中考真題）

Plunk!Idroppedanotherpecan(山核桃)intomybasket.Thenagentleautumnwindblewsomemoreoffthe

tree.Irantopickthemup.Whew!Pecanpickingwashard.Mybasketwasonlyhalffull.

Iwasvisitingmygrandpa’sfarminKansas,andGrandpasentmeintothewoodstopickuppecansforusto

enjoylater.Iwasn’tabouttolethimdown.

Thensomethingcaughtmyeye:asquirrelpickedupapecan,climbedupatreeanddisappearedintoalarge

hole.Amomentlater,thesquirrelclimbeddowntothegroundtopickanotherpecan.Onceagain,hetookthe

pecanbacktohissecrethidingplaceinsidethehollow(洞)ofthetree.

Notsosecretanymore,Ithought.Iranovertothetreeandfoundthehollowwasfilledwithsweetpecans.

Theywererightthereforthetaking.Thiswasmychance.Handfulbyhandful,Itookallthepecansfromthe

hollow.Nowthebasketwasfull!

Iwassoproudofmyself.Icouldn’twaittoshowGrandpaallofthepecansI’dcollected.

“Look,Grandpa,”Ishouted,“l(fā)ookatallofthepecansIfound!”

Grandpatookalookatmybasket.“Well,well,howdidyoufindsomany,Jimmy?”ItoldhimhowI’d

followedthesquirrelandtakenthepecansfromhishidingplace.Grandpacongratulatedmeonfindingout

somethingaboutthesquirrel’shabits.Thenhedidsomethingthatsurprisedme.Hehandedthebasketbacktome

andputhisarmgentlyaroundmyshoulders.

“Thatsquirrelworkedveryhardtocollecthiswinterfood,”hesaid.“Nowthatallofhispecansaregone,

don’tyouthinkthatlittlesquirrelwillbeveryhungrywhenitgetscold?”

“Ididn’tthinkaboutthat,”Isaid.

“Iknow,”Grandpasaid.“Butagoodmanshouldnevertakeadvantageofsomeoneelse’shardwork,eventhe

squirrel’s.”

SuddenlyIfeltashollowasthatoldtree.Theimage(形象)ofthathungrysquirrelwouldn’tleavemymind.

TherewasonlyonethingIcoulddo.

…

根據(jù)材料內(nèi)容選擇最佳答案。

1．Whydidthewritergotothewoodsatthebeginningofthestory?

A．Topickuppecans.B．Tocatchlittleanimals.

C．Tofeedthesquirrels.D．Tolookforhisgrandpa.

2．Thewriterwasproudofhimselfbecause________.

A．hewaspraisedbyhisgrandpa

B．hefoundouthisgrandpa’ssecret

C．hehelpedthesquirrelinthehollow

D．hefilledhisbasketwithsomanypecans

3．WhichofthefollowingcanbestdescribeGrandpa?

A．Kindandwise.B．Caringandhumorous.

C．Shyandfriendly.D．Patientandhard-working.

4．Whatisthepossibleendingtothestory?

A．Thewritersentthepecanstohisneighbors.

B．Thewriterputallthepecansbackintothehole.

C．Thewriterhidthepecansinhisgrandpa’shouse.

D．Thewriterenjoyedallthepecanswithhisfamily.

5．Whatisthebesttitleforthetext?

A．AnunusualtreeB．Thestolenpecans

C．AsmartsquirrelD．Themagicbasket

【答案】1．A2．D3．A4．B5．B

【導(dǎo)語】本文講述了作者把松鼠樹洞里的山核桃據(jù)為己有，帶回家給爺爺看，爺爺告訴他：一個(gè)好人不應(yīng)

該竊取別人的勞動(dòng)成果。

1．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“Grandpasentmeintothewoodstopickuppecans”可知，作者去樹林里摘山核桃。故

選A。

2．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“Nowthebasketwasfull!Iwassoproudofmyself.Icouldn’twaittoshowGrandpaallof

thepecansI’dcollected.”可知，作者自豪是因?yàn)樗诨@子里裝滿了山核桃。故選D。

3．推理判斷題。根據(jù)“Hehandedthebasketbacktomeandputhisarmgentlyaroundmyshoulders.”和爺爺說

的話“Nowthatallofhispecansaregone,don’tyouthinkthatlittlesquirrelwillbeveryhungrywhenitgets

cold?”，“Butagoodmanshouldnevertakeadvantageofsomeoneelse’shardwork,eventhesquirrel’s.”可知，爺

爺沒有責(zé)備作者，而是耐心地告訴他不應(yīng)該竊取別人的勞動(dòng)成果，拿走松鼠的食物，冬天它會(huì)挨餓。由此

可知，爺爺是善良并且有智慧的。故選A。

4．推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段“SuddenlyIfeltashollowasthatoldtree.Theimage(形象)ofthathungry

squirrelwouldn’tleavemymind.TherewasonlyonethingIcoulddo.”可知，作者明白了自己做的事情會(huì)傷害

那只松鼠，所以他接下來會(huì)把山核桃送回松鼠的樹洞中。故選B。

5．最佳標(biāo)題題。文章通過講述作者拿走松鼠山核桃的故事告訴我們：一個(gè)好人不應(yīng)該竊取別人的勞動(dòng)成

果。B項(xiàng)“偷來的山核桃”適合做標(biāo)題。故選B。

（2023·江蘇連云港·統(tǒng)考中考真題）

SeiichiSano,an89-year-oldJapaneseman,ridesawaveatKataseNishihamaBeach,Thursday,March30,

2023.Hehasbeenrecognizedastheoldestmaletosurf（沖浪）bytheGuinnessWorldRecords.

Butmaybehewilljustkeepsurfing.“IthinkitwouldbeinterestingtotrytosurfuntilI’m100,”Sanosaid.

“IthinkItakebettercareofmyselfwhenIhavedreamslikethis.Evennow,ItakebettercareofmyselfthanIdid

before.”

Sanosaidhegottheideatotrysurfingfromaworkerathislocalbank.Theman’sskinwasalwaysdarkand

hedidnotlooklikeausualworker.Hissecrettokeephealthyandenergetic,hesaid,wassurfing.So,Sanofound

ateacher.

Sanogetsoutmostweekendsontheblack-sandbeach.“Idon’tconsidermyselfanoldman,”hesaidinhis

wetsuit,boardstandingnexttohim.“Ihaveneverthoughtofmyselfasanoldperson.IalwaysfeelthatIcanstill

moveforward.Icanstilldoit.Icanstillenjoyit.”

SeveralyoungstudentswhoalsoworkwithSano’ssurfteachertalkedaboutSano.

“Ithinkagedoesn’tmatterinsurfing,”a12-year-oldsurfersaid.

“Heissoamazing,”addedhisyoungerbrother.

“Tobehonest,Iwassurprisedbyhisage,”saidSano’ssurfingteacher.“Iwasworriedthathewouldgethurt.

Ididnotknowhowfithewas.”

Sanostillworks9-to-5athisjob.Surfinghelpsmakehimlessstressed.“Peopleoftensaythatsurfingislife

itself,”hesaid.“Ithinkitistrue.”

1．Whatdoestheunderlinedword“recognized”inparagraph1probablymean?

A．Led.B．Given.C．Accepted.D．Collected.

2．Paragraph3mainlytellsus________.

A．whereSanolearnttosurfB．whySanotriedsurfing

C．howSanoplannedtosurfD．whenSanowentsurfing

3．FromthewordsoftheyoungstudentsandSano’ssurfteacher,wecaninfer________.

A．theyrespectSanoverymuchB．Sano’sageinfluenceshissurfing

C．they’reworriedaboutSano’sworkD．Sanoisoftenhurtwhenpractising

4．Accordingtothepassage,weknowSano________.

A．istoooldtostartsurfingB．getsboredwithsurfing

C．feelsstressedaftersurfingD．enjoysalotfromsurfing

【答案】1．C2．B3．A4．D

【導(dǎo)語】本文主要介紹了被吉尼斯世界紀(jì)錄認(rèn)定為年齡最大的男性沖浪者SeiichiSano。

1．詞句猜測(cè)題。根據(jù)“Hehasbeenrecognizedastheoldestmaletosurf（沖浪）bytheGuinnessWorldRecords.”

可知，他被吉尼斯世界紀(jì)錄認(rèn)定為年齡最大的男性沖浪者。recognized意為“認(rèn)定”，與accepted同義。故

選C。

2．段落大意題。根據(jù)“Hissecrettokeephealthyandenergetic,hesaid,wassurfing.So,Sanofoundateacher.”

可知，第三段講述他嘗試去沖浪的原因。故選B。

3．推理判斷題。根據(jù)“Ithinkagedoesn’tmatterinsurfing”和“Tobehonest,Iwassurprisedbyhisage”可知，

師生們很佩服他沖浪沒有受到年齡的限制，可推測(cè)他們都很尊重他。故選A。

4．推理判斷題。根據(jù)“Surfinghelpsmakehimlessstressed.‘Peopleoftensaythatsurfingislifeitself,’hesaid.‘I

thinkitistrue.’”可知，沖浪有助于減輕他的壓力。他認(rèn)同“沖浪就是生活本身”這種說法，說明他很喜歡沖

浪。故選D。

（2023·山東濟(jì)南·統(tǒng)考中考真題）

Warmingtemperaturesandshorterwintersmightsoundliketheendofsnowdays.However,rising

temperaturesmayactuallycausesnowstormstodumpmoresnow,saysDavidRobinson.Heisaprofessorata

universityinNewJersey.Hestudiesclimate(氣候)change.

TemperaturechangeisoneofthegreatestinEarth’sclimatechangeoveralongperiodoftime.Itcanhappen

naturallyorbecauseofhumanactivities,suchasburninggasandcoal.Burningthesefuelsproducescarbon

dioxide(二氧化碳)andotherpollutantsintotheatmosphere,whichholdheatintheatmosphere,leadingto

warmerglobaltemperaturesovertime.

Buthowcouldwarmertemperaturesleadtomoresnow?Togetsnow,youneedmoisture(水汽)andfreezing

temperatures(0℃orless),saysRobinson.Withoutmoistureintheair,thereisnoprecipitation(rainorsnow).

Robinsonsaystherearesignsthatsnowstormsarebecomingstronger.Thisisbecauseofthisconnectionbetween

moistureandprecipitation.

“Thewarmertheairbecomes,themoremoistureitholds.So,ifit’swarmingandstillcoldenoughtosnow,

youcangetmoresnow,”Robinsonsays.

Ofthe10biggestsnowfallsinD．C．region,fivehappenedinthepast25years,accordingtotheNWS.

Duringthatsametimeperiod,averagewintertemperaturesinD．C．increased.In1996,theaveragewinter

temperaturewas1.8℃.In2020,itwas6℃.

Weatherexpertssuggestthatrisingtemperaturesmaymakewintershorterandlesscold.Butfornow,the

snowisstillfalling.Oneday,wintermightnothaveanydaysbelowthefreezingtemperature.Oncetemperatures

stayabovefreezing,snowstormsbecomerain.Untilthen,wemightcontinuetoseestrongstorms.

AccordingtoRobinson,thattimecouldcomesoonerthanwethink.Hesays,“Whenwelookback,years

fromnow,wemayseethatthiswasthebreakingpoint.”

1．Whatisparagraph2mainlyabout?

A．HowEarth’sclimatechanges.B．Whatcausesrisingtemperatures.

C．Whatproducescarbondioxide.D．Howpollutioninfluencesclimate.

2．Whatwillthewarmingtemperaturescauseaccordingtothetext?

A．Lesscoal.B．Drierweather.

C．Longerwinters.D．Strongersnowstorms.

3．Whatisthepurposeofparagraph5?

A．TointroduceD．C．

B．Toreportthebiggest10snowstorms.

C．TosupportRobinson’sideas.

D．Toshowtheincreaseoftemperatures.

4．WhatdoesRobinsonthinkofthefuturewarmingtemperatures?

A．Impossible.B．Serious.C．Meaningless.D．Amazing.

5．Whereisthetextprobablytakenfrom?

A．Asciencemagazine.B．Astorybook.

C．Asciencefiction.D．Atravelguide.

【答案】1．B2．D3．C4．B5．A

【導(dǎo)語】本文主要講了溫度上升與更多的暴風(fēng)雪是否有關(guān)系的問題。

1．主旨大意題。根據(jù)“Burningthesefuelsproducescarbondioxide(二氧化碳)andotherpollutantsintothe

atmosphere,whichholdheatintheatmosphere,leadingtowarmerglobaltemperaturesovertime.”可知，第二段

主要介紹了導(dǎo)致氣溫上升的原因。故選B。

2．推理判斷題。根據(jù)“Robinsonsaystherearesignsthatsnowstormsarebecomingstronger.Thisisbecauseof

thisconnectionbetweenmoistureandprecipitation.”可知，變暖的溫度會(huì)導(dǎo)致更強(qiáng)的暴風(fēng)雪。故選D。

3．推理判斷題。根據(jù)“Ofthe10biggestsnowfallsinD.C.region,fivehappenedinthepast25years,…average

wintertemperaturesinD.C.increased.In1996,theaveragewintertemperaturewas1.8℃.In2020,itwas6℃.”

可推知，作者在第五段通過陳述華盛頓地區(qū)的事實(shí)，進(jìn)一步印證了Robinson的觀點(diǎn)。故選C。

4．推理判斷題。根據(jù)“Oneday,wintermightnothaveanydaysbelowthefreezingtemperature.”以及“According

toRobinson,thattimecouldcomesoonerthanwethink.”可推知，Robinson認(rèn)為未來全球變暖，氣溫升高會(huì)很

嚴(yán)重。故選B。

5．推理判斷題。通讀全文可知，本文主要講了溫度上升與更多的暴風(fēng)雪是否有關(guān)系的問題。故可推知，

文章可能來源于一本科學(xué)雜志。故選A。

（2023·山東濟(jì)南·統(tǒng)考中考真題）

Agardenismuchmorethanjustcreatingabeautifulenvironment.Itcanbeawaytosaveorevenmake

moneyand,morethanthat,itcanbeaplacewhereyoucanexpressyourself.Forme,it’sabitofallthesethings.I

knowitmaysoundstrangefora13-year-oldgirltobeinterestedingardening,butIhavealwaysbeenandIwould

lovetomakeacareer(職業(yè))outofit.

Ihavelearnedmanythingsthesepastfewyears.Ihavebeenreadingaboutanddoingsomegardening.So,

hereismytopadviceaboutgardening.First,youdonotneedtospendalotofmoneytohaveabeautifulgarden.

SomeofthegardensthatIthinkaretheprettiestarejustlinesofplants.Therearen’tmanygardendecorations(裝

飾)andpathways.It’sjustbeautifulplantswithfruitsandvegetables.Wecanalsofindmanyusefulthingsforfree,

frompiecesofoldwoodtooldpotsandpans.Or,wecanbuildthingsforfreefrommaterialsthatotherpeople

havethrownaway.

Ifyoujustrememberthatplantingwhatismorethanyouneedwilltakethestressawayoflosingsomeplants,

youwillsaveyourselfalotofworry,too.Besides,youneedtoaskyourselfwhichplantsproduceenoughfoodto

makethemworthgrowing.Iactuallysatdownanddidthemathsonthatonethisspring.Itamazedmewhatso