ISOISOISO

50,000>ISO45001:2018 >ISO45001:2018

S IntroductiontotheP04BenefitsofPDCARiskbasedthinking/AnnexSL123467部分：支持8SECTION9:Performance910GetthemostfromyourGetthemostfromyourNextstepsonceHowelsecanweISOOCCUPATIONALHEALTH&SAFETYIMPLEMENTATION ISOOCCUPATIONALHEALTH&SAFETYIMPLEMENTATIONTOTHE

Therisk-basedapproachstandardintroduces9001Quality,ISO14001EnvironmentandISO27001

Oncethepolicyframeworkhasbeenputinplace,assessmentofcomplianceobligations.Thisassuranceandbusinesscontinuity.

ISO45001:2018是一項新的國際標(biāo)準(zhǔn)，它為S)的框架。SL該結(jié)構(gòu)提供了與包括ISO9001質(zhì)量管理、ISO14001環(huán)境管理及ISO27001信息安全管理體系在內(nèi)的其他ISO標(biāo)準(zhǔn)的兼容性。

ISO45001OHSAS18001:2007(initialversionOHSAS18001:1999)isthepredecessortotherecentlyreleasedISOstandardISOitisnotanISOstandard.OvertimeithasbecomeincreasinglyapparentthattoomanyworkersaresufferingfromOHSrelatedillnesses,injuriesanddeaths,placinganunacceptableburdenonpeople,theirfamiliesandwithmoralandwelfarecoststosocietyoverall.

Thiswasrecognisedandhencetheneedtohaveasystematicstructureforthemanagementoftheactivities.ISO45001:2018isanISOstandardandhasbeendesignedtohavegreatercompatibilitywithexistingISOstandardmanagementsystemrevisionsincludingISO9001:2015andISO14001:2015.ItusesthesamemanagementsystemstructureandreflectstherequirementsidentifiedbytheInternationalLabourOrganizationguidanceforOHSsystems.IthasbeendevelopedoveranumberofyearsbyInternationalbodiesandindustryexperts.

OwingtothiscompatibilityISO45001:2018shouldbuildonallthesuccessofOHSAS18001andallowthebenefitstobeenhancedandpotentiallyintegratedinothergenericmanagementsystemstandards.In2021OHSAS18001willbewithdrawnleavingISO45001theprimaryinternationalOHSmanagementsystemstandard.

OHSAS18001:2007（OHSAS18001:1999）是近期發(fā)布的ISO標(biāo)準(zhǔn)ISO45001:2018并非ISO標(biāo)準(zhǔn)。

45001:2018ISOISO9001:2015ISO14001:2015ISO

由于這種兼容性，ISO45001:2018OHSAS180012021年OHSAS18001ISO45001

ISO45001:2018BENEFITSarenotexhaustive.

害。下一節(jié)將概述實施ISO45001帶來的一系列積極效益。這些積極效益并非詳盡無遺。Adoptionofthehigh-levelstructureof‘AnnexSL’enablesorganizationstointegrateISO45001withexistingISO9001QualityandISO14001Environmentalmanagementsystems.Thisapproachhasreducedthecomplexityofmultipleclauserequirementsacrossdifferentstandardsapplications,savingtimeandresources.ThestandardprovidesasystematicapproachforseniorleadershiptoassessOH&Sriskandopportunities,monitorandreviewsafetyperformanceandsetobjectivesforcontinualimprovementwithinthe‘context’oforganizationalactivities.Thismayinclude,forexample,workerhealthpromotioncampaignsorthemonitoringoftheOH&Seffectsofproductsandservicesprovided.Implementationisademonstrationandcommitmentfromseniorleadershiptointernalandexternalstakeholders(interestedparties)oftheintenttoprotectworkersfromaccidentsincludingshortandlongtermillhealtheffects.Ofcourse,thismayin-turnreducedowntime,leadtoreductionorpreventionofworkerlosstimehoursandpotentialprosecution.ThiscommitmentalsoprovidesassurancestotheBoardofDirectors,TrusteesorownersthatmanagementcontrolsregardingOH&Srisksinherentwithintheorganization.Thestandardpromotesworkerparticipationwhenidentifyinghazards,eliminationorreducingriskbyimplementationofcontrolsintegratedwithotherbusinessprocess.Thisapproachcanimprovesafetyculture,minimiseriskandembedbestpracticeresultinginincreasedproductivity.

Inadditiontointernalprocesscontrols,thestandardhasprovidedrequirementstoassessprocurementofproductsandserviceswhichmayhaveinfluencesonOH&S.Forexample,riskbasedstructuredmanagementofcontractors.Suchaprocesscanin-turnprovidecontrolstoreducebothOH&Srisk,promotepositivesafetycultureandprotectbusiness.Thestandardprovidesastructuretomonitorandreviewcomplianceobligationstoensuretheorganizationislegallycompliantincludingproductsandservices.Itisimportantforanorganizationtounderstandwhatitistoachieve,whyitneedstoachieveandifithasachieved–thisshouldbedemonstratedwithinthesystem.BothinternalandexternalauditprogrammesprovidescrutinyandeffectivenessoftheOH&Smanagementsystemincludingprocesses.Theprogrammepromotescommunicationandparticipationofworkerswithidentificationofgapsleadingtocontinuousimprovement.WithanemphasisonworkerstakinganactiveroleinOH&Smatters,thiscanhavepositivebenefitsonanorganization’sreputationasasafeplacetoworkleadingtostaffretention,motivationandgreaterproductivity.Implementationisalsorecognitionforhavingachievedaninternationalstandardbenchmarkwhichmayhavepositiveinfluenceonexistingandpotentialcustomersinfulfillingtheirownsocialresponsibilitycommitments.

SLISO45001ISO9001ISO14001

outcomerefertosection1‘Scope’.

ISO450011 PDCAThePDCAcyclecanbeappliednotonlytomanagementsystemsasawhole,butalsotoeachindividualelementtoprovideanongoingfocusoncontinualimprovement.Atthecoreofeachstageis‘TopManagement’whoarepivotaltoensuretheOH&Ssystemismanagedeffectively.InthecontextofISO45001,refertothefollowingPDCA

ISO45001采用了計劃?實施?檢查?改進(jìn)（PDCA）PDCA在ISO45001的背景下，參考以下PDCA循 UnderstandthecontextoftheorganizationincludingOH&Sriskandopportunities.EstablishOH&Sobjectives,processesandresourcesrequiredtodeliverresultsinaccordancewiththeorganizationsOH&SPolicy. Implementtheprocessesasplannedtoincludingworkerparticipation,hazardidentificationandemergencyUnderstandthecontextoftheorganizationincludingOH&Sriskandopportunities.EstablishOH&Sobjectives,processesandresourcesrequiredtodeliverresultsinaccordancewiththeorganizationsOH&SPolicy.Implementtheprocessesasplannedtoincludingworkerparticipation,hazardidentificationandemergencyMonitor,measureactivitiesandTakeactionstocontinuallyimprovetoincludingfindingsofincidents,addressingnon-conformanceandauditfindings.CONTEXTOFTHECONTEXTCONTEXTOFTHECONTEXTOFTHEINTERNAL&EXTERNALISSUESOFTHEOH&SMSINTERNAL&EXTERNALISSUESOFTHEOH&SMSNEEDSANDOFRELEVANTPARTIES(4.2)NEEDSANDOFRELEVANTPARTIES(4.2)OH&SPolicy

建立符合組織要求的職業(yè)健康安全目標(biāo)、流程和所需資源，以實現(xiàn)預(yù)期成果 Implementtheprocessesasplannedtoincludeworkerparticipation,Implementtheprocessesasplannedtoincludeworkerparticipation,hazardidentificationandemergencyMonitor,measureandevaluateOH&Sactivitiesandprocesses.Takeactionstocontinuallyimprovetoincludingfindingsofincidents,addressingnon-conformanceandauditfindings.ISOOCCUPATIONALHEALTH&SAFETYIMPLEMENTATIONISOOCCUPATIONALHEALTH&SAFETYIMPLEMENTATIONSCOPEOFTHEOH&SMANAGEMENTSYSTEMSUPPORT(7,8)&WORKER SCOPEOFTHEOH&SMANAGEMENTSYSTEMSUPPORT(7,8)&WORKER

ISO45001:2018

RiskBasedThinking(RBT)isacentraltenetofISO45001.RBTrequirestheManagementTeamtocontinuallyassesstheissuesthataffectOH&Saspectsofanorganizationandensurethatappropriatetargets,resourcesandcontrolsareinplace.RBTempowersorganizationstomakedynamicchangestotheirobjectivesandfocus,whilstatthesametimeensuringthatresourcesareinplacetocontrolchangesandunforeseencircumstances.InrelationtoOH&S,risk-basedthinkingextendstoareasoutsideoftheorganizationwhichmayinfluenceForexample,procurementofproductsandservices(includingcontractors)andtheimpactofsuppliedproductsandservices.Theorganizationmustdeterminethemethodologyforrisk-basedthinkingwithconsiderationofcomplianceobligationsandtheparticipationofworkers.Foroperationalaspectsthestandardclearlydefinesthehierarchyofcontrolforhazardidentificationandthereductionofriskswiththeinvolvementofworkers.Thismethodologyrequirestheorganizationtoreducerisksassociatedwithhazardstoareasonablypracticablelevel.Internalauditsaretakenatamomentintimetodetermineifpoliciesandpracticesareeffectiveandachievingtheintendedaim.Theinternalauditisanopportunitytoengagewithworkersandtocaptureatruereflectionofprocesses.Auditsmayidentifypositiveevidenceofconformityincludingcomplianceobligations,howeverthroughinspectionandobservationtheymayidentifyimprovementopportunitiesandnon-complianceinbreachofthemanagementstandard.AuditDevelopinganauditplandoesnothavetobeacomplicatedprocess.Throughriskbasedthinkingaseriesofauditscanbescheduledtofocusareasofhigherriskandtoengagewithidentifiedgroupsofworkers.It’suptotheorganizationtodeterminethefrequencyprovideditisdefined.Inadditiontooperationalaspectstheplanwillcovercoreprocessesincludingcomplianceobligations,managementreviewanddocumentedinformation.

WalkThroughAlessformalapproachmaybeadoptedinadditiontotheauditplanbyconducting‘walkthrough’audits.Thismaybeconductedbyseniorleadershiporatoperationalleveltoinspectareasoftheorganizationtopre-determinedquestions.Thisisafurtheropportunitytoengagewithworkers,promotecommunicationandbuildapositivesafetyculturewithintheorganization.2ndParty-ExternalSecondpartyauditsareusuallyconductedbycustomersororganizationsontheirbehalf,howevertheymaybeconductedbyregulatorstoensuretheorganizationcomplieswithlegalcontactwithworkerspriortocommitmenttoaformalbusinessrelationship.Secondpartyauditsmaybeplanned;however,noticemaynotbeprovidedfromregulatorsemphasisingtherequirementtoensureOH&Sorganizationalrequirements3rdParty-CertificationThirdpartyauditsareconductedbyUKASaccreditedcertificationbodiessuchasNQAincomplianceoftheISO45001OH&Sstandard.Dependingonthenumberofemployees,sites,riskandcomplexityoftheorganization,thecertificationbodywilldeterminethenumberofauditdaysrequiredtocoverthefullscopeofthestandard.Priortocertification,theorganizationmayconsideragapanalysisconductedbyeitherconsultantorcertificationbodytoidentifygapsagainsttheOH&Sstandard.

基于風(fēng)險的思維（RBT）ISO45001RBT管理層持續(xù)評估影響組織職業(yè)健康安全（OH&S）方面的問題，并確保設(shè)立適當(dāng)?shù)哪繕?biāo)、資源和控制措施。RBT使組織能夠動?

??第三方審核由英國皇家認(rèn)可委員會（UKAS）includingworkers,customersandregulatorsthatthereis:AmechanismforregularassessmenttomonitorandimplementcomplianceobligationsRegularassessmenttomonitorandimproveOH&SprocessesIdentificationofhazardsandreduceOH&SRegularreviewandassessmentofOH&SriskandopportunitiesWorkerparticipationinthedecision-makingprocesstoensureasafeworkingenvironment,continuousimprovementandsafetyculture

ISO45001:2018

附錄在引入附錄SL（原稱ISO指南83）之前，實施ISO9001質(zhì)量管理、ISO14001環(huán)境管理和27001信息安全標(biāo)準(zhǔn)的組織在整合管理體系時面臨困難。由于條款結(jié)構(gòu)和定義術(shù)語存在差異，缺乏附錄SL可能導(dǎo)致管理體系間出現(xiàn)潛在斷層，并給資源帶來不必要的負(fù)擔(dān)。隨著包含ISO45001在內(nèi)的SL10coreclauses:NormativeContextofPerformance

Thefirstthreeclausesprovideabackgroundtothestandardwithusefulinformationincludingtermsofdefinition.Therationaleof‘ContextoftheOrganization’(clause4)isthatthesystemfocusesonprocessesandrequirementsneededtoachieveorganizationalpolicyobjectives.Thisisachievedbyunderstandingtheorganizationandthecontextinwhichitoperates.TheClausesetsouttherequirementsfortheorganizationtodefinethe‘Scope’ofthesystem,andthesubsequentplanningofthesystem.Clause5to10arecommontoallmanagementsystemstandards,ISO45001specificallyrelatestooccupationalhealthandsafetyissues.So,whilstthereiscommonality,thereareOH&Sprocessestobeestablished,implementedandmaintainedincludingunderstandingofthepolicyframework,identificationofhazards,managementcontrolofrisksandworkerparticipation.AsuccessfullydeployedAnnexSLenablesanintegratedmanagementsystem(IMS)whichsimultaneouslyhandlestherequirementsofISO45001,ISO9001andISO14001.Typically,thiswouldincludeaharmoniseddocumentedinformation,procurement,auditandmanagementreviewprocesswithoutthenecessityofduplication.

ContextofthetheorganizationanditscontexttheneedsandexpectationsofworkersandotherinterestedthescopeoftheISO45001

and

ActionstoISOobjectivesandplanningtoachievethem

.1

planningand

analysisand

andcorrective

ContextofthetheorganizationanditscontexttheneedsandexpectationsofworkersandotherinterestedthescopeoftheISO

and

ActionstoaddressrisksandISOobjectivesandplanningtoachievethem

.1Operationalplanningand8.2Emergency

analysisand

andcorrective附錄SL10附錄SL10前三條款提供了標(biāo)準(zhǔn)的背景信息，包含定義術(shù)語等實用內(nèi)容。“組織1.范圍2.規(guī)范性引用文件術(shù)語和定義4.組織環(huán)境5導(dǎo)作用678準(zhǔn)備9.績效評價10ISO45001ISO9001ISO14001

7.5DocumentedISO45001:2018職業(yè)健康與安全管理體系實施指 SECTIONitsintendedoutcome.

ISO45001ProvideasafeandhealthyPreventworkrelatedinjuryand/orillProactivelymonitorandimproveOH&SEliminatehazardsandminimiseOH&Srisks(includingsystemTakeadvantageofOH&Sopportunitiesandaddressmanagementsystemnon-conformitiesassociatedwithitsFulfillegalandotherAchieveOH&SIntegrateotheraspectsofhealthandsafetyincludingworkerwellness/Thissectionmakesitclearthatthestandarddoesnotaddressissuessuchasproductsafety,propertydamageorenvironmentalimpactsbeyondtheriskstheypresenttoworkersandotherrelevantinterestedparties.ISOOCCUPATIONALHEALTH&SAFETYIMPLEMENTATION ISOOCCUPATIONALHEALTH&SAFETYIMPLEMENTATION

消除危害并將職業(yè)健康安全風(fēng)險（包括系統(tǒng)缺陷）Thissectionmakesitclearthatthestandarddoesnotaddressissuessuchasproductsafety,propertydamageorenvironmentalimpactsbeyondtheriskstheypresenttoworkersandotherrelevantinterestedparties. SECTION2:

2對“規(guī)范性引用文件”的提及在所有管理體系標(biāo)準(zhǔn)中都很常見，但在ISO45001的情況下，并沒有規(guī)范性Ifapplicabletoastandard,normativereferencesareessentialdocumentsusedfortheapplicationofthedocument.Inotherwords,thereferencedocumentisconsideredessentialfortheapplicationofthereferencedstandard.ISO45001providesabibliographywithfurtherinformationincludingassociatedISOmanagementstandards.

ISO45001ISO SECTION3:TERMSAND‘AnnexA’ofthestandardprovidesusefulclarificationofselectedconceptsinrelationtoOH&Stoavoidmisunderstanding.Conceptsincluding:InterestedDocumentedIftheorganizationrequirestheuseofspecificindustryrelatedtermsandtheirmeaningsrelativetotheOH&Ssystem,thesetermscanbeused,howevertheymuststillconformtotheISO45001document.‘AnnexA’ofthestandardprovidesusefulclarificationofselectedconceptsinrelationtoOH&Stoavoidmisunderstanding.Conceptsincluding:InterestedDocumentedIftheorganizationrequirestheuseofspecificindustryrelatedtermsandtheirmeaningsrelativetotheOH&Ssystem,thesetermscanbeused,howevertheymuststillconformtotheISO45001document.

3ISO助使用者，該標(biāo)準(zhǔn)第3節(jié)提供了明確的定義術(shù)語，以防止錯誤解讀。Itishighlyrecommendedthatpersonsresponsibleforimplementationofthestandardclarifyandhaveaclearunderstandingofwordsdescribedinthissection.Forexample,‘worker’maybeinterpretedwithoutguidanceasanoperatorwhoworksinafactory,wheninrealityaworkercoversmanydifferentoccupationalaspectsincludingagency,contractors,allemployeesincludingTopManagementandexternalproviderstaff.Eachtermislistedinaccordancewiththehierarchyofconceptsreflectingthesequencingoftheintroductionofthestandard.Inadditiontothetermordefinition,notesprovidefurtherinformationandclarity.Ifanelectronicversionofthestandardhasbeenpurchasedthedefinitionsarehyperlinkedtootherdefinitionssothattheirinterrelationshipscanbeseen.

AAAISO45001Inadditiontothetermordefinition,notesprovidefurtherinformationandclarity.

SECTION4:CONTEXTOFTHE

第4部分：組織環(huán)4Understandingthecontextoftheorganizationisusuallyconductedbyseniorleadershipwithinformationaboutthebusinessandactivitiesgatheredateveryleveloftheorganization.DiscussionpointsfocusoninternalandexternalissueswhichhaveanimpactontheOH&Ssystem.Clause4hasfoursub-clausesthateachsetoutanelementofwhatisneededtodefinetheContextoftheOrganization,andtodesigntheOH&Smanagementsystem.

Thesefourrequirementsfollowaanddetermineanyissuesthatcouldaffecttheseaimsbeingachieved.In4.2:Considerationoftheinterestedparties(Stakeholders)includingworkerstotheorganizationandhowtheycanaffecthowtheorganizationoperates.In4.3:SettingthescopeoftheOH&SManagementSystemfromtheinformationdiscussedandconsideredin4.1and4.2In4.4:LayingoutadesignfortheOH&Smanagementsystemandthehigh-levelplanningaroundit

4

4.4OH&SClauseDefinetheorganizationandwhatcanaffectit

Clause4.2Understandtheneedsandexpectationsofworkersand

ClauseScopewhatyouwanttoincludeinthesystem

Clauseofprocesses

ClauseDefinetheorganizationandwhatcanaffectit

4.2

Clause

ClauseUnderstandingoftheorganizationandClause4.1requirestheprovisionofahigh-levelunderstandingofkeyissuesthatcanaffectOH&Sbothpositivelyandnegativelywithintheorganization.Usingthisinformationwillhelpdevelopanunderstandingofinternalandexternalissuesandtheinteractionofactivitiestohelpplananddevelopcontrolswithinthesystem.

Internalandexternalissuesarecircumstances,characteristicsandchangeswhichcanpositivelyornegativelyinfluencetheOH&Smanagementsystem.‘AnnexA’ofthestandardhasbeendevelopedtoprovideexamplesofinternalandexternalissues.Belowaretypicalexamples,howevereachissuewillbefocusedontheindividualorganization:External InternalCultural,social,political,legal,financial,technological, ?Governance,organizationalstructure,rolesandeconomicandnaturalsurroundingsincludingthe environmentinwhichtheorganization ?Policies,objectivesandthestrategiesinplacetoWhothecompetitorsareandany subcontractors,suppliers,partnersand ?Resources(includinghuman),knowledgeandNationalandinternational ?OH&SculturewithintheorganizationandtheIndustrydriversandtrendswhichhaveinfluenceon ?Processfortheintroductionofnewproducts,Theorganizationproductsandservicesandtheirinfluence services,tools,software,premisesandequipmentonoccupationalhealthandsafety ?WorkingconditionsWiththeinformationthatisgatheredduringdiscussionsatalllevelsoftheorganizationtodeterminecontext,itisrecommendedthisinformationisplacedintoareport.Thebenefitofthisisitprovidesacohesiveexplanationandagoodreferencetosupportpresentandfuturebusinessstrategy.(Forreviewofcontextrefertosection9).

ISO45001:2018InterestedpartiesInterestedpartiescanbedocumentedintheformofaFromthecontextinformationgatheredin4.1andunderstandingofneedsandexpectationsofworkersandinterestedpartiesin4.2the‘scope’canbedeveloped.TheScopesetsouttheareasofthebusinessthataregoingtobemanagedintheOH&SManagementSystem.Usually,thiswillincludethekeyprocessesandactivitiesthatanycustomerfacingactivityandpost-deliverywarrantyWhereanorganizationiscomplex,thescopeisusedtoring-fenceonlytheactivitiesorlocationswherethesystemisbeingused.Thiscanbereferredtoas‘boundariesofapplicability’.However,areasofthebusinesscannotbeexcludedfromthescopetoavoidOH&Sprocessesorevadelegalcompliance.WhentheapplicationtoNQAismadetohavethesystemauditedforcertification,itisnecessarytodeclarethescope

astatement.Thiswillensurethattheysendthecorrectauditorwithexperienceinyourindustrysector.Forexample:‘TheManufactureandSalesofUsingthisexample,youcanseethatthemainprocessismanufacturingwhichwillincorporatemanyprocessesincludingworkers,machinery,regulatoryrequirements,externalproviders,customers(endusers)andcompetencewhichwillbeaudited.4.4OH&SmanagementFromtheinformationgatheredin4.1,4.2and4.3thestandardrequiresthedesignandintegrationofprocesseswithinthemanagementsystemtosatisfytherequirementsofISO45001.Thismayincludesuchprocessesasdesignanddevelopment,procurement,marketingandmanufacturing.

4.3確定職業(yè)健康安全管理體系的范theneedsandexpectationstheneedsandexpectationsof‘Interestedparties’isthepreferredtermintroducedbyISOhowevercommonlyreferredtoas‘Stakeholders’.Unlikeothercommonstandardsthisclauseintroducestheterm‘Workers’whichisabroadtermasdescribedinsection3ofthestandard‘Termsanddefinitions’.Thissectionrequiresthedeterminationof,inadditiontoworkers,interestedpartiesthatcaninfluenceOH&Spositivelyandnegatively.Onceithasbeendecidedwhichinterestedpartiesarerelevantandsignificant,theirneedsandexpectationswithintheOH&SmanagementsystemshouldbeRememberwhenconsideringinterestedparties,someneedsandexpectationsaremandatoryandincorporatedintolawandregulatoryrequirementsthereforemustbeHavingdefinedwhoyourInterestedPartiesare,ISO45001requiresthatyoudeterminetheirpotentialandactualeffects.4.2ISO345001NQA

4.4ISO45001

ISO45001:2018職業(yè)健康與安全管理體系實施指 SECTIONfrom‘TopManagement’.Theexpectationonleaderswithinanorganizationisto

5職業(yè)健康安全管理體系成功的關(guān)鍵在于"最高管理層"的領(lǐng)導(dǎo)力和承諾。組織內(nèi)領(lǐng)導(dǎo)者的職責(zé)是成ThissectionprovidesthetoneandexpectationonseniorleadershiptotakeanactivepartintheOH&SsystemandgenerationofapositivehealthandsafetyculturewithintheTakeoverallresponsibilityandaccountabilityforthepreventionofworkrelatedinjury/illhealth,aswellastheprovisionofasafeandhealthyworkenvironmentFacilitatingpositivecultureandcontinualEnsuretheOH&SsystemisintegratedwithinbusinessPromotecommunicationinternallyandexternallyandatalllevels(cascadingfromthetop)Protectworkersfromreprisalwhenreportingincidents,hazards,riskandopportunitiesProvisionandsupportforsafetyForanexternalaudittheexpectationisforseniorleadershiptobeattheheartoftheOH&Smanagementsystemwithacleardemonstrationofunderstandingthesystem.

OH&SAnOH&SPolicyisa‘StatementofIntent’or‘MissionStatement’whichsetsouttheframeworktomanagetheOccupationalHealthandSafetyManagementSystem.TheOH&Spolicyisapprovedbyseniorleadershipandwilldrivethecontrolsthatareinplaceandtheactionsthatarecarriedouttoimproveit.shouldincludecommitmentsto:ProvideaframeworkforsettingProvidesafeandhealthyworkingconditionsforthepreventionofworkrelatedinjuryand/orillhealthEliminatehazardsandreduceOH&SContinualimprovementoftheOH&SConsultationandparticipationofworkersandwheretheyexistworkerrepresentativesFulfilmentoflegalandotherOncetheOH&Spolicyhasbeenapproveditmustbecommunicatedtostakeholdersincludingworkers.Thepolicymustbeavailabletointerestedparties,whichwillincludecustomersandexternalprovidersonrequest.Inaddition,periodicallytheOH&Spolicymustbereviewedbyseniorleadershiptoensureitremainsapplicabletothecontextofyourorganization.

與工人及其代表（如有）customersandexternalprovidersonInaddition,periodicallytheOH&Spolicymustbereviewedbyseniorleadershiptoensureitremainsapplicabletothecontextofyourorganization. Organizationalroles,Thissectionrequirestheorganizationtodefineclearroles,responsibilitiesandauthoritiesthroughouttheorganization.ItisrecognisedthatoverallresponsibilityfortheOH&Smanagementsystemfallsto‘TopManagement’howeverindividualsmusttakeaccountoftheirownhealthandsafetyandthatofothers.Considerdocumentingroles,responsibilitiesandauthoritieswithinhigh-levelandlocalisedorganizationalcharts.Individualpoliciesandworkinstructionsmayalsoincluderesponsibilityandauthorityhowevercompetencemustbeconsidered.ofworkersAkeyfactorforthesuccessofanOH&Ssystemistoensurethereareclearlinesofcommunication,consultationandparticipationofworkerswithsufficientallocationoftimeandresources.ThissectionrequiresthedevelopmentofprocessestoensureinformationthathasanimpactonOH&Siscommunicatedatalllevelsoftheorganization.Thiscanbeachievedinmanydifferentwaysdependingonthescopeandscaleofyourorganization.

processesincludingOH&SissuesSafetycommitteewithworkerrepresentatives(whererequired)Identificationandeliminationofhazards(riskDevelopmentoftrainingToolBoxTalksandpresentations(Thismayincludetrainingtoolsforworkersoutsideofyourorganizationsuchasvisitingcontractors)DevelopmentofSafeSystemsofWorkandWorkCrosscommunicationbetweensiteswithintheNearmissreportingschemeswithfollowupactionsincludingrootcauseanalysisSiteOpendoorpolicytotalktoasafetyorHROH&SsuggestionCommunication–Noticeboards,newsletters,email,blogs,healthpromotioncampaignsOnceaselectionofmethodsofconsultationandparticipationofworkershasbeenchosen,considerdocumentingthemethodologieswithinaprocess.Thiswillenabletheorganizationtoperiodicallychecktheprocesswithinyourauditprogrammetoensureanyidentifiedrequirementshavebeen

設(shè)有工人代表的安全委員會（如需要危險源的識別與消除（風(fēng)險評估公告板、新聞通訊、電子郵件、博客、健康促進(jìn)活I(lǐng)SOOCCUPATIONALHEALTH&SAFETYIMPLEMENTATION ISOOCCUPATIONALHEALTH&SAFETYIMPLEMENTATIONSECTIONsystemwillwork.

6Least peopleworkLeast peoplework Isolatepeople ReplacetheMost Physicallyremovethehazard peoplework people Replacethe PhysicallyremovethehazardMostPlanningoccursatseveralpointsintheframeworkforOH&Smanagementsystem.Inordertosetoutthemanagementsystemplanningisrequiredusinginformationgatheredinclause4.Atvariouspointsintimetherewillbetheneedto‘plan’again;thisincludestheperiodicplanningforachievingobjectivesthataresetandreviewed,andalsointheeventofa‘change’whichcouldarisefromaplannedorunplannedevent.PlantheactionsbasedonriskassessmenttomanagerisksandopportunitiesinthepreventionofundesiredeffectsincludingworkrelatedinjuryorillhealthManageeventsandcontinuallydetermineriskandopportunitiesforbothworkersandtheOH&SsystemEstablishandmanagePlanandmanagechangestothesystemandre-evaluateoncechangehasbeenmadeConsiderrelationshipsandinteractionsbetweenDefineamethodologyforhazardDefinethemethodologyforidentificationandmanagementoflegalandotherrequirementsUnderstandtheknowledgewithintheorganizationtomanageactivitiessafelyHazardidentificationisfundamentalintheplanningprocesstoprioritiseactionstoaddressrisksandopportunities.Usingthe‘HierarchyofControls’(seeillustrationopposite)thestandardrequirestheorganizationtoconductriskassessmentbasedoninternalandexternalactivities.Hazardidentificationwillenabletheorganizationtorecogniseandunderstandhazardsintheworkplace.Itwillalsoallowworkerstoassess,prioritiseandeliminatehazardsortoreduceOH&Srisks.Hazardscanappearinmanydifferentcircumstancesandconditionsincludingphysical,chemical,biological,psychosocial,physiological,mechan