精講形式多變的動詞動詞中考考法及解題技巧溫馨提示：點擊內(nèi)容可跳轉(zhuǎn)至相應頁面。2動詞在語法填空中的考查1動詞在完形填空中的考查3動詞在單詞填空中的考查

近5年中考在完形填空中連續(xù)考查動詞(綿陽：5年28考；宜賓：5年31考)，主要有以下兩種考查角度：①動詞詞義辨析(綿陽：5年21考；宜賓：5年28考)；②動詞短語辨析(綿陽：5年7考；宜賓：5年3考)。動詞在完形填空中的考查對點訓練Cloze

1

Last

year，

I

was

chosen

to

go

to

France

as

an

exchange

student

for

a

term.

It

was

a

special

experience

and

I

1

a

lot

there.（

D

）1.

A.

forgot

B.

missed

C.

exercised

D.

learnedTrying

new

food

was

one

of

the

most

exciting

things.

In

addition，

as

we

all

know，

French

wine(酒)

is

famous

around

the

world.

One

of

the

reasons

is

that

the

farmers

are

very

good

at

2

grapes.（

B

）2.

A.

showing

B.

growing

C.

drawing

D.

eatingDBI

also

made

friends

with

some

locals，

and

it

gave

me

a

chance

to

3

their

culture.

What’s

more，

my

communication

ability

in

English

improved.（

A

）3.

A.

learn

about

B.

work

out

C.

turn

onD.

look

throughOf

course，

there

were

some

challenges.

For

example，

I

wanted

to

4

a

gift

in

the

store，

but

I

went

in

the

opposite

direction！

However，

these

challenges

made

the

trip

even

more

exciting，

as

I

5

that

everyone

here

was

polite

and

willing

to

help

me.（

C

）4.

A.

send

B.

hide

C.

buyD.

check（

A

）5.

A.

found

B.

showed

C.

turnedD.

pointedACAAll

in

all，

my

first

trip

abroad

was

amazing.Cloze

2

Porter

bought

an

old

Jeep

car(吉普車)

with

the

hope

of

repairing

it

with

his

sons.

Sadly，

before

the

work

was

1

，

Porter

hurt

his

leg

and

couldn’t

fix

the

car

himself.（

B

）1.

A.

invented

B.

finished

C.

found

D.

dividedPorter

was

not

sure

about

what

to

2

with

the

car.

Luckily，

his

neighbor

Bob

3

students

practical

skills

about

technology

at

the

nearby

high

school.

（

D

）2.

A.

come

B.

part

C.

go

D.

do（

B

）3.

A.

dressed

B.

taught

C.

advised

D.

forcedBDBHe

thought

that

helping

4

the

old

Jeep

car

would

be

a

“great

chance”

for

his

students.

“For

me，

it’s

not

just

about

5

my

students

how

to

repair

cars，”

Bob

said.

“It’s

about

teaching

them

how

to

6

to

the

community.”（

C

）4.

A.

choose

B.

drive

C.

repair

D.

clean（

B

）5.

A.

allowing

B.

showing

C.

ordering

D.

asking（

A

）6.

A.

give

back

B.

get

off

C.

look

for

D.

listen

toCBAThe

repair

work

didn’t

come

without

challenges，

but

the

students

didn’t

7

working

on

difficult

parts

of

the

car.

They

8

a

lot

of

effort

into

the

project

because

the

car

was

valuable.（

C

）7.

A.

write

B.

mind

C.

stop

D.

enjoy（

C

）8.

A.

threw

B.

talked

C.

put

D.

added

After

more

than

a

week

of

hard

work，

Bob

and

his

students

successfully

9

the

“new”

Jeep

to

the

Porter’s

family.（

A

）9.

A.

returned

B.

lent

C.

developed

D.

plannedCCA“As

soon

as

I

saw

the

car，

it

was

just

a

dream

that

was

10

，”

said

Porter.

“It

was

amazing

that

my

students

and

I

could

come

together

as

a

team

and

work

on

it，”

Bob

smiled.（

A

）10.

A.

achieved

B.

lost

C.

prepared

D.

changedA近5年中考在語法填空中連續(xù)考查動詞(綿陽：5年20考；宜賓：5年19考)，主要有以下六種考查角度：①變時態(tài)(綿陽：5年10考；宜賓：5年6考)；②變語態(tài)(宜賓：2023.73，2022.68)；③變動詞不定式(綿陽：5年3考；宜賓：5年5考)；④變動名詞(綿陽：5年4考；宜賓：5年4考)；⑤變名詞(綿陽：2024.44，2023.40；宜賓：2023.72)；⑥變形容詞(綿陽：2022.44；宜賓：2023.67)。具體解題技巧如下：動詞在語法填空中的考查課標知識導圖用所給動詞的適當形式填空變時態(tài)變動詞不定式變動名詞變名詞變形容詞動詞在語法填空中的考查變時態(tài)(1)句子時態(tài)為一般現(xiàn)在時，主語為非第三人稱單數(shù)/可數(shù)名詞復數(shù)/集合名詞表整體概念/代詞復數(shù)(2)在一般將來時中：begoingto或“will＋動詞原形”(3)助動詞(do/does/did及其否定形式)＋動詞原形1.填原形[例]Wepromisetotrainhardertowinthematch.[例]Iwillgotomyuncle'shome.[例]Idon'tliketoeatsweetfood.變時態(tài)(1)在一般現(xiàn)在時的句子中，主語是第三人稱單數(shù)(2)“a/an/one/this/that＋可數(shù)名詞單數(shù)”或this/that/it作主語時(3)復合不定代詞、疑問代詞作主語(4)不可數(shù)名詞作主語2.變單三形式[例]Smithreadseverynightbeforegoingtobed.[例]Thatmeanswehavetowaitfortwohours.[例]Everythingbeginstogrowwhenspringcomes.[例]Themilksmellsgood.變時態(tài)(1)根據(jù)上下文語境明確時態(tài)為過去式3.變過去式[例]Tompromisedtocometomybirthdayparty.However,hedidn'tshowupintheend.[例]IsawLilywhenIwalkedacrosstheplayground.[例]IboughtanEnglish-Chinesedictionaryyesterday.(2)主從句時態(tài)一致，當主句為過去的某種時態(tài)，從句通常也用過去的時態(tài)(3)有明顯表示過去時間的標志詞變時態(tài)(1)與have/has構成現(xiàn)在完成時(2)與be動詞構成被動語態(tài)4.變過去分詞[例]Shehasfinishedherhomework.[例]Foodisprovidedforstudentstoeat.[例]Wedon'thaveenoughpapertowriteon.變動詞不定式1.在句中作后置定語2.用于含動詞不定式的固定短語/句型3.在句中作賓語補足語4.在句中作目的狀語[例]Iwouldliketogotothepark.[例]Theteacheraskedstudentstofinishthetask.[例]Everymorninghegetsupveryearlytoexercise.[例]Ginaisgoodatplayingthepiano.變動名詞1.位于介詞/介詞短語后2.用于固定搭配中3.動名詞作主語4.動名詞＋or/and＋動名詞5.動名詞作定語[例]Ihadsometroublefindingthewaytothehospital.[例]LearningEnglishwellisimportant.[例]Singinganddancingmakemerelaxed.[例]Therearemanypeopleswimmingintheswimmingpool.[例]Thesmartcarcandrivewithoutadriver.變名詞1.a/an/the/that/every/each/another/either/one/序數(shù)詞/anyother＋可數(shù)名詞單數(shù)[例]Thankyouforgivingmesomanyusefulsuggestions.2.these/those/普通不定代詞(many/some/few/afew/both/all/other等)/大于1的基數(shù)詞/oneof(＋the＋形容詞最高級)/quiteafew/apairof/acoupleof/a(great/large)numberof/differentkindsof/allkindsof+可數(shù)名詞復數(shù)3.名詞/形容詞+名詞[例]Themanoverthereisournewteacher.4.可數(shù)名詞單數(shù)+am/is/was/謂語動詞的單三形式[例]Thewriterhascreatedmanyfamousnovels.5.可數(shù)名詞復數(shù)+are/were/動詞原形[例]Visitorsarelookingatthisancientbuilding.變名詞[例]Itisaninteesingstory.變形容詞1.形容詞＋名詞[例]Thekidsmaybeexcitedaboutthenewclothesandtoys.2.系動詞(如be動詞、感官動詞，turn，become，get等)＋形容詞3.形容詞＋and/or＋形容詞[例]Thegirliscreativeandsmart.4.復合不定代詞＋形容詞5.用于形容詞短語中，其結(jié)構為“be動詞＋形容詞＋介詞”[例]Youshouldwearsomethingcomfortabletothebeach.[例]I'mworriedaboutmyexam.知識必備一、動詞變形容詞的規(guī)則規(guī)則變化例詞規(guī)律wonder→wonderfulcare→①

careful

1.詞尾加②

-ful

amaze→③

amazing

interest→interesting2.詞尾加④

-ing

(修飾物，包含以不發(fā)音的字母e結(jié)尾，去e再加-ing)careful-fulamazing-ing規(guī)則變化例詞規(guī)律excite→⑤

excited

(宜賓：2023.67；綿陽：2022.44)surprise→surprisedrelax→relaxed3.詞尾加⑥

-ed

(修飾人，包含以e結(jié)尾直接加-d)worry→⑦

worried

satisfy→satisfied4.以輔音字母加-y結(jié)尾的動詞，⑧

變y為i，再加-ed

(修飾人)excited

-edworried

變y為i，再加-ed規(guī)則變化例詞規(guī)律enjoy→⑨

enjoyable

comfort→comfortable5.詞尾加⑩

-able

sleep→asleep

wake→awake6.動詞前加a-不規(guī)則變化die→dead

lose→lost7.其他enjoyable-able二、動詞變名詞的規(guī)則規(guī)則變化例詞規(guī)律teach→①

teacher

visit→visitor1.詞尾加②

-er或-or

dance→dancewrite→③

writer

2.以不發(fā)音的字母e結(jié)尾的動詞加④

-r

run→⑤

runner

win→winner3.以重讀閉音節(jié)結(jié)尾，且末尾只有一個輔音字母的單詞，應雙寫末尾的輔音字母，再加⑥

-er

work→⑦

working

learn→

learning4.詞尾加⑧

-ing

teacher-er或-orwriter-rrunner-erworking

-ing規(guī)則變化例詞規(guī)律achieve→achievement

agree→⑨

agreement

5.詞尾加⑩

-ment

connect→?

connection

invite→invitation6.詞尾加?

-ion或-ation

arrive→?

arrival

survive→survival7.詞尾去e，加?

-al

act→actress

wait→waitress8.詞尾加-ress不規(guī)則變化decide→decision(綿陽：2020.40)choose→choice

advise→advice9.其他agreement-mentconnection

-ion或-ationarrival

-al三、動詞基本形式變化形式規(guī)律例詞第三人稱單數(shù)serve→servesread→①

reads

1.一般在動詞原形后直接加-sgo→goeswash→②

washes

2.以s，

o，

x，

sh，

ch結(jié)尾的動詞，后加-esfly→fliesstudy→③

studies

3.以輔音字母加y結(jié)尾的動詞，應將y變?yōu)閕，再加-esreadswashesstudies形式規(guī)律例詞過去式與過去分詞work→workedstay→④

stayed

4.一般在動詞原形后直接加-edencourage→encouragedlike→⑤

liked

5.以不發(fā)音的字母e結(jié)尾的動詞后只加-dstudy→studiedcarry→⑥

carried

6.以輔音字母加y結(jié)尾的動詞，應將y變?yōu)閕，再加-edstop→stoppedplan→⑦

planned

7.以重讀閉音節(jié)結(jié)尾且末尾只有一個輔音字母的動詞，雙寫此輔音字母，再加-edstayed

likedcarried

planned

形式規(guī)律例詞現(xiàn)在分詞與動名詞sleep→sleepingwait→⑧

waiting

8.一般在動詞原形后直接加-ingsmile→smilingwrite→⑨

writing

9.以不發(fā)音的字母e結(jié)尾的動詞去e，再加-ingsit→sittingdig→⑩

digging

plan→?

planning

10.以重讀閉音節(jié)結(jié)尾且末尾只有一個輔音字母的動詞，雙寫此輔音字母，再加-ingdie→dyinglie→?

lying

11.少數(shù)以ie結(jié)尾的動詞，變ie為y，再加-ingwaiting

writingdigging

planning

lying對點訓練(2024陜西改編)As

we

all

know，

email

is

a

way

of

sending

messages

to

other

people

through

the

Internet.

It

is

widely

used

1.

in

people’s

daily

lives.

It

is

much

cheaper

and

quicker

than

sending

a

letter.

If

you

want

to

send

emails，

you

should

2.

first

(one)

create

an

email

address

for

yourself.

This

address

is

3.

usually

(usual)

made

up

of

letters

and

dots

(點)

and

the

symbol

“@”

(meaning

“at”).

This

is

what

an

address

looks

like：

Jenny@mail.com.

When

you

email

someone，

type

in

(輸入)

the

email

address

of

the

person

4.

who/whom

you’d

like

to

send

an

email

to，

and

then

send

your

message

on

the

Internet.infirst

usually

who/whomIn

the

past，

people

5.

needed

(need)

stamps，

envelopes

and

went

to

the

post

office

to

send

their

letters.

However，

the

situation

6.

has

changed

(change)

since

people

invented

the

Internet.

And

then

more

and

more

people

are

interested

in

7.

using

(use)

emails.

All

emails

have

8.

the

same

advantages：

quick

and

convenient！Ever

since

the

birth

of

email，

9.

letters

(letter)

that

are

written

and

sent

in

the

traditional

way

have

gotten

a

special

name—snail

mail.

Yet，

with

the

rapid

10.

development

(develop)

of

science

and

technology，

some

other

ways

of

online

communication

have

played

a

more

important

part

than

email.needed

has

changedusing

the

lettersdevelopment近5年中考在單詞填空中連續(xù)考查動詞(宜賓：5年10考)，主要有以下三種考查角度：①首字母(宜賓：5年4考)；②音標(宜賓：2024.61，2023.61)；③漢語提示(宜賓：5年4考)。動詞在單詞填空中的考查對點訓練1.

(2024東營改編)Jenny

has

changed

a

lot，

much

thinner

and

more

hard-working

than

before.2.

I

feel

excited

to

grow

vegetables

on

the

school

farm

tomorrow.3.

It’s

necessary

to

control

yourself

when

you

are

in

anger，

or

you

may

hurt

someone

by

mistake.4.

The

number

of

tigers

is

smaller

than

before，

so

we

must

do

what

we

can

do

to

protect

them.hangedeelontrolrotect5.

We

live

in

the

information

age，

so

we

have

more

chances

and

methods

to

improve

ourselves.6.

Learning

to

cook

healthy

meals

is

important

for

us

to

develop

good

eating

habits.7.

People

often

visit

/?v?z?t/

their

relatives

during

the

Spring

Festival

to

send

best

wishes.8.

When

you

receive

a

message

from

your

friend，

you’d

better

reply

/r??pla?/

to

it

in

time.9.

(2024北京改編)Tina

(去)

to

the

nursing

home

and

worked

as

a

volunteer

last

month.mproveevelopvisitreply

went

10.

We

should

review

(復習)

the

key

points

every

day

instead

of

just

before

the

exam.11.

Students

are

offered

chances

to

show

(展示)

themselves

during

the

art

festival.review

show1.

AAA型原形過去式過去分詞含義cost①

cost

cost花費；需付費cut②

cut

cut砍，剪，切，割fit③

fit/fitted

fit/fitted適合；合身；安裝hurt④

hurt

hurt(使)疼痛；受傷hit⑤

hit

hit(用手或器具)擊；打；碰撞costcostcutcutfit/fittedfit/fittedhurthurthithit附錄：“動詞不規(guī)則變化”自測表原形過去式過去分詞含義let⑥

let

let允許；讓put⑦

put

put放read⑧

read

read讀；閱讀；朗讀set⑨

set

set放，置；使處于spread⑩

spread

spread傳播；展開shut?

shut

shut關閉，關上letletputputreadreadsetsetspreadspreadshutshut2.

AAB型原形過去式過去分詞含義beat?

beat

beaten敲打；擊打；(在比賽中)打敗(某人)3.

ABA型原形過去式過去分詞含義become?

became

become開始變得；變成come?

came

come來；來到run?

ran

run跑；奔beatbeatenbecamebecomecamecomeranrun4.

ABB型(1)在動詞原形后加一個輔音字母-d，-t或-ed構成過去式或過去分詞原形過去式過去分詞含義burn?

burned/burnt

burned/burnt著火；燃燒；燒毀deal?

dealt

dealt處理；發(fā)牌dream?

dreamed/dreamt

dreamed/

dreamt做夢hear?

heard

heard聽見，聽到learn?

learned/learnt

learned/learnt學習，學會mean?

meant

meant意思是；打算；意欲burned/burntburned/burntdealtdealtdreamed/

dreamtdreamed/

dreamtheardheardlearned/learntlearned/learntmeantmeant原形過去式過去分詞含義smell?

smelled/smelt

smelled/smelt發(fā)出……氣味；聞(到)，嗅(到)spell?

spelled/spelt

spelled/spelt用字母拼；拼寫smelled/smeltsmelled/smeltspelled/speltspelled/spelt(2)把動詞原形的最后一個輔音字母“d”改為“t”構成過去式或過去分詞原形過去式過去分詞含義build?

built

built建筑，建造；增強lend?

lent

lent借給，借出；給予send?

sent

sent郵寄；發(fā)送；派遣；打發(fā)；安排去spend?

spent

spent花費(金錢、時間等)；度過builtbuiltlentlentsentsentspentspent(3)原形→-ought→-ought原形過去式過去分詞含義bring?

brought

brought帶來；取來buy?

bought

bought購買，買fight?

fought

fought打架(仗)；戰(zhàn)斗think?

thought

thought想，認為；思考broughtbroughtboughtboughtfoughtfoughtthoughtthought(4)原形→-aught→-aught原形過去式過去分詞含義catch?

caught

caught及時趕上；抓住teach?

taught

taught教；講授caughtcaughttaughttaught(5)變其中一個元音字母原形過去式過去分詞含義dig?

dug

dug掘(地)；鑿(洞)；挖(土)feed?

fed

fed喂養(yǎng)；飼養(yǎng)find?

found

found找到；發(fā)現(xiàn)get?

got

got/gotten去取(或帶來)hang?

hung

hung懸掛；垂下hold?

held

held舉辦；包含dugdugfedfedfoundfoundgotgot/gottenhunghungheldheld原形過去式過去分詞含義lead?

led

led帶路，領路；導致meet?

met

met相逢；遇見；結(jié)識sit?

sat

sat坐stick?

stuck

stuck粘貼，粘住win?

won

won獲勝；贏；贏得ledledmetmetsatsatstuckstuckwonwon(6)原形→-lt/-pt/-ft→-lt/-pt/-ft原形過去式過去分詞含義feel?

felt

felt感受；覺得keep?

kept

kept保持；保留；保存leave?

left

left離開；剩下sleep?

slept

slept睡覺felt

feltkeptkeptleftleftsleptslept(7)其他原形過去式過去分詞含義lay?

laid

laid放置，安放，產(chǎn)(卵)；下(蛋)；擱pay?

paid

paid付費，付酬say

said

said說，講stand

stood

stood忍受；站立；位于understand

understood

understood理解，領會，懂lose

lost

lost失去；丟失；輸?shù)鬺aidlaidpaidpaidsaidsaidstoodstoodunderstoodunderstoodlostlost51525354原形過去式過去分詞含義have

had

had經(jīng)受；有make

made

made使成為；制造；做sell

sold

sold出售；銷售tell

told

told講述；告訴hadhadmademadesoldsoldtoldtold555657585.

ABC型(1)原形→過去式→原形＋(e)n原形過去式過去分詞含義blow

blew

blown吹；刮風draw

drew

drawn繪畫；抽簽drive

drove

driven開車；迫使eat

ate

eaten吃fall

fell

fallen倒塌；掉落blewblowndrewdrawndrovedrivenateeatenfellfallen5960616263