電路原理專業(yè)詞匯表Glossaryof“PrinciplesofElectricCircuits”PAGEPAGE4Chapter1ElementsandLawsofElectricalCircuits電路 electricalcircuit電流 current電荷 electriccharge電壓 voltage電位 potential電位差 potentialdifference電動勢 electromotiveforce功率 power能量 energy電阻 resistor/resistance電導(dǎo) conductor/conductance電感 inductor/inductance電容 capacitor/capacitance歐姆定律 Ohm’sLaw廣義歐姆定律 generalizedOhm’sLaw參考方向 referencedirection電壓極性 voltagepolarity正極 positivepolarity負極 negativepolarity理想獨立電壓源 idealindependentvoltagesource理想獨立電流源 idealindependentcurrentsource理想受控源 idealdependent/controlledsource壓控電壓源 voltagecontrolledvoltagesource(VCVS)壓控電流源 voltagecontrolledcurrentsource(VCCS)流控電壓源 currentcontrolledvoltagesource(CCVS)流控電流源 currentcontrolledcurrentsource(CCCS)節(jié)點 node支路 branch回路 loop基爾霍夫定律 Kirchhoff’sLaw基爾霍夫電流定律 Kirchhoff’sCurrentLaw(KCL)基爾霍夫電壓定律 Kirchhoff’sVoltageLaw(KVL)閉合面 closedboundary集總參數(shù) lumpedparameter集總參數(shù)電路 lumpedcircuit集總參數(shù)元件 lumpedelement分布參數(shù) distributedparameter分布參數(shù)電路 distributedcircuit直流 directcurrent(DC)交流 alternatingcurrent(AC)有源器件 activeelement無源器件 passiveelement無損電路 losslesscircuitChapter2Analysismethodstosimpleresistorcircuits串聯(lián) seriesconnection分壓 voltagedivision并聯(lián) parallelconnection分流 currentdivision等效電阻 equivalentresistanceY-Δ變換 Wye-Deltatransformation入端電阻 inputresistanceChapter3MethodsofAnalysis支路電流法 methodofbranchcurrent節(jié)點法 NodalAnalysis回路電流法 loopcurrentmethod網(wǎng)孔電流法 meshcurrentmethod外網(wǎng)孔 outermesh自導(dǎo)納 self-admittance互導(dǎo)納 mutual-admittance矩陣 matrix行 row列 column參考節(jié)點 referencenode平面電路 planarcircuit方程 equation消去法 eliminationtechnique克萊姆法則 Cramer’srule代入法 substitutionmethod運算放大器 operationalamplifier(opamp)同向輸入端 noninvertinginput反向輸入端 invertinginput輸出端 output等效電路模型 equivalentcircuitmodel開環(huán)放大倍數(shù) open-loopgain閉環(huán)放大倍數(shù) closed-loopgain入端電阻 inputresistance輸出電阻 outputresistance線性工作區(qū) linearregion正向飽和區(qū) positivesaturation反向飽和區(qū) negativesaturation同向放大 noninvertingamplifier反向放大 invertingamplifier加法器 summingamplifier積分器 integrator微分器 differentiator自激振蕩 self-sustainedoscillation實部 realpart虛部 imaginarypart直角坐標形式 rectangularform極坐標形式 polarform指數(shù)形式 exponentialform相量 phasor參考相量 referencephasor電壓三角形 voltagetriangle瞬時功率 instantaneouspower平均功率 averagepower阻抗 impedance導(dǎo)納 admittance電抗 reactance電納 susceptance感性 inductive容性 capacitive正弦穩(wěn)態(tài)響應(yīng) sinusoidalsteady-stateresponse時域 time-domain相量域 phasor-domain視在功率 apparentpower功率因數(shù) powerfactor(pf)復(fù)功率 complexpower功率三角形 powertriangle復(fù)共軛 complexconjugate有功功率 activepower無功功率 reactivepower最大功率傳輸定理 MaximumPowerTransferTheorem功率守恒定理 Theoremofconservationofpower阻抗匹配 impedancematching共軛匹配 conjugatematchingChapter9MagneticallyCoupledCircuits耦合 couple互感 mutualinductance自感 self-inductance磁通 magneticflux互感電壓 mutual/inducedvoltage線圈 coil鐵心線圈 coilwithironcore匝數(shù) turn耦合系數(shù) couplingcoefficient變壓器 transformer空心變壓器 air-coretransformer原邊 primarycoils/windings副邊 secondarycoils/windings引入阻抗 reflectedimpendence理想變壓器 idealtransformer全耦合變壓器 unity-coupledtransformer變比 turnsratio/transformationratio自耦合變壓器 auto-transformer多繞組變壓器 multiple-windingtransformer右螺旋定則 right-handedscrewrule同名端 dottedterminal terminalsofsamemagneticpolarity漏感 leakageinductanceChapter10Resonance串聯(lián)諧振 seriesresonance并聯(lián)諧振 parallelresonance諧振頻率 resonantfrequency特性阻抗 characteristicimpedance品質(zhì)因數(shù) qualityfactor頻率響應(yīng) frequencyresponse選擇性 selectivity選頻特性 frequency-selectioncharacteristicChapter11FrequencyResponse復(fù)頻率 complexfrequency網(wǎng)絡(luò)函數(shù) networkfunction轉(zhuǎn)移函數(shù) transferfunction多項式 polynomial極點 pole零點 zero波特圖 Bodeplot分貝 decibel增益 gain對數(shù) logarithm半對數(shù) semilog轉(zhuǎn)折頻率 corner/breakfrequency截止頻率 cut-offfrequency帶寬 bandwidth無源濾波器 passivefilter有源濾波器 activefilter低通濾波器 low-passfilter高通濾波器 high-passfilter帶通濾波器 band-passfilter帶阻濾波器 band-stop/band-reject/notchfilterChapter12Three-phaseCircuits對稱三相電源 balancedthree-phasesources對稱三相電路 symmetricalthree-phasecircuit中線 neutralline中性點 neutralpoint三相四線制 three-phasefour-wiresystem相電壓 phasevoltage線電壓 linevoltage相序 phasesequence正序 positive/abcsequence負序 negative/acbsequence相電流 phasecurrent線電流 linecurrentChapter13Steady-StateResponseofPeriodicExcitation周期性非正弦激勵 nonsinusoidalperiodicexcitation三角形式的付里葉級數(shù) trigonometricFourierseries指數(shù)形式的付里葉級數(shù) exponentialFourierseries付里葉系數(shù) Fouriercoefficient基波 fundamentalharmonic基波頻率 fundamentalfrequency諧波 harmonicwave高次諧波 higherharmonic頻譜 frequencyspectrum譜線 spectrumline線狀頻譜 linespectrum奇次 odd偶次 even奇對稱 oddsymmetry偶對稱 evensymmetry半波對稱 half-wavesymmetry帕斯瓦爾定理 Parseval’stheoremChapter14FourierTransformationandLaplaceTransformation付里葉變換 Fouriertransformation拉普拉斯變換 Laplacetransformation原函數(shù) originalfunction象函數(shù) transformfunction積分變換 integraltransformation頻域 frequencydomain幅度譜 amplitudespectrum相位譜 phasespectrum矩形脈沖 rectangularpulse線性性質(zhì) linearity時域微分 timedifferentiation時域積分 timeintegration時域平移 timeshift頻域平移 frequencyshift拉普拉斯反變換 inverseLaplacetransformation拉普拉斯變換對 LaplacepairsChapter15Two-portNetworks端口 port二端口網(wǎng)絡(luò) two-portnetwork四端網(wǎng)絡(luò) four-terminalnetwork/quadripoleZ參數(shù) impedanceparametersY參數(shù) admittanceparametersH參數(shù) HybridparametersT參數(shù) Transmissionparameters策動點 drivingpoint(二端口)級聯(lián) cascadeconnection傳播常數(shù) transmissionconstantChapter16BasisofNetworkGraphTheory圖 graph拓撲圖 topologicalgraph子圖 subgraph連通圖 connectedgraph有向圖 orientedgraph樹 tree樹支 treebranch連支 link割集 cutset降階關(guān)聯(lián)矩陣 reducedincidencematrix增廣矩陣 augmentedmatrix秩 rank基本回路矩陣 fundamentalloopmatrix基本割集矩陣 fundamentalcutsetmatrix單位陣 unitmatrix轉(zhuǎn)置陣 transposedmatrix正定矩陣 positivedefinitematrix非奇異矩陣 nonsingularmatrix逆矩陣 inversematrix方陣 squarematrix零矩陣 zeromatrix行列式 determinantChapter17StateVariablesApproach狀態(tài)變量 statevariable狀態(tài)方程 stateequation狀態(tài)空間 statespace列向量 columnvector特征值 characteristicvalue特征向量 characteristic vector特征方程 characteristic equation相似矩陣 similarmatrixChapter18NonlinearDynamicCircuits非線性時變電路nonlineartime-varyingcircuit自治電路非自治電路前向歐拉法 forwardEular’smethod后向歐拉法 backwardEular’smethod相平面 狀態(tài)平面 stateplanar相軌線 中心點焦點節(jié)點鞍點平衡點 穩(wěn)定性 stability漸近穩(wěn)定 asymptoticstabilityChapter19DistributedCircuits分布參數(shù)電路 distributedcircuit傳輸線 transmissionline均勻傳輸線 uniformtransmissionline反射 reflection透射 transmission波長 wavelength波速 wavespeed行波 travelingwave駐波 standingwave正向行波 directwave反向行波 returningwave波阻抗 waveimpedance波前 wavefront傳播常數(shù) propagationconstantAppendixMagneticCircuit磁路 magneticcircuit鐵磁物質(zhì) ferromagneticsubstance磁導(dǎo)率 magneticpermeability磁感應(yīng)強度 magneticinduction磁通 magneticflux磁鏈 magneticlinkage磁通勢 magnetomotiveforce磁通密度 magneticfluxdensity磁通連續(xù)性定理 principleofcontinuityofmagneticflux磁場強度 magneticfluxintensity磁阻 reluctance磁導(dǎo) permeance安培環(huán)路定理 principleofAmpereloopcircuit磁化曲線 magnetizationcurve磁滯回線 hysteresisloop磁滯 hysteresis渦流 eddycurrent渦流損失 eddycurrentloss集膚效應(yīng) skineffect漏磁通 leakageflux磁飽和 magneticsaturation電磁感應(yīng)定律 lawofelectromagneticinduction勵磁電流 excitingcurrent《電工學上》中英名詞對照表一階電路first-ordercircuitV形曲線Vcurve三相電路three-phasecircuit三相功率three-phasepower三相三線制three-phasethree-wiresystem三相四線制three-phasefour-wiresystem三相變壓器three-phasetransformer三角形聯(lián)接trianularconnection三角波triangularwave三相異步電動機three-phaseinductionmotor支路branch支路電流法branchcurrentmethod中性點neutralpoint中性線neutralconductor中央處理器centreprocessingunit（CPU）互感mutualinductance介電常數(shù)permittivityofthedielectric瓦特Watt功率表powermeter無功功率reactivepower韋伯Weber反電動勢counteremf反相oppositeinphase反饋控制feedbackcontrol方框圖blockdiagram開路opencircuit開關(guān)switch水輪發(fā)電機water-wheelgenerator功work功率power功率因數(shù)powerfactor功率三角形powertriangle功率角powerangle電能electricenergy電荷electriccharge電場electricfield電場強度electricfieldintensity電位electricpotential電位差electricpotentialdifference電位升potentialrise電位降potentialdrop電位計potentiometer電壓voltage電壓三角形voltagetriangle電動勢electromotiveforce（emf）電源source電壓源voltagesource電流源currentsource電路circuit電路分析circuitanalysis電路元件circuitelement電路模型circuitmodel電流current電流密度currentdensity電流互感器currenttransformer電阻resistance電阻器resistor電阻性電路resistivecircuit電阻率resistivity電導(dǎo)conductance電導(dǎo)率conductivity電容capacitance電容器capacitor電容性電路capacitivecircuit電感inductance電感器inductor電感性電路inductivecircuit電橋bridge電機electricmachine電磁轉(zhuǎn)矩electromagnetictorque電角度electricaldegree電樞armature電樞反應(yīng)armaturereaction電工測量electricalmeasurement電磁式儀表electromagneticinstrument電動式儀表electrodynamicinstrument平均值averagevalue平均功率averagepower正極positivepole正方向positivedirection正弦量sinusoid正弦電流sinusoidalcurrent結(jié)點node結(jié)點電壓法nodevoltagemethod對稱三相電路symmetricalthree-phasecircuit主磁通mainflux外特性externalcharacteristic發(fā)送機transmitter他勵發(fā)電機separatelyexcitedgenerator可編程控制器programmablecontroller（PLC）安培Ampere電流表currenter安匝ampere-turns伏特Volt電壓表valeage伏安特性曲線volt-amperecharacteristic有效值effectivevalue有功功率activepower交流電路alternatingcurrentcircuit(a-ccircuit)交流電機alternating-currentmachine自感self-inductance自感電動勢self-inducedemf自耦變壓器autotransformer自勵發(fā)電機self-excitedgenerator自整角機selsyns自動控制automaticcontrol自動調(diào)節(jié)automaticregulation自鎖self-locking負極negativepole負載load負載線loadline負反饋negativefeedback動態(tài)電阻dynamicresistance并聯(lián)parallelconnection并聯(lián)諧振parallelresonance并勵發(fā)電機shuntd-cgenerator并勵電動機shuntd-cmotor并勵繞組shuntfieldvending同步發(fā)電機synchronousgenerator同步電動機synchronousmotor同步轉(zhuǎn)速synchronousspeed同相inphase機械特性torque-speedcharacteristic過勵overexcitation執(zhí)行元件servo-unit傳遞函數(shù)transferfunction傳感器transducer閉環(huán)控制closedloopcontrol回路loop網(wǎng)絡(luò)network導(dǎo)體conductor導(dǎo)納admittance階躍電壓stepvoltage全電流定律lawoftotalcurrent全響應(yīng)completeresponse麥克斯韋Maxwell基爾霍失電流定律Kirchhoff’scurrentlaw（KCL）基爾霍失電壓定律Kirchhof’svoltagelaw（KVL）庫侖Coulomb亨利Henry角頻率angularfrequency串聯(lián)seriesconnection串聯(lián)諧振seriesresonance串勵繞組seriesfieldwinding阻抗impedance阻抗三角形impedancetriangle阻轉(zhuǎn)矩countertorque初相位initialphase時間常數(shù)timeconstant時域分析timedomainanalysis時間繼電器time-delayrelay勵磁電流excitingcurrent勵磁機exciter勵磁繞組fieldwinding勵磁電流excitingcurrent勵磁變阻器fieldrheostat兩相異步電動機two-phaseinductionmotor兩功率表法two-powermetermethod伺服電動機servomotor步進電動機steppingmotor步距角stepangle汽輪發(fā)電機turboalternator直流電路directcurrentcircuit(d-ccir-cuit)直流電機direct-currentmachine法拉Farad空載no-load空載特性open-circuitcharacteristic空氣隙airgap非線性電阻nonlinearresistance非正弦周期電流nonsinusoidalperiodic受控電源controlledsource變壓器transformer變比rationoftransformation變阻器rheostat線電壓linevoltage線電流linecurrent線圈coil線性電阻linearresistance周期period參考電位referencepotential參數(shù)parameter視在功率apparentpower定子stator轉(zhuǎn)子rotor轉(zhuǎn)子電流rotorcurrent轉(zhuǎn)差率slip轉(zhuǎn)速speed轉(zhuǎn)矩torque組合開關(guān)switchgroup制動braking單相異步電動機single-phaseinductionmotor相phase相電壓phasevoltage相電流phasecurrent相位差phasedifference相位角phaseangle相序phasesequence相量phasor相量圖phasordiagram響應(yīng)response星形聯(lián)接starconnection復(fù)數(shù)complexnumber阻抗impedance導(dǎo)納admittance復(fù)勵發(fā)電機compoundd-cgenerator歐姆Ohm歐姆定律Ohm'slaw等效電路equivalentcircuit品質(zhì)因數(shù)qualityfactor絕緣insulation絕緣體insulator顯極轉(zhuǎn)子salientpolesrotor測速發(fā)電機tachometergenerator繞組winding繞線式轉(zhuǎn)子woundrotor起動starting起動電流startingcurrent起動轉(zhuǎn)矩startingtorque起動按鈕startbutton容抗capacitivereactance容納capacitivesusceptance諾頓定理Norton'stheorem高斯Gauss原動機primemover原繞組primarywinding鐵心core鐵損coreloss矩形波rectangularwave特征方程characteristicequation積分電路integratingcircuit效率efficiency振蕩放電oscilltorydischarge繼電器relay熱繼電器thermaloverloadrelay（OLR）換向器commutator調(diào)節(jié)特性regulatingcharacteristic調(diào)速speedregulation繼電接觸器控制relay-contactorcontrol副繞組secondarywinding銅損copperloss基波fundamentalharmonic諧波harmonic諧振頻率resonantfrequency通頻帶bandwidth理想電壓源idealvoltagesource理想電流源idealcurrentsource減幅振蕩attenuatedoscillation常開觸點normallyopencontact常閉觸點normallyclosedcontact停止stopping停止按鈕stopbutton接收機receiver接觸器contactor控制電動機controlmotor控制電路controlcircuit旋轉(zhuǎn)磁場rotatingmagneticfield隱極轉(zhuǎn)子nonsalientpolesrotor渦流eddycurrent渦流損耗eddy-currentloss焦耳Joule奧斯特Oersted短路shortcircuit鋸齒波sawtoothwave幅值amplitude最大值maximumvalue最大轉(zhuǎn)矩maximum（breakdown）torque滯后lag超前l(fā)ead傅里葉級數(shù)Fourierseries暫態(tài)transientstate暫態(tài)分量transientcomponent等幅振蕩unattenuatedoscillation聯(lián)鎖interlocking感抗inductivereactance感納inductivesusceptance感應(yīng)電動勢inducedemf楞次定則Lenz'slaw頻率frequency頻域分析frequencydomainanalysis頻譜spectrum輸入input輸出output微法microfarad微分電路differentiatingcircuit疊加原理superpositiontheorem零狀態(tài)響應(yīng)zero-stateresponse零輸入響應(yīng)zero-inputresponse罩極式電動機shaded-polemotor滑環(huán)slipring鼠籠式轉(zhuǎn)子squirrel-cagerotor截止角頻率cutoffangularfrequency濾波器filters磁場magneticfield磁場強度magnetizingfarce磁路magneticcircuit磁通flux磁感應(yīng)強度fluxdensity磁通勢magnetomotiveforce（mmf）磁阻reluctance磁導(dǎo)率permeability磁化magnetization磁化曲線magnetizationcurve磁滯hysteresis磁滯回線hysteresisloop磁滯損耗hysteresisloss磁極pol磁電式儀表magnetoelectricinstrument漏磁通leakageflux漏磁電感l(wèi)eakageinductance漏磁電動勢leakageemf赫茲Hertz穩(wěn)態(tài)steadystate穩(wěn)態(tài)分量steadystatecomponent靜態(tài)電阻staticresistance碳刷carbonbrush額定值ratedvalue額定ratedvoltage額定功率ratedpower額定轉(zhuǎn)矩tatedtorque瞬時值instantaneousvalue戴維寧定理Thevenin'stheorem激勵excitation滿載fullload槽fuse熔斷器fuse

《電工學下》中英名詞對照表二畫PN結(jié)PNjunctionP型半導(dǎo)體P-typesemiconductorJK觸發(fā)器JKflip-flopD觸發(fā)器Dflip-flop二極管diode二進制binarysystem二進制計數(shù)器binarycounter十進制decimalsystem十進制計數(shù)器decimalcounter二—十進制binarycodeddecimalsystem（BCD）三畫RC選頻網(wǎng)絡(luò)RCselectionfrequencynetworkRS觸發(fā)器RSflip-flopN型半導(dǎo)體N-typesemiconductorN溝道N-channel門電路gatecircuit三態(tài)邏輯門tri-statelogicgate三相整流器three-phaserectifier工作點operatingpoint干擾interference上升沿riseedge下降沿falledge四畫方框圖blockdiagram雙穩(wěn)態(tài)觸發(fā)器bistableflip-flop無穩(wěn)態(tài)觸發(fā)器astableflip-flop無輸出變壓器功率放大器outputtransformerless（OTL）poweramplifier無輸出電容器功率放大器outputcapacitorless（OCL）poweramplifier反向電阻backwardresistance反向偏置backwardbias反向擊穿reversebreakdown反相器inverter反饋feedback反饋系數(shù)feedbackcoefficient互補對稱功率放大器complementarysymmetrypoweramplifier少數(shù)載流子minoritycarrier分立電路discretecircuit分貝decibel（DB）分頻frequencydivision分辨率resolution開啟電壓thresholdvoltage開關(guān)型直流電源switchingmodedirectpowersupply計數(shù)器counter與門ANDgate與非門NANDgate與或非門and-or-invert（AOI）gate卡諾圖Karnaughmap五畫電感濾波器inductancefilter電容濾波器capacitorfilter電流放大系數(shù)currentamplificationcoefficient電壓放大器voltageamplifier電壓放大倍數(shù)voltagegain電壓比較器voltagecomparator主從型觸發(fā)器master-slaveflip-flop失真distortion只讀存儲器readonlymemory（ROM）可編程邏輯器件programmablelogicdevice（PLD）可關(guān)斷晶閘管gateturn-offthyristor（GTO）功率放大器poweramplifier功率晶體管gianttransistor（GTR）正向電阻forwardresistance正向偏置forwardbias正反饋positivefeedback正弦波振蕩器sinusoidaloscillator正邏輯positivelogic擊穿breakdown占空比dutyratio加法器adder發(fā)射極emitter發(fā)光二極管light-emittingdiode（LED）布爾代數(shù)Booleanalgebra半波可控整流half-wavecontrolledrectifier半波整流器half-waverectifier半加器half-adder半導(dǎo)體semiconductor本征半導(dǎo)體intrinsicsemiconductor失調(diào)電壓offsetvoltage失調(diào)電流offsetcurrent平均延遲時間averagedelaytime六畫共模信號common-modesignal共模輸入common-modeinput共模抑制比common-moderejectionratio（CMRR）共發(fā)射極接法common-emitterconfiguration共價鍵covalentbond動態(tài)dynamics雜質(zhì)impurity伏安特性volt-amperecharacteristics擴散diffusion全波整流器biphase（full–wave）rectifier全波可控整流biphasecontrolledrectifier全加器fulladder全局布線區(qū)globalroutingpool（GRP）負反饋negativefeedback負載電阻loadresistance負載線loadline負電阻negativeresistance負邏輯negativelogic夾斷電壓pinch-offvoltage多級放大器multistageamplifier多數(shù)載流子majoritycarrier多諧振蕩器astablemultivibrator自由電子freeelectron自激振蕩器self-excitedoscillator自偏壓self-bias導(dǎo)通on導(dǎo)電溝道conductive在系統(tǒng)可編程insystemprogrammable（ISP）異或門exclusive-ORgate異步二進制計數(shù)器asynchronousbinarycounter同步二進制計數(shù)器synchronousbinarycounter同或門exclusive-NORgate發(fā)光二極管light-emittingdiode（LED）場效晶體管field-effecttransistor（FET）光敏電阻photo-sensitiveresistor光電二極管photodiode光電晶體管phototransistor光電藕合器photocoupler傳輸門transmissiongate（TG）傳輸特性transfercharacteristics七畫運算放大器operationalamplifier低頻放大器low-frequencyamplifier時鐘脈沖clockpulse時序邏輯電路sequentiallogiccircuit谷點valleypoint譯碼器decipherer阻容—耦合放大器resistance-capacitancecoupledamplifier阻斷interception阻擋層barrier采樣保持sampleandhold串聯(lián)型穩(wěn)壓電源seriesvoltagergulator八畫空穴hole空間電荷區(qū)space-chargelayer固定偏置fixed-bias直接耦合放大器direct-coupledamplifier單穩(wěn)態(tài)觸發(fā)器monostableflip-flop單結(jié)晶體管unijuctiontransistor（UJT）金屬—氧化物—半導(dǎo)體metal-oxide-semiconductor（MOS）非門NOTgate非線性失真nonlineardiatortion或門ORgate或非門NORgate飽和saturation轉(zhuǎn)移特性transfercharacteristic定時器timer參數(shù)par