Page232024年合肥市高三第二次教學(xué)質(zhì)量檢測英語（考試時間：120分鐘滿分:150分）注意事項(xiàng)：1.答卷前，務(wù)必將自己的姓名和座位號填寫在答題卡和試卷上。2.回答選擇題時，選出每小題答案后，用鉛筆把答題卡上對應(yīng)題目的答案標(biāo)號涂黑。如需改動，務(wù)必擦凈后再選涂其它答案標(biāo)號，回答非選擇題時，將答案寫在答題卡上，寫在本試卷上無效。3.考試結(jié)束后，將本試卷和答題卡一并交回，第一部分聽力（共兩節(jié)，滿分30分）做題時，先將答案標(biāo)在試卷上，錄音內(nèi)容結(jié)束后，你將有兩分鐘的時間將試卷上的答案轉(zhuǎn)涂到答題卡上第一節(jié)（共5小題：每小題1.5分，滿分7.5分）聽下面5段對話。每段對話后有一個小題，從題中所給的A、B.C三個選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)。聽完每段對話后，你都有10秒鐘的時間來回答有關(guān)小題和閱讀下一小題。每段對話僅讀一遍，1.Whatdoesthemanaskthewomantodo?A.Gethiskeycardtowork.B.Extendhisstay.C.Reschedulehisappointment.2.Whydoesthemancometothewoman?A.Toaskforhelp.B.Tomakearepair.C.Torentanapartment.3.Whereisthewomannow?A.Inheroffice.B.Atherhome.C.Inahospital.4.Whatdoesthewomando?A.Sheisafitnesstrainer.B.Sheisadietaryadviser.C.Sheisalabassistant.5.Whatwillthewomandonext?A.Makeaphonecall.B.Seeherparentsoff.C.Leavethecamp.第二節(jié)（共15小題：每小題1.5分，滿分22.5分）聽下面5段對話或獨(dú)白。每段對話或獨(dú)白后有幾個小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)，聽每段對話或獨(dú)白前，你將有時間閱讀各個小題，每小題5秒鐘：聽完后，各小題將給出5秒鐘的作答時間，每段對話或獨(dú)白讀兩遍。聽第6段材料，回答第6、7題，6.Whatdoweknowabouttheman?A.Hedoesn'tlikethelocalfood.B.Hedoesn'thavemanyfriends.C.Hecan'tfindplacestoshopin.7.Whatdoesthewomansuggestthemandointheend?A.Haveabalanceddiet.B.Buyvegetablesonline.C.Gotothelocalgrocer's.聽第7段材料，回答第8、9題。8.Whatistheminimumrequirementforthepost?A.Previousexperienceinprogramming.B.Beinggoodatdevelopingapplications.C.Auniversitydegreeincomputerengineering.9.Whichofthefollowingisthewoman'sstrength?A.Goodinterpersonalskills.B.Valuableworkexperience.C.Problem-solvingabilities.聽第8段材料，回答第10至13題，10.Whatistheprobablerelationshipbetweenthespeakers?A.Fellowtravelers.B.Colleagues.C.Husbandandwife.11.WhatisBabiGuling?A.Akindoffood.B.Ascenicspot.C.Awatersport.12.Whydoesthemansuggestthewomanbookahotelinadvance?A.Itwillhelphergetagooddeal.B.Itmaywellsatisfyherspecialneeds.C.Itcangiveherabetterchoiceofrooms.13.Whatdoesthewomansayaboutherself?A.Shehasatightbudget.B.Sheishesitanttodecide.C.Shelikesplanningahead.聽第9段材料，回答第14至17題。14.Whatisthewomandoing?A.SheischairingameetingB.Sheisholdingaworkshop.C.Sheisconductinganinterview.15.WhereisMichael'sfamilynow?A.InMontreal.B.InToronto.C.InMilan16.WhatdoesMichaelthinkofhistraining?A.It'sold-fashioned.B.It'stightlyscheduled.C.It'sstrength-based.17.HowdoesMichaelsoundwhenspeakingofhiscareer?A.Curious.B.Regretful.C.Confident.聽第10段材料，回答第18至20題。18.Whoisthespeakertalkingto?A.Collegestudents.B.Newsreporters.C.Jobapplicants.19.Whydidthespeakerdecidetostopplanning?A.ShegainedadmissiontoPekingUniversity.B.Shelandedajobsuccessfullyaftergraduation.C.Shewasawareofthelimitationsofherplanning.20.Whatdoesthespeakermainlytalkabout?A.Hercreativeapproachtosuccess.B.Herreflectiononherexperience.C.Herpracticalsuggestiononlearning.第二部分閱讀（共兩節(jié)，滿分50分）第一節(jié)（共15小題；每小題2.5分。滿分37.5分）閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)。AVolunteeringhaschangedoverthesepastfewyearsandvirtualvolunteeringisheretostay!FindyourperfectremoteopportunitybybecomingaSenseVirtualBuddyingvolunteer.TheRoleofaVirtualBuddy(朋友)Sensematchesvolunteerswithdisabledpeoplewhohavesimilarintereststoensureyou’llhavelotsoffuntogether.Oncematchedwithabuddy,youwillgettoknoweachotherremotelythroughvideocalls,phonecalls,texting,emailsorletters.You’llarrangeweeklysessionsandplanfunthingstodotogether.Youcouldbegaming,doingartsandcrafts,playingmusic,planting-therearesomanypossibilities!Wewillprovideyouwithweeklythemedactivitiestohelptosupportyouinplanningyourinteractionswithyourbuddy.WhatWeCanOfferYouBeforeyoustartyourvolunteeringrole,we’llmakesurethatyou’vehadthetrainingyouneedtofeelconfident.Thiswillbedeliveredonlineandthroughvideocalls.Whileyou’revolunteeringwithusasavirtualbuddy,you’llalsogetawrittenaccountofyourvolunteeringandreferences(ifrequired),reimbursement(報(bào)銷)ofpre-agreedexpenses(upto￡25).andgreatopportunitiestodevelopnewskillsandgettoknownewpeoplewhilemakingarealdifferencetoaperson’slife.WhoWeAreLookingforWeneedvolunteerswhoaregoodatexpressingtheirideasandfeelingsandarepassionateaboutsupportingpeoplewithcomplexdisabilitiestocommunicateandexperiencetheworld.We’realsoalwayslookingforvolunteerswhohaveknowledgeorexperienceofBritishSignLanguage.Youdon’tneedtohavepreviousexperienceofvolunteeringornursingdisabledpeople.Ifyouhaveanyquestionsregardingtheroleorwouldlikesomemoreinformation,pleasecontactthevolunteeringteamatyolunteer@.1.Whatisavirtualbuddysupposedtodo?A.Evaluateweeklythemedactivities.B.Meetthedisabledinpersoneveryweek.C.Matchbuddiesbasedonsimilarinterests.D.Havevirtualinteractionswithamatchedbuddy.2.Whichofthefollowingwillbeofferedtothevolunteers?A.Freein-personjobtraining. B.Awrittenrecordofvolunteering.C.Reimbursementoftravelexpenses. D.Achancetomeetthefounders.3.Whichofthefollowingisthenecessaryqualificationtobeavirtualbuddy?A.Masteringaforeignlanguage. B.Goodknowledgeaboutnursing.C.Beingcommunicativeandhelpful. D.Previousvolunteeringexperience.【答案】1.D2.B3.C【解析】【分析】本文是一篇應(yīng)用文。文章主要介紹的是如何成為一個SenseVirtualBuddying的志愿者，并介紹了作為一名志愿者的職責(zé)、待遇和資格要求。【1題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)TheRoleofaVirtualBuddy(朋友)部分中的“Oncematchedwithabuddy,youwillgettoknoweachotherremotelythroughvideocalls,phonecalls,texting,emailsorletters.You’llarrangeweeklysessionsandplanfunthingstodotogether.Youcouldbegaming,doingartsandcrafts,playingmusic,planting—therearesomanypossibilities!(一旦與朋友配對，你就可以通過視頻通話、電話、短信、電子郵件或信件遠(yuǎn)程認(rèn)識對方。你會安排每周的會議，一起計(jì)劃有趣的事情。你可以玩游戲，做藝術(shù)和手工藝，演奏音樂，種植——有很多的可能性！)”可知，一個虛擬的朋友應(yīng)當(dāng)與配對成功的朋友進(jìn)行虛擬的遠(yuǎn)程互動，故選D項(xiàng)?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)WhatWeCanOfferYou部分中的“Whileyou’revolunteeringwithusasavirtualbuddy,you’llalsogetawrittenaccountofyourvolunteeringandreferences(ifrequired),reimbursement(報(bào)銷)ofpre-agreedexpenses(upto￡25).andgreatopportunitiestodevelopnewskillsandgettoknownewpeoplewhilemakingarealdifferencetoaperson’slife.(當(dāng)你志愿與我們作為一個虛擬的朋友，你也會得到一個書面記述的志愿服務(wù)和參考（如果需要），報(bào)銷提前同意的費(fèi)用（最高25英鎊），和良好的機(jī)會來發(fā)展新技能和了解新的人，同時能真正改變一個人的生活)”可知，一個志愿活動的書面記錄將會被提供給志愿者。故選B項(xiàng)。【3題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)WhoWeAreLookingfor部分中的“Weneedvolunteerswhoaregoodatexpressingtheirideasandfeelingsandarepassionateaboutsupportingpeoplewithcomplexdisabilitiestocommunicateandexperiencetheworld.(我們需要那些善于表達(dá)他們的想法和感受，并熱衷于支持那些患有復(fù)雜殘疾的殘疾人來交流和體驗(yàn)世界的志愿者)”可知，成為虛擬好友的必要條件是志愿者要有良好的溝通能力和樂于助人。故選C項(xiàng)。BWhenIwasateenageboymyparentssignedmeupinalocaljuniorgolfcamp.Fromthatmoment,mylifehasbeenprettymuchdevotedtothegame.WhenIplaygolf,there’salwaysachanceofmakingsomethingmagicalhappen-whetherit’sbreakingapersonalrecordorpotentiallymakingahole-in-one.Thisistheaspectofgolfthatattractedmeingrowingup.However,IhadtotakeabreakbecauseIcouldn’treallyaffordtoplaywhileincollege,sufferingfromburnout.I’dstillgooutonceinawhiletoplaywithfriends,butforthefirsttimesincemyteens,Iwasawayfrommycommunity.Severalyearslater,myenthusiasmforplayinggolfwasinspiredagain.IbecamefamiliarwiththegameagainafterplayingonandoffatLangstonGolfCourse.FromthemomentIarrived.thisplacefeltlikeoneofthecourseswhereIgrewup:Amodestspotwherepeopleofallworking-classbackgroundscametoexperiencethegame,eatlunchorhaveadrink.AplacewheregolferswhoareBlack,brownandwomenarewelcomed.ThesenseofcommunityI’veregainedwiththegameismorethanIcould’veeverimagined.Ilikehikingaround,chasingalittlewhiteballaroundagolfcourse.Ialsolikeconnectingwitholdfriendsandmeetingnewones.SomeI’vebeenplayingwithsincehighschool,andourtextthreadsareloadedwithtrashtalkaboutwho’splayingwellandwhoisn’t.They’reusuallytheonesspurringmetopracticeandgetbetter.Weshareexperiencesonthegolfcoursethatarememorableandhavestoriesfordays:Mycircleonlyseemstobeexpanding,andI’mexcitedtoseewhatthefuturebolds.4.Whywastheauthoronceawayfromhisgolfcommunity?A.Hecouldn’tsparetimetoplaygolf. B.Hedidn’tfeelasenseofachievement.C.Hewantedtomakemorenewfriends D.Hetriedtogetoutofhisparents’control5.WhatdoestheauthorsayaboutLangstonGolfCourse?A.Itcarriedhispastmemories B.ItremindedhimtokeepmodestC.Itofferedhimasenseofbelonging. D.Itwitnessedhisaccomplishments6.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“spurring”inparagraph4mean?A.Hating. B.Warning. C.Forbidding D.Pushing.7.Whatcanbeasuitabletitleforthetext?A.Golf:MyJourneytoGreatness B.Golf:MoreThanaGametoMeC.DiscoveringEnthusiasmforGolf D.PursuingPerfectionThroughGolf【答案】4.A5.C6.D7.B【解析】【導(dǎo)語】這是一篇記敘文。文章主要講述了作者與高爾夫球的深厚情感，不僅僅是將其視為一項(xiàng)運(yùn)動，更是一種生活方式和社交方式?！?題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章第二段“However,IhadtotakeabreakbecauseIcouldn’treallyaffordtoplaywhileincollege,sufferingfromburnout.(然而，我必須暫停一下，因?yàn)槲以诖髮W(xué)期間真的沒有時間打高爾夫，感到疲憊不堪。)”可推知，作者曾經(jīng)離開他的高爾夫社區(qū)是因?yàn)樗椴怀鰰r間去打高爾夫。故選A。【5題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章第三段“FromthemomentIarrived,thisplacefeltlikeoneofthecourseswhereIgrewup:Amodestspotwherepeopleofallworking-classbackgroundscametoexperiencethegame,eatlunchorhaveadrink.AplacewheregolferswhoareBlack,brownandwomenarewelcomed.(從我到達(dá)的那一刻起，這個地方就像是我成長的地方之一：一個樸素的地方，所有工作背景的人都來這里體驗(yàn)游戲，吃午飯或喝一杯。這是一個歡迎黑人、棕色人種和女性高爾夫球手的地方。)”可知，作者認(rèn)為LangstonGolfCourse給了他一種歸屬感。故選C?！?題詳解】詞句猜測題。根據(jù)上文“SomeI’vebeenplayingwithsincehighschool,andourtextthreadsareloadedwithtrashtalkaboutwho’splayingwellandwhoisn’t.(有些人我從高中就開始玩了，我們的短信里充斥著關(guān)于誰打得好，誰打得不好的垃圾言論。)”和下文“Weshareexperiencesonthegolfcoursethatarememorableandhavestoriesfordays:Mycircleonlyseemstobeexpanding,andI’mexcitedtoseewhatthefuturebolds.(我們在高爾夫球場上分享令人難忘的經(jīng)歷，這些經(jīng)歷持續(xù)了好幾天:我的圈子似乎在擴(kuò)大，我很興奮地看到未來會發(fā)生什么。)”可知，他們通常是激勵作者練習(xí)和變得更好的人。由此可知，spur意為“激勵，促進(jìn)”。故選D?！?題詳解】主旨大意題。文章主要講述了作者與高爾夫球的深厚情感，不僅僅是將其視為一項(xiàng)運(yùn)動，更是一種生活方式和社交方式。因此，最適合的標(biāo)題是“Golf:MoreThanaGametoMe(高爾夫：對我來說不僅僅是游戲)”。故選B。CSomelanguagesarerapid-fireandothersmoreunhurriedbutthereisnodifferenceinthespeedatwhichinformationisshared,accordingtothenewresearch.Theworld's7000orsolanguagesdiffergreatlynotonlyintheirrangeofavailablephonemes-theunitsofsoundthatmakeupspeech,butalsointhepaceatwhichthesebuildingblocksarethrowntogetherinspeech.Butthenewresearchintotheinformationcontentinspeechshowsthatlanguagesallowtheirspeakerstocommunicateaboutthesameamountofinformationperseconddespitewidevariationsinthespeedofspeech.Tounderstandthisbetter,researchersledbyChristopheCoupéfromtheUniversityofLyonandYoonOhfromtheUniversityofCanterburystudiedrecordingsof170nativeadultspeakersof17EuropeanandAsianlanguages.Eachspeakerreadasetofstandardizedtextscontainingabout240,000syllables(音節(jié)).Theresearchersfoundthatthefastestlanguagehit9.1syllablespersecond,andtheslowestamere4.3.Butthiswascancelledoutbytheamountofinformation,measuredinbits,thateachsyllablecontained.Thisvariedsignificantlyfrom4.8bitspersyllableforBasqueto8.0bitspersyllableforVietnamese.Thestudyfoundlanguagesthatpackalotofinformationintosoundsandsyllablestendtobespokenmoreslowly,whilethosewithalowinformationdensity(密度)aredeliveredmorerapidly.Whilespeechratandinformationdensityfluctuate(波動)widely,theinformationrate-thespeedatwhichinformationisdelivered-staysconsistentlyaround39.15bitspersecond.Theresearcherssaythisappearstorepresentaoptimal(最佳的)ratforgivingandreceivinginformation.Languagesseemtostablyinhabitanoptimalrangeofinformationrates,awayfromtheextremesthatcanstillbeavailabletoindividualspeakers.Ofcourse,noteverybodyspeaksattheoptimalinformationrate.Weallknowpeoplewhotalktooquicklyorslowly,andthenewresearchmaycastlightonwhywefindlisteningtothemhardwork.8Whathasthenewresearchfoundout?A.Languagestendtoconveyinformationwithsimilarefficiency.B.LanguageshavenearlythesamerangeofavailablephonemesC.Thenumberoflanguageshasgraduallydecreasedtoabout7000.DThespeedofspeechisdeterminedbytheinformationcontent.9.Whatisparagraph3mainlyabout?A.Afurtherexplanationoftheresearchmethods.B.Abriefintroductionoftheresearchprocess.C.Potentialapplicationoftheresearchfindings.D.Supportingevidencefortheresearchresults.10.WhatcanwelearnfromthefindingofChristophe’sstudy?A.MorewordsinspeechconveymoreinformationB.Theinformationrateremainsatareasonablelevel.C.Thespeechratecanaffecttheinformationdensity.D.Languageswithmoresyllablesaredeliveredfaster11.Whatcanbeinferredabouttheoptimalinformationrate?A.Itcanleadtosmoothcommunication. B.ItmayresultinthedifficultyoflisteningC.Itstaysthesameforindividualspeakers. D.Itpreventsspeakersfromgoingtoextremes.【答案】8.A9.B10.B11.A【解析】【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇說明文。文章主要介紹了語言學(xué)領(lǐng)域的最新研究成果，盡管各語言語速各異，但信息傳遞效率卻基本一致?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第二段“Butthenewresearchintotheinformationcontentinspeechshowsthatlanguagesallowtheirspeakerstocommunicateaboutthesameamountofinformationperseconddespitewidevariationsinthespeedofspeech.(但這項(xiàng)關(guān)于言語中信息內(nèi)容的新研究表明，盡管說話速度存在很大差異，各種語言仍使說話者能夠每秒鐘傳達(dá)大致相同的信息量。)”可知，新研究發(fā)現(xiàn)語言傾向于以相似的效率傳遞信息。故選A項(xiàng)?！?題詳解】主旨大意題。根據(jù)文章第三段“Tounderstandthisbetter,researchersledbyChristopheCoupéfromtheUniversityofLyonandYoonOhfromtheUniversityofCanterburystudiedrecordingsof170nativeadultspeakersof17EuropeanandAsianlanguages.Eachspeakerreadasetofstandardizedtextscontainingabout240,000syllables.Theresearchersfoundthatthefastestlanguagehit9.1syllablespersecond,andtheslowestamere4.3.Butthiswascancelledoutbytheamountofinformation,measuredinbits,thateachsyllablecontained.Thisvariedsignificantly.from4.8bitspersyllableforBasqueto8.0bitspersyllableforVietnamese.(為了更好地理解這一點(diǎn)，里昂大學(xué)的ChristopheCoupé和坎特伯雷大學(xué)的YoonOh領(lǐng)導(dǎo)的研究人員研究了170名來自17個歐洲和亞洲語言的母語成年說話者的錄音。每位說話者閱讀了一組標(biāo)準(zhǔn)化文本，其中包含大約24萬個音節(jié)。研究人員發(fā)現(xiàn)，最快的語言每秒達(dá)到9.1個音節(jié)，而最慢的僅為4.3個音節(jié)。但是，每個音節(jié)所包含的信息量(以比特衡量)抵消了這一差異。這一差異顯著，從巴斯克語的每音節(jié)4.8比特到越南語的每音節(jié)8.0比特不等。)”可知，第三段主要講述了研究團(tuán)隊(duì)如何進(jìn)行實(shí)驗(yàn)，包括他們選擇的參與者、實(shí)驗(yàn)材料以及實(shí)驗(yàn)發(fā)現(xiàn)的一些具體數(shù)據(jù)，因此，這一段是對研究過程的簡要介紹。故選B項(xiàng)?！?0題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第四段“Whilespeechratandinformationdensityfluctuate

widely,theinformationrate-thespeedatwhichinformationisdelivered-staysconsistentlyaround39.15bitspersecond.(盡管說話速度和信息密度波動幅度很大，但信息傳輸速度——即信息傳遞的速度——始終保持在每秒約39.15比特的穩(wěn)定水平。)”可知，從Christophe的研究中我們能得知信息率保持在合理水平。故選B項(xiàng)。【11題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章最后一段“Languagesseemtostablyinhabitanoptimalrangeofinformationrates,awayfromtheextremesthatcanstillbeavailabletoindividualspeakers.(語言似乎穩(wěn)定地存在于一個最佳的信息速率范圍內(nèi)，這一范圍避開了個體說話者仍可能使用的極端速率。)”可推知，最優(yōu)信息速率可以避開個體說話者的極端速率，能夠使溝通順暢。故選A項(xiàng)。DOutintheAtlanticOcean,roughly60milesoffthenorthwestcoastofAfrica,lietheCanaryIslands.Inthe1950s,theboominpackagetourismshowedpromiseasanewcashcrop.ButwhiletheCanaryIslandshadthesunshine,warmclimateandeaseofaccessfromEuropeneededforthisnewindustry,theyweremissingavitalelementpicturepostcardsandybeaches.SothedevelopersonTenerifeintheCanaryIslandsconstructedabreakwater(防波堤)overhalfamilelong.Andthen,fromtheWesternSaharaonAfrica’snorthwestcoast,theyshippedin270,000tonsofsand.By1973,theprojectwascomplete.Asanticipated,touristsarrived.Alongtheengineeredbeach,rowsandrowsoftouristsrelaxonbeachchairsunderumbrellasorwalkacrosssoftsandtocooldowninthewater.Unanticipatedwaswhattheirpresencegavetooneoftheworld’smostendangeredfishspecies,angelsharks—visibility.Thegentlewindcreatestinywavesonthewater’ssurface,amagicalcoverforwhatliesbeneath—anangelsharknursery.Femaleangelsharksregularlymigratetotheseideallyshelteredwaterstogivebirthtopups(幼崽),whoremainintheshallowsforaboutayear.Feedingonsmallfishes,theygrowtoaroundthesamelengthasanewbornhumanbaby.SurveyshaveshownthatotherbeachesintheCanaryIslandsarealsopotentialnurserysites.Interestingly,mostofthemhavebeenremadetomakethemmoreattractivetopeople.PlayaChicahasanotherlongsweepofimportedsand.It’sanattractionfordiversaswellasangelsharks,sothenumberofsightingsofmatureangelsharksofthisshorelineisoneofhighestintheislands.Normally,massive,environmentallydisruptiveprojectsarebadforwildlife.Butwhat’sclearisthatafterthebreakwaterwasbuiltandthesandarrived,peoplefollowed,andinthecalm,shallowwaterstheybegantoseebabyangelsharks.Andunlikehowmanyanassociationbetweenhumansandwildlifeends-inconflictanddeadanimals,thistimeitledtoconservation.12.WhydidthedevelopersonTenerifecarryouttheproject?A.Tobuildabaseforshipping. B.Toboostthelocaltourismindustry.C.Tofightagainsttherisingsea. D.Toprotecttheisland’seco-system.13.Whatwasanunexpectedresultoftheproject?A.Itcausedthedisappearanceofsomefishes.B.Itmadeamagicaltouristattraction.C.Itgaveangelsharksahome.D.Itcreatedconflictsbetweensharksandtourists.14.Whatistheauthor’sattitudetowardtheengineeredbeach?A.Favorable. B.Doubtful. C.Unclear. D.Intolerant.15.Whatistheauthor’spurposeinwritingthetext?A.Tohighlightthefinancialbenefitsoftourism.B.Tointroducepotentialhuman-wildlifecoexistence.C.Toexplainthesituationofendangeredspecies.D.Toemphasizetheimportanceofwildlifeconservation.【答案】12.B13.C14.A15.B【解析】【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇說明文。文章主要介紹了加那利群島通過人工造沙海灘吸引旅游的同時，意外地為瀕危物種天使鯊提供了理想的繁殖地，從而促進(jìn)了對該物種的保護(hù)。原本可能對環(huán)境產(chǎn)生負(fù)面影響的人工改造工程，在此案例中卻意外成為了野生動物保護(hù)的契機(jī)，展現(xiàn)了人與自然可以和諧共存的可能性?！?2題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第一段“Inthe1950s,theboominpackagetourismshowedpromiseasanewcashcrop.ButwhiletheCanaryIslandshadthesunshine,warmclimateandeaseofaccessfromEuropeneededforthisnewindustry,theyweremissingavitalelementpicturepostcardsandybeaches.(20世紀(jì)50年代，隨著包價(jià)旅游的興起，為這個地區(qū)帶來了作為新經(jīng)濟(jì)支柱的希望。然而，盡管加那利群島擁有陽光、溫暖的氣候以及從歐洲便捷到達(dá)的條件——這些都是新興旅游業(yè)所需的關(guān)鍵因素，但它們卻缺少了一項(xiàng)構(gòu)成明信片般風(fēng)景的必備元素：綿延的沙灘)”及第二段“SothedevelopersonTenerifeintheCanaryIslandsconstructedabreakwateroverhalfamilelong.(因此，位于加那利群島特內(nèi)里費(fèi)島的開發(fā)者建造了一條長達(dá)半英里的防波堤)”可知，特內(nèi)里費(fèi)的開發(fā)商實(shí)施這個項(xiàng)目以促進(jìn)當(dāng)?shù)芈糜螛I(yè)的發(fā)展。故選B項(xiàng)?！?3題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第三段“Unanticipatedwaswhattheirpresencegavetooneoftheworld’smostendangeredfishspecies,angelsharks—visibility. Thegentlewindcreatestinywavesonthewater’ssurface,amagicalcoverforwhatliesbeneath—anangelsharknursery.Femaleangelsharksregularlymigratetotheseideallyshelteredwaterstogivebirthtopups,whoremainintheshallowsforaboutayear.(未曾預(yù)料的是，他們的到來為世界上最為瀕危的魚類之一——天使鯊，提供了一個被關(guān)注的機(jī)會。輕柔的風(fēng)在水面上掀起了巨浪，為下面的東西提供了一個神奇的掩護(hù)——一個天使鯊?fù)袃核?。雌性天使鯊定期遷徙到這些理想的庇護(hù)水域產(chǎn)下幼崽，幼崽在淺灘上停留約一年)”可知，這個項(xiàng)目給了天使鯊一個家。故選C項(xiàng)?！?4題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章第五段“SurveyshaveshownthatotherbeachesintheCanaryIslandsarealsopotentialnurserysites.Interestingly,mostofthemhavebeenremadetomakethemmoreattractivetopeople.PlayaChicahasanotherlongsweepofimportedsand.It’sanattractionfordiversaswellasangelsharks,sothenumberofsightingsofmatureangelsharksofthisshorelineisoneofhighestintheislands.(調(diào)查顯示，加那利群島上還有其他一些海灘也可能是天使鯊的育幼地點(diǎn)。有趣的是，其中大部分都經(jīng)過了改造，以增加對人們的吸引力。PlayaChica是另一個人工填充沙子的長灘，它不僅吸引潛水者，也是天使鯊的聚集地，因此在這片海岸線上目擊成年天使鯊的數(shù)量在島嶼中是最高的之一)”可知，這個工程使得天使鯊的數(shù)量增加，故作者對工程海灘的態(tài)度是贊成的。故選A項(xiàng)。【15題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章最后一段“Normally,massive,environmentallydisruptiveprojectsarebadforwildlife.Butwhat’sclearisthatafterthebreakwaterwasbuiltandthesandarrived,peoplefollowed,andinthecalm,shallowwaterstheybegantoseebabyangelsharks.Andunlikehowmanyanassociationbetweenhumansandwildlifeends-inconflictanddeadanimals,thistimeitledtoconservation.(通常來說，大規(guī)模且對環(huán)境造成破壞的工程項(xiàng)目對野生動物來說是不利的。但很明顯的是，在防波堤建成和沙子運(yùn)抵之后，人們接踵而至，在平靜而淺的水域中，他們開始發(fā)現(xiàn)天使鯊寶寶。與人類與野生動物之間許多以沖突和動物死亡告終的關(guān)系不同，這次相遇卻促成了保護(hù)行動)”可知，為了發(fā)展旅游業(yè)而進(jìn)行的人工沙灘建設(shè)意外地為瀕危的天使鯊提供了繁殖的場所，促進(jìn)了這一物種的保護(hù)，故作者寫這篇文章的主要目的是介紹人類活動與野生動物之間可能存在的共存情況。故選B項(xiàng)。第二節(jié)（共5小題；每小題2.5分，滿分12.5分）閱讀下面短文，從短文后的選項(xiàng)中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)，選項(xiàng)中有兩項(xiàng)為多余選項(xiàng)Ifyou’veevertriedsomethingbig,thenyou’veprobablyhadtodealwithdoubtatacertainpoint.Nomatterhowoftenyoufaceit,doubtcanbedepressing.___16___Insituationswheredoubtarises,considerthesemethodsbelow,andyoucansilencedoubtandputyourbesteffortstowardyourgoals.·___17___Doingthisstimulatestherewardcenter,trickingyourmindintofocusingoncompletingthetasktoexperiencetheachievement.Andimaginingdesiredoutcomescanhavepotentialbenefitsincludingimprovedmotivationandconfidence.·Lookbackonpastwins.Reflectingisapowerfulwaytotellyourselfthatyou’recapableofdoingmuchmore.Getridofdoubtbyenteringreflectionmodeandremindingyourselfthatyouarecapableofgettingthingsdone.___18___·Meditate(冥想)regularly.___19___Butbymeditatingregularly,youcankeepyourenergylevelshighinthefaceofchallengesandpressureandstayabovedoubt.Itisapowerfultooltokeepyourmindclearaboutyourgoalsandgetyourdesiredmissionaccomplished.·Takeactiononyourplans.Asuresignthatself-doubthasyouinitsgraspisthatyouarebeginningtobuyintotheexcusesyoumake.___20___Takingactionisthemosteffectivemethodtosilencedoubtwhensensingit.Don’tletthedoubtholdyouback;useittomotivateyourself.Thenyou’llbefueledtomovetowardyourmission.A.Visualizesuccess.B.Buildarewardsystem.C.Itisabigchallengetostrengthenyourmotivation.D.Stressandanxietyallowroomforweaknessanddoubt.E.Itcanalsoweakenyourdeterminationtogetthingsdone.F.Thiswillultimatelypreventyoufrombeingabletoaccomplishyourgoals.G.Afterall,thereminderthatyouhaveovercomedoubtisabigconfidenceboost.【答案】16.E17.A18.G19.D20.F【解析】【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇說明文，主要討論了如何處理和克服在追求目標(biāo)過程中出現(xiàn)的懷疑和自我懷疑?！?6題詳解】空前“Nomatterhowoftenyoufaceit,doubtcanbedepressing.(無論你多少次面對它，懷疑都是令人沮喪的。)”說明了懷疑的壞處，空格處也應(yīng)該說懷疑的壞處，E選項(xiàng)“Itcanalsoweakenyourdeterminationtogetthingsdone.(它還會削弱你完成任務(wù)的決心。)”中的it指代的是doubt，補(bǔ)充說明了懷疑的壞處，因此承接上文，符合語境，故選E?！?7題詳解】空格處是本段主題句，由空后“Andimaginingdesiredoutcomescanhavepotentialbenefitsincludingimprovedmotivationandconfidence.(想象理想的結(jié)果可以帶來潛在的好處，包括提高動力和信心。)”可知，本段主要講的是要想象理想的結(jié)果，也就是想象成功，A選項(xiàng)“Visualizesuccess.(想象成功。)”概括了本段主旨，可作為主題句，故選A?！?8題詳解】空前“Reflectingisapowerfulwaytotellyourselfthatyou’recapableofdoingmuchmore.Getridofdoubtbyenteringreflectionmodeandremindingyourselfthatyouarecapableofgettingthingsdone.(反思是一種告訴自己你有能力做得更多的有力方式。通過進(jìn)入反思模式來擺脫懷疑，提醒自己你有能力把事情做好。)”說明了反思的好處，可以提醒你自己有能力把事情做好，空格處應(yīng)該說這樣的提醒的好處，G選項(xiàng)“Afterall,thereminderthatyouhaveovercomedoubtisabigconfidenceboost.(畢竟，提醒自己已經(jīng)克服了懷疑是一個極大的信心提升。)”說明了提醒自己克服了懷疑的好處，因此承接上文，符合語境，故選G?！?9題詳解】空后“Butbymeditatingregularly,youcankeepyourenergylevelshighinthefaceofchallengesandpressureandstayabovedoubt.(但是通過定期冥想，你可以在面對挑戰(zhàn)和壓力時保持精力充沛，并保持懷疑。)”說明冥想可以減輕人的壓力，空格處應(yīng)該提到壓力相關(guān)的內(nèi)容，D選項(xiàng)“Stressandanxietyallowroomforweaknessanddoubt.(壓力和焦慮給軟弱和懷疑留有余地。)”提到了壓力相關(guān)的內(nèi)容，因此引起下文，符合語境，故選D。20題詳解】空前“Asuresignthatself-doubthasyouinitsgraspisthatyouarebeginningtobuyintotheexcusesyoumake.(自我懷疑的一個明顯跡象是，你開始相信自己找的借口。)”說明了自我懷疑的一個明顯跡象是你開始相信自己找的借口，空格處應(yīng)該說這種跡象的壞處，F(xiàn)選項(xiàng)“Thiswillultimatelypreventyoufrombeingabletoaccomplishyourgoals.(這最終會阻止你完成你的目標(biāo)。)”說明了開始相信自己找的借口的壞處，因此承接上文，符合語境，故選F。第三部分語言運(yùn)用（共兩節(jié)，滿分30分）第一節(jié)（共15小題：每小題1分，滿分15分）閱讀下面短文，從短文后各題所給的A、B、C、D四個選項(xiàng)中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)WhenIwas15,mymotherandIimmigratedtoasmalltowninTexas,America.MyEnglishwas____21____evenforsimpleconversations,makingmestrugglebothsociallyand____22____atschool.WelivedbelowthepovertylineandmyAmericanstepfathersubjectedmymotherandmetoalotof____23____,causingmymothertobehospitalizedforseveredepression.NotlongafterIturned18,I____24____oursmallapartment.Inthefollowingmonths,Iwenttothesmalllocal____25____,workingpart-timejobstofundmystudies.AtnightIcouchsurfedatfriends’places.I____26____worriedaboutmynextmealandwhereIwasgoingtospendthenight.Despitegreathardship,Ineverlost____27____,hopingforabrightfuture.Finally,Icould____28____myownlife:WhenIwas19,Imanagedtotransfer(轉(zhuǎn)入)toalargeruniversity,wheremymotherjoinedme.Duringadepartmentsocial,Igottoknowsomethingcalled____29____.Icontactedeveryprofessorinthedepartmentaskingforaresearch____30____untilonetookmeon.Atage20,IwasexcitedtoseethetheoriesIlearnedintheclassroom____31____.Interactingwithgraduatestudentswhoseemedquitesmartandknowledgeableinspiredmyowndesiretopursuea____32____inresearch.Iseizedeveryopportunityto____33____researchexperienceatvariousinstitutionsandinarangeofdisciplines.I’mnow6yearsintomyPh.D.programand____34____whatI’vedone.ReflectingonhowIgothere,I____35____thatadesiretolearnandwillingnesstoputinthenecessaryeffortcanreallymakeadifference.21.A.accurate B.fluent C.insufficient D.unmistakable22.A.athletically B.academically C.professionally D.financially23.A.dignity B.sympathy C.tolerance D.abuse24.A.rentedout B.escapedfrom C.painted D.repaired25.A.college B.market C.club D.company26.A.constantly B.suddenly C.temporarily D.casually27.A.balance B.patience C.interest D.faith28.A.extend B.continue C.control D.imagine29.A.profession B.research C.discipline D.education30.A.position B.budget C.project D.standard31.A.takeplace B.takepower C.cometolife D.comeintobeing32.A.promotion B.story C.strategy D.career33.A.provide B.accumulate C.share D.change34.A.anxiousabout B.guiltyabout C.tiredof D.proudof35.A.appreciate B.doubt C.promise D.swear【答案】21.C22.B23.D24.B25.A26.A27.D28.C29.B30.A31.C32.D33.B34.D35.A【解析】【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇記敘文。主要講述了作者抓住每一個機(jī)會在各種機(jī)構(gòu)和一系列學(xué)科積累研究經(jīng)驗(yàn)，最后獲得了成功?！?1題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：我的英語甚至不足以進(jìn)行簡單的對話，這讓我在學(xué)校的社交和學(xué)業(yè)上都很吃力。A.accurate準(zhǔn)確的；B.fluent流利的；C.insufficient不足的；D.unmistakable不會被