專題04社會服務(wù)與人際溝通（解析版）

【材料來源：TheNewYorkTimesOct19,2023]

TheEssentialSkillsforBeingHuman

Whetheritwasnatureornurture,Igrewintoapersonwhowasabitdetached,whichwasgoodforacareerin

journalismbutnotforemotionalavailabilityorajoyouslife.Intruth,Iwasapracticedescapeartist.Ifyou

revealedsomevulnerableintimacytome,Iwasgoodatmakingmeaningfuleyecontactwithyourshoesandthen

excusingmyselftokeepavitallyimportantappointmentwithmydrycleaner.

Lifehasawayoftenderizingyou,though.Pmnotanexceptionalperson,butIamagrower.

Ihavelearnedsomethingprofoundalongtheway.Beingopenheartedisaprerequisiteforbeingafull,kind

andwisehumanbeing.Butitisnotenough.Peopleneedsocialskills:beingcuriousaboutotherpeople;disagreeing

withoutpoisoningrelationships;revealingvulnerabilityatanappropriatepace;beingagoodlistener;knowinghow

toaskforandofferforgiveness;knowinghowtohostagatheringwhereeveryonefeelsembraced;knowinghowto

seethingsfromanother'spointofview.

Inanycollectionofhumans,therearediminishersandthereareilluminators.Diminishersaresointo

themselves;theymakeothersfeelinsignificant.Theystereotypeandlabel.Iftheylearnonethingaboutyou,they

proceedtomakeaseriesofassumptionsaboutwhoyoumustbe.

Illuminators,ontheotherhand,haveapersistentcuriosityaboutotherpeople.Theyhavebeentrainedorhave

trainedthemselvesinthecraftofunderstandingothers.Theyknowhowtoasktherightquestionsattherighttimes-

sothattheycanseethings,atleastabit,fromanother*spointofview.Theyshinethebrightnessoftheircareon

peopleandmakethemfeelbigger,respected,litup.

Apersonwhoradiateswarmthwillbringouttheglowingsidesofthepeoplehemeets,whileapersonwho

conveysformalitycanmeetthesamepeopleandfindthemstiffanddetached."Attention,“thepsychiatristIain

McGilchristwrites,a4isamoralact:Itcreates,bringsaspectsofthingsintobeing.^^

【譯文欣賞】

做人的必備技能

不管是天性使然還是后天教化，總之我成長為了一個有點疏離的人。這種疏離感對于從事新聞工作是

有利的，但是在表達(dá)情感或收獲幸福的層面，則相反。事實上，我是個經(jīng)驗豐富的“逃避大師”。如果你

對我展現(xiàn)出卸下防備的親密行為，我就會用力地盯著你的鞋子，然后找個和干洗店有約的借口逃之夭夭。

不過，生活總有辦法讓你變得溫柔。我雖然不算是個杰出的人，但我會讓自己不斷成長。

一路走來，我學(xué)到了一些深刻的東西。要成為一個完整、善良、明智的人，敞開心扉是先決條件。但

僅僅這樣是不夠的。人們需要社交技能：對他人感到好奇；在不損害關(guān)系的情況下表達(dá)異議；在恰當(dāng)?shù)臅r

間展示自己的弱點；做一個好的傾聽者；知道如何請求或給予原諒；能組織一個讓所有人都能融入其中的

聚會；懂得站在他人的角度看待問題。

在任何一個群體中，都會有“貶低者”和“啟迪者”這兩種人。貶低者太過關(guān)注自己；他們讓別人感

到渺小。他們會依靠刻板印象將他人標(biāo)簽化。如果他們了解了你的一件事，就會轉(zhuǎn)而對你是怎樣的人作出

一系列假設(shè)。

相反，啟迪者則對別人有著持久的好奇心。他們學(xué)習(xí)過或自學(xué)過理解他人的技巧。他們知道如何在恰

當(dāng)?shù)臅r間問出恰當(dāng)?shù)膯栴}，這樣至少在一定程度上，可以從別人的角度看待事物。啟迪者用充滿關(guān)懷的光

芒照亮他人，使他人感到自己更重要、受尊重、光芒四射。

一個散發(fā)溫暖的人會讓他遇見的人煥發(fā)光彩，而一個喜歡“端著”的人與同一批人相遇，則會覺得對

方生硬冷漠。精神科醫(yī)生伊恩?麥吉爾克里斯特(lainMcGilchrist)寫道：“關(guān)心是一種道德行為：它具有

創(chuàng)造性，能夠使事物的各個方面得以展現(xiàn)。”

【詞匯積累】

1.essence/'esans/n.本質(zhì)，要素

2.nature/'neitfar/n.后天的教養(yǎng)v.養(yǎng)育，培養(yǎng)

3.detached/di'tzetft/adj.疏離的

4.vulnerable/'vAlnsrabal/adj,容易受傷害的，脆弱的

5.intimacy/'mtimasi/n.親密

6.tenderize/'tendaraiz/v.使…變得柔軟、溫柔

7.exceptional/ik'sepjbnal/adj.異常的，例外的

8.profound/prs'faond/adj.深厚的；意義深遠(yuǎn)的

9.prerequisite/,pri:rekwazit/n.前提，先決條件

lO.diminisher/di'mimjar/n.貶低者

11.illuminator/i'lu:mmeit9r/n.啟迪者

12.stereotype/'steria.taip/n.刻板印象

13.persistent/por'sistant/adj.持續(xù)的，持久的

14.formality/foT'maehti/n.固定流程，例行公事

15.stiff/stif?adj.呆板的；堅硬的；僵硬的；嚴(yán)厲的；拘謹(jǐn)?shù)?/p>

【長難句分析】

原句

Apersonwhoradiateswarmthwillbringouttheglowingsidesofthepeoplehemeets,whileapersonwhoconveys

formalitycanmeetthesamepeopleandfindthemstiffanddetached.

譯文

個散發(fā)溫暖的人會讓他遇見的人煥發(fā)光彩，而一個喜歡“端著”的人與同一批人相遇，則會覺得對方生硬

冷漠。

分析

主句：

+一[主句：Apersonwhoradiateswarmthwillbringouttheglowingsidesofthepeoplehemeets]

I

+一[并歹U句：whileapersonwhoconveysformalitycanmeetthesamepeopleandfindthemstiffanddetached]

I

十一[主句：Apersonwhoradiateswarmthwillbringouttheglowingsidesofthepeoplehemeets]

II

|+-[主語：Aperson]

II

+一[定語從句：whoradiateswarmth]

III

+—[并歹U句：whileapersonwhoconveysformalitycanmeetthesamepeopleandfindthemstiffand

detached]

I

+--[連詞:while]

I

+一]定語從句:whoconveysformality]

（一）

（2024?四川成都?模擬預(yù)測）VolunteerOpportunitiesforKids

Animalsheltervolunteering

Ifyourchildisananimallover,thenvolunteeringatalocalanimalsheltercouldbeagreatoption.Most

animalsheltersprovidevolunteeropportunities.Theyneedvolunteersforcleaningkennels,feeding,walkingdogs

andsoon.Usually,aslongasthechildhassignedpermissionfromtheirparentsorguardian,theycanvolunteeras

youngas14,evenyoungeriftheirparentsbringthemandsupervisetheirvolunteertime.

Tutoring

Ifyourchildisagoodstudentandenjoysschoolorevenjustaspecificsubject,volunteeringtotutorlower

gradestudentsisagreatopportunity.Helpingstrugglingstudentscatchuporgraspaconceptcanmakeyourfriend

feelgreat.Itisaneasyandconvenientwaytogetyourteenvolunteeringafterschool.Andwesuggesttheage

shouldbeolderthan14.

Youthsports

Anothergreatopportunitytogetyourkidvolunteeringisinsports.Ifyourchildhasyearsofexperiencewith

anysport,theycanmostlikelyfindanopportunitytohelpoutyoungerkids.Mostyouthsportsneedteenage

volunteerstobeanassistantcoachorareferee.Teenagerscanvolunteerinmaintenancetospruceup（使整潔）

fields,orincleanupaftergamedays.Theageofvolunteersisrequiredbeyond14.Contactanylocalsportsleague

togetspecificsonwheretheymaybeneedingvolunteers.

Serviceprojectsforteens

Cleaningupacommonspacesuchasaparkorwalkingtrailisagreatwaytogetactiveinthecommunity,

andyourteencanevenincludetheirfriendsintheirvolunteereffort.Moredetailprojectsmayincludesomething

likebuildingashadestructureatalocalplaygroundorplantingtrees.Wesuggesttheageofthekidsshouldbe

olderthan14.

1.Ofthefollowingvolunteeropportunities,whichissuitableforkidsunder14?

A.Tutoring.B.Serviceprojectsforteens.

C.Youthsports.D.Animalsheltervolunteering.

2.Whatcankidsdowhenvolunteeringinsports?

A.Theycanteachyoungerplayers.

B.Theycangiveassistancetoreferees.

C.Theycanbecomeprofessionalcoaches.

D.Theyarewelcometovisitlocalsportsleague.

3.Whoisthepassageintendedfor?

A.Kids9parents.B.Sportsworkers.

C.Animallovers.D.Schoolteachers.

【答案速查】1.D2.B3.A

【語篇解讀】本文是一篇應(yīng)用文。本文主要介紹了適合兒童和青少年的志愿活動，包括在動物收容所

志愿服務(wù)、輔導(dǎo)低年級學(xué)生、參與青少年體育運動以及參與社區(qū)服務(wù)項目等。

1.細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)Animalsheltervolunteering部分中“Usually,aslongasthechildhassigned

permissionfromtheirparentsorguardian,theycanvolunteerasyoungas14,evenyoungeriftheirparentsbring

themandsupervisetheirvolunteertime.（通常，只要孩子得到父母或監(jiān)護(hù)人的同意，他們就可以在14歲時做

志愿者，如果父母帶他們來并監(jiān)督他們的志愿者時間，他們甚至可以更小。）”可知，只要孩子有家長或監(jiān)護(hù)

人的簽名同意，他們甚至可以從14歲開始志愿服務(wù)，如果家長陪同并監(jiān)督，年齡可以更小。因此，在動物

收容所志愿服務(wù)是適合14歲以下孩子的志愿活動。故選D。

2.細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)Youthsports部分中“Mostyouthsportsneedteenagevolunteerstobeanassistant

coachorareferee.（大多數(shù)青少年運動都需要青少年志愿者擔(dān)任助理教練或裁判。廣可知，青少年在體育活動

中可以擔(dān)任助理教練或裁判。因此，他們可以給裁判員提供幫助。故選B。

3.推理判斷題。根據(jù)本篇文章標(biāo)題“VolunteerOpportunitiesforKids（兒童義工機(jī)會）“可知，本文主要

介紹了適合兒童和青少年的志愿活動，包括在動物收容所志愿服務(wù)、輔導(dǎo)低年級學(xué)生、參與青少年體育運

動以及參與社區(qū)服務(wù)項目等。因此，全文都在介紹適合孩子參與的志愿活動，并提供了如何聯(lián)系相關(guān)機(jī)構(gòu)

的具體信息。因此，這篇文章是為了指導(dǎo)孩子的父母如何找到適合孩子參與的志愿活動。故文章的對象為“孩

子的父母”。故選A。

原句

Usually,aslongasthechildhassignedpermissionfromtheirparentsorguardian,theycanvolunteerasyoung

as14,evenyoungeriftheirparentsbringthemandsupervisetheirvolunteertime.

譯文

通常，只要孩子得到父母或監(jiān)護(hù)人的同意，他們就可以在14歲時做志愿者，如果父母帶他們來并監(jiān)督

他們的志愿者時間，他們甚至可以更小。

分析

+--[主句：Usually,theycanvolunteerasyoungas14,evenyounger]

I

+-[條件狀語從句:aslongasthechildhassignedpermissionfromtheirparentsorguardian]

I

+--[條件狀語從句：iftheirparentsbringthemandsupervisetheirvolunteertime]

HE??

1.volunteeringn.志愿月艮務(wù)2.sheltern.庇護(hù)所

3.guardiann.監(jiān)護(hù)人4.tutorv.輔導(dǎo)

5.strugglingadj.努力的，掙扎的6.graspv.掌握

7.conceptn.概念8.assistantn.助理

9.refereen.裁判10.maintenancen.維護(hù)

（二）

（2024?湖南長沙?模擬預(yù)測）Ms.McIntyre,38,workedasapublisher.Shesufferedbraincancerandher

healthgotworsedespitesomemedicaltreatment.Butsherealizedthatinaway,shewasluckierthansomeother

people.Shehadinsurancetohelppayforhermedicalcare.ButMs.McIntyreandherhusband,Mr.Gregory,knew

thatmanypeoplewithcancerfacetoughdecisionsbecauseofthecostsofmedicalcareandwindupowingfarmore

thantheycanpay.

Thoughherhealthwasfailing,Ms.McIntyredecidedtohelppayoffthemedicaldebtsofasmanypeopleas

shepossiblycould.ThecouplebegandonatingmoneytoagroupcalledRIPMedicalDebt,whichiscommittedto

workingtopayofftheunpaidmedicaldebtsofothers.Thegroupcanpayoffmedicalbillsforabout100timesless

moneythantheycost.Inotherwords,forevery100donated,thegroupcanpayoff10,000inunpaidmedicalbills.

Unfortunately,Ms.McIntyrepassedawaybeforelong.Mr.GregorypostedamessageforMs.McIntyreon

hersocialmediaaccounts."Ifyou'rereadingthis,Ihavepassedaway,“thepostbegan.Thenthepostexplained,

“Tocelebratemylife,I'vearrangedtobuyupothers5medicaldebtsandthendestroythedebts.”

Thecouplehadsetupapageonawebsitetoraisemoneyfbrthispurpose.Theyhadhopedtoraiseabout

$20,000.Nevertheless,Ms.McIntyre'slastpostattractedalotofattention.Thedonationsonherwebpagequickly

passedthetotalgoal.Inlessthanaweek,thesitehadraised10timesmorethanexpectedandthedonationsarestill

comingin.ByNovember22,2023,Ms.McIntyre'swebpagehadraisedover$627,000,orenoughmoneytopay

offabout$60millioninmedicaldebts.

Mr.GregoryplannedaspecialeventinDecembertocelebrateMs.McIntyre5slifeandtoannouncehow

manymillionsofdollarsofmedicaldebtshereffortshadpaidfor.

4.WhydidMs.McIntyrefeelluckierthansomeotherpeople?

A.Thedoctorseventuallycuredher.

B.Herdiseasedidn'tbecomeworse.

C.Shehadsecurityaboutmedicalcare.

D.Shehadadecentjobbeforebeingill.

5.HowdidMs.McIntyreandherhusbandhelpothers?

A.Bypayingfbrtheirdailydebts.

B.Bygivingawaymoneytothem.

C?Bypurchasingmedicalinsuranceforthem.

D.Byriddingthemofdebtsfromtreatments.

6.Whatisparagraph4mainlyabout?

A.Thecouple'santicipation.B.Thepublicinvolvement.

C.Theoperationofawebsite.D.Theincreaseofmedicaldebts.

7.WhichofthefollowingwordscanbestdescribeMs.McIntyre?

A.Influentialandunderstanding.B.Humorousandelegant.

C.Cautiousandpromising.D.Enthusiasticandadaptable.

【答案速查】4.C5.D6.B7.A

【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇記敘文。主要講述了身患絕癥的出版商McIntyre女士與其丈夫捐贈善款，通過

RIP醫(yī)療債務(wù)組織幫助他人清償巨額醫(yī)療賬單的故事。

4.細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段"Butsherealizedthatinaway,shewasluckierthansomeotherpeople.Shehad

insurancetohelppayforhermedicalcare.（但她意識至U，在某種程度上，她比其他人幸運。她有保險來幫助支

付醫(yī)療費用）”可知，麥金太爾女士覺得自己比其他人幸運，這是因為她有醫(yī)療保險幫助支付醫(yī)療費用，她有

醫(yī)療保障。故選C。

5.細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段"Thoughherhealthwasfailing,Ms.McIntyredecidedtohelppayoffthe

medicaldebtsofasmanypeopleasshepossiblycould.ThecouplebegandonatingmoneytoagroupcalledRIP

MedicalDebt,whichiscommittedtoworkingtopayofftheunpaidmedicaldebtsofothers.（盡管她的健康狀況正

在惡化，麥金太爾女士還是決定盡可能多地幫助人們償還醫(yī)療債務(wù)。這對夫婦開始向一個名為RIP醫(yī)療債

務(wù)的組織捐款，該組織致力于償還他人未付的醫(yī)療債務(wù)）”可知，麥金太爾女士和她的丈夫通過償還他人未付

的醫(yī)療債務(wù)幫助別人。故選D。

6.主旨大意題。根據(jù)第四段"Thecouplehadsetupapageonawebsitetoraisemoneyforthispurpose.

Theyhadhopedtoraiseabout$20,000.Nevertheless,Ms.McIntyre'slastpostattractedalotofattention.The

donationsonherwebpagequicklypassedthetotalgoal.Inlessthanaweek,thesitehadraised10timesmorethan

expectedandthedonationsarestillcomingin.ByNovember22,2023,Ms.McIntyre?swebpagehadraisedover

$627,000,orenoughmoneytopayoffabout$60millioninmedicaldebts.（這對夫婦在一個網(wǎng)站上設(shè)立了一個頁

面，為此目的籌集資金。他們原本希望籌集約2萬美元。盡管如此，麥金太爾女士的最后一篇帖子還是引

起了很多關(guān)注。她網(wǎng)頁上的捐款很快就超過了總目標(biāo)。在不到一周的時間里，該網(wǎng)站籌集的資金是預(yù)期的

10倍，捐款仍在繼續(xù)。截至2023年11月22日，麥金太爾女士的網(wǎng)頁已籌集了62.7萬美元，足以償還約

6000萬美元的醫(yī)療債務(wù)戶可知，本段主要介紹了公眾參與籌集資金，即公眾參與。故選B。

7.推理判斷題。根據(jù)第一段"ButMs.McIntyreandherhusband,Mr.Gregory,knewthatmanypeoplewith

cancerfacetoughdecisionsbecauseofthecostsofmedicalcareandwindupowingfarmorethantheycanpay.（但

麥金太爾女士和她的丈夫格雷戈里先生知道，許多癌癥患者由于醫(yī)療費用而面臨艱難的決定，最終欠款遠(yuǎn)

遠(yuǎn)超過他們的承受能力）”可知，麥金太爾女士能夠理解他人的處境，根據(jù)第四段“Nevertheless,Ms.McIntyre飛

lastpostattractedalotofattention.Thedonationsonherwebpagequicklypassedthetotalgoal.Inlessthana

week,thesitehadraised10timesmorethanexpectedandthedonationsarestillcomingin.ByNovember22,

2023,Ms.McIntyre'swebpagehadraisedover$627,000,orenoughmoneytopayoffabout$60millionin

medicaldebts.（盡管如此，麥金太爾女士的最后一篇帖子還是引起了很多關(guān)注。她網(wǎng)頁上的捐款很快就超過

了總目標(biāo)。在不到一周的時間里，該網(wǎng)站籌集的資金是預(yù)期的10倍，捐款仍在繼續(xù)。截至2023年11月22

日，麥金太爾女士的網(wǎng)頁已籌集了62.7萬美元，足以償還約6000萬美元的醫(yī)療債務(wù)）”可知，麥金太爾女士

很有影響力，由此可知，麥金太爾女士有影響力和理解他人的。故選A。

??。。@

原句

ThecouplebegandonatingmoneytoagroupcalledRIPMedicalDebt,whichiscommittedtoworkingtopay

offtheunpaidmedicaldebtsofothers.

譯文

這對夫婦開始向一個名為RIP醫(yī)療債務(wù)的組織捐款，該組織致力于償還他人未付的醫(yī)療債務(wù)。

分析

+--[主句：ThecouplebegandonatingmoneytoagroupcalledRIPMedicalDebt]

I

十一]定語從句：whichiscommittedtoworkingtopayofftheunpaidmedicaldebtsofothers]

I

+--[主語:which]

+一[謂語：iscommittedtoworkingtopayoff]

+一[賓語：theunpaidmedicaldebtsofothers]

1.publishern.出版商2.insurancen.保險

3.medicaladj.醫(yī)療的4.commitv.致力于

5.unpaidadj.未支付的6.donatev.捐贈

7.attentionn.注意8.donationn.捐款

9.raisev.籌集10.effortn.努力

（三）

（2024*河南關(guān)B州?三模）Myhusbandmadealittletwo-storyhousethatmirroredourownincolorand

designforourLittleFreeLibrary,whileIcarefullyselectedbooksfromourshelves.Theideastruckus

immediately-insteadofloadingboxesintothecarforyetanotherusedbooksale,wecouldsimplywalkthemtothe

roadside.

Fifteenorsoyearslater,ifssafetosaythatthousandsofbooks,aswellastheoccasionalDVDs,CDsand

jigsawpuzzleshavebeensharedthroughourlittlelibrary.Locatedonabusystreetjustafewblocksfromasubway

station,ourlittlelibraryseesdozens,perhapshundreds,ofpassers-byeachday.

Manyofthosewhouseourlibrarydonothesitatetosharetheirloveofthisneighborhoodresource.One

gentlemanregularlystopsbytopickupbooksforanearbyretirementhome.Atothertimes,wehavereceivedcards

andgifts,includingchocolatesandevenapersonalizedsketch（素描）fromalocalartist.

Likethepeoplewhouseourlibrary,thebooksthatcomeandgoreflectthebroaddiversityofourcity.

Arabic,FrenchandRussianbooksarethelargepartamongthedominantEnglish-languagebooks.Ihaveeven

collectedfavoritebooksofmineinlanguagesIdon'tunderstand,simplyforthejoyofaddinganothereditiontomy

collection.Surprisingly,ourlibraryhasn'tsolvedourbookstorageproblem-ifanything,wenowhavemorebooks

thaneverbefore.

IhaveheardsomecomplaintsthatLittleFreeLibrariesdonotalwaysservethepurposeofbuilding

communityandmaycompetewithourpubliclibrariesandindependentbookstores.Thishasnotbeenour

experience.Wecontinuetobuymorebooksthanweneedandwearefiercelyloyalusersofthepublicsystem.Our

LittleFreeLibraryhasenhancedourloveofreadingandhasconnectedustoacommunityofbookloversinthe

heartofourbusyneighborhood.

8.WhydidtheauthorandherhusbandbuildtheLittleFreeLibrary?

A.Toprepareforusedbooksales.B.Tomakefriendswithbooklovers.

C.Todealwiththeirunwantedbooks.D.Tomakeuseofcommunityresources.

9.Whatisparagraph3mainlyabout?

A.People'scarefortheelderly.B.Thefriendshipbetweenlibraryusers.

C.PeopledlovefortheLittleFreeLibrary.D.Theexplorationofthecommunityresources.

10.WhatdoestheLittleFreeLibraryreflectabouttheneighborhood?

A.Itsculturaldiversity.B.Itsstorageproblems.

C.Readers5preferences.D.Peopledreadinghabits.

11.HowhastheLittleFreeLibraryimpactedthecommunity?

A.Ithasstrengthenedneighborhoodconnections.

B.Ithasbecomeameetingplaceforlocalartists.

C.Ithasweakenedpubliclibrariestosomedegree.

D.Ithaspromotedtheriseofindependentbookstores.

【答案速查】8.C9.C10.A11.A

【語篇解讀】本文的為一篇記敘文。文章通過敘述作者和她丈夫建立小型免費圖書館的經(jīng)歷，以及這

個圖書館如何成為社區(qū)中人們分享圖書、增強(qiáng)鄰里聯(lián)系的平臺，展現(xiàn)了社區(qū)文化生活和人際互動的一個溫

馨場景。

8.細(xì)節(jié)理解題。由文章第一段中的"Myhusbandmadealittletwo-storyhousethatmirroredourownin

coloranddesignforourLittleFreeLibrary,whileIcarefullyselectedbooksfromourshelves.Theideastruckus

immediately-insteadofloadingboxesintothecarforyetanotherusedbooksale,wecouldsimplywalkthemtothe

roadside.（我丈夫為我們的免費小圖書館做了一座兩層的小房子，顏色和設(shè)計都和我們的一樣，而我則仔細(xì)

地從書架上挑選書籍。我們立刻想到了一個主意——與其把箱子裝進(jìn)車?yán)锶ベu舊書，不如直接把它們送到

路邊。）”可知，作者和她的丈夫建立這個小型免費圖書館是為了處理他們不再需要的書籍。故選C。

9.主旨大意題。由文章第三段“Manyofthosewhouseourlibrarydonothesitatetosharetheirloveofthis

neighborhoodresource.Onegentlemanregularlystopsbytopickupbooksforanearbyretirementhome.Atother

times,wehavereceivedcardsandgifts,includingchocolatesandevenapersonalizedsketch（素描）fromalocal

artist.（許多使用我們圖書館的人毫不猶豫地分享他們對這個社區(qū)資源的熱愛。一位紳士經(jīng)常路過，為附近的

養(yǎng)老院取書。在其他時候，我們收到卡片和禮物，包括巧克力，甚至是當(dāng)?shù)厮囆g(shù)家的個性化素描。）”可知，

第三段主要描述了人們對于這個小型免費圖書館的喜愛之情。故選Co

10.細(xì)節(jié)理解題。由第四段中的"Likethepeoplewhouseourlibrary,thebooksthatcomeandgoreflectthe

broaddiversityofourcity.（就像使用我們圖書館的人一樣，來來往往的書反映了我們城市的廣泛多樣性。戶

可知，這個小型免費圖書館反映了社區(qū)的文化多樣性。故選A。

11.細(xì)節(jié)理解題。由最后一段中的“OurLittleFreeLibraryhasenhancedourloveofreadingandhas

connectedustoacommunityofbookloversintheheartofourbusyneighborhood.（我們的免費小圖書館增強(qiáng)了

我們對閱讀的熱愛，并將我們與繁忙社區(qū)中心的圖書愛好者社區(qū)聯(lián)系起來。）”可知，這個小型免費圖書館增

強(qiáng)了社區(qū)的聯(lián)系，讓鄰里之間的書友聯(lián)系在了一起。故選A。

?。1@。?I

原句

Theideastruckusimmediately-insteadofloadingboxesintothecarforyetanotherusedbooksale,wecould

simplywalkthemtotheroadside.

譯文

我們立刻想到了一個主意——與其把箱子裝進(jìn)車?yán)锶ベu舊書，不如直接把它們送到路邊。

分析

+--[主句：Theideastruckusimmediately]

I

十一[并歹U結(jié)構(gòu)：insteadofloadingboxesintothecarforyetanotherusedbooksale]

I

[動名詞短語：loadingboxesintothecar]

+一[介詞短語：foryetanotherusedbooksale]

十一[主句：wecouldsimplywalkthemtotheroadside]

1.mirrorv.反映2.selectv.選擇

3.passers-byn.路人4.retirementn.退休

5.personalizedadj.個性化的6.broadadj.廣泛的

7.dominantadj.主要的8.editionn.版本

9.complaintn.抱怨10.independentadj.獨立的

（四）

（2024-遼寧,模擬預(yù)測）“Quick,quick,slow,slow,“myhusbandsaidasIwastryingtofocus.We

frequentlysteppedoneachother'sfeet.Bothofuswerebeingrhythmicallychallenged,andwefiguredaseriesof

lessonsmighthelpuslooksomewhatelegantonthefloor.However,itdidn't.

Itdidn'tmatterthatthelessonsdidn'tpayoff.Ourlearningsomethingnewtogethergaveusastringofgood

memories,suchastakingaThaicookingclassonacoldChicagonightandlearninghowtomakeclassiccocktails

（雞尾酒）inacommonbar.Theseexperiencesaremybestmemoriesfromthepast10years.Wealwayshavesuch

agreattimewhenwe'retryingsomethingnewtogether.Itseemstohavestrengthenedourrelationship,andmakes

mefeellikewehaveacloserconnection.

Itturnsoutthatmytheoryisbackedbyresearch.Onestudyshowsthatlearningnewthingswithyourspouse

（酉己偶）,friends,orpartners,canstrengthenyourconnectionorfriendship.Buthowexactlydoesthiswork?Thekey

isvulnerability（為貪點）.“Learningnewthingstogetherstrengthensbondsbecauseitisatthosemomentsthatwecan

showourvulnerabilitytooneanother,9,saysDr.HislaBates.Whenwearelearninganewtask,misfortunesand

failuresareboundtohappen.Inthosemomentswhenwefail,theotherpartycanbethereinfavorofus.Wecan

worktogethertofindasolution,andworkingtogetherhelpsdeepentheconnection.

Thebenefitsgainedfromlearningnewthingswithyourpartnercancomefromactivitiesassmallash汰ing,

tryinganewrecipe,goingboatinginthelocallakeortakingafitnessclasstogether.Youdon'thavetogobungee

jumpingorskydivingtogrowcloser.Tryselectingactivitiesthatbothpartnersareunfamiliarwith,asthiswill

ensureyou'reonthesamepage.

Tryingtolearnsomethingnewtogetheronceamonthwillbenefityouandyourspouseorfriends.Overall,

someofmybestmemorieswithmyhusbandarethemomentswhenwearelearningsomethingnewtogether.

12.WhatweretheauthorandherhusbanddoinginParagraph1?

A.Playingsports.B.Practisingdancing.

C.Teachinglessons.D.Takingawalk.

13.Whatcanwelearnfromtheauthor5sexperiences?

A.Practicemakesperfect.

B.Goodmemorieslastalongtime.

C.Processesmattermorethanresults.

D.Wellbegunishalfdone.

14.Whydoeslearningnewthingstogetherstrengthenpartners5relationship?

A.Itcanencouragethemtoteachandpraiseeachother.

B.Ithelpsimprovetheunderstandingofeachother.

C.Itcanreduceeachother'slonelinessandboredom.

D.Ithelpsfindeachother5sweaknessesandoffersupport.

15.Whafsthebesttitleforthetext?

A.Thepoweroflearningnewthingstogether

B.Theadvantagesoftakingdifferentlessons

C.Thechallengeofacquiringnewknowledge

D.Theimportanceofimprovingpeople'sbonds

【答案速查】12.B13.C14.D15.A

【語篇解讀】這是一篇夾敘夾議文。作者通過講述自己和丈夫經(jīng)常一起學(xué)習(xí)新東西的經(jīng)歷并結(jié)合科學(xué)

研究發(fā)現(xiàn)論述了自己的觀點——一起嘗試學(xué)習(xí)一些新東西有利于加深親密關(guān)系。

12.推理判斷題。根據(jù)第一段前兩句“"Quick,quick,slow,slow,“myhusbandsaidasIwastryingtofocus.

Wefrequentlysteppedoneachother9sfeet.fK:，快，慢，慢?！拔艺煞蛟谖遗凶⒁饬Φ臅r候說。我們經(jīng)

?；ハ嗖葘Ψ降哪_。戶可知，第一段中作者和丈夫在練習(xí)跳舞。故選B。

13.細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段第一句到第三句"Itdidn'tmatterthatthelessonsdidn'tpayoff.Ourlearning

somethingnewtogethergaveusastringofgoodmemories,suchastakingaThaicookingclassonacoldChicago

nightandlearninghowtomakeclassiccocktails（雞尾酒）inacommonbar.Theseexperiencesaremybest

memoriesfromthepast10years.（這些教訓(xùn)沒有得到回報并不重要。我們一起學(xué)習(xí)新的東西給我們帶來了一系

列美好的回憶，比如在芝加哥一個寒冷的夜晚上泰國烹飪課，在一家普通酒吧學(xué)習(xí)如何制作經(jīng)典雞尾酒。

這些經(jīng)歷是我過去10年最美好的回憶。廠可知，從作者的經(jīng)歷中可以了解到過程比結(jié)果更重要。故選C。

14.細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段第三句到最后一句"Buthowexactlydoesthiswork?Thekeyisvulnerability

（弱點）.（"Learningnewthingstogetherstrengthensbondsbecauseitisatthosemomentsthatwecanshowour

vulnerabilitytooneanother,9,saysDr.HislaBates.Whenwearelearninganewtask,misfortunesandfeiluresare

boundtohappen.Inthosemomentswhenwefail,theotherpartycanbethereinfavorofus.Wecanworktogether

tofindasolution,andworkingtogetherhelpsdeepentheconnection.（但這究竟是如何起作用的呢？關(guān)鍵是弱

點。海斯拉?貝茨博士說：“一起學(xué)習(xí)新事物加強(qiáng)了我們之間的聯(lián)系，因為正是在這些時刻，我們可以向彼此

展示我們的弱點。”當(dāng)我們學(xué)習(xí)一項新任務(wù)時，不幸和失敗是不可避免的。當(dāng)我們失敗的時候，另一方會支

持我們。我們可以共同努力尋找解決方案，共同努力有助于加深聯(lián)系。）”可知，一起學(xué)習(xí)新事物能加強(qiáng)伴侶

之間的關(guān)系是因為這有助于發(fā)現(xiàn)彼此的弱點并提供支持。故選Do

15.主旨大意題。根據(jù)第二段“Itdidn'tmatterthatthelessonsdidn'tpayoff.Ourlearningsomethingnew

togethergaveusastringofgoodmemories,suchastakingaThaicookingclassonacoldChicagonightand

learninghowtomakeclassiccocktails（雞尾酒）inacommonbar.Theseexperiencesaremybestmemoriesfrom

thepast10years.Wealwayshavesuchagreattimewhenwe'retryingsomethingnewtogether.Itseemstohave

strengthenedourrelationship,andmakesmefeellikewehaveacloserconnection.（這些教訓(xùn)［沒有得至！J回報并不

重要。我們一起學(xué)習(xí)新的東西給我們帶來了一系列美好的回憶，比如在芝加哥寒冷的夜晚上泰國烹飪課，

在一家普通酒吧學(xué)習(xí)如何制作經(jīng)典雞尾酒。這些經(jīng)歷是我過去10年最美好的回憶。我們一起嘗試新事物的

時候總是很開心。這似乎加強(qiáng)了我們的關(guān)系，讓我覺得我們有了更緊密的聯(lián)系。）”和最后一段“Tryingtolearn

somethingnewtogetheronceamonthwillbenefityouandyourspouseorfriends.Overall,someofmybest

memorieswithmyhusbandarethemomentswhenwearelearningsomethingnewtogether.（每個月一起嘗試學(xué)習(xí)

一些新東西對你和你的配偶或朋友都有好處?？偟膩碚f，我和我丈夫最美好的回憶就是我們一起學(xué)習(xí)新東

西的時刻。）''可知，作者主要是想闡明一起嘗試學(xué)習(xí)一些新東西有利于加深親密關(guān)系。故選A。

1.rhythmicallyadv.有節(jié)奏地2.elegantadj.優(yōu)雅的

3.recollectionn.回憶!4.classicadj.經(jīng)典的

5.hypothesisn.假設(shè)6.vulnerabilityn.弱點

7.bondn.聯(lián)系8.misfortunen.不幸

9.benefitn.益處lO.unfamiliaradj.不熟悉的

（五）

（20