2025高考英語大二輪專題強(qiáng)化練專題一四選一閱讀強(qiáng)化練(五)詞義猜測(cè)題解題提示：解答詞義猜測(cè)題時(shí)，要著重閱讀所猜單詞或短語所在句以及前后句，仔細(xì)理解上下文語境，注意句子前后的邏輯關(guān)系。Ⅰ.閱讀理解(2023·武漢市高三調(diào)研)WhenIwasakid，ifsomeonetoldmethatIwouldgrowuptobecomeapublishedauthorandfounderofayouthliteracy(讀寫能力)foundation,Iwouldhavelaughedandkeptwalking.EvennowwhenIseethetitleofmylatestpicturebook,MyVeryFavoriteBookintheWholeWideWorld,Ishakemyhead,notquitebelievingthatthebookhasmynameonit.Butthetruthis,thisstorycomesfrommyownpersonalexperience.Ittookmeaverylongtimetofindmypersonalreadingvoice.InValdosta,whereIgrewup,mycommunitypromotedtwopathwaystoabetterlifeforlittleboyslikeme：beinganathleteorbeinganentertainer.Iwasnodifferentthantheotherkids,soIdidwhatfeltnatural：playfootballandoverlookschool.Schoolpresentedchallengeseverydayandsodidfootballpractice,butovercomingphysicaladversity(逆境)wasontrendwithmyneighborhood’sculture.Readingbookswasnotsomuch.Fortunately,Iwenttocollege.That’swheremyreadingstrugglesreallyreared__their__ugly__head.Tripstothegrocerystorewerestressfulbecausetherewassomuchreadinginvolvedinthesimpleactofbuyingfood.Iwouldmisreadlabelsandgrabthewrongitems.Once，Ipickedupapplesaucethinkingitwasappleslices.Ididn’tnoticemymistakeuntilIgothomeandrealizedthatitwasmyinabilitytounderstandthedifferencesinthewordingonthelabelsthatcausedthemistake.IrealizedthatIneededtomakeanimportantdecision.IfIwantedtobeabetterversionofme,Ihadtobecomeastrongerreader.IjoinedabookclubandreadeveryfreemomentIhad.Myjourneywithreadingalsocreatedadesireinmetoinspireotherswhostruggledwithreading.SoIstartedanonprofit,SharetheMagicFoundation,tryingtotransformthelivesofchildrenlivinginunderservedcommunitiesthroughliteracy.【語篇解讀】本文是記敘文。作者在一個(gè)鼓勵(lì)男孩們成為運(yùn)動(dòng)員或演員的社區(qū)長大，以至于忽視了學(xué)業(yè)。作者上了大學(xué)意識(shí)到自己的問題后，想讓自己變得更好，于是開始閱讀。作者不僅成了出版作家而且還成立了非營利性基金會(huì)以幫助更多人去閱讀。1.Whatdoestheauthorthinkofhisnewbook?A.It’sbeyondhisexpectations.B.It’shelpfulforyouthliteracy.C.It’sfullofhumorandwisdom.D.It’sanexactrecordofhisearlylife.答案A[推理判斷題。根據(jù)第一段中的“Ishakemyhead，notquitebelievingthatthebookhasmynameonit”可知，作者看到自己的新書時(shí)，搖了搖頭，不敢相信自己的名字被印在了書上。由此可推知，這件事情超出了作者的預(yù)期。]2.Whatwastherootreasonfortheauthor’sfailuretofindhisreadingvoice?A.Theinfluenceofhiscommunity.B.Hisdreamtobeanentertainer.C.Thechallengeshemetinstudy.D.Hispreferenceforfootball.答案A[細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段中的“mycommunitypromotedtwopathwaystoabetterlifeforlittleboyslikeme...Readingbookswasnotsomuch”可知，作者所在的社區(qū)鼓勵(lì)男孩們當(dāng)運(yùn)動(dòng)員或做演員，對(duì)上學(xué)并不重視，這是作者閱讀少的根源。]3.Whatdoestheunderlinedphrase“rearedtheiruglyhead”inParagraph3mean?A.Changed. B.Concluded.C.Surfaced. D.Disappeared.答案C[詞義猜測(cè)題。結(jié)合第三段中的“Iwouldmisreadlabelsandgrabthewrongitems...thatcausedthemistake”可知，作者早年忽視學(xué)業(yè)，以至于在上了大學(xué)之后，讀寫方面的問題顯現(xiàn)了出來，故C項(xiàng)與畫線短語的意義最為接近。surface“顯露”。]4.Whichofthefollowingcanbestdescribetheauthor?A.Reflectiveandwarm－h(huán)earted.B.Persuasiveandabsent－minded.C.Creativeandstubborn.D.Ambitiousandcautious.答案A[推理判斷題。根據(jù)第三段中的“Irealizedthat...becomeastrongerreader.”可以看出，作者是一個(gè)善于反思的人；再根據(jù)最后一段中的“Istartedanonprofit...livinginunderservedcommunitiesthroughliteracy”可知，作者是一個(gè)熱心的人。綜合可知A項(xiàng)正確。](2023·成都三診)HundredsoflittlerobotsarerollingaroundcollegesandcitiesintheUnitedStates,Britainandelsewhere.Therobots，about50centimeterstall，arebringingfoodlikepizzatohungrystudents.TheStarshiprobotswerebeingtestedinlimitednumbersbeforethepandemicstarted.Butpandemic－relatedworkershortagesandadesireforcontactlessdeliveryhaveexpandedtheiruse.“Wesawdemandforrobotusagejustgo__through__the__ceiling，”saidAlastair.HeistheheadofStarshipTechnologies,whoserobotsrecentlymadetheir2millionthdelivery.“Ithinkdemandwasalwaysthere,butitwasbroughtforwardbythepandemiceffect.”TheStarshiprobotsusecameras,sensorsandGPStomovearoundandevencrossstreetsontheirownatthespeedof8kilometersperhour.Operatorskeepwatchonseveralrobotsatatimebuttheysaytheyrarelyneedtostopthemormovethemaroundabarrier.Whenarobotarrives,peopleenteracodefromtheirphonestoopentherobotandgettheirfood.Therearesomelimitationsfornow.TheStarshiprobotshavetoberechargedregularly.Theyareslowandcannottravelfar.Theycannotleavefoodatthedoor.AndbigcitieslikeNewYorkandLondonarenotwelcomingthem.MaloneyisthevicepresidentatDomino’sPizza.HiscompanyistestingrobotsfromNuro,aCalifornia－basedcompany.TheNurorobotsareabout1.8meterstallandcantravelatatopspeedof40kilometersperhouronstreets,notsidewalks.MaloneysaidNurodeliverycostsmorethanusinghumandriversfornow.Butasthetechnologygetsmorepopular,thecostswillgodown.WitcherisatechnologyexpertwithForrester.Hesaiditiseasytogetexcitedaboutrobots.Buttheywillneedtoprovetocompaniesthattheyarebetterthanhumandeliverydrivers.Itis“therighttimeandplaceforcompaniesconsideringrobotstotestthemandlearnfromthemanddotheirownevaluation.”【語篇解讀】本文是說明文。Starship機(jī)器人是一款可以送外賣的機(jī)器人。這款機(jī)器人使用照相機(jī)、傳感器和GPS四處移動(dòng)，并可以獨(dú)自穿過街道。當(dāng)然，這款機(jī)器人也存在缺點(diǎn)。Maloney的公司正在測(cè)試Nuro生產(chǎn)的機(jī)器人，雖然這些機(jī)器人價(jià)格昂貴，但是Maloney對(duì)外賣機(jī)器人仍充滿了期待。5.Whatdoestheunderlinedphrase“gothroughtheceiling”inparagraph2mean?A.Staysteady. B.Changequickly.C.Increaserapidly. D.Declinegradually.答案C[詞義猜測(cè)題。根據(jù)第二段中第二句可知，職工短缺和對(duì)非接觸式配送的需求已經(jīng)擴(kuò)大了外賣機(jī)器人的使用。畫線短語所在句對(duì)此作進(jìn)一步說明，由此可知，畫線短語應(yīng)與expand的意義一致。A項(xiàng)“保持穩(wěn)定”，B項(xiàng)“迅速改變”，C項(xiàng)“快速增加”，D項(xiàng)“逐漸減少”。故畫線短語的意思與C項(xiàng)最為接近。]6.WhatcanwelearnabouttheStarshiprobots?A.Theyarepopularinlargecities.B.Theycancrossstreetsontheirown.C.Theyhardlyneedtoberecharged.D.Theytravelataspeedof18kmperhour.答案B[細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段中的“TheStarshiprobotsusecameras...atthespeedof8kilometersperhour”可知，Starship外賣機(jī)器人能使用照相機(jī)、傳感器和GPS四處移動(dòng)，并可以獨(dú)自穿過街道。]7.WhatdoesMaloneythinkofNurodelivery?A.Itischeap. B.Itispromising.C.Itisn’tfastenough. D.Itisn’tworthtesting.答案B[觀點(diǎn)態(tài)度題。根據(jù)第五段中的“MaloneysaidNurodeliverycostsmorethanusinghumandriversfornow...godown”可知，Maloney認(rèn)為，從目前來看，Nuro的外賣機(jī)器人配送外賣的成本比使用人工騎手更高，但隨著這項(xiàng)技術(shù)越來越受歡迎，成本將會(huì)下降。]8.WhichstatementwillWitcherprobablyagreewith?A.Robotsshouldbetestedandevaluated.B.Robotsshouldbeappliedinvillagessoon.C.Robotsshouldbeputintomassiveproduction.D.Robotsarelesspopularbecauseofthepandemic.答案A[細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)最后一段中的“Itis‘therighttimeandplaceforcompaniesconsideringrobotstotestthemandlearnfromthemanddotheirownevaluation.’”可知，科技專家Witcher認(rèn)為這是考慮使用機(jī)器人的公司測(cè)試和評(píng)估這些機(jī)器人的好時(shí)機(jī)。故A項(xiàng)“機(jī)器人應(yīng)該被測(cè)試和評(píng)估”符合題意。](2023·石家莊高三質(zhì)檢)Whales，particularlybaleenandspermwhales，areamongthelargestcreaturesonEarth.Theirpresenceintheoceanshapestheecosystemsaroundthem.Thesecreaturesarealsohelpingtodeterminethetemperatureoftheplanet.Whenwhalesdie,theysinktotheoceanfloorandallthecarbonthatisstoredintheirextremelylargebodiesistransferredfromsurfacewaterstothedeepsea，whereitremainsforcenturiesormore.Scientistsfoundthatbeforeindustrialwhaling,populationsofwhaleswouldhavemade190,000to1.9milliontonnesofcarbonperyearsinktothebottomoftheocean,whichequalstaking40，000to410，000carsofftheroadeachyear.Butwhentheyarekilledandtheirbodiesarepreventedfromsinkingtotheseabed,thatcarbonisreleasedintotheatmosphere.Butwhalesarenotonlyvaluableafterdeath.Thetidesofexcrement(排泄物)thatwhalesproducearealsosurprisinglyrelevanttotheclimate.Theiriron－richexcrementcreatestheperfectgrowingconditionsforphytoplankton(浮游植物).Thesecreaturesmaybemicroscopic,__but,takentogether,theyhaveagreatinfluenceontheplanet’satmosphere,absorbingabout40%ofallCO2produced,fourtimestheamountabsorbedbytheAmazonrainforest.“Whalinghasremovedahugeorganiccarbonpumpfromtheoceanthatwouldhavebeenhavingamuchlargermultiplyingeffectonphytoplanktonproductivityandtheocean’sabilitytoabsorbcarbon，”saysVickiJames,policymanageratWhaleandDolphinConservation.Whatthismeansisthatrestoringwhalepopulationstotheirpre－whalingnumberscouldbeanimportanttoolinfightingclimatechange,andhelpingtoslightlyreducethelargeamountofCO2fromfossilfuelseveryyear.【語篇解讀】本文是說明文。鯨魚對(duì)全球氣候有巨大影響，它們自然死亡沉入海底可以防止它們體內(nèi)儲(chǔ)存的碳進(jìn)入大氣，它們的糞便可以幫助浮游植物生長從而吸收二氧化碳，因此，恢復(fù)鯨魚種群數(shù)量對(duì)環(huán)境保護(hù)意義重大。9.Whathappenstothecarbonstoredinwhalesaftertheyarehunted?A.Itremainsintheirbodies.B.Itenterstheatmosphere.C.Itsinkstothedeepsea.D.Ittransferstosurfacewaters.答案B[細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段中的“whentheyarekilled...isreleasedintotheatmosphere”可知，當(dāng)鯨魚被捕殺之后，它們的身體不會(huì)沉入海底，它們體內(nèi)儲(chǔ)存的碳會(huì)進(jìn)入大氣中。]10.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“microscopic”meaninParagraph3?A.Tiny. B.Destructive.C.Extinct. D.Rare.答案A[詞義猜測(cè)題。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，畫線詞是對(duì)浮游植物特征的描述，結(jié)合常識(shí)和下文中的“but，takentogether，theyhaveagreatinfluence”可知，畫線詞應(yīng)為great“巨大的”的反義詞，故A項(xiàng)正確。tiny“極小的，微小的”；destructive“破壞性的，毀滅性的”；extinct“已滅絕的；絕種的”；rare“稀罕的，珍貴的”。]11.Whatcanweinferfromthetext?A.Whalesaremorevaluableaftertheydie.B.Excrementofwhalesacceleratesglobalwarming.C.40%ofCO2isabsorbedbytheAmazonrainforest.D.Whalinghasanegativeinfluenceonclimatechange.答案D[推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段中的“restoringwhalepopulationstotheirpre－whalingnumberscouldbeanimportanttoolinfightingclimatechange”可知，將鯨魚的數(shù)量恢復(fù)到捕鯨之前的數(shù)量對(duì)應(yīng)對(duì)氣候變化有很重要的作用。據(jù)此可以推斷，捕鯨對(duì)氣候變化有消極的影響。]12.Whichisthebesttitleofthetext?A.WhatWeCanDotoSaveWhalesB.HowWhalesHelpCooltheEarthC.WhatIsClimateChangeDoingtoWhalesD.WhyWhalePopulationsAreDecliningSharply答案B[標(biāo)題歸納題。本文第一段講到了鯨魚對(duì)地球溫度影響巨大；第二段講到了它們自然死亡沉入海底可以防止它們體內(nèi)儲(chǔ)存的碳進(jìn)入大氣；第三段講到了它們的糞便可以幫助浮游植物生長從而吸收二氧化碳；最后兩段講到了捕鯨對(duì)氣候變化的消極影響及恢復(fù)鯨魚數(shù)量的重要性，因此B項(xiàng)“鯨魚是如何幫助地球保持清涼的”最適合作本文的標(biāo)題。]Ⅱ.完形填空(2023·江蘇省七市聯(lián)考)At20,Iwasscaredandlonely.Mylaptopwasfilledwiththebeginningofnovels,half－finishedsonglyrics(歌詞)—thingsI’dstartedwithteenage__1__onlytobedisappointedbymylackofcreativity.Iwas__2__tryingtofindanewwaytoapproachlife,withnooneto__3__meintherightdirection.OneSaturday,Iwenttoatrainingdayformyschool’snewjournalismteam.TheteachersuggestedIstartablogasagoodwaytogetinto__4__.Boredandinneedofa__5__，IimmediatelysetupaBloggeraccount.AsItypedpostafterpostinthemonthsthatfollowed,IassumedIwouldrunoutof__6__.Butsomehowwritingaboutthenewsand,later,about__7__，cameeasily.Herewassomethinginterestingthatrequiredonlyalaptopandan__8__.Ilovedtheresearchthatwentintoeachpost,lovedbeingableto__9__whatinterestedmeandlovedfindingjusttherightphrasetodescribehowI__10__.IfoundsomethingIwasgoodatandmoreimportantly,somethingI__11__.IkeptpostingandslowlyIgotbetter.I__12__，editedandevenlearnedhowtoemployametaphor.Itwasn’tlonguntilmymindwasmadeup：Iwasgoingtobea(n)__13__.Sevenyearslater,Iamhavingjustcompletedafantasticplacement(實(shí)習(xí)工作)inalocalnewspaper.Ihaveneverbeenso__14__tomyyoungerselfforactuallylisteningtotheonepieceofadvicethatturnedoutto__15__most.【語篇解讀】本文是記敘文。文章講述了作者想嘗試一種新的生活方式，但是無人指點(diǎn)，一次作者聽從了老師讓自己寫博客的建議，從而發(fā)現(xiàn)了自己擅長和喜歡的事，自己不再孤單和害怕，找到了人生目標(biāo)。1.A.confusion B.maturityC.enthusiasm D.innocence答案C[A.confusion混亂；B.maturity成熟；C.enthusiasm熱情；D.innocence清白。根據(jù)前文“At20,Iwasscared...half－finishedsonglyrics(歌詞)”可知，作者20歲時(shí)，電腦里都是小說開頭和寫了一半的歌詞，結(jié)合實(shí)際，這些都是帶著年少時(shí)的熱情做的事。]2.A.praised B.stuckC.tricked D.punished答案B[A.praise表揚(yáng)；B.stick困(于)；C.trick欺騙；D.punish處罰。根據(jù)后文“withnooneto________meintherightdirection.”可知，作者嘗試尋找一種新的生活方式，但是無人指點(diǎn)，所以是被困住了。]3.A.defend B.forceC.point D.join答案C[A.defend保護(hù)；B.force強(qiáng)迫；C.point指路，指點(diǎn)；D.join參加。根據(jù)前文“Iwas________tryingtofindanewwaytoapproachlife”可知，作者在嘗試尋找一種新的生活方式時(shí)，被困住了，因?yàn)闆]人指點(diǎn)他。]4.A.socializing B.advertisingC.debating D.writing答案D[A.socialize交際；B.advertise登廣告；C.debate討論；D.write寫作。根據(jù)后文“AsItypedpostafterpostinthemonthsthatfollowed”可知，作者開始在博客上寫作，所以是進(jìn)入寫作的好方法。]5.A.project B.courseC.tour D.budget答案A[A.project項(xiàng)目；B.course課程；C.tour旅行；D.budget預(yù)算。根據(jù)前文“Iwas________tryingtofindanewwaytoapproachlife”以及“Bored”可知，作者嘗試尋找一種新的生活方式，以及現(xiàn)在很無聊，所以是需要一個(gè)項(xiàng)目。]6.A.steam B.timeC.money D.luck答案A[A.steam精力，力量；B.time時(shí)間；C.money金錢；D.luck運(yùn)氣。根據(jù)后文“Butsomehowwritingaboutthenewsand,later,about________，cameeasily.”可知，作者以為寫作會(huì)讓自己精疲力竭，誰知卻很容易。]7.A.events B.myselfC.celebrities D.society答案B[A.event大事；B.myself我自己；C.celebrity名人；D.society社會(huì)。根據(jù)后文“l(fā)ovedfindingjusttherightphrasetodescribehowI________.”可知，后來作者開始寫自己的感受，所以是寫他自己。]8.A.idea B.optionC.excuse D.answer答案A[A.idea想法；B.option選項(xiàng)；C.excuse借口；D.answer回答。根據(jù)前文“Butsomehowwritingaboutthenewsand,later,about________，cameeasily.”可知，作者覺得寫博客簡單，結(jié)合常識(shí)，因?yàn)橹灰慌_(tái)電腦和一個(gè)想法就行。]9.A.transform B.rejectC.predict D.explore答案D[A.transform使改變；B.reject拒絕；C.predict預(yù)測(cè)；D.explore探索。根據(jù)前文“Ilovedtheresearchthatwentintoeachpost”以及本句結(jié)構(gòu)可知，本句是排比句，空處應(yīng)和research意思相近，結(jié)合選項(xiàng)，應(yīng)是D項(xiàng)explore“探索”符合題意。]10.A.acted B.feltC.developed D.succeeded答案B[A.act行動(dòng)；B.feel感覺；C.develop成長；D.succeed成功。根據(jù)前文“l(fā)ovedbeingableto________whatinterestedmeandlovedfindingjusttherightphrasetodescribe”可知，本句是排比句，前句是在描寫能夠探索作者感興趣的東西，空處和此對(duì)應(yīng)，結(jié)合選項(xiàng)，所以空處應(yīng)是找到合適的短語來描述作者的感受。]11.A.resisted B.rememberedC.explained D.enjoyed答案D[A.resist抵制；B.remember記得；C.explain解釋；D.enjoy喜愛。根據(jù)前文“Mylaptopwasfilledwiththebeginningofnovels,half－finishedsonglyrics”以及“IfoundsomethingIwasgoodatandmoreimportantly”可推知，作者是喜歡寫作的，所以這里是找到了擅長的東西，更重要的是，找到了自己喜歡的東西。]12.A.redrafted B.copiedC.deleted D.published答案A[A.redraft重新起草；B.copy復(fù)制；C.delete刪去；D.publish出版。根據(jù)前文“IkeptpostingandslowlyIgotbetter.”可知，作者的寫作能力提高了，所以是對(duì)自己寫的文章，重新起草和編輯。]13.A.composer B.instructorC.journalist D.adventurer答案C[A.composer作曲家；B.instructor講師；C.journalist新聞?dòng)浾?；D.adventurer冒險(xiǎn)家。根據(jù)后文“Sevenyearslater,Iamhavingjustcompletedafantasticplacement(實(shí)習(xí)工作)inalocalnewspaper.”可知，作者是想成為一名記者。]14.A.friendly B.helpfulC.mean D.grateful答案D[A.friendly友好的；B.helpful有用的；C.mean吝嗇的；D.grateful感激的。根據(jù)后文“myyoungerselfforactuallylisteningtotheonepieceofadvicethatturnedoutto________most.”可知，作者年輕時(shí)聽從了一條后來證明最重要的建議，所以是感謝年少時(shí)的自己。]15.A.matter B.differC.cost D.happen答案A[A.matter有重大影響；B.differ有區(qū)別；C.cost使損失；D.happen發(fā)生。通讀全文可知，作者想嘗試一種新的生活方式，但是無人指點(diǎn)，一次作者聽從了老師讓自己寫博客的建議，從而發(fā)現(xiàn)了自己擅長和喜歡的事，自己不再孤單和害怕，所以是有重要影響的建議。]A篇Para.2：overlookv.忽視，未注意到Para.3：involvedadj.參與的；作為一部分的；有關(guān)聯(lián)的pickup拿起；舉起；提起；接收(信號(hào)或聲音)Para.4：inspirev.激勵(lì)；鼓舞transformv.徹底改變B篇Para.2：desiren.渴望；愿望；欲望deliveryn.傳送；交付；遞送Para.3：sensorn.傳感器movearound四處移動(dòng)atthespeedof...以……的速度C篇Para.1：shapev.塑造；決定……的形成，影響……的發(fā)展Para.5：restorev.恢復(fù)，使復(fù)原C篇譯文：當(dāng)鯨魚死后，它們會(huì)沉入海底，而儲(chǔ)存在它們龐大身軀中的所有碳都會(huì)從表層水轉(zhuǎn)移到深海中，在那里保存幾個(gè)世紀(jì)甚至更久。eq\a\vs4\al(專題強(qiáng)化練)專題一四選一閱讀強(qiáng)化練(一)間接信息題與跨段綜合信息題解題提示：跨段綜合信息題需要考生結(jié)合兩段或兩段以上的信息進(jìn)行綜合判斷，有一定的難度。縱觀近三年的新高考全國卷試題可以發(fā)現(xiàn)，此類題目在新高考全國卷中幾乎均有涉及?？忌谧龃祟愵}目時(shí)，需要瞻前顧后，綜合考量。對(duì)于間接信息題要特別注意原文信息到題目信息的轉(zhuǎn)換。要克服松懈思想，確保這兩類題目得滿分。Ⅰ.閱讀理解(2023·濟(jì)南高三統(tǒng)一考試)AtreeplantinginitiativeinKenyahasseenover30，000treesbeingplanted.TheGreenGenerationInitiativeisaKenyancharitythathasbeenplantingtreestocounterclimatechangeandthereductioninforestintheEastAfricannationsince2016.FoundedbyclimateactivistElizabethWathuti,theinitiative’sprimaryfocusisondevelopingyoungclimateactiviststhroughenvironmentaleducationinschoolsandaddressingfoodinsecurityintheregionthroughplantingfruittrees.Sinceitsfoundation,over30，000treeshavebeenplantedinKenya,whilethousandsofschoolchildrenhavenotjustplantedtreesbutadoptedthemtoensurethatyoungpeoplelearntheimportanceofactingasaguardianofthehealthoftheenvironment.Thetreeshaverecordedasurvivalrateofover98percent,astheycontinuegrowingfromyoungtreestomaturity.SpeakingtoworldleadersattherecentUNClimateChangeConferenceinGlasgow(COP26),Elizabethissuedaseriouswarningaboutthethreatofclimatechange：“OvertwomillionofKenyansarefacingclimate－relatedstarvation.In2025,halfoftheworld’spopulationwillbefacingwatershortage.BythetimeI’m50,theclimatecrisiswilldisplaceover80millionpeopleinsub－SaharanAfricaalone.”Elizabethsaid，“IhavebeendoingwhatIcan.InspiredbythegreatWangariMaathai,IfoundedatreegrowinginitiativethatenhancesfoodsecurityforyoungKenyans.Sofar,wehavegrown30，000fruittrees，providingdesperatelyneedednutritionforthousandsofchildren.”“Everydayweseethatwhenwelookafterthetrees,theylookafterus.WearetheadultsonthisEarthrightnow,anditisourresponsibilitytoensurethatthechildrenhavefoodandwater，”sheadded.【語篇解讀】本文是說明文。氣候活動(dòng)家ElizabethWathuti于2016年創(chuàng)立了“綠色一代倡議”。自成立以來，它已經(jīng)在肯尼亞種植了3萬多棵樹。1.Whatistheinitiativeintendedfor?A.Makingpolicies.B.Raisingmoney.C.Educatingadults.D.Fightingclimatechange.答案D[間接信息題。根據(jù)第一段中的“plantingtreestocounterclimatechangeandthereductioninforestintheEastAfricannation”可知，這項(xiàng)倡議是為了應(yīng)對(duì)氣候變化和森林減少而創(chuàng)立的。]2.WhatcrisisareKenyansencounteringatpresent?A.Hunger. B.Sickness.C.Watershortage. D.Economicrisks.答案A[間接信息題。根據(jù)第三段中的“OvertwomillionofKenyansarefacingclimate－relatedstarvation.”可以看出，肯尼亞現(xiàn)今面臨的問題是與氣候相關(guān)的饑餓問題。]3.Whathasbeenachievedsince2016inKenya?A.Over3，000treeshavebeenplanted.B.Greenawarenesshasbeenraised.C.Over80millionpeoplehavebeensaved.D.Schooleducationhasbeenguaranteed.答案B[間接信息題。根據(jù)第二段中的“Sinceitsfoundation...youngpeoplelearntheimportanceofactingasaguardianofthehealthoftheenvironment.”可知，年輕人的環(huán)保意識(shí)有所提高。]4.WhichofthefollowingcanbestdescribeElizabethWathuti?A.Friendlyandtalented.B.Caringandresponsible.C.Honestanddetermined.D.Ambitiousandhumorous.答案B[推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段中的“IfoundedatreegrowinginitiativethatenhancesfoodsecurityforyoungKenyans.”可知，ElizabethWathuti關(guān)心肯尼亞的年輕一代。根據(jù)最后一段中的“itisourresponsibilitytoensurethatthechildrenhavefoodandwater”可知，ElizabethWathuti是一個(gè)有責(zé)任心的人。B項(xiàng)“關(guān)心他人的和有責(zé)任心的”。](2023·湖南六校聯(lián)考)Ifyouarelookingforrecommendationsonbiographies(傳記)thatwilleducateyou,comediesthatwillmakeyourbellyacheorstoriesthatpresenttheuniquechallengeswomenfaceeveryday,readon.PrideandPrejudicebyJaneAustenAclassicthatnevergetsold.SetinruralEnglandattheturnof19thcentury,thistalecentersaroundtheBennetfamily,afamilyoffivedaughtersandtheirtwoparentswhoaredesperatetofindatleastoneofthedaughtersawealthymatch.Austen’sstoryfocusesonthetensionbetweenmarryingforloveinsteadofjustforpowerandfame,andtheuniquepressureonwomentofindfinancialsecuritybywayofmarriageatthetime.WomeninScience：50FearlessPioneersWhoChangedtheWorldbyRachelIgnotofskyItisasweetlyillustratedandeducationalbookthathighlightsthecontributionsof50womeninthefieldsoftechnology，science，engineeringandmathematics，fromthepresentdayallthewaybacktotheancient.GoodNightStoriesforRebelGirlsbyElenaFavilliIttellsthestoriesoffemaleheroesfromyearsagoandthepresentday.Withcolorportraitsandbiographiesthatareshortandsweet,thisbookisapage－turnerforanyonewantingtolearnaboutinfluentialwomeninthepastandpresent.BecomingbyMichelleObamaWewouldn’tbeabletowritethislistwithoutincludingMichelleObama’smemoir.BecominghastheformerFirstLadyoftheUnitedStatesdiscussingherchildhood,family,motherhood,herownimpactastheFirstLadyoftheUnitedStates,thepressuresofbeingpartofthefirstBlackfamilyintheWhiteHouseandbalancingherpubliclife.Andofcourseshewritesallaboutmeetingherhusbandandthemanyuniquechallengestheyfacedtoo.【語篇解讀】本文是應(yīng)用文。文章介紹了四本有影響力的關(guān)于女性的著作。5.Whatdidtheparentsofthefivedaughtersintendtodo?A.Tomarrytheirdaughterstorichmen.B.Tolessenpressureontheirdaughters.C.Tohelptheirdaughtersmarryfortruelove.D.Tomaketheirdaughtersfinanciallyindependent.答案A[細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)PrideandPrejudicebyJaneAusten部分中的“whoaredesperatetofindatleastoneofthedaughtersawealthymatch”可知，Bennet夫婦迫切地想要把他們的女兒嫁給有錢人。]6.Whosebookwillattractateeninterestedinscience?A.JaneAusten’s. B.RachelIgnotofsky’s.C.ElenaFavilli’s. D.MichelleObama’s.答案B[細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)WomeninScience：50FearlessPioneersWhoChangedtheWorldbyRachelIgnotofsky可知，RachelIgnotofsky寫的這本書與科學(xué)有關(guān)。]7.Whatdothefourbookshaveincommon?A.Theyareallclassics.B.Theyareallbiographies.C.Theyareallrelatedtothefemale.D.Theyareallaboutheroes.答案C[綜合信息題。根據(jù)這四本書的介紹內(nèi)容可知，這四本書的話題都與女性相關(guān)。](2023·長春高三質(zhì)量監(jiān)測(cè))Acomputerprogrammecanidentifybreastcancerfromroutinescanswithgreateraccuracythanhumanexperts.Researcherssaidtheyhopedthiscouldproveabreakthroughinthefightagainsttheglobalkiller.Breastcancerisoneofthemostcommoncancersinwomenallovertheworld,withmorethan2millionnewdiagnoseslastyearalone.Whetherbreastcancerissevereiscloselyrelatedtothetimeofdiagnosis.Therefore,theregularexaminationisvitalindetectingtheearliestsignsofthediseaseinpatientswhoshownoobvioussymptoms.InBritain,womenover50areadvisedtogetamammogram(乳房X光檢查)everythreeyears,theresultsofwhichareinterpretedbytwoindependentexpertsinordertoreduceerrorsindiagnosis.Butinterpretingthescansleavesroomforerrors,andasmallpercentageofallmammogramseitherreturnafalsepositive—misdiagnosingahealthypatientashavingcancerorfalsenegative—missingthediseaseasitspreads.NowresearchershavetrainedanartificialintelligencemodeltodetectcancerinbreastscansfromthousandsofwomeninBritainandtheUnitedStates.Theimageswerealreadyreviewedbydoctorsinreallifebutunlikeinaclinicalsetting,themachinehadnopatienthistorytoinformitsdiagnoses.TheteamfoundthattheirAImodelcouldpredictbreastcancerfromthescanswithasimilaraccuracyleveltoexpertradiographers,whoweretrainedtotakeX－rays.Further,theAIshowedareductioninthepercentageofcaseswherecancerwasincorrectlyidentified—5.7percentintheUSand1.2percentinBritainrespectively.Italsoreducedthepercentageofmisseddiagnosesby9.4percentamongUSpatientsandby2.7percentinBritainpatients.“Theearlieryouidentifyabreastcancer,thebetteritisforthepatient，”DominicKing,aUKleadingscientist,toldAFP.“Wethinkaboutthistechnologyinawaythatsupportsandenablesanexpert,orapatientultimately,togetthebestoutcomefromwhateverdiagnostics(診斷法)they’vehad.”【語篇解讀】本文是說明文。研究人員設(shè)計(jì)出了人工智能模型來協(xié)助人們更準(zhǔn)確地診斷乳腺癌。8.Whatdowelearnaboutbreastcancer?A.Ithasbecomethetopkillerofallcancers.B.Itistypicalfortwodoctorstoanalyzethescanstogether.C.Theprogramhassucceededinthefightagainstbreastcancer.D.Itsseriousnessisstronglyconnectedwiththetimeofitsdiagnosis.答案D[細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段中的“Whetherbreastcancerissevereiscloselyrelatedtothetimeofdiagnosis.”可知，乳腺癌的嚴(yán)重程度與確診時(shí)間息息相關(guān)。]9.WhichofthefollowingisNOTanadvantageoftheartificialintelligencemodel?A.Alowerpercentageofmisseddiagnoses.B.Asmallerpercentageofmistakenlyidentifiedcases.C.Noerrorinmammogramsreturningafalseresult.D.Norequirementforpatienthistorytoinformitsdiagnoses.答案C[綜合信息題。根據(jù)第五段中的“theAIshowedareduction...inBritainrespectively”可知，人工智能也存在著誤診的情況，故C項(xiàng)的表述并不是人工智能模型的優(yōu)勢(shì)。]10.WhatcanbeinferredfromDominicKing’swords?A.TheAImodelhasnodelayinthedetectionofbreastcancer.B.TheAImodelcanbeofgreathelpindiagnosingbreastcancer.C.Thetechnologywillequippatientswithmoreexpertknowledge.D.Breastcancercanbedefinitelycuredifidentifiedearlyenough.答案B[推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段中DominicKing所說的話“Wethinkaboutthistechnology...getthebestoutcome”可以看出，人工智能模型可以支持和幫助人們?cè)谠\斷乳腺癌方面取得最好的結(jié)果。]11.Whichisthemainideaofthetext?A.Acureforbreastcancerhasbeenconfirmed.B.AbreakthroughinAItechnologyhasbeenmade.C.ResearcherstrainedanAImodeltohelpdetectbreastcancer.D.Acomputerprogramavoidserrorsinidentifyingbreastcancer.答案C[文章大意題。根據(jù)文章內(nèi)容和第四段首句可知，本文主要講述了研究人員研發(fā)出了一個(gè)AI模型來幫助人們更精確地診斷乳腺癌。]Ⅱ.七選五(2023·成都統(tǒng)考二模)PushyourselvesbeyondthelimitsLimitsareblocksbetweenyouandyoursuccess.Youwillfacegreatresistancewhenattemptingtobreakthroughthelimits.Itcouldbefear,lackofconfidence,physicaldisabilities,and