詞義猜測(cè)題根據(jù)文章選擇正確的選項(xiàng)1.（2023年浙江紹興高三統(tǒng)考）AsthepandemicbegantotakeitstollonNewYorkinMarch2020,InvisibleHandsDeliverwitnessedamassiveoutpouringofsupportfromlike-mindedindividualsinthecommunity.Besidesvolunteeringtodelivergroceriesforfree,NewYorkersalsoreachedouttotranslatetheInvisibleHandsflyersintooveradozenlanguages,enablingtheorganisationtoreachouttomoremembersofthecommunity.Whatdoestheunderlinedphrase“takeitstoll”meaninparagraph3?A．Causegreatdamage. B．Reducetheimpact.C．Fillahugegap. D．Recoverslowly.2.（2023年浙江寧波高三校聯(lián)考）Thebarefactisthatwewillcontinuetoimproveourintelligentmachines.Wehaveproblemsthatwedesperatelyneedtosolve.Sowewilldothis,ifwecan.Thetrainisalreadyoutofthestation,andthere’snobraketopull.Ifwebuildmachinesthataremoreintelligentthanweare,theywillverylikelydevelopinwaysthatwecan’timagine,andtranscendusinwaysthatwecan’timagine.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“transcend”inParagraph3mean?A．Disable. B．Inspire. C．Disappoint. D．Outpace.3.（2023年浙江寧波高三校聯(lián)考）TheNationalMeritScholarshipisoneawardedtothosewhodowellonthePreliminarySATortheNationalMeritScholarshipQualifyingTest.TheNationalMeritScholarshipCorporationwillgrantaround7,600studentsthescholarshipafteranintensefilteringofabout1.6millionentries.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“filtering”meaninparagraph2?A．Selecting. B．Cooperating. C．Fighting. D．Matching.（2023年湖北襄陽(yáng)四中模擬測(cè)試）Itmayseemverydifferent,butbabiesarecertainlynotlyingaroundrandomly.“Babiesdon’texploretheworldbychance,withtheireyesfallingonit.Babieshaveastrategyiftheywanttounderstandtheworld.First,theylookforthosepiecesofinformationthatallowthemtounderstandotherinformationfasterandmoreefficiently.Onthecontrary,iftheyseeanobjectoreventfromwhichtheycanlearnnothingfurther,theysimplyrejectit.Onlytheinformationusefultothem,theyselect.”saysDrFrancescoPoli.Thatsoundseasier,evenforababy,thandone.Buthowdoesababyknowwhatisimportantandwhatisnot?（2023年湖北黃岡中學(xué)校考二模）Just17monthsearlier,thistriphadseemedimpossible.InMay2017,MavaniwasdiagnosedwithtypeIdiabetes(糖尿病).Shesays,“Ifeltsolow,thinking,‘WhatamIgoingtodonowinlife,stuckwiththis?’”ThenewsputinjeopardyallMavani’shopesoftravelling.Sheretiredtheyearbeforeandhersoneventuallyflewthenest.“Ifeltfree.Itwasmychance.Ithought,‘Hooray,Icanenjoylife.’”ButherdiagnosismadeMavaniscaredtoleavethehouse.Hereldersistercametohelp,butMavani“couldn’twalktothelocalpark”withoutfeelingunwell.Veryslowly,Mavanibuiltherselfupfromwalkingaroundtheblocktotakinggentlegymclasses.ItwastherethatshemetHazel,whoinvitedhertoatalkaboutclimbingKilimanjaro.Whatdoestheunderlinedpart“putinjeopardy”inparagraph3mean?A．Revealed. B．Inspired. C．Announced. D．Threatened.6.（2023年江蘇南京金陵中模擬預(yù)測(cè)）Asparents,wealwayshopetodevelopcharactertraitsinourchildrenthatwillenhancetheirsuccessinlife.WhenourdaughterMeegan,theeldestoffivechildren,lostherfronttoothattheageofsix,wefoundthefollowingnotewrappedaroundthetinytooth.DerToothFairy，Plezelevemeyormajikwand(杖).Iwanttobeatoothfairy,too.LuvMeeganRecognizingpotentialleadershipskills,preciousopportunityandtheteachablemoment,the“ToothFairy”leftthefollowingnoteforlittleMeegan:Whatdoestheunderlinedphrase“theteachablemoment”referto?A．Meeganlostatooth. B．Meeganwrappedatooth.C．Meeganwroteanote. D．Meeganreceivedanote.7.（2023年江蘇南京金陵中學(xué)模擬預(yù)測(cè)）Meanwhile,itappearsthatschoolsaretryinghardtofigureouthowtocounteracttheuseofChatGPT.ManyschoolshavebannedChatGPTonschooldevicesandnetworks,andeducatorsareadjustingtheirteachingstyles.Someareturningtomorein-classessays,whileothersarelookingathowtheycanincorporatethetechnologyintotheclassroom.What’sthemeaningoftheunderlinedword“counteract”inparagraph5?A．reduce B．increase C．support D．delay（2023年江蘇南通海安高級(jí)中學(xué)統(tǒng)考）“OneofthebiggestproblemswithChatGPTisthatitcomesback,veryconfidently,withfalsities,”MichaelWooldridgeattheAlanTuringInstituteinLondon,UK,toldTheGuardian.ThismeansthatChatGPTdoesn’tknowthetruthabouttheworld—itlearnsinformationfromvariousresourcesbutitcannotdecidewhatistrueorfalse.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“falsities”meaninthelastbutoneparagraph?A．Falseinformation. B．Somethingnew.C．Variousresources. D．Timelyresponses.9.（2023年福建福州高中模擬預(yù)測(cè)）Theresearchersfoundthatparticipantswhowatchedvideoswiththehuman-likerobotweremorelikelytoratetherobot’sactionsasintentional,ratherthanprogrammed,whilethosewhoonlyinteractedwiththemachine-likerobotwerenot.Thisshowsthatmereexposuretoahuman-likerobotisnotenoughtomakepeoplebelieveitiscapableofthoughtsandemotions.Itishuman-likebehaviorthatmightbecrucialforbeingdeemedasanintentionalagent.Whatdoestheunderlinedword”deemed“inparagraph4probablymean?A．Believed. B．Persuaded. C．Performed. D．Advocated.10.（2023年湖南長(zhǎng)沙雅禮中學(xué)二模）Afewyearsago,whenIwascaringformyseriouslyillfather,Ilostmyvoice.Atfirst,IjustsoundedhoarsewhenIwashavingdifficultconversationsaboutDad’scondition.Butbeforelong,Icouldn’tevensay“Yesplease”toacupofteawithoutsoundinglikeanunusuallybreathlessMinnieMouse.Afterconsultinganear,noseandthroatspecialist,IwastoldthatIhadlostmyvoiceduetostress.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“hoarse”meaninthefirstparagraph?A．Unabletospeak.B．Unabletoexpressoneself.C．(Sounding)sweetandsmooth.D．(Sounding)roughandunpleasant.11.（2023年湖南師大附中一模）Afewweeksearlier,thefamiliesherehadlearnedthedistrictwasplanningtodiminishtheFilipinolanguageprogramatLongfellowElementarySchoolbycombiningitskindergartenandfirst-gradeclasses,decreasingthenumberofspotsavailablebyroughlyhalf.LocatedinSanFrancisco’sExcelsiorneighborhood,theschoolhostsalargeFilipinostudentbody.Itsfull-daylanguageprogramisoneofjustahandfulofprogramsthroughoutthecountryofferinganelementaryschool-levelethnicstudiescurriculum.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“diminish”meaninparagraph3?A．Continue. B．Launch. C．End. D．Reduce.（2023湖南長(zhǎng)沙長(zhǎng)郡中學(xué)模擬預(yù)測(cè)）ForanatmospherewithEarth’satmosphericpressure,CO2levelsashighas1percentcancausesleepinessinhumans,andoncewereachlevelsof10percentCO2,wewillsuffocateevenifthereisabundantoxygen.Theproposedabsolutebest-casescenario(設(shè)想)forchangingMarsleavesuswithanatmosphereweareincapableofbreathing.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“suffocate”meaninParagraph4?A．Choke.B．Faint.C．Hurt.D．Explode..（2023年湖南長(zhǎng)沙一中三模）Dogscanbetrainedtorolloverandplaydead.Buttheirancientinstinctsfromtheirwolfancestorsarestillthere.Instincts,orinstinctivebehaviors,arebehaviorsthataredonewithoutthinking.Theydon’thavetobelearned.Forexample,somedogswillscratchthegroundafterpooping(排便).Butthey’renottryingtoburytheirpoop.Theywantotheranimalstonoticeit.“Theyaredepositingsmellinthoseareas,”Siracusasaid.“It’salmostlikedrawingapicturewithabigredmarkeraroundit,”headded.Whichcanbestreplacetheword“depositing”inParagraph3?A．leaving B．hiding C．removing D．detecting（2023廣東深圳·外國(guó)語(yǔ)學(xué)校階段練習(xí)）Morethan100countriesworldwidesellHappyMealsatMcDonald’slocations.Theburgerchainbegansellingthemealsin1979.In2018,afterwidespreadconcernaboutchildren’smealsatfast-foodrestaurants,thecompanyrevampeditsoptionstoselectionsthatwerelowerincalories,sodium,saturatedfatandsugar.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“revamped”inParagraph2mean?A．Challenged. B．Offered. C．Adjusted. D．Distributed.（2023廣東深圳外國(guó)語(yǔ)學(xué)校模擬測(cè)試）ThisstudycomesaheadofaUnitedNationsmeetinginChinatodiscussbiodiversity(生物多樣性)goalsforthenextdecade.Severalcountrieshavealreadycommittedtoprotecting30percentoftheplanetby2030,yettheresearcherssaythisalonedoesnotnecessarilyguaranteepositiveoutcomesforspecies.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“this”inParagraph3referto?A．Doingsomethingpositive. B．Organizingthemeeting.C．Talkingaboutbiodiversity. D．Expandingprotectedareas.用適當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~填空（2023年全國(guó)乙卷D篇）TheCaribbeanTaino,theAustralianAboriginals,theAfricanpeopleofBeninandtheIncas,allofwhomappearinthisbook,canspeaktousnowoftheirpastachievementsmostpowerfullythroughtheobjectstheymade:ahistorytoldthroughthingsgivesthembackavoice.Whenweconsidercontact(聯(lián)系)betweenliterateandnon-literatesocietiessuchasthese,allourfirst-handaccountsarenecessarilytwisted,onlyonehalfofadialogue.Ifwearetofindtheotherhalfofthatconversation,wehavetoreadnotjustthetexts,buttheobjects.14.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“conversation”inparagraph3referto?A.Problem. B.History. C.Voice. D.Society.（2022年新課標(biāo)I卷C篇）WendyWilson,extracaremanagerat60PenfoldStreet,oneofthefirsttoembarkontheproject,said:“Residentsreallywelcometheideaoftheprojectandthecreativesessions.Wearelookingforwardtothebenefitsandfuntheprojectcanbringtopeoplehere.”LynnLewis,directorofNottingHillPathways,said:“Wearehappytobetakingpartintheproject.Itwillreallyhelpconnectourresidentsthroughasharedinterestandcreativeactivities.”30．Whatdotheunderlinedwords“embarkon”meaninparagraph7?A．Improve. B．Oppose. C．Begin. D．Evaluate.（2022年新課標(biāo)II卷C篇）ThishithomeformeasIwassittingwithmy2-year-oldgrandsononasofaovertheSpringFestivalholiday.Ihadbroughtachildren’sbooktoread.Ithadsimplewordsandcolorfulpictures—aperfectmatchforhisage.Whatdotheunderlinedwords“hithomeforme”meaninparagraph2?A．Providedshelterforme. B．Becameverycleartome.C．Tookthepressureoffme. D．Workedquitewellonme.（2022年全國(guó)甲卷C篇）Eversinceherchildhood,Ginni,now71,hashadadeeplovefortravel.Throughouthercareer(職業(yè))asaprofessionaldancer,shetouredintheUK,butalwayslongedtoexplorefurther.Whensheretiredfromdancingandhersonseventuallyflewthenest,shedecideditwastimetotaketheplunge.28．Whichofthefollowingbestexplains“taketheplunge”underlinedinparagraph2?A．Trychallengingthings. B．Takeadegree.C．Bringbacklostmemories. D．Sticktoapromise.(2022年全國(guó)乙卷)Thatincludeshugesavingsinmaintenancecostsandbetterprotectionofrailwaypersonnelsafety.ItiscalculatedthatEuropeanrailwaysalonespendapproximately20billioneurosayearonmaintenance,includingsendingmaintenancestaff,oftenatnight,toinspectandrepairtherailinfrastructure.Thatcanbedangerousworkthatcouldbeavoidedwithdronesassistingthecrews’efforts.29.Whatdoes“maintenance”underlinedinparagraph3referto?A．Personnelsafety. B．Assistancefromdrones.C．Inspectionandrepair. D．Constructionofinfrastructure.（2022年浙江卷6月）Howlongwestayontheclockandhowwespendthattimeareundercarefulexaminationinmanyworkplaces.Theyoungbankerwhoeatslunchathisdeskisprobablyseenasago-getter,whilehiscolleagueswhochatoverarelaxedconference-roommealgetdirtylooksfromthecorneroffice.28．Theunderlinedword“go-getter”inparagraph3referstosomeoneWho_______.A．isgoodathandlingpressure B．workshardtobecomesuccessfulC．a(chǎn)hasanaturaltalentforhisjob. D．getsonwellwithhisco-workers（2021年全國(guó)乙卷）Inthepastfewyears,anincreasingnumberofpeopleandorganisationshavebeguncomingupwithplanstocounterthistrend.Acoupleofyearsagofilm-makerDavidBondrealisedthathischildren,thenagedfiveandthree,wereattachedtoscreenstothepointwherehewasabletosay“chocolate”intohisthree-year-oldson’searwithoutgettingaresponse.Herealisedthatsomethingneededtochange,and,beingaLondonmediatype,appointedhimself“marketingdirectorfromNature”.Hedocumentedhisjourneyashesetabouttreatingnatureasabrandtobemarketedtoyoungpeople.TheresultwasProjectWildThing,afilmwhichchartsthebirthoftheWorldNetwork,agroupoforganisationswiththecommongoalofgettingchildrenoutintonature.25.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“concede”inparagraph3mean?A.Admit. B.Argue.C.Remember. D.Remark.8.（2021年新高考I卷）WhentheexplorersfirstsetfootuponthecontinentofNorthAmerica,theskiesandlandswerealivewithanastonishingvarietyofwildlife.NativeAmericanshadtakencareofthesepreciousnaturalresourceswisely.Unfortunately,ittooktheexplorersandthesettlerswhofollowedonlyafewdecadestodecimatealargepartoftheseresources.Millionsofwaterfowl(水禽)werekilledatthehandsofmarkethuntersandahandfulofoverlyambitioussportsmen.Millionsofacresofwetlandsweredriedtofeedandhousetheever-increasingpopulations,greatlyreducingwaterfowlhabitat.29.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“decimate”meaninthefirstparagraph?A.Acquire. B.Export.C.Destroy. D.Distribute.（2021年新高考II卷）Astheygrewmoremobile,weletthemmovefreelyaroundthehouseduringtheday,butwhenwewereasleepwehadtocontaintheminalargeroom,otherwisethey'dgetuptomischief.We'dcomedowninthemorningtofindthey'dturnedtheroomupsidedown,andleftitlooki