Unit3EnvironmentalProtectionLearningAboutLanguageTeachingObjectives:1.Identifyandanalysetheusagesofdirectspeechandindirectspeech.2.Useindirectspeechtoexpressyourideas.3.Raisetheawarenessofenvironmentalprotection.Keyanddifficultpoints:Keypoint：Findoutandsummarizetherulesforchangingdirectspeechintoindirectspeechandlearntouseindirectspeechinthecontext.Difficultpoint：Howtouseindirectspeechinrealsituations.Part1BuildupyourvocabularyCompletethesentenceswiththecorrectformsofthewordsinthebox.ecologicalstarvedcomprehensivebroadcastsseizeCompletethepassagewiththecorrectformsofthewordsinthebox.releasedfuelstrendpoliciesrestrictsustainableVocabularyreformagovernmentcommittedtoreform致力于改革的政府far-reaching/majorreforms意義深遠(yuǎn)的/重大的變革economicreform經(jīng)濟改革thereformoftheeducationalsystem教育體制的改革vi.&vt.改革;(使)改正;改造(行為)n.改革;變革;改良練習(xí)：Ourgovernment_________________________________(致力于改革)formanyyears.hasbeencommittedtoreformVocabularysubmitsubmit...to...把……提交給……tosubmitanapplication/aclaim呈遞申請書/書面要求tosubmitacomplaint提交控訴書submit(oneself)to...向……屈服vi.&vt.提交;呈遞(文件、建議等)vi.&vt.屈服,投降練習(xí)：Thebossrequestedthatallapplications______________________(submit)byMonday.(should)besubmittedVocabularyresponsibilityhaveresponsibilityfor(doing)sth.有(做)某事的責(zé)任It’sonesresponsibilitytodosth.某人有責(zé)任做某事。takeresponsibilityfor(doing)sth.承擔(dān)(做)某事的責(zé)任asenseofresponsibility責(zé)任感n.責(zé)任;職責(zé)練習(xí)：It'sherresponsibility________________(ensure)theprojectfinishesontime.toensurePractice1.Manyexpertshaverealisedthatthecurrentmedicalsystem______________(需要改革)tomeettheneedsofourincreasingagingpopulation.2.Pleasesubmityourclaimfortravellingexpenses_________theaccountsdepartment.3.Shedecidedtoresignfromtheorganizationratherthan________________(屈從于……)thenewrules.4.Youarerequired______________(submit)afinaldraftofyouressayonMarch9.5.Residentsareresponsible___________keepingtheirrooms,kitchensandshowerroomscleanandtidy.needsreformingtosubmit(herself)totosubmitforPart2Directspeech＆IndirectspeechAmysaidthatshewasworkingonsomepersonalprojectsandtryingoutnewhobbies.IaskedAmy,"whathaveyoubeenuptolately?Anynewprojectsorexcitingthingshappeninginyourlife?"IaskedAmy,"whathaveyoubeenuptolately?Anynewprojectsorexcitingthingshappeninginyourlife?"直接引語：直接引述別人的話，把它放在引號內(nèi)，叫直接引語。Amysaidshewasworkingonsomepersonalprojectsandtryingoutnewhobbies.間接引語：用自己的話轉(zhuǎn)述別人的話，叫間接引語。直接引語變?yōu)殚g接引語時,從句中的人稱、時態(tài)、指示代詞、時間狀語和地點狀語等一般均要作相應(yīng)的變化。直接引語變?yōu)殚g接引語時，人稱的變化遵循以下原則。一隨主：直接引語中出現(xiàn)的第一人稱代詞要按照引述動詞的主語的人稱變化。她說她不會沮喪的。Shesaid,“Igetupearlyeveryday.”Shesaid,"Iwon'tbefrustrated."Shesaidthatshewouldn'tbefrustrated.直接引語間接引語Shesaid

shegotupearlyeveryday.二隨賓：直接引語中出現(xiàn)的第二人稱代詞要按照引述動詞的賓語的人稱變化，若引述動詞后沒有賓語，也可用第一人稱。我告訴瑪麗我們會保護(hù)她不受感染。直接引語變?yōu)殚g接引語時，人稱的變化遵循以下原則。ItoldMary,"Wewillprotectyoufrominfection."ItoldMarywewouldprotectherfrominfection.直接引語間接引語ShesaidtoKate,"Youdidyourhomeworkverywell"ShesaidtoKate

shehaddoneherhomeworkverywell.第三人稱不更新：直接引語出現(xiàn)的第三人稱代詞一般不需要變化。她告訴我，他們想減少脂肪的攝入量。直接引語變?yōu)殚g接引語時，人稱的變化遵循以下原則。Shesaidtome,"Theywanttodecreasetheamountoffattheyeat."Shetoldmethattheywantedtodecreasetheamountoffattheyate.直接引語間接引語Amysaid,"Mymothergaveherstudentsaverygoodspeechyesterday."Amysaid

hermotherhadgivenherstudentsaverygoodspeechthedaybefore.指示代詞的變化：this–that,these—those。李先生說：“這就是我昨天買的那本書?！敝苯右Z變?yōu)殚g接引語時，人稱的變化遵循以下原則。Mr.Lisaid,"ThisisthebookthatIboughtyesterday."Mr.Lisaidthatwasthebookthathehadboughtthedaybefore.直接引語間接引語Amysaid,"Mymothergaveherstudentsaverygoodspeechyesterday."Amysaid

hermotherhadgivenherstudentsaverygoodspeechthedaybefore.在直接引語變?yōu)殚g接引語時，直接引語句中的某些動詞也應(yīng)做相應(yīng)的變化。她說艾米那天會去。動詞的變化"Amywillcometoday."shesaid.ShesaidAmywouldgothatday.直接引語間接引語Tomsaid,"Iusuallygotoschoolatseven."Tomsaidsheusuallywenttoschoolatseven.come→goarrive→leavebring→take她說:"再過五分鐘演出就要開始了。"Shesaid,"Theperformancewillbegininfiveminutes."Shesaid(that)theperformancewouldbegininfiveminutes.直接引語Shesaid,"Iamverygladtoseeyou."Shesaid(that)

shewasverygladtoseeme.直接引語如果是陳述句，間接引語應(yīng)改為由that引導(dǎo)的賓語從句，that可以省去。直接引語變?yōu)殚g接引語時，句型的變化遵循以下原則。間接引語她問我是否對英語感興趣。SheaskedwhetherIwasinterestedinEnglish."DidAmyleave

yesterday?"sheasked.SheaskedwhetherAmyhadleft

thedaybefore.直接引語為一般疑問句，間接引語用連詞whether或if引導(dǎo)，原主句中謂語動詞said要改為asked(me/him/us等)，語序是陳述句的語序。直接引語變?yōu)殚g接引語時，句型的變化遵循以下原則。間接引語Shesaid,“YouareinterestedinEnglish,aren’tyou?”直接引語她問我說英語還是法語。SheaskedmewhetherIspokeEnglishorFrench."Do

youlearnMathsorPhysics?"sheasked.SheaskedwhetherIlearnMathsorPhysics.直接引語為選擇疑問句，間接引語用whether…or…表達(dá)，而不用if…or…，也不用either…or….直接引語變?yōu)殚g接引語時，句型的變化遵循以下原則。間接引語Sheasked,“DoyouspeakEnglishorFrench?”直接引語她問我叫什么。Heasked(me)whatmynamewas.Sheasked,"Howmanycarfactorieshavebeenbuiltinyourcountry?"Sheaskedus

howmanycarfactorieshadbeenbuiltinourcountry.直接引語為特殊疑問句，改成間接引語時，原來的疑問詞作為間接引語的連詞，主句的謂語動詞用ask(sb.)來表達(dá)，語序改為陳述句語序。直接引語變?yōu)殚g接引語時，句型的變化遵循以下原則。間接引語Heasked,"What’syourname?"直接引語她請我們坐下。Sheaskedustobeseated.直接引語為祈使句時，改為間接引語，用帶to的不定式表達(dá)，謂語動詞常是ask,advise,tell,warn,order,request等。如asksb.todo，(由肯定祈使句變成)asksb.nottodo(由否定祈使句轉(zhuǎn)變)，并且在不定式短語中的時間狀語、地點狀語、人稱及時態(tài)都作相應(yīng)的變化。直接引語變?yōu)殚g接引語時，句型的變化遵循以下原則。間接引語Shesaid,"Beseated,please."直接引語她建議我們休息一下。Shesuggestedushavingarest.有些含有“建議”、“勸告”的祈使句，可用suggest,insist,offer等動詞轉(zhuǎn)述。直接引語變?yōu)殚g接引語時，句型的變化遵循以下原則。間接引語Shesaid,"Let’shavearest."直接引語Shesaid,"Letmehelpyou."Sheoffered

tohelpme.她讓我打開門。Sheaskedmetoopenthedoor.當(dāng)直接引語形式上是疑問句，有表示請求，建議意義時，可用asksb.todosth./suggestdoing/advisesb.todosth.

等形式轉(zhuǎn)述。直接引語變?yōu)殚g接引語時，句型的變化遵循以下原則。間接引語“Wouldyoumindopeningthedoor?”sheasked.直接引語Sheaskedus,"Whynotgoingoutforawalk?"Sheadvisedustogooutforawalk.她說今天天氣真好。Shesaidwhatalovelydayitwas.直接引語是感嘆句時，變間接引語可用what或how引導(dǎo)，也可用that引導(dǎo)。直接引語變?yōu)殚g接引語時，句型的變化遵循以下原則。間接引語Shesaid,“Whatalovelydayitis!”直接引語Part3PracticeGuesswhostudentsaretalkingtoandthenchangethesentencesintoindirectspeech.NameStatements/QuestionsDaine“WhatmadeHurricaneKatrinaunusual?”“WasittheworstnaturaldisasterinAmericanhistory?”Martha“Iwanttobecomeascientistandhelptheworld.”“I’mdoingaprojectonbehalfofmyschoolaboutglobalwarming.”Bob“Whyisnuclearpowerasensitivetopic?”“Couldyouexplainhowthenucleardisasterhappened?”Laura“Howmanyanimalshavedisappearedbecauseofhumanhunting?”“Whatcanwedotohelpwildanimals?”Vincent“I’veneverbeentotheAmazonJungle.”“Willscientistsdiscovernewspeciesthere?”NameStatements/QuestionsDaineDaineaskedwhathadmadeHurricaneKatrinaunusual?Daineaskedif/whetherithadbeentheworstnaturaldisasterinAmericanhistory?MarthaMarthasaid/toldmethatshewanttobecomeascientistandhelptheworld.Marthasaid/toldmethatshewasdoingaprojectonbehalfofmyschoolaboutglobalwarming.BobBobaskedwhynuclearpowerwasasensitivetopic?Bobaskedif/whethertheycouldexplainhowthenucleardisasterhadhappened?LauraLauraaskedhowmanyanimalshaddisappearedbecauseofhumanhunting?Lauraaskedwhatwecoulddotohelpwildanimals?VincentVincentsaid/toldmethathehadneverbeentotheAmazonJungle.Vincentaskedif/whetherscientistswoulddiscovernewspeciesthere?完成句子1.“Iwillcomeandseeyouagainthisevening,Tom,”shesaid.→ShetoldTomthat_______wouldgoandsee_______againthatevening.2.Hesaidtome,“Youarewrong.”→Hetoldmethat_______waswrong.3.Theteachersaid,“YouaredoingOK.”→Thet