考研英語(yǔ)（二）模擬試卷5（共8套）

（共409題）

考研英語(yǔ)（二）模擬試卷第1套

一、完型填空（本題共20題，每題7.0分，共20分。）

Atthemomentthesecondplanewasslammingintothesouthtower,PresidentBushwas

(1)tothesecond-gradersofEmmaE.BookerElementaryinSarasotaFTA.When

hearrivedattheschoolhehadbeenwhisked(2)aholdingroom:NationalSecurity

AdvisorCondoleezzaRiceneededto(3)tohim.Buthesoonappearedinthe

classroomandlistened(4)asthechildrenwentthroughtheirreadingdrill.Ashe

wasgettingreadytopose(5)pictureswiththeteachersandkids,chiefofstaff

AndyCardenteredtheroom,walked(6)tothePresidentandwhisperedinMsright

ear.ThePresident'sfacebecame(7)tenseandserious.(8)nodded.Cardleft

andforseveralminutesthePresidentseemeddistractedandsomberbutthenhe(9)

hisinteractionwiththeclass."Reallygoodreaders,whew!"hetold(10)"These

mustbesix-graders!"Meanwhile,intheroom(11)Bushwasscheduledtogivehis

remarks,about200,people,(12)localofficials,schoolpersonnelandstudents,

waitedunderthehotlights.,Wordofthecrashbeganto(13)reporterscalledtheir

editors,butdetailsweresparseuntilsomeone(14)therewasaTVinanearby

office.ThePresidentfinallyentered,about35minuteslater,and(15)hisbrief

comments."Ihisisa(16)timetorAmerica,"hebegan.Heorderedamassive

(17)to"huntdownthefolks(18)committedthisact."Meanwhilethebomb

dogstookafewextrapassesthroughAirForceOne,andanextrafighterescortwas

added.(19)thePresidenttoowasgoingtohavetrouble(20)home.

1、Atthemomentthesecondplanewasslammingintothesouthtower.PresidentBush

was(1)tothesecond-gradersofEmmaE.BookerElementaryinSarasotaFTA.

Whenhearrivedattheschoolhehadbeenwhisked(2)aholdingroom:National

SecurityAdvisorCondoleezzaRiceneededto(3)tohim.Buthesoonappearedin

theclassroomandlistened(4)asthechildrenwentthroughtheirreadingdrill.As

hewasgettingreadytopose(5)pictureswiththeteachersandkids,chiefofstaff

AndyCardenteredtheroom,walked(6)iothePresidentandwhisperedinMsright

ear.ThePresident'sfacebecame(7)tenseandserious.(8)nodded,Cardleft

andforseveralminutesthePresidentseemeddistractedandsomberbutthenhe(9)

hisinteractionwiththeclass."Reallygoodreaders,whew!"hetold(10)"These

mustbesix-graders!"Meanwhile,intheroom(11)Bushwasscheduledtogivehis

remarks,about200,pcople,(12)localofficials,schoolpersonnelandstudents,

waitedunderthehotlights.,Wordofthecrashbeganto(13)reporterscalledtheir

editors,butdetailsweresparseuntilsomeone(14)therewasaTVinanearby

office.ThePresidentfinallyentered,about35minuteslater,and(15)hisbrief

comments."Thisisa(16)timeforAmerica,"hebegan.Heorderedamassive

(17)to"huntdownthefolks(18)committedthisact."Meanwhilethebomb

dogstookafewextrapassesthroughAirForceOne,andanextrafighterescortwas

added.(19)thePresidenttoowasgoingtohavetrouble(20)home.

A、tointroduce

B、introduced

C^introducing

D、beingintroduced

標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：D

知識(shí)點(diǎn)解析：該句強(qiáng)調(diào)布什總統(tǒng)在9.11事件同時(shí)發(fā)生的動(dòng)作，均應(yīng)為過(guò)去進(jìn)行

時(shí)。

2、

A^into

B、for

C、in

D^at

標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：A

知識(shí)點(diǎn)解析:whiskedinto"被迅速帶人"，whisk”迅速移動(dòng),飛奔"。

3、

A、talk

B、speak

C、say

D、discuss

標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：B

知識(shí)點(diǎn)解析：speaktosb.”跟…說(shuō)話“，尤指”僅交談數(shù)語(yǔ)的簡(jiǎn)短談話”。

4、

A^appreciatively

B、attentively.

C、happily

D、absent-mindedly

標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：A

知識(shí)點(diǎn)解析：appreciatively"表示欣賞地;"attentively"注意地";happily”快活地”;

absent-mindedly"心不在焉地"。從邏輯推理，當(dāng)時(shí)布什已經(jīng)知道9.11事件，但對(duì)孩

子的朗讀總統(tǒng)應(yīng)該表示欣賞。

5、

A、to

B>from

C^at

D、for

標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：D

知識(shí)點(diǎn)解析：poseforaphotographwith”擺好姿勢(shì)同…合影，

6、

A、over

B、forward

C、backward

D、soon

標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：A

知識(shí)點(diǎn)解析：over指"越過(guò)距離，從一邊到另一邊"，如swimovertotheothersideof

theriver游到河的對(duì)岸去

7、

A、visually

B、visibly

C、virtually

D、vitally

標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：B

知識(shí)點(diǎn)解析：該句意為，總統(tǒng)的臉色明顯變得焦急和嚴(yán)肅。visibly”明顯地”，符合

題意。visually”視覺(jué)上"；virtually”事實(shí)上“；vitally"緊要地”<>

8、

A^Card

B、She

C、He

D、They

標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：c

知識(shí)點(diǎn)解析：he明顯指總統(tǒng)。

9、

A、assumed

B、resumed

C^consumed

D、assured

標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：B

知識(shí)點(diǎn)解析?：該句意為，他向左邊的Card點(diǎn)了下頭，只有幾分鐘總統(tǒng)顯得心煩和

憂慮，但這時(shí)他恢復(fù)了和全班的交流。resume”恢復(fù)，重新開始”符合題意。

assumed"假定"；consumed"消耗"；assured"確定"。

10、

A^theteachers

B、them

C、thekids

D、both

標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：B

知識(shí)點(diǎn)解析：them明顯指全班同學(xué)，theclass。

11、

A、that

B、when

C、where

D^inthat

標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：C

知識(shí)點(diǎn)露析?：引導(dǎo)修飾地點(diǎn)的定語(yǔ)從句要用whereo

12、

A、inaddition

B、including

C、excluding

D、except

標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：B

知識(shí)點(diǎn)解析：including“包括”引導(dǎo)分詞短語(yǔ)作狀語(yǔ)，對(duì)前面內(nèi)容加以說(shuō)明。

13、

A、circulate

B、speak

C、appear

D、keep

標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：A

知識(shí)點(diǎn)解析：circulate”傳播，流傳”，指撞機(jī)事件的消息開始流傳。

14、

A、tracedback

B、remembered

C^memorized

D、conceived

標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：B

知識(shí)點(diǎn)解析：該句意為，直到某人想起在附近辦公室有一臺(tái)電視機(jī)。remembered"

回憶起，記得"，符合題意。tracedback"追溯"；memorized"記住"；conceived"構(gòu)思

15、

A^presented

B、took

C、had

D、made

標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：D

知識(shí)點(diǎn)解析：makecommenls(onslh)"評(píng)論某事"，為固定用法。

16、

A^horrible

B、terrible

C、difficult

D、frightening

標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：C

知識(shí)點(diǎn)解析：該句意為，這對(duì)美國(guó)來(lái)說(shuō)是一個(gè)艱難的時(shí)刻。difficulttime”艱難時(shí)刻

”，符合題意。

17、

A、experiment

B、research

C、examination

D、investigation

標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：D

知識(shí)點(diǎn)解析：該句意為，他命令展開大規(guī)模的調(diào)查以搜索出這次事件的策劃者。

massiveinvestigation"大規(guī)模調(diào)查",符合題意。

18、

A、and

B、who

C、that

D、what

標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：B

知識(shí)點(diǎn)解析：引導(dǎo)修飾人的定語(yǔ)從句用who。

19、

A、But

B、Instead

C^Furthermore

D、Despite

標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：A

知識(shí)點(diǎn)解析：最后兩句意為，同時(shí)搜索炸彈的獵犬在空軍一號(hào)過(guò)道中又搜尋了幾

遍。但總統(tǒng)仍會(huì)在回家時(shí)有麻煩。表示轉(zhuǎn)折用but。

20、

A^tohelp

B、getting

C、toget

D、helping

標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：B

知識(shí)點(diǎn)解析:gelhome"回家have【rouble（in）doingsth."在…方面有麻煩"。

二、閱讀（常規(guī)閱讀理解）（本題共20題，每題7.0

分，共20分。）

Todaybusinesscardsarcdistributedbyworkingpeopleofallsocialclasses,illustrating

notonlytheuniquityofcommercialinterestsbutalsothefluidityoftheworldoftrade.

Whetheroneisbuttonholingpotentialclientsloracarpentryservice,announcingone's

latestacademicappointment,or"networking"withfellowexecutives,itispermissibleto

advertiseone'stalentsandavailabilitybyanoutstretchedhandandthestatement"Here's

mycard.**AsRobertLouisStevensononceobserved,everybodymakeshislivingby

sellingsomething.Businesscardsfacilitatethisendeavor.Ithasnotalwaysbeenthis

way.Thecardsthatwcusetodayforcommercialpurposesarcavulgarizationofthe

nineteenth-centurysocialcallingcards,anartifactwithaquitedifferentpurpose.Inthe

GildedAge,possessingacallingcardindicatednotthatyouwereinterestedinforming

businessrelationships,butthatyourmoneywassooldthatyouhadnoneedtomakea

living.Forthecalling-cardclass,lifewasacontinualroundofsocialvisits,andthe

protocol（禮遇）governingthesevisitswasinextricablylinkedtotheproperuseofcards.

PickupanyetiquettemanualpredatingWorldWarI,andyouwillfindwholechapters

devotedtosuchquestionsaswhetherasinglegentlemanmayleaveacardforalady;

whenaladymust,andmustnot,turndowntheedgesofacard;andwhetheran

unmarriedgirlofbetweenfourteenandseventeenmaycarrymorethansixorlessthan

thirteencardsinherpurseinmonthsbeginningwitha"J".Thecallingcardsystemwas

especiallycherishedbythosewhomadenodistinctionbetweenmannersandmereform,

anditspreciousnesswaswelldefinedbyMrs.JohnSherwood.Her1887manualcalled

thecard"thefieldmarkanddevice"ofcivilization.Thebusinessversionofthecalling

cardcameinaroundthemmofthecentury,whentheformerly,welldefinedborders

betweenthecommercialandthepersonalrealmswereusedwidely,societymavens（A）

行）considereditunforgivabletofusethetworealms.EmilyPost'scontemporaryLilian

Eichlercalleditverypoortastetousebusinesscardsforsocialpurposes,andaslateas

1967AmyVanderbiltcounseledthatthemerchant'smarker"mayneverdoubleforsocial

purposes',.

21、Businesscardsareusuallyusedto

A、announceone'slatestacademicappointment

B、establishbusinessrelationships

C、makealiving

D、illustratethefluidityoftheworldoftrade

標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：D

知識(shí)點(diǎn)解析：第一段第一句提到“名片”時(shí)指出，它不但說(shuō)明了商業(yè)利益的獨(dú)特性,

同樣展示了世界貿(mào)易的流動(dòng)性。

22、Thestatementwhichhasnotbeenmentionedinthepassageis

A、business,cardsareavulgarizationofthenineteenth-centurysocialcallingcard

B、Thecallingcardsystemwasespeciallycherishedbythesewhomadenodistinction

betweenmannersandmereform

C、mostpeoplethoughtitimpropertousebusinesscardsforsocialpin-poses

D^everyonemakeshislivingbysellingsomething

標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：C

知識(shí)點(diǎn)解析：第一段第一句指出，今天名片(businesscard)被社會(huì)各階層的勞動(dòng)者

隨意散發(fā)和濫用。明顯與此意不符。

23、Thesentencethat"yourmoneywassoold"inthesecondparagraphmeans

A、youhaveanoldpoundnote

B、yourmoneywasuseless

C、youhavealotofmoney

D、yoninheritedafortunefromyourancestors

標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：D

知識(shí)點(diǎn)解析：第二段第三句指出，在“鍍金時(shí)代”，擁有名片(callingcard)不但意味

著你有興趣結(jié)成商業(yè)關(guān)系，同樣意味著你有遺產(chǎn)，不必為生活操心。Oldmoney意

為“祖?zhèn)鬟z產(chǎn)”。

24、Businesscardsarelikelytohaveappeared

A、atthebeginningofnineteenthcentury

B、atthebeginningoftwentiethcentury

C、beforethenineteenthcentury

D^afterWorldWarI

標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：B

知識(shí)點(diǎn)解析：第三段第一句提到，名片的商業(yè)形式出現(xiàn)在世紀(jì)之交。而第二段第二

句提到callingcard出現(xiàn)在19世紀(jì)，故商業(yè)名片的出現(xiàn)應(yīng)該是在二十世紀(jì)初，

25、IntheGildedAge,peoplewhopossessedacallingcard

A、hadtomaketheirliving

wereinterestedinformingbusinessrelationships

C>boastedoftheirwealth

D、adveilisedtheirlalemsandavailability

標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：C

知識(shí)點(diǎn)解析：第二段第三句指出，在“鍍金時(shí)代”，擁有名片(callingcard)不但意味

著你有興趣結(jié)成商業(yè)關(guān)系，同樣意味著你有遺產(chǎn)，不必為生活操心。故可以推測(cè)答

案應(yīng)為炫耀自己的財(cái)富。

PresidentBush'sre-electionalreadyhasresultedinmorefundsforoneoftheelection's

pivotal"moralvalues"issues—abstinenceeducation.Congresslastweekendincluded

morethan$131millionforabstinenceprogramsinitsS388billionspendingbill.This

representsanincreaseof$30millionforprogramsthatteachmiddle-andhigh-school

youthsthatsexualabstinenceuntilmarriageisthebestchoice.Thenewfundingisfar

lessthanthe$100millionMr.Bushrequested,butitmarksa"recordleveloffunding',,

saidleadersoftheNationalAbstinenceClearinghouseinSiouxFalls,S.D.Public

debatesaboutthemeritsofteachingabstinence-until-marriageversusabstinence-plus-

contraceptionarelikelytocontinue:Anationalevaluationofabstinence-until-marriage

programshasbeendelayed,withafinalreportnotexpecteduntil2006,saidaspokesman

fortheDepartmentofHealthandHumanServices(HHS).TheBushadministrationhas

fueledthisdebatebysteadilyincreasingfederalfundsforabstinenceeducation,which

hasbeenoutmatchedfordecadesbyfundingforfamilyplanning,HIV/AIDSandother

sexeducationthatprimarilyteachesaboutbirthcontrol,condomsanddiseaseprevention.

"Wehavesaidthatfundingforabstinenceeducation...oughttobeonatleastequal

footingwithothersexeducationprograms,"WhiteHousespokesmanScottMcClellan

saidNov.17atthenominationofWhiteHousedomesticpolicyadviserMargaret

SpellingsasDepartmentofEducationsecretary."Thepresidentisanadvocateof

abstinence-educationprogramsbecausehewantstofbcusonwhatworks,"Mr.

McClellansaid,notingthatMrs.Spellingssupportsabstinence-basededucationin

schools.WilliamSmithoftheSexualityInformationandEducationCounciloftheUnited

Stateschallengedtheideathatabstinenceeducationhasbeen"proveneffective"."No

soundstudyexiststhatshowsthattheseprogramshaveanylong-termbeneficialimpact

onyoungpeople'ssexualbehavior,"Mr.Smithsaid."Thefactthepresident'snomineefor

thenation*stopteachersupportstheseprogramsisparticularlydisturbing.'1Whenit

comestochildren'ssexualbehavior,theprimarymessagethenationshouldgiveis

abstinenceuntilmarriage,saidWadeF.Horn,HHSassistantsecretaryforchildrenand

families.nWedon'tneedastudy,ifIremembermybiologycorrectly,toshowusthat

thosepeoplewhoaresexuallyabstinenthaveazerochanceofbecomingpregnantor

gettingsomeonepregnantorcontractingasexuallytransmitteddisease,"saidMr.Horn.

Meanwhile,opponentsofabstincncc-onlyeducationcontinuetowarnagainstflouring

moneyintounprovenprograms.AdvocatesforYouth(AFY),forinstance,recently

releaseda10stalestudysayingthatafterfiveyearsand$45,5millioninfederalfunding,

abstinenceprogramshaveresultedin"fewshort-termbenefitsandnolastingpositive

impact'1.

26、Thetextismainlyabout

A、thepublicdebatesaboutthemerits.

B、federalfundspaidfortheabstinenceeducation.

C、abstinenceeducationraisedbytheBushadministration.

D、theeffectsofabstinenceeducation.

標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：C

知識(shí)點(diǎn)解析：主旨題。本文主要論述的是布什政府所提出的禁欲教育，其中既提到

了需要的資金，也提到了教育的影響，所以正確答案應(yīng)為答案選項(xiàng)?！睘橹Ц督?/p>

教育的聯(lián)邦資金“和“禁欲教育的影響嘟是文章中的細(xì)節(jié)，太過(guò)片面；”關(guān)于婚前禁

欲加避孕教育的辯論”在文中只起到突出“禁欲教育”的作用，并非文章的主旨。

27、Accordingtothepassage,abstinenceeducation

A^meansabstinenceplus-contraception.

B、haslong-termbeneficialimpactsonyoungpeople'ssexualbehavior.

C、includesfamilyplanning,HIV/AIDSandothersexeducation.

D、isanimportantelection'suinoralvalues"issueofBush'sre-election.

標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：D

知識(shí)點(diǎn)解析：細(xì)節(jié)題。文章開頭就提到禁欲教育是布什再次競(jìng)選的一個(gè)重要課題，

所以答案選項(xiàng)為正確答案?！敝附颖茉械慕逃笔清e(cuò)誤的，正確的理解應(yīng)為“婚

前禁欲“；“對(duì)年輕人的性行為有長(zhǎng)期的、有利的影響”，由文章第十段可知該項(xiàng)是

不正確的；”禁欲教育包括家庭計(jì)劃、艾滋病教育和其他性教育”是錯(cuò)誤的，因?yàn)檫@

些概念之間都是并列的關(guān)系而非包含關(guān)系。因此這三項(xiàng)都不符合題意。

28、Manypeopleofagenciesdisagreetotheabstincncc-onlyeducationNOTbecause

A、theabstinenceeducationhasnotbeenproveneffective.

B、thepresidentisanadvocateofabstinence-educationprogram.

C、abstinenceprogramshaveresultedinfewshort-termbenefits.

D、therewasnosignificantchangeinthepercentageofstudentsstickingnosexafterthe

abstinenceeducation.

標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案；B

知識(shí)點(diǎn)解析：細(xì)節(jié)題。"禁欲教育還未被證明是有效的”是WilliamSmith的反對(duì)意

見(jiàn)，”禁欲教育幾乎沒(méi)有收到短期效果”是AFY成員的反對(duì)意見(jiàn)；”在接受禁欲教育

之后，堅(jiān)持不發(fā)生性行為的學(xué)生比例并沒(méi)有變化”是舉的一個(gè)反對(duì)禁欲教育的實(shí)

例。而”布什總統(tǒng)是禁欲教育的支持者”并不成為其他人或機(jī)構(gòu)反對(duì)禁欲教育的理

由，所以該項(xiàng)為正確選項(xiàng)。

29、Wccaninferfromthelastparagraphthat

A、AFYencouragesyouthtohavesex.

AFYagreesthatthereisnotenoughmoneyinoperatingabstinenceeducation

program.

C、AFYforbidsyouthtohavesex.

D、AFYthinksthatabstinenceprogramisanunprovenprogram.

標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：D」「

知識(shí)點(diǎn)解析：推理題。艱據(jù)文章最后一段，可以得出結(jié)論：“青年之聲“認(rèn)為“禁欲

教育項(xiàng)目”是一個(gè)未得到證明的項(xiàng)目。根據(jù)本段的第一句話可以得知該項(xiàng)目的反對(duì)

者認(rèn)為沒(méi)有必要在未證明的項(xiàng)R上投資那么多的錢，該項(xiàng)R即指“禁欲教育項(xiàng)R”，

而“青年之聲”也是該項(xiàng)目的反對(duì)者之一，所以理所當(dāng)然得出“青年之聲“認(rèn)為“禁欲

教育項(xiàng)目”是一項(xiàng)未被證明的項(xiàng)目，即答案選項(xiàng)正確。另外，“青年之聲”所做的研

究只能表明禁欲教育并沒(méi)有什么成效，而不能推出"‘青年之聲’鼓勵(lì)年輕人發(fā)生性

行為“和“‘青年之聲’禁止年輕人發(fā)生性行為”，所以這兩項(xiàng)都不正確；"‘青年之聲’認(rèn)

為政府在‘禁欲教育項(xiàng)目'上投資的錢太少”，恰好相反，文章表明“青年之聲”認(rèn)為政

府在該項(xiàng)目上投資的錢太多，而不是太少，所以該項(xiàng)也不正確。

30、Thepassagemaybetakenfroma

A^newspaper.

B、report.

C、commentary.

D、book.

標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：A

知識(shí)點(diǎn)解析：推理題。閱讀全文可知，該文主要是對(duì)“禁欲教育項(xiàng)目”的描述，文章

簡(jiǎn)短，語(yǔ)言明快，內(nèi)容時(shí)新，所以很可能選自“報(bào)紙“。“報(bào)告”，“評(píng)論“，“書“都與

文章的風(fēng)格不符。

Thefullinfluenceofmechanizationbeganshortlyafter1850,whenavarietyofmachines

camerapidlyintouse.Theintroductionofthesemachinesfrequentlycreatedrebellions

byworkerswhowerefearfulthatthemachineswouldrobthemoftheirwork.Patrick

Bell,inScotland,andCyrusMcCormick,inUnitedStates,producedthreshingmachines.

Improve-meatsweremadeinplowstocompensatefordifferentsoiltypes.Streampower

cameintousein1860sonlargefarms.Hayrakes,hay-loaders,andvariousspecial

harvestingmachineswereproduced,Milkingmachinesappeared.Theinternal-

combustionenginerunbygasolinebecamethechiefpowersourceforthefarm.Intime,

thenumberofcertainfarmmachinesthatcameintouseskyrocketedandchangedthe

natureoffanning.Between1940and1960,forexample,12millionhorsesandmules

gavewayto5milliontractors.Tractorsoffermanyfeaturesthatareattractivetofarmers.

Thereare,forexample,numerousattachments:cultivatorsthatcanpenetratethesoilto

varyingdepths,rotaryhoesthatchopweeds;spraydevicesthatcanspraypesticidesin

bands100feetacross,andmanyothers.Apieceofequipmenthasnowbeeninventedor

adaptedforvirtuallyeverylaborioushandoranimaloperation.OnthefarmlatheUnited

States,forexample,cotton,tobacco,hay,andgrainarcplanted,treatedforpestsand

diseases,fertilized,cultivatedandharvestedbymachine.Largedevicesshakefruitand

nutfromtrees,gainandblendfeed,anddrygainandhay.Equipmentisnowavailableto

puljusttherightamountoffertilizerinjusttherightplace,tosprayanexactrowwidth,

andtocnnntout,Space,andplantjustrherightnumberofseedsforarow.

MechanizationisnotusedinagricultureinmanypartsofLatinAmerica,Africa,

Agricultureinnovationisacceptedfastestwhereagricultureisalreadyprofitableand

progressive.Somemechanizationhasreachedthelevelofplantationagricultureinparts

ofthetropics,buteventodaymuchofthatlandislaboriouslyworkedbypeopleleading

draftanimalspal-lingprimitiveplows.Theproblemsofmechanizationinsomeareasare

notonlyculturalinnature.Forexamples,tropicalsoilsandcropsdiffermarkedlyfrom

thoseintemperateareasthatthemachinesaredesignedfor,soadaptationshavetobe

made.Butthegreatestobstacletomechanizationisthefearinunderdevelopedcountries

thattheworkerswhoaredisplacedbymachineswouldnotfindworkelsewhere,

Introducingmechanizationintosuchareasrequirescarefulplanning.

31、Thefirstparagraphusesseveralexamplestoconveytheideasthat.

A、theintroductionofmachinesintoagriculturalworkcreatedrebellionsonthepartof

thefarmers

B、theuseofinternalcombustionengineasachiefpowersourceforthefarmproduced

greatinfluence

C、themechanizationofagriculturalworkafter1850graduallyrobbedmanyfarmersof

theirwork

D^ingeniousimprovementsweremadeinfanningmachinesinthe1860stoyield

production

標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：D

知識(shí)點(diǎn)解析：文章主旨題。意為："內(nèi)燃機(jī)(intemalcombustionengine)作為主要能源

在農(nóng)業(yè)上的應(yīng)用產(chǎn)生的巨大影響”。工業(yè)革命于19世紀(jì)60年代開始于英國(guó)，其主

要推動(dòng)力和標(biāo)志是內(nèi)燃機(jī)的發(fā)明，表現(xiàn)形式是逐漸的機(jī)械化，農(nóng)業(yè)也不例外。文章

第一段指出1850年后不久，機(jī)械化的影響逐漸展開，各種機(jī)器迅速投入使用，引

起了人們的抵抗，因?yàn)樗麄儜峙乱虼藭?huì)被機(jī)錯(cuò)代替，失去工作(robthemofthew

work)o下文列舉了犁、干草耙、裝草機(jī)、收割機(jī)、擠奶機(jī)等幾種重要機(jī)械農(nóng)具的

發(fā)明，用以說(shuō)明第一段第一句和最后一句所概括的內(nèi)容。最后一句可澤為：”以汽

油作燃料的內(nèi)燃機(jī)成為農(nóng)具的主要?jiǎng)恿?powersource)%

32、Inthefirstsentenceofthesecondparagraph,thewordskyrocketed,mostprobably

means.

A、becamevarious

B、wasupdated

Cxincreasedrapidly

D、remainedthesame

標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：c

知識(shí)點(diǎn)常析：詞義判斷題。該詞原意為“焰火”、“高空火箭”，本句是一個(gè)比喻，意

為：突然升起、猛漲。該句可譯為：”不久，使用的機(jī)械農(nóng)具的數(shù)量猛增，這改變

了農(nóng)耕的性質(zhì)”。

33、Inthetropicalareas,.

A、mechanizationisnotyetusedinagriculture

B、agricultureisacceptedfastest

C>alotoffarmworkisstilldoneintheoldway

D、mechanizationisavoidedtosaveprimitiveforest

標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：c

知識(shí)點(diǎn)。析：事實(shí)判斷題。意為：”許多農(nóng)活還是用傳統(tǒng)方式做，第四段指出，在

拉丁美洲、非洲和東方(theOrient)許多人口密集的地區(qū)，使用人力和牲畜耕作比用

機(jī)器便宜，農(nóng)業(yè)尚未機(jī)械化；農(nóng)業(yè)越多產(chǎn)越進(jìn)步的地方，農(nóng)業(yè)革新的速度越快。但

是，即使在今天，這些地區(qū)的大部分土地還要靠牲畜(draftanimals)拉著原始的犁吃

力地耕作。

34、Bysayingdial"thepiublcmsofmccliaiiiziiigsunieaicasaicnotonlycultuialin

nature",theauthormeans.

A、mechanizationisnotyetintroducedinsomeareasforeconomicreasons

BNhumanandanimallabourinsomeareasarclessexpensive

C、cultureisnotafactorinobstaclingtheintroductionofmechanization

D、differentkindsofmechanizedfanningtoolsareusedindifferentcultures

標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：A

知識(shí)點(diǎn)解析：推理題。意為：”某些地區(qū)未實(shí)現(xiàn)機(jī)械化是由于經(jīng)濟(jì)方面的原因”。最

后一段指出，在某些地區(qū)實(shí)行機(jī)械化從本質(zhì)上來(lái)看并不僅是個(gè)文化問(wèn)題，例如：熱

帶土壤和作物與溫帶(temperateareas)明顯不同，所以，為溫帶設(shè)計(jì)的農(nóng)具不能用于

熱帶，必須加以改造。但是，實(shí)現(xiàn)機(jī)械化最大的隙礙是：落后國(guó)家的農(nóng)民害怕被機(jī)

器代替(displaced),因?yàn)闀?huì)失去謀生手段。后者是經(jīng)濟(jì)原因。

35、Whatcanweinferfromthepassage?

A、Humancanbetotallyreplacedbymachinesinagriculture.

B、WecannotseemechanizationinAfrica,

C、Aslongasadaptationsbeenmade,mechanizationwillbeusedinagriculturein

tropicalarea.

D、ThenumberoffarmerswhorunafarminAmericaislessthanthatofthefarmerwho

runafarmofunderdevelopedcountries.

標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：D

知識(shí)點(diǎn)解析：事實(shí)推斷題。文章雖然指出機(jī)械化發(fā)展很快，但并未提及人類將在農(nóng)

業(yè)生產(chǎn)中完全被替代；文章說(shuō)機(jī)械化在非洲和拉丁美洲的許多地方還未使用，但沒(méi)

有說(shuō)那里完全沒(méi)有機(jī)械農(nóng)具，最后一段則指出在熱帶地區(qū)實(shí)行機(jī)械化的問(wèn)題很復(fù)

雜，需要仔細(xì)規(guī)劃；只有答案選項(xiàng)正確，這可以從第四段第二句得到驗(yàn)證。

Wchaveknownforalongtimethattheorganizationofanyparticularsocietyis

influencedbythedefinitionofthesexesandthedistinctiondrawnbetweenthem.Butwe

haverealizedonlyrecentlythattheidentityofeachsexisnotsoeasytopindown,and

thatdefinitionsevolveinaccordancewithdifferenttypesofcultureknowntous,thatis,

scientificdiscoveriesandideologicalrevolutions.Ournatureisnotconsideredas

immutable,eithersociallyorbiologically.Asweapproachthebeginningofthe21st

century,thesubstantialprogressmadeinbiologyandgeneticsisradicallychallengingthe

roles,responsibilitiesandspecificcharacteristicsattributedtoeachsex.andyet.scarcely

twentyyearsago,thesewerethoughttobe"beyonddispute".Wecansafelysay,witha

fewminorexceptions,thatthedefinitionofthesexesandtheirrespectivefunctions

remainedunchangedintheWestfromthebeginningofthe19thcenturytothe1960s.

Theroledistinction,raisedinsomecasestothestatusofuncompromisingdualismona

stronglyhierarchicalmodel,lastedthroughoutthisperiod,appealingforitsjustification

tonature,religionandcustomsallegedtohaveexistedsincethedawnoftime.The

womanborechildrenandtookcareofthehome.Themansetouttoconquertheworld

andwasresponsibleforthesurvivalofhisfamily,bysatisfyingtheirneedsinpeacetime

andgoingtowarwhennecessary.Theentireworldorderrestedonthedivergenceofthe

sexes.Anyoverlappingorconfusionbetweentheroleswasseenasathreattothetime-

honoredorderofthings.Ilwasfelttobeagainstnature,adeviationfromthenorm.Sex

rolesweredeterminedaccordingtothe"place"appropriatetoeach.Women'splacewas,

firstandforemost,inthehome.Theoutsideworld,i.e.workshops,factoriesandbusiness

firms,belongedtomen.Thissex-baseddivisionoftheworld(privateandpublic)gave

risetoastrictdichotomybetweentheattitudes,whichconferredoneachitsspecial

identity.Thewoman,sequesteredathome,"cared,nurturedandconserved".Todothis,

shehadnoneedtobedaring,ambitious,toughorcompetitive.Theman,ontheother

hand,competingwithhisfellowmen,wascaughtupeverydayinthestrugglefor

survival,andhencedevelopedthosecharacteristicswhichwerethoughtnaturalinaman.

Today,manywomengoout'towork,andtheirreasonsfordoingsohavechanged

considerably.Besidesthetraditionalfinancialincentives,wefindambitionandpersonal

fulfillmentmotivatingthoseinthemostfavorablecircumstances,andthewishtohavea

sociallifeandtogetoutoftheirdomesticisolationinfluencingothers.Aboveall,forall

women,workisinvariablyconnectedwiththedesireforindependence.Notes:immutable

不可改變的dualism雙金論divergence分歧，偏離overlapping部分巧合、一致

time-honored由來(lái)已久的dichotomy一分為二，對(duì)立sequester使隔離becaughtup

in被纏住于:Heiscaughtupinthetrivia（瑣事）ofeverydaythingsunduly過(guò)渡地,

不恰當(dāng)?shù)?/p>

36、Itisonlyinrecentyearsthatwehaverecognizedthat

A、thereisalmostnocluetotheidentityofbothsexes.

B、theroledistinctionbetweendifferentsexesisconspicuous.

C>thedifferentdefinitionsofsexesbearsonthedevelopmentofculture.

D、theprogressofcivilizationgreatlyinfluencestheroledefinitionsofsexes.

標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：D

知識(shí)點(diǎn)解析?：細(xì)節(jié)理解題。本題問(wèn)：直到最近我們才意識(shí)到什么?第1段第2句寫

道：”但是直到最近我們才意識(shí)到，每一種性別的本性是很難說(shuō)清楚的，并且定義

是按照我們所知道的不同文化，即科學(xué)發(fā)現(xiàn)和思想革命，在發(fā)展的"。由此可見(jiàn)，”

文明的進(jìn)步對(duì)男女性別作用的定義有很大影響"符合上述句意。"thereisalmostno

cluetotheidentityofbothsexes幾乎沒(méi)有線索來(lái)確定兩種性別的本性”屬概念偷換，

故應(yīng)排除。"theroledistinctionbetweendifferentsexesisconspicuous不同性別所承擔(dān)

的工作差別是顯而易見(jiàn)的”屬正反顛倒，故不能入選。"thedifferentdefinitionsof

sexesbearsonthedevelopmentofculture性別的不同定義對(duì)文化的發(fā)展產(chǎn)生影響"屬

前后顛倒，故不能入選。注意：pindown確定；清楚說(shuō)明。

37、Fromparagraph1wecaninferihalilisnowpossibleforwoinenloembarkuna

careerbecause

A、thechangeinsexrolesisoutofthequestion.

women'slibhasbeergoingonformanyyears.

C、ideasabouttherolesofwomenhavebeenchanging.

D、theexpansionofsciencesscarcelyremoldsthewomen'sroles.

標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：C

知識(shí)點(diǎn)解析：推理判斷題。本題問(wèn)：從第一段可以推理，為什么現(xiàn)在婦女可以從事

一種職業(yè)?第1段最后兩句寫道：”不能認(rèn)為我們的本性在社會(huì)的或生理的方面來(lái)看

是不可改變的。隨著我們接近21世紀(jì)初，生物學(xué)和遺傳學(xué)方面所取得的巨大進(jìn)步

正在從根本上對(duì)屬于每一種性別的角色、職責(zé)和特征提出挑戰(zhàn)，可是在不到20年

以前，上述各點(diǎn)還被認(rèn)為是，無(wú)可爭(zhēng)辯的由此推理，現(xiàn)在婦女可以從事一種職

'也，是因?yàn)橛嘘P(guān)婦女角色的觀念一直在改變。"thechangeinsexrolesisoutofthe

question性別角色的改變是不可能的"具有較強(qiáng)的干擾性。outofthequestion意為"

不可能的”。之所選錯(cuò)是因?yàn)榘选loflhequeslion錯(cuò)誤地理解為“毫無(wú)疑問(wèn)的“the

expansionofsciencesscarcelyremoldsthewomen'sroles科學(xué)的發(fā)展幾乎沒(méi)有改變婦

女的角色”屬正反顛倒，故不能入選。注意：通過(guò)詞匯手段增強(qiáng)干擾是當(dāng)前命題的

一種趨勢(shì)。

38、Theauthorbelieves:hatsexdiscriminationintheWestbeforethe1960swas

A、preferable.

B、prevalent.

C、presumable.

D、precedent.

標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：B

知識(shí)點(diǎn)解析：細(xì)節(jié)歸納題。本題問(wèn)：作者認(rèn)為，20世紀(jì)60年代以前西方的性別歧

視狀況如何?第2段一開頭作者寫道：”我們可以有把握地說(shuō)，除了個(gè)別例外，從

19世紀(jì)初到20世紀(jì)60年代，對(duì)男女性別的定義和他們各自的作用一直沒(méi)有變化

"o接著，作者對(duì)此進(jìn)行了闡述，最后說(shuō)：”婦女在家生兒育女。男子外出謀生養(yǎng)

家，恪守職責(zé)，和平時(shí)期，以付家需，戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)時(shí)期，奔赴疆場(chǎng)”。綜上所述，男女并

不平等。可見(jiàn)，20世紀(jì)60年代以前西方的性別歧視普遍存在。故應(yīng)選“prevalent普

遍存在的；盛行的；流行的"。preferable更可取的；presumable可假設(shè)的；

precedent先前的，均不合題意。

39、Accordingtothefourthparagraph,theauthorseemstothinkthat

A、femalepassivityisnatural.

BNmenandwomenarephysicallyidentical.

C、menareborncompetitiveandaggressive.

D、somedifferentsexidentityisacquired.

標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：D

知識(shí)點(diǎn)解析：推理判斷題。本題問(wèn)：根據(jù)第4段，作者似乎還想說(shuō)明什么?第4段

第I句寫道：”不同忤別所承擔(dān)的角色是根據(jù)適合于每種性別的，地方’所決定的"c

作者談到了男女的不同"place"。接著作者說(shuō)："Thissex-baseddivisionofthe

world(privateandpublic)gaverisetoastrictdichotomybetweentheattitudes,which

conferredoneachitsspecialidentity".(這種根據(jù)性別對(duì)世界的劃分產(chǎn)生了兩種嚴(yán)格

不同的態(tài)度，因而賦予每一種性別所特有的特性)?？梢?jiàn)，在作者看來(lái)，某種不同

的性別特性不是天生的，而是后天因劃分了“地方”而逐漸形成的。緊接著，作者對(duì)

其觀點(diǎn)作了闡述。因此，”某種不同的性別特性是后天獲得的”是作者似乎要說(shuō)明

的。注意：文中所說(shuō)的“地方”實(shí)際上是指“工作崗位”。

40、Accordingtotheauthor,whichofthefollowingisthemostimportantreasonfor

womentogotowork?

A^Wishtoclaimtheirrightsandfreedom.

B、Ambitionandself-fulfillment.

C>Financialincentives.

D^Desireforasociallife.

標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：A

知識(shí)點(diǎn)解析：細(xì)節(jié)辨認(rèn)題。本題問(wèn)：按照作者的看法，下面哪一項(xiàng)是婦女參加工作

的最重要的原因?最后一段最后一句寫道：”最重要的，對(duì)于所有婦女來(lái)說(shuō)，工作總

是和渴望獨(dú)立有關(guān)的“。可見(jiàn)，”希望得到她們的權(quán)利和自由”符合上述句意，因?yàn)?/p>

此處權(quán)利與自由即為獨(dú)立之意。

三、閱讀(補(bǔ)全短文)(本題共5題，每題1.0分，共

5分。)

Thefollowingparagraphsaregiveninawrongorder.ForQuestions41-45,youare

requiredtoreorganizetheseparagra