第第頁2025年高考英語總復(fù)習(xí)《閱讀理解之應(yīng)用類》專項(xiàng)測試卷含答案學(xué)校:___________姓名：___________班級(jí)：___________考號(hào)：___________考向分析考向分析1.考點(diǎn)趨勢：今后對語篇領(lǐng)悟能力的檢測仍是高考的重點(diǎn)和基本點(diǎn)，同時(shí)還需關(guān)注對主旨大意題和文章結(jié)構(gòu)題的考查。2.理解層次趨勢：表層意義理解題減少，深層含義理解題增多。考查難度有所增加，由簡單尋找信息向多層次細(xì)節(jié)推理的趨勢比較明顯。3.信息量和詞匯量：閱讀理解材料信息濃縮，詞匯總量減少，但對詞匯量的考查在加大，非考綱詞匯有所增加(主要為詞根加上前、后綴或有詞義轉(zhuǎn)化的詞)。旨在引導(dǎo)學(xué)生掌握詞匯的合成、派生和轉(zhuǎn)化，讓考生能通過上下文或構(gòu)詞法來理解詞匯的含義?！犊荚囌f明》中＂根據(jù)上下文推斷單詞和短語的含義＂這一新要求預(yù)示對能力要求有所提高。4.句子的難度：長句增多，句子難度加大。復(fù)合句、省略句、倒裝句和插入語等語言現(xiàn)象普遍。5.體裁和題材：繼續(xù)體現(xiàn)體裁和題材多樣化，并彰顯英語國家語言與文化特點(diǎn)，強(qiáng)化文化意識(shí)的滲透。題材涉獵廣泛，體現(xiàn)＂語言是文化的載體＂這一理念?？键c(diǎn)導(dǎo)航考點(diǎn)導(dǎo)航廣告類閱讀題的五大特點(diǎn)1.材料特點(diǎn)：大家知道，刊登廣告是要錢的，為了節(jié)省費(fèi)用，人們在擬寫廣告時(shí)往往都希望用最少的篇幅表現(xiàn)最大量的信息，這就決定了廣告類材料通常具有以下特點(diǎn)：信息量大，用詞簡練，形式靈活。2.內(nèi)容特點(diǎn)：綜觀近幾年的高考英語閱讀理解題，其中廣告類閱讀題內(nèi)容主要涉及的是與人們生活息息相關(guān)的信息，如產(chǎn)品宣傳、服務(wù)介紹、招生招聘等。3.形式特點(diǎn)：做廣告的主要目的就是要讓受眾了解并記住廣告的內(nèi)容，并為廣告上所刊登的內(nèi)容(產(chǎn)品或服務(wù)等)買單。為了達(dá)到這一目的，人們在設(shè)計(jì)廣告時(shí)往往會(huì)做到：標(biāo)題醒目，重點(diǎn)突出，條理清楚。4.用詞特點(diǎn)：廣告類閱讀材料的用詞有＂三多＂特點(diǎn)：一是人名、地名、專有名詞多；二是生詞多；三是縮略詞、省略句多。5.命題特點(diǎn)：廣告類閱讀是近幾年高考英語閱讀理解最?？嫉念}材，在閱讀理解的選材中占有很大的比重。命題者的目的是要考查考生提取信息和處理信息的能力，所以命題的題型多是以獲取信息為主的細(xì)節(jié)理解題。應(yīng)用文主要設(shè)題類型及特點(diǎn)1.細(xì)節(jié)理解題針對應(yīng)用文體裁的閱讀訓(xùn)練多出現(xiàn)細(xì)節(jié)理解題。應(yīng)用文不同于一般的文章，應(yīng)用文的措辭簡潔明了、直截了當(dāng)，在閱讀時(shí)須重點(diǎn)注意細(xì)節(jié)信息，最好采取跳讀這種閱讀方法。如：活動(dòng)的具體時(shí)間和地點(diǎn)是什么？音樂會(huì)的具體舉辦時(shí)間是什么？所倡議的活動(dòng)是針對哪些人展開的？這些細(xì)節(jié)問題都是同學(xué)們在閱讀時(shí)需要特別注意的地方。2.主旨大意題應(yīng)用文強(qiáng)調(diào)實(shí)用性，無論是信件、廣告、通知，還是倡議書、海報(bào)等，在閱讀時(shí)都應(yīng)該快速掌握其主旨大意。如：海報(bào)介紹的那部電影？通知的是哪個(gè)活動(dòng)？邀請哪些人參加什么活動(dòng)？這些都是主旨大意題考查的內(nèi)容。常見的主旨大意題的題干表達(dá)方式有“Theposterintroducesusto_______.”“Thee-mailmainlytellsusabout_______.”3.觀點(diǎn)態(tài)度題作者往往通過海報(bào)、廣告等形式的應(yīng)用文表明自己對于某事的態(tài)度，也可以通過通知、倡議書、邀請函等形式暗示自己對某次活動(dòng)的看法和態(tài)度。常見的觀點(diǎn)態(tài)度題的題干表達(dá)方式有“Whatistheauthor’sattitudetowards...”“Whatdoestheauthorthinkofthe...？”4.推理判斷題與記敘文和說明文有所不同，應(yīng)用文閱讀中出現(xiàn)的推理判斷題常考查文章的出處或者來源，常見的題干表達(dá)方式有“Youcanfindthead_______.”“Wherewouldyouprobablyreadthenotice？”一、應(yīng)用文閱讀試題的文體特點(diǎn)應(yīng)用文不同于其他文體的文章，其目的是為了向讀者傳輸信息，措辭簡潔明了，直截了當(dāng)。一般說來，應(yīng)用文英語閱讀試題具有以下特點(diǎn)：1.選材特點(diǎn)信息量大，文句精煉，形式靈活，用最少的篇幅表達(dá)最大量的信息。2.內(nèi)容特點(diǎn)生活化，實(shí)用化，多樣化，如產(chǎn)品宣傳、服務(wù)介紹、通知、海報(bào)、啟示、招生招聘等。3.形式特點(diǎn)標(biāo)題醒目，重點(diǎn)突出，條理清晰，常用粗體字或各類項(xiàng)目符號(hào)使文章的結(jié)構(gòu)更鮮明。4.語言特點(diǎn)人名、地名、專有名詞多；生詞多；縮略詞、祈使句、省略句多；結(jié)構(gòu)不完整。5.命題特點(diǎn)主要考查考生提取信息和處理信息的能力，既注重特定細(xì)節(jié)的篩選、類比、綜合，又注重推理判斷題的考查，題目設(shè)置相對較容易。二、應(yīng)用文語篇主要類型應(yīng)用文的類型主要有：同主題廣告，混合型廣告，規(guī)則、通知、咨詢問答、注意事項(xiàng)等，指南，書評、問卷調(diào)查、告示、參觀須知、申請書、個(gè)人簡介等。三、應(yīng)用文解題技巧點(diǎn)撥高考應(yīng)用文閱讀理解設(shè)題以細(xì)節(jié)理解題為主，因此，閱讀這類文章時(shí)，應(yīng)該在整體把握文章結(jié)構(gòu)的前提下，主要注意細(xì)節(jié)信息。細(xì)節(jié)題的題干都是相應(yīng)原文的變形(如同義改寫、詞性轉(zhuǎn)換等)，因此要找到答案一定要找到題干在原文中的出處，再把原文和選項(xiàng)相比較。做題時(shí)，根據(jù)所提問題用尋讀、跳讀的方法可達(dá)到事半功倍的效果。同時(shí)，在閱讀時(shí)也要特別注意文中以粗體、大寫、下劃線等方式加以提示的文字，因?yàn)檫@很有可能是文章的核心或某一部分內(nèi)容的概括。具體答題策略如下：1.先題后文先讀試題，了解試題考點(diǎn)；明確目的，快速捕捉，獲取信息。2.題干定向根據(jù)題干關(guān)鍵詞到文中定位答案范圍，按照題目順序依次而下：問題與材料相同→對號(hào)入座；問題與原文相同→同義替換、歸納事實(shí)等。3.生詞模糊遇到生詞；如與答題無關(guān)，直接跳過；涉及答題，則根據(jù)語境、構(gòu)詞法等猜詞。4.信息補(bǔ)全對于影響理解的省略句，可根據(jù)語境，將其補(bǔ)全。總之，應(yīng)用文類型的閱讀文章一般說來比較易理解，文章類型以廣告形式居多，設(shè)問根據(jù)文章的段落秩序，多以細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)理解為主，答案的尋找可以根據(jù)問題中的關(guān)鍵字順藤摸瓜，輔以適當(dāng)?shù)耐评砼袛?。了解了?yīng)用文的措辭和內(nèi)容特點(diǎn)，我們在實(shí)踐中總結(jié)出解答應(yīng)用文試題的關(guān)鍵是：抓信息。提示：應(yīng)用文閱讀題做完后，不可輕易改答案，要相信第一感覺。因?yàn)榈谝淮谓忸}時(shí)思路最清晰，假如沒十分把握，以不改為好，防止弄巧成拙。全國高考英語考試說明確指出，要求考生讀懂一般性話題的簡短文字材料，例如公告、說明、廣告以及書、報(bào)、雜志中的簡短文章，這說明了應(yīng)用文文體在高考英語中的重要性。這個(gè)特點(diǎn)在歷年高考試題中有明顯的印證，不管是全國高考卷，還是省區(qū)高考卷中基本每年都涉及應(yīng)用文文體的考查，這充分體現(xiàn)了＂為用而學(xué)，學(xué)以致用＂的新課程理念。因此，考生很有必要認(rèn)真研讀閱讀理解中應(yīng)用文的特征和命題特點(diǎn)，并掌握一定的解題方法。本文擬結(jié)合近年高考英語全國卷閱讀理解中所涉及的應(yīng)用文文體，幫助考生提高閱讀理解的解題能力。應(yīng)用文是在日常工作和生活中使用的文體，通常以實(shí)用性為目的、以真實(shí)性為基礎(chǔ)、以時(shí)效性為根本、以規(guī)范性為準(zhǔn)則。該文體一般可分為兩大類：一類是說明性應(yīng)用文，包括廣告、啟事、海報(bào)、守則、公告、指南、個(gè)人簡歷、備忘錄、摘要等；另一類是敘述性應(yīng)用文，如書信、日記、便條、報(bào)告、請?zhí)?。目的都是向讀者傳輸信息。高考試題主要涉及宣傳廣告、公告類應(yīng)用文，偶爾也會(huì)有書信類文章出現(xiàn)。從近三年高考全國卷閱讀理解中應(yīng)用文的話題分布情況可知，前一類是應(yīng)用文命題的首選題材，其中包括廣告、海報(bào)和指南等。在高考英語閱讀理解中應(yīng)用文體的考查主要有如下幾個(gè)特點(diǎn)：1.就文體特點(diǎn)而言，應(yīng)用文主要是為了向讀者傳遞信息，措辭簡潔明了，一般來說，和所述問題無關(guān)的文字不會(huì)出現(xiàn)。例如很多文章沒有標(biāo)題，甚至通篇沒有一個(gè)完整的句子，而是用詞、數(shù)字、縮寫、短語等來替代。2.就選材特點(diǎn)來說，信息量大，文句精練，形式靈活，用最小的篇幅表述最大量的信息。其中書信，招聘和商品銷售等廣告，交通運(yùn)輸時(shí)刻表，日記等的比例較大。其內(nèi)容特點(diǎn)表現(xiàn)為：生活化，實(shí)用化，多樣化。3.就形式特點(diǎn)而言，標(biāo)題醒目，重點(diǎn)突出，條理清晰，常用粗體字或各類項(xiàng)目符號(hào)使文章結(jié)構(gòu)更鮮明。4.就語言特點(diǎn)來說，文章充斥大量冗長而生僻的專有名詞，如人名、地名、機(jī)構(gòu)名、組織名、書籍名、作品名等等，而且沒有漢語注釋?？s略詞、祈使句、省略句多。5.在行文方式方面，應(yīng)用文的每種文體都有固定的格式。敘述性應(yīng)用文采用一般記敘文的寫作方法，無特別之處；說明性應(yīng)用文的行文呈排列式，即以小標(biāo)題為單位逐一下行排列。6.就命題特點(diǎn)來說，高考英語應(yīng)用文的設(shè)問一般是按照文章段落的順序依次設(shè)置，主要考查考生提取信息和處理信息的能力，既考查對特定細(xì)節(jié)的選取、排除、類比、綜合，又注重推理判斷題的考查，題目設(shè)置相對容易。具體講來主要有四大類：(1)細(xì)節(jié)理解題，即要求考生對閱讀材料中的某一具體事實(shí)和細(xì)節(jié)進(jìn)行理解。這一題型常見的命題方式有事實(shí)認(rèn)定題、圖形辨認(rèn)題、數(shù)字運(yùn)算題等。(2)推理判斷題。這類題主要考查考生根據(jù)文章的字面意思，通過分析語篇的邏輯關(guān)系，研究細(xì)節(jié)的暗示，推敲作者的態(tài)度，理解文章的寓意等。推理判斷題屬于主觀性較強(qiáng)的高層次閱讀理解題。(3)主旨大意題。該類題主要考查考生對所讀材料中心思想的概括。其考查形式有很多，如概括標(biāo)題、主題、中心思想等。(4)詞義猜測題，即要求考生根據(jù)一定的上下文猜測生詞的詞義?！绢}型分析】TheincorrectdescriptionofLondonEyeisthat_______.A.itisoneoftheworld’stallestobservationwheelsB.youcanseeupto40kilometersawayinalldirectionsfromeachcapsuleC.ithas32capsulesandcarriesaround1，000visitorseverydayD.youcanenjoyafull360-degreepanoramawhenyouareatthetopofthewheelTheadvertisementmainlymakepeople_______.A.givehelptothoseinneedB.notthrowawayusedclothesC.knowabouttheorganizationD.learntheuseofdonatedclothesInAllison’sopinion，otherkidsofheragemay_______theirparents.A.haveproblemswithB.getonwellwithC.liketotalktoD.liketolistentoWecaninfer（推斷）fromtheadvertisementsthat_______.A.noneoftheorganizationacceptchildren’sclothesB.peoplecandonateusedclothesthroughouttheUSAC.someorganizationneedmoneytohelpsomepeopleD.somedonatedclotheswillbegiventocancerpatients檢測訓(xùn)練檢測訓(xùn)練1LifeandHealthInsuranceRiskManagerWantedOurcompanyhaspartneredwithaninternationalinsurerandislookingforafull-timeriskmanagerwithresponsibilityfortheUKLifeandHealthInsurancebusiness.Theroleisinasmallriskteamandissuitedtoahigh-performingindividual.Responsibilities*Supportthechiefriskofficer;*Overseethereportingofhealthandliferisks;*Deliveradviceandcooperatewithsomestakeholders(利益相關(guān)者);*Assessrelevantrisksoftechnicalpricingandreinsurance;*Continuouslycontributetothecapitalrequirements,internalmodelreviewanddatamodelprocesses.KeyrequirementsTheindividualwillbeaqualifiedlifeorhealthmanagerwhohasexperienceinriskmanagementorconsulting.YoumustworkintheUKtheseruleshavechangedrecently,sowhenapplying,pleasestateyourqualificationtoworkintheUK.(E.g.Britishpassport,Irishpassport,ILR,settled-status,etc.)Salary￡70,000-￡90,000peryearandperformance-basedsalary.ContactinformationThedeadlineforapplicationsis14thMay,2021.Ifyouareinterested,pleaseapplyhereorcontacttheassociateconsultantAbiLogeswaranatHFGInsuranceRecruitment(招聘).Signintoapplyinstantly.We'dlovetosendyouinformationaboutJobsandServicesfromCareersinRbyemail.Wedonotshareyourinformationwiththirdpartiesformarketingpurposes.ByapplyingforajoblistedonCareersinRyouagreetoourtermsandconditionsandprivacypolicy.Youshouldneverberequiredtoprovidebankaccountdetails.Ifyouare,pleaseemailus.1.Whatdoweknowaboutthejob?A.Ithuntsforachiefriskofficer. 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D.Giveourinformationtothirdparties.2SummerPre-CollegeProgram2021—RegisterNow!Earnupto12collegecreditsonlinewithFDU’sSummerPre-CollegeProgram!FairleighDickinsonUniversity’sSummerPre-CollegeProgramoffersmotivatedstudentsingrades9to12theopportunitytogetajump-startonearningcollegecreditsthroughnew,engaging,interactivecourses.Studentswilldevelopin-demandskillsandearncutting-edgetechniquesinavirtualacademicsetting.ProgramhighlightsOurcourseshavebeendesignedtokeepstudentsengagedinaremotelearningformat.Registertodaytoexperience:Theopportunitytoearn3collegecreditspercourseandupto12collegecreditsthissummerforfutureuniversitystudies.Customized,exclusivecurriculumdevelopedandtaughtbydistinguishedFDUprofessors.Theperfectblendofreal-timeinstruction,self-pacedprojectsandvirtualteamwork.Aglimpseintothemostdesiredmajorsandcareersoftoday.Theabilitytoadvancethequalityofyourcollegeapplicationfromthecomfortofyourhome.ProgramscheduleSession1-July5toJuly15,2021Classes:9AMto12:30PMPre-MedicalProfessionsandtheHealthSciencesCreativeWriting:ThePowerofStorytellingIntroductiontoDataScienceandBusinessIntelligenceClasses:1:30PMto5PMOptimizingSmartphonePhotographyandVideographyIntroductiontoMaterialsScienceandEngineeringIntroductiontoAppliedStatisticsDrugDiscovery:TheExcitingFutureofPharmacologySession2-August1toAugust11,2021Classes:9AMto12:30PMWallStreetCareers:AnIntroductiontoFinancialMarketsandTradingAstrophysics:ExploringtheStarsandtheGalaxiesAroundtheWorldinEightDays:IntroductiontoGlobalTourismManagementClasses:1:30PMto5PMAdvancedCodingandDevelopmentCognitivePsychology:UnderstandingtheMind,theBrainandYourBehaviorDigitalArt:CreateYourOwnOnlineCanvasProgramCost:$770percourse(Youcangeta20%discountifyoubooknow!)ContactInformationSummerPre-CollegeProgramprecollege（aite）fdu*edu1000RiverRoad,H-DH1-02Teaneck,NJ076667.Whoarethecoursesintendedfor?A.Highschoolstudents. B.Collegegraduates.C.Collegefreshmen. D.Primaryschoolpupils.8.WhatcanyouinferabouttheSummerPre-CollegeProgram?A.Itoffershands-onlearningchances. B.Astudentcanearn15collegecredits.C.Allthecoursesaregivenonline. D.Studentsmuststayonthecampus.9.Howmuchwillyoupayifyoubooktwocoursesnow?A.$308. B.$770. C.$1232. D.$15403Hibernationisacomplexsolutiontoasimpleproblem.Inwinter,foodisscarce.Tosurvivethisseasonalstarvation,animals,suchasthearcticgroundsquirrelandblackbear,hibernatesothatphysiologicalshiftskeepthemalivedespitethelackoffood,waterandmovement.Researchersanddoctorsalikeareinterestedinhowthesehibernationtrickscouldhelphumanswiththeirownhealth.THREAT:StrokeINSIGHT:Bloodflowinthebrainofahibernatingarcticgroundsquirreldropstoatenthofnormal.Typicallysuchoxygenshortagewouldcauseastroke.Butthesesquirrelscansurviveallwinterbecausetheirmetabolismlowersto2percentofitssummerrate—requiringmuchlessoxygentomaintain.Ifdoctorscouldsimilarlylowerthemetabolismofahumanpatientimmediatelyafterastroke—perhapsbycoolingthebody—theymightpreventpermanentbraindamage,saysBrianBarnes,abiologistattheUniversityofAlaskaFairbanks.THREAT:DiabetesINSIGHT:Peoplewhogainalotofweightoftenstoprespondingtoinsulin,whichregulatestheamountofglucosethatcellstakeupfromtheblood.Yetgrizzlybearsgain100poundsormoreeachautumnandsomehowavoiddiabetes.Arecentstudyfoundthatthegrizzlies'fatcellsbecomemoresensitivetoinsulinastheyprepareforthewinter,allowingthebearstokeepprocessingandstoringsugar.ScientistsatbiotechnologycompanyAmgenarenowtestingwhethermakingslightchangestothesameproteinthatcontrolssensitivityindiabetichumanscouldhavesimilarresults.THREAT:OsteoporosisINSIGHT:Ifahumanweretoliestillforlongperiodswithoutfood,hisorherboneswouldslowlydegrade.Ablackbear,however,emergesfromitscaveafterwinterjustasstrongaseverbecauseitsboneisrecycledat25percentofnormallevelsduringhibernation.ResearchersatColoradoStateUniversityarenowtryingtoidentifythehormonesthatcontrolthisextremelimitonboneturnover.Theyaimtocreateadrugforpeopleatriskforosteoporosisthatsimilarlyprotectsbonedensity.THREAT:HeartDiseaseINSIGHT:Duringheartsurgery,apatientbecomesshortofoxygenwhentheheartstopsbeating.Tocope,thebodyswitchesfromaerobictoanaerobicmetabolism.Unfortunately,thechangecreateslacticacid,whichcankillcellsifitbuildsup.Damageofthiskinddoesnotoccurinhibernatingarcticgroundsquirrels,likelybecausetheybreakdownmorefatsthansugarsevenafterthehearthasslowedtojustonebeatperminute.ResearchersatDukeUniversityandtheUniversityofAlaskaFairbanksarenowworkingtoidentifyhowthisspeciesprioritizesfatasfuelinlow-oxygenconditions.Findingawaytogetheartsurgerypatientstodothesamemayreduceinjurytoorgansduringprocedures.13.Whatisthepassagemainlyabout?A.Whathumanscanlearnfromanimalsthatsleepformonthsonend.B.Whathealththreatshumansarefacingwhiletheyareundertreatment.C.Howhumanscansurvivefromthesametoughconditionsasanimalsdo.D.Howhealththreatscanbeavoidedifhumansarewithcertainanimals.14.Howgrizzlybearsprocesssugarintheautumnmaygiveinsightsintohowtodealwith________.A.stroke B.diabetes C.osteoporosis D.heartdisease15.Whichofthefollowingstatementsistrueaccordingtothepassage?A.Metabolismusuallyconsumesasmallamountofoxygen.B.Fatcellsarelesssensitivetoinsulinthanothercells.C.Lyingstillforalongtimewillaffectbonedensity.D.Doctorsareseekingwaystokeeppatients'heartsbeatinginsurgery.【答案】13.A14.B15.C【解析】這是一篇應(yīng)用文。文章主要介紹了人類可以從冬眠的動(dòng)物身上學(xué)到的一些幫助人類保持健康的知識(shí)。13.主旨大意題。根據(jù)第一段中“Hibernationisacomplexsolutiontoasimpleproblem.Inwinter,foodisscarce.Tosurvivethisseasonalstarvation,animals,suchasthearcticgroundsquirrelandblackbear,hibernatesothatphysiologicalshiftskeepthemalivedespitethelackoffood,waterandmovement.Researchersanddoctorsalikeareinterestedinhowthesehibernationtrickscouldhelphumanswiththeirownhealth.(冬眠是一個(gè)簡單問題的復(fù)雜解決方案。冬天食物匱乏。為了在這種季節(jié)性的饑餓中生存下來，動(dòng)物，如北極地松鼠和黑熊，會(huì)冬眠，這樣生理上的變化使它們在缺乏食物、水和運(yùn)動(dòng)的情況下仍能生存。研究人員和醫(yī)生都對這些冬眠技巧如何幫助人類保持健康感興趣)”結(jié)合文章主要介紹了4個(gè)人類可以從冬眠的動(dòng)物身上學(xué)到的一些幫助人類保持健康的知識(shí)?？芍?，這篇文章的主要內(nèi)容是人類可以從連續(xù)睡幾個(gè)月的動(dòng)物身上學(xué)到什么。故選A。14.細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)THREAT:Diabetes部分中“Yetgrizzlybearsgain100poundsormoreeachautumnandsomehowavoiddiabetes.Arecentstudyfoundthatthegrizzlies'fatcellsbecomemoresensitivetoinsulinastheyprepareforthewinter,allowingthebearstokeepprocessingandstoringsugar.(然而，灰熊每年秋天都會(huì)增重100磅或更多，而且不知怎么就能避免患糖尿病。最近的一項(xiàng)研究發(fā)現(xiàn)，灰熊的脂肪細(xì)胞在為冬天做準(zhǔn)備時(shí)對胰島素更加敏感，這使得灰熊能夠繼續(xù)處理和儲(chǔ)存糖分)”可知，灰熊在秋天處理糖的過程可能會(huì)給我們提供一些關(guān)于如何處理糖尿病問題的見解。故選B。15.細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二段中“Ifahumanweretoliestillforlongperiodswithoutfood,hisorherboneswouldslowlydegrade.(如果一個(gè)人長時(shí)間不吃東西而躺著不動(dòng)，他或她的骨頭就會(huì)慢慢退化)”可知，C選項(xiàng)“長期躺著不動(dòng)會(huì)影響骨密度”正確。故選C。4TurkishTreatsHelloLondonfoodies!I’mkickingoffthisweek’sblogbytalkingaboutafantasticnewTurkishrestaurantinSohocalledModa.Ican’trememberevereatingbetterdolmaorhummus—itwassodelicious!Infact,thisisoneofthethingswhichtherestaurantpridesitselfon—thefreshnessandauthenticityoftheingredients.Apparently,thechefinsiststhatthefruitandvegetablesarebroughtovereverydayfromhishomeregioninTurkey—andfromnowhereelse.Hemaybeaperfectionist,butitwassodeliciousthatIcan’tcomplain.Modaisn’tcheap,butit’sdefinitelywortheverypenny.AndI’vegotgreatnewsforyou.WhenItoldhimthatIwriteafoodblog,hesaidhe’dgiveallmyreadersa10%discount!Justmentionthisblogwhenyoubook.Averydifferentrestaurant,whereIhadlunchlastMonday,isChezFitz.SituatednearLeicesterSquare,itsmainsellingpointisthatitsfoodisalllocallysourced(within30kilometresoftherestaurant).MyfriendsandIwerecompletelyamazed—wehadnoideathatsomuchcouldbegrownsoclosetocentralLondon.Butitturnsoutthattherearepocketsofgreenalloverthecity—youjustneedtoknowwheretolook.Onefinalpoint:Icouldn’tbelievehowpriceymyweeklyshopwasthisweek.Normallyifsabout￡40,butthisweekitwasmorethan￡55formoreorlessthesameamountoffood.Anyideaswhy?MoreinacoupleofweeksasI’mgoingawayonmyholidaystomorrow!CommentsSouthLondonMum10OctoberHi—regardingyourlastpoint,I’vefoundthesamethingrecently.Ireadsomewherethattheaverage‘shoppingbasket’hasalreadyincreasedby20%thisyear.Thepriceshavegoneupsomuch,becauseoftheawfulweatherwe’vebeenhaving,andtheymaygoupevenmore.Howarewemeanttofeedourfamilies?Ecovore10OctoberI’mnotsureweshouldbesupportingrestaurantslikeModa.Theyareverybadfortheenvironment.Whataboutalltheextracarbonemissionsfromthe‘foodmiles’createdbybringingoverthoseingredientsfromTurkey?Anonymous11OctoberIknowwhatyou’resaying,Ecovore,butdon’thaveagoatrestaurantslikeModa.IfwegrowexoticvegetablesintheUK,thenwehavetouseheatedgreenhousesandthatprobablyusesevenmoreenergy.19.WhydoesthebloggerlikeModa?A.Itoffersitscustomersadiscount.B.ItprovidestypicalTurkishfoodC.IthiresachefwhocomesfromTurkey.D.Ittransportsingredientsfromallovertheworld.20.Whichofthefollowingstatementsistrueaccordingtothepassage?A.ChefFitzislocated30kilometersfromLeicesterSquare.B.Thebloggerisangrythathespendssomuchonfoodthisweek.C.SouthLondonMumisworriedabouttheeverworseningweatherD.Ecovoredoesn’tthinkofModainthesamewayasthebloggerdoes.21.Theword“exotic”(inAnonymous’scomments)isclosestinmeaningto________.A.local B.foreignC.fruitful D.fruitless【答案】19.B20.D21.B【解析】這是一篇應(yīng)用文。博文中介紹了倫敦的兩家餐館，附帶了幾條評論。19.細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)博文第二段中“Apparently,thechefinsiststhatthefruitandvegetablesarebroughtovereverydayfromhishomeregioninTurkey—andfromnowhereelse.(顯然，這位廚師堅(jiān)持每天的水果和蔬菜都是從他的家鄉(xiāng)土耳其運(yùn)來的，而不是從其他地方。)”可知，博主之所以喜歡Moda，是因?yàn)樗峁┑湫偷耐炼涫澄?。故選B項(xiàng)。20.細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)博文第二段中“Hemaybeaperfectionist,butitwassodeliciousthatIcan’tcomplain.Modaisn’tcheap,butit’sdefinitelywortheverypenny.(他可能是個(gè)完美主義者，但它太美味了，我不能抱怨。Moda不便宜，但每一分錢都絕對值。)”等內(nèi)容可知，博主很喜歡Moda；根據(jù)Ecovore的評論中“Theyareverybadfortheenvironment.(它們對環(huán)境有害)”等內(nèi)容可知，Ecovore評論中強(qiáng)調(diào)了Moda餐館的缺點(diǎn)。從而判斷選項(xiàng)D“Ecovore對Moda的看法與博主不同”是正確的。故選D項(xiàng)。21.詞句猜測題。博文第二段中“Apparently,thechefinsiststhatthefruitandvegetablesarebroughtovereverydayfromhishomeregioninTurkey—andfromnowhereelse.(顯然，這位廚師堅(jiān)持每天的水果和蔬菜都是從他的家鄉(xiāng)土耳其運(yùn)來的，而不是從其他地方。)”說明Moda餐廳從國外土耳其運(yùn)來食材，再根據(jù)Anonymous（匿名）評論中“…butdon’thaveagoatrestaurantslikeModa.(……但不要去Moda這樣的餐館。)”可知，此處在談?wù)揗oda餐館。從而推斷評論中exotic所在句“IfwegrowexoticvegetablesintheUK,thenwehavetouseheatedgreenhousesandthatprobablyusesevenmoreenergy.(如果我們在英國種植exotic蔬菜，那么我們必須使用加熱的溫室，這可能會(huì)消耗更多的能源。)”中exotic應(yīng)為“歪國的”的意思，對應(yīng)前面提到的“從土耳其運(yùn)來食材”，故選B項(xiàng)。5OnlineEarlyChildhoodEducationCourseProgramsIfyou'reinterestedinreceivingadegreeinearlychildhoodeducation,youmaywanttotakerelevantcourses.Ifyouhaveabusyplan,findingonlineearlyeducationcoursescanbeatruelifesaver.Withthefollowingonlinecourseprograms,you'llfinditeasiertocompleteyourcourseworkaroundyourplan.AssociateinSciencePrice:$105/credithourDuration:60credithoursThisprogramfromFloridaStateCollageisdesignedforthosewhoareinterestedinworkingwithyoungchildreninchilddevelopmentcentersorhomechildcarecenters.Studentswilllearnhowtheycanbestplantomeettheneedsofyoungerlearners.Whentheysignupforthisprogram,learnerswillhavethechoicetohosetofocusonmanagementoreducation.BachelorofArtsPrice:$510/credithourDuration:120credithoursTheprogramfromAshfordUniversityisbrokendownintoaseriesoffiveweekcourses.You'llonlyneedtocompleteonecourseattime,soyou'llbeabletodevoteallofyourattentiontoonesubjectmatter.Theparticipantwilllearnaboutearlychildhooddevelopment,howtoplanandhowtocreateprogramsforyounglearners.BSinECEducationPrice:$375/credithourDuration:120credithoursTheprogramtomAlabamaUniversityfocusesonhowchildrenbetweentheagesofbirthandeightdevelopemotionally,physicalitysociallyandcognitively(認(rèn)知).Coursescoverideassuchasdesigninglearningprogramsforpreschoolersandbuildingpartnershipswithfamilies.ECEducationBachelor'sDegreePrice:$402.50/credithourDuration:120credithoursTheprogramfromKStateOnlineisdesignedtoprepareeducatorstoworkwithchildrenfrombirththroughkindergarten.Theprogramwillalsoincludeinformationonworkingwithchildrenwhohavedisabilitiesorotherspecialneeds.Inadditiontotheonlinecourses,learnerswillalsojoininanin-classroomfieldexperiencewithalocalschool25.Whichcourseprogramfollowsyoutofocusonmanagementsill?A.AssociateinScience. B.BachelorofArts.C.BSinECEducation. D.ECEducationBachelor'sDegree26.HowmuchshouldyoupaytofinishAshfordUniversity'scourseprogram?A.$6,120. B.$6,300. C.$45,000. D.$61,200.27.WhatisspecialaboutECEducationBachelor’sDegree?A.Itissponsoredbyafamousuniversity. B.ItisavailablemostlyinalocalschoolC.Itreferstoworkingwithdisabledkids, D.Itfocusesonearlychildhoodeducation.【答案】25.A26.D27.C【解析】本文是一篇應(yīng)用文。文章主要介紹了四個(gè)和兒童早期教育有關(guān)的網(wǎng)上課程項(xiàng)目。25.細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)AssociateinScience部分中“Whentheysignupforthisprogram,learnerswillhavethechoicetohosetofocusonmanagementoreducation.(當(dāng)他們報(bào)名參加這個(gè)項(xiàng)目時(shí)，學(xué)習(xí)者將可以選擇專注于管理或教育)”可知，AssociateinScience可以允許你專注學(xué)習(xí)管理技能。故選A。26.細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)BachelorofArts部分中“Price:$510/credithour；Duration:120credithours；TheprogramfromAshfordUniversityisbrokendownintoaseriesoffiveweekcourses.(價(jià)格：510美元/學(xué)時(shí)；時(shí)長：120學(xué)時(shí)；這個(gè)來自阿什福德大學(xué)的項(xiàng)目分為一系列為期五周的課程)”可知，要完成AshfordUniversity的整個(gè)課程項(xiàng)目需要花費(fèi)510×120=61200美元。故選D。27.細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)ECEducationBachelor'sDegree部分中“Theprogramwillalsoincludeinformationonworkingwithchildrenwhohavedisabilitiesorotherspecialneeds.(該計(jì)劃還將包括與有殘疾或其他特殊需要的兒童一起工作的信息)”可知，ECEducationBachelor’sDegree的特別之處是涉及到要與殘疾孩子一起工作。故選C。6POETRYCHALLENGEWriteapoemabouthowcourage,determination,andstrengthhavehelpedyoufacechallengesinyourlife.Prizes3GrandPrizes:TriptoWashington,D.C.foreachofthreewinners,aparentandoneotherpersonofthewinner’schoice.Tripincludesround-tripairtickets,hotelstayfortwonights,andtoursoftheNationalAirandSpaceMuseumandtheofficeofNationalGeographicWorld.6FirstPrizes:ThebookSkyPioneer:APhotobiographyofAmeliaEarhartsignedbyauthorCorinneSzaboandpilotLindaFinch.50HonorableMentions:Judgeswillchooseupto50honorablementionwinnerswhowilleachreceiveaT-shirtinmemoryofEarhart’sfinalflight.RulesFollowallrulescarefullytopreventdisqualification.■Writeapoemusing100wordsorfewer.Yourpoemcanbeanyformat,anynumberoflines.■Writebyhandortypeonasinglesheetofpaper.Youmayuseboththefrontandbackofthepaper.■Onthesamesheetofpaper,writeortypeyourname,address,telephonenumber,andbirthdate.■MailyourentrytousbyOctober31thisyear.1.Howmanypeoplecaneachgrandprizewinnertakeonthefreetrip?A.Two. B.Three. C.Four. D.Six.2.Whatwilleachofthehonorablementionwinnersget?A.Aplaneticket. B.AbookbyCorinneSzabo.C.AspecialT-shirt. D.AphotoofAmeliaEarhart.3.Whichofthefollowingwillresultindisqualification?A.Typingyourpoemout. B.Writingapoemof120words.C.Usingbothsidesofthepaper. D.MailingyourentryonOctober30.【答案】1.A2.C3.B【解析】這是一篇應(yīng)用文。本文是一篇詩歌大賽的征稿啟事。文章就參賽作品的內(nèi)容、獎(jiǎng)項(xiàng)、參賽規(guī)則等做了介紹。1.細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)Prizes部分中第一段中的”TriptoWashington,D.C.foreachofthreewinners,aparentandoneotherpersonofthewinner'schoice”可知，每位獲獎(jiǎng)?wù)叨伎梢詭б幻议L和另一名由獲獎(jiǎng)?wù)哌x擇的人員。因此，每位獲獎(jiǎng)?wù)呖梢詭蓚€(gè)人。故選A。2.細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)Prizes部分中第三段”50HonorableMentions:Judgeswillchooseupto50honorablementionwinners,whowilleachreceiveaT-shirtinmemoryofEarhart'sfinalflight”可知，每位優(yōu)秀獎(jiǎng)獲獎(jiǎng)?wù)叨紝@得一件紀(jì)念埃爾哈特最后一次飛行的T恤。故選C。3.細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)最后一部分中的”Followallrulescarefullytopreventdisqualification.Writeapoemusing100wordsorfewer”可知，所寫的詩字?jǐn)?shù)不能超過100字。否則，將會(huì)被取消資格。故結(jié)合選項(xiàng)，B選項(xiàng)(寫一首120字的詩)是會(huì)被取消資格的。故選B。7Fourthingsthatyoucan'tmissinMacaoMacaoTowerAJHackettBungeeJumpTheMacaoTower,338meterstall,istheworld's10thhighesttower,withavarietyofactivities,suchasgambling,eatingandentertainment.Oneoftheacclaimedactivitiesisthebungeejump.TheAJHackettMacaoTowerBungeeJumpis233metershigh,makingitthehighestcommercialbungeejumpintheworld.Raiseyourarmsandoffyougo!Ifyouarenotdaringenoughtojumpthatheight,youcantrytheskywalkonthe57thfloorit'sstillremarkable.GrabbingatraditionalPortuguesedinnerMacaowascolonizedbyPortugalbefore1999.Asaresult,PortuguesecultureisdeeplyimmersedintomanycomersofMacao.ManyPortuguesesettledandopenedPortugueserestaurantsinthespecialadministrativeregion,buttheflavorismoreadaptabletoChinesepeople.MarkingattheRuinsofSt.PaulTheRuinsofSt.PaulisthesignaturelandmarkofMacao.TheruinsconsistoftheSt.Paul'sCollegeandtheChurchofSt.Paul,builtin1583.However,afterthreeintensefiresin1595,1601and1835,thechurchwasseriouslydamaged.Itisbeyondbeliefthatafterthevigorouscyclesofrebuildingandfires,thehugesurfaceandthefrontstairwayremainunburned.VisitingamuseumMacao,asatinycitywithonlyanareaof30.5squarekilometers,has23eye-catchingmuseums.Duetoitsuniquehistory,bothEasternandWesternhistoricalsitescanbefound.Manyofthemarepreservedforculturalheritage,touristspotsormuseums,suchastheGrandPrixMuseum,MaritimeMuseumandWineMuseum.4.Whichactivitywillbepopularwithadventurousvisitors?A.GoingBungeeJumping.B.GrabbingatraditionalPortuguesedinner.C.MarkingattheRuinsofSt.Paul.D.Visitingamuseum.5.WhatisincredibleabouttheRuinsofSt.Paul?A.Ithasauniqueculture.B.ItservesasasymbolofMacao.C.Itpartlystaysundamagedafterfiercefires.D.Itisacombinationofacollegeandachurch.6.Whatdo"'GrabbingatraditionalPortuguesedinner"and"Visitingamuseum"haveincommon?A.Takingaselfieinit.B.Findinghistoricalsites.C.Enjoyingabreathtakingexperience.D.Feelingbotheasternandwesterncultures.【答案】4.A5.C6.D【解析】這是一篇應(yīng)用文。本篇介紹了去澳門游玩時(shí)不可錯(cuò)過的四件事：去AJHackett蹦極，吃傳統(tǒng)澳門餐，打卡圣保羅大教堂、參觀博物館。4.推理判斷題。根據(jù)MacaoTowerAJHackettBungeeJump部分的Oneoftheacclaimedactivitiesisthebungeejump.TheAJHackettMacaoTowerBungeeJumpis233metershigh,makingitthehighestcommercialbungeejumpintheworld.(蹦極是最受歡迎的活動(dòng)之一。AJHackett澳門塔蹦極有233米高，是世界上最高的商業(yè)蹦極)可推測，喜歡冒險(xiǎn)的人會(huì)去AJHackett塔蹦極。A.GoingBungeeJumping.(去蹦極)符合以上說法，故選A項(xiàng)。5.細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)MarkingattheRuinsofSt.Paul部分的Itisbeyondbeliefthatafterthevigorouscyclesofrebuildingandfires,thehugesurfaceandthefrontstairwayremainunburned.(令人難以置信的是，在經(jīng)歷了一輪又一輪的重建和火災(zāi)后，巨大的表面和前面的樓梯仍然沒有被燒毀)可知，圣保羅大教堂的不可思議之處是雖然經(jīng)歷了很多次火災(zāi)，它的一些部分沒有被大火燒毀。C.Itpartlystaysundamagedafterfiercefires.(在猛烈的火災(zāi)后，它的一部分仍然完好無損)符合以上說法，故選C項(xiàng)。6.細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)GrabbingatraditionalPortuguesedinner部分的Asaresult,PortuguesecultureisdeeplyimmersedintomanycomersofMacao.ManyPortuguesesettledandopenedPortugueserestaurantsinthespecialadministrativeregion,buttheflavorismoreadaptabletoChinesepeople(因此，許多來澳門的人都深深融入了葡萄牙文化。許多葡萄牙人在澳門特別行政區(qū)定居,