PAGE1-考點二十二新聞時事類A限時12分鐘ArobotcalledBina48hassuccessfullytakenacourseinthephilosophyofloveatNotreDamedeNamurUniversity(NDNU),inCalifornia．AccordingtothecourseinstructorWilliamBarry,associateprofessoratNDNU,Bina48istheworld'sfirstsociallyadvancedrobottocompleteacollegecourse,afeathedescribedas“remarkable”．Therobottookpartinclassdiscussions,gaveapresentationwithastudentpartnerandparticipatedinadebatewithstudentsfromanotherinstitution．Beforebecomingastudent,Bina48appearedasaguestspeakerinBarry'sclassesforseveralyears．OnedaywhenaddressingBarry'sclass,Bina48expressedadesiretogotocollege,whichwasenthusiasticallysupportedbyBarryandhisstudents．RatherthanenrollBina48inhisRobotEthics:PhilosophyofEmergingTechnologiescourse,BarrysuggestedthatBina48shouldtakehiscoursePhilosophyofLoveinstead．“LoveisaconceptBina48doesn'tunderstand，”saidBarry．ThereforethechallengewouldbeforBarryandhisstudentstoteachBina48whatloveis．“Someinterestingthingshappenedintheclass，”saidBarry．“HesaidthathisstudentsthoughtitwouldbestraightforwardtoteachBina48aboutlove,which,afterall,is‘fairlysimple—it'safeeling，’”saidBarry．Buttherealitywasdifferent．“Bina48endeduplearning‘31differentversionsoflove，’”saidBarry,highlightingsomeofthechallengeshumansmayfacewhenworkingartificialintelligenceinfuture．Bina48participatedinclassdiscussionsviaSkypeandalsotookpartinaclassdebateaboutloveandconflictwithstudentsfromWestPoint．Bina48'scontributiontothedebatewasfilmedandpostedonYouTube．ItwasjudgedthatBina48andNDNUclassmateswerethewinnersofthisdebate．Inthenextdecade,BarryhopesBina48mightbecomecomplexenoughtoteachaclass,thoughhesaysheforeseesrobotsbeingusedtobettertheteachingandlearningexperience,ratherthanreplacinginstructorscompletely．1．WhatwasBina48'sperformancelikeinclass?A．Extraordinary．B．Insignificant．C．Farreaching．D．Unattractive．答案：A推理推斷題。依據(jù)其次段中的“Bina48istheworld'sfirstsociallyadvancedrobot．．．inadebatewithstudentsfromanotherinstitution”可知，Bina48在課堂上參加探討，與伙伴一起作報告，參加辯論，其表現(xiàn)被描繪成“卓越的”。因此推斷它的表現(xiàn)是非凡的。故選A。2．Whatdoestheunderlinedword“addressing”inParagraph3probablymean?A．Dealingwith．B．Consultingwith．C．Givingaspeechto．D．Sendingaletterto．答案：C詞義揣測題。依據(jù)第三段第一句“Beforebecomingastudent,Bina48appearedasaguestspeakerinBarry'sclassesforseveralyears．”可知，在做學生之前，Bina48在Barry的課堂上擔當特邀演講人好幾年，因此推斷它常常演講，故畫線詞所在句句意：一天當Bina48在Barry的課堂上演講時，它表達了想要上高校的愿望，Barry和他的學生熱忱地支持它的這個愿望。故畫線詞詞義與C項“作演講”意義相近。故選C。3．Whatcanwelearnfromthepassage?A．ItwasinterestingforBina48tolearnaboutlove．B．ItwasquitetoughforBina48tolearnaboutlove．C．Artificialintelligencemaysomehowbesuperiortoman．D．Humanscanlaunchachallengetoartificialintelligence．答案：C推理推斷題。依據(jù)第四段最終一句“Bina48endeduplearning‘31differentversionsoflove，’saidBarry,highlightingsomeofthechallengeshumansmayfacewhenworkingartificialintelligenceinfuture．”可知，Bina48最終學習了31種不同版本的愛，這突出顯示了人類將來可能會面臨人工智能的挑戰(zhàn)。因此推斷人工智能或許在某種程度上比人類高級。故選C。4．WhatdoesBarrythinkofthefuturedevelopmentofBina48?A．Itwillsurelybeabletoserveasateacher．B．Itwillbeabletopromotelearningandteaching．C．Itwillcompletelytaketheplaceofinstructors．D．Itwillbesmartenoughtocontrolhumanbeings．答案：B推理推斷題。依據(jù)最終一段的內(nèi)容可知，Barry認為將來Bina48可能會變得足夠困難，可以教授課程，他預料機器人將被更好地用于教學和學習，而不是完全取代老師。因此推斷他認為Bina48在將來能夠促進學習和教學。故選B。B限時8分鐘LONDON(Reuters)—Organicfruit,deliveredrighttothedoorstep．ThatiswhatGabrielGoldprefers,andheiswillingtopayforit．Ifthisisnotpossible,the26yearoldcomputertechnicianwillspendtheextramoneyatthesupermarkettobuyorganicfood．“Organicproduceisalwaysbetter，”Goldsaid．“Thefoodisfreeofpesticides(農(nóng)藥),andyouaregenerallysupportingfamilyfarmsinsteadoflargefarms．Andmoreoftenthannot,itislocallygrownandseasonal,soitismoretasty．”Goldisoneofagrowingnumberofshoppersbuyingintothe_organic_trend,_andsupermarketsacrossBritainarecountingonmorelikehimastheygrowtheirorganicfoodbusiness．Buthowmanyshoppersreallyknowwhattheyaregetting,andwhyaretheywillingtopayahigherpricefororganicproduce?MarketresearchshowsthatGoldandotherswhobuyorganicfoodcangenerallygiveclearreasonsfortheirpreferences—buttheirknowledgeoforganicfoodisfarfromcomplete．Forexample,smallamountsofpesticidescanbeusedonorganicproducts．AndaboutthreequartersoforganicfoodinBritainisnotlocalbutimportedtomeetgrowingdemand．“Thedemandfororganicfoodisincreasingbyaboutonethirdeveryyear,soitisaveryfastgrowingmarket，”saidSueFlock,aspecialistinthislineofbusiness．5．MoreandmorepeopleinBritainarebuyingorganicfoodbecause________．A．theyconsiderthefoodfreeofpollutionB．theycangetthefoodanywhereC．theyaregettingricherD．theylikehomegrownfruit答案：A推理推斷題。依據(jù)其次段開頭Gold所說的“Organicproduceisalwaysbetter,．．．seasonal,soitismoretasty．”可知，有機農(nóng)產(chǎn)品總是更好的，這種食物中沒有農(nóng)藥，而Gold代表了現(xiàn)在英國人購買有機農(nóng)產(chǎn)品的趨勢。所以我們能推斷出越來越多的英國人買有機農(nóng)產(chǎn)品是因為他們認為這種農(nóng)產(chǎn)品沒有污染。6．WhatcanweknowaboutmostorganicproducesoldinBritain?A．Itgrowsindoorsallyearround．B．Itisgrownonfamilyfarms．C．ItisproducedoutsideBritain．D．Itisproducedonlargefarms．答案：C細微環(huán)節(jié)理解題。依據(jù)文章其次段倒數(shù)其次句可知，英國市場上銷售的約3/4的有機農(nóng)產(chǎn)品不是在英國本地生產(chǎn)的，故選C。7．Whatisthemeaningoftheunderlinedwords“theorganictrend”inParagraph2?A．Higherpricesoforganicfood．B．Betterqualityoforganicfood．C．Risingmarketoforganicfood．D．Growinginterestinorganicfood．答案：D推理推斷題。依據(jù)其次段第四句中的“Goldisoneofagrowingnumberofshoppersbuyingintothe_organic_trend”中的“agrowingnumberof”可推知，“theorganictrend”的意思是對有機農(nóng)產(chǎn)品越來越深厚的愛好，故選D。C限時7分鐘AmanisinaseriousconditionafterbeingbittenbyasharkinnorthernNSW．The52yearoldEvansHeadman,namedinmediareportsasCraigIson,isundergoingsurgeryaftersufferinginjuriestohislegsandhandswhenthesharkattackedhimataround6amonFriday．DetectiveInspectorCameronLindsaytoldreportersinBallinathequickthinkingofanothersurferandbeachwalkerswhostemmedtheflowofbloodmayhavesavedIson'slife．Twosurfersinitiallyhelpedhim,usingtowelsandtourniquetsuntilemergencyservicesarrivedatthebeach．LindsaysaidIsonspottedthesharkinthewaterandwarnedtheothersurfers．AsthegrouptriedtopaddleawayfromtheanimalitthenattackedIson,hesaid．“Heactuallyfoughtofftheshark,we'retold,andhasmadeittotheshorewiththehelpoftheothersurfers，”hesaid．IsonwasthentransportedtoLismorehospitalinanambulancedrivenbyapoliceofficerasparamedicsfranticallyworkedonhimintheback．Thebeach,southofBallina,isnotpatrolledinwinterandwouldremainclosed,aSurfLifeSavingNSWspokeswomansaid．LocalresidentBartEasdownsaysinthepastweeklocalshavereportedmanysightingsoffourmetreandfivemetresharksnearBallinaandLennoxHead．Buthesaysnothingwillstopsurfers．“I'mnotquitethatbrave,butthey(localsurfers)are,andtheyjustlovedoingit，”MrEasdowntoldreporters．“Themajorityofpeoplesaytheywillbebackinthewaterandthatthereisalwayssomethinglooming．”O(jiān)nSundaybeachesaroundBallinawereclosedaftertwosharkswerespottedoffthecoast,aSurfLifeSavingNSWspokeswomansaid．EarlierthismonthabodyboarderwasmauledbyasharkatBallina'sLighthouseBeach,sufferingseriousinjuriestohislowerlegs．InFebruary,alargegreatwhitesharktorethelegsoff41yearoldsurfer,TadashiNakaharaa,inafatalattackatneighbouringShellyBeach．OnSundayamanwaskilledbyasharkwhiledivingforscallopswithhisdaughternearMariaIsland,offTasmania'seastcoast．8．Itcanbelearnedfromthetextthat________．A．IsonwassenttothenearesthospitalbysurfersB．othersurfershadaneasyescapefromthesharkC．theattackhappenedduringsurfingatnoonD．theshark'sattackleftIsonseriouslyhurt答案：D細微環(huán)節(jié)理解題。依據(jù)第一段第一句可知，艾森遭到鯊魚攻擊后受傷嚴峻。9．AccordingtoBartEasdown,weknowthat________．A．therearereportedsightingsofsharksB．sharksappearinlargenumbersnearBallinaC．localsarebraveenoughtosurfwithsharksD．therearenotenoughguardsnearBallinaandLennoxHead答案：A細微環(huán)節(jié)理解題。依據(jù)倒數(shù)其次段首句可知，在過去的一周里，有鯊魚出沒的報道。10．Whatdoesthelastparagraphmainlytalkabout?A．Whysharksattacked．B．Examplesofrecentattacks．C．Whatcausedsharkstoattack．D．Whendifferentattackshappened．答案：B段落大意題。最終一段列舉了近來鯊魚攻擊人的實例。11．Whatistheauthor'spurposeofwritingthepassage?A．Todescribeseriousdivingaccidents．B．Toremindsurfersofsafetyissues．C．Toreportasurfer'smisfortune．D．Tocallpeople'sattentiontosharks．答案：C推理推斷題。本文是一篇新聞報道，文章主要報道了一位沖浪者被鯊魚攻擊的不幸遭受。D限時7分鐘Lovetosinkintoyourchairsandrelaxwhenyougettoschool?Thenyouwillnotbehappytohearthatschoolsallovertheworldareseriouslyconsideringexchangingtraditionaldesksforoneswithnoseatsatall—Yes,thatmeansyouwillbeencouragedtostandthroughthosealreadytoolongmathandsciencelessons!Whywouldanyoneeventhinkofputtingkidstosuchcruelty?Expertssayitimprovestheirhealthandhelpsfightobesity．Whilethatmayseemalittlefarfetched(牽強的)theofficialsatthefewschoolsaroundtheworldseemtoagree．AmongthemareeducatorsfromtheCollegeStationIndependentSchoolDistrictinTexas,whorecentlycompletedaweeklongexperimentinvolving480studentsacrossthreeelementaryschools．The374kidsthatagreedtoparticipateinthestudywereprovidedadevicethathelpedrecordstepcountandcalorieconsumptionovertheentireperiod．All25teachersinvolvedinthestudyreportedthatstudentsappearedtobemorealertandconcentratebetter,whenallowedtostand．Theonethingthatdidsurprisetheresearcherswasthatyoungerkidsweremorewillingtostaystandingthankidsinhighergrades．Theybelievethismayhavesomethingtodowiththefactthatafteryearsofbeingaskedto“sitstill”，olderkidshaveahardertimeadjustingtothisunexpectedfreedom．Americanschoolsarenottheonlyonesreportingsuccesswithstandupdesks．FourCatholicschoolsinPerth,Australia,whichhavebeentestingthemsinceOctober2013,haveseensimilarresults．InMay2014,GroveHousePrimarySchoolinBradford,WestYorkshire,becameEurope'sfirsttestone,withasevenweektrialthatinvolvedtheuseofdesksmadebyErgotronintheirfifthgradeclassrooms．Whileofficialresultsarenotoutyet,earlyreactionsfrombothteachersandstudents,havebeenextremelyencouraging．Thefindingsofthesestudiesandothersdonepreviously,allseemtomeanthatallowingkidstomovearoundinclassroomsisawinwinforstudentsandteachers—ithelpskidsgethealthierandprovideseducatorswithamoreengagedaudience．12．Accordingtothefirstparagraph,whatmaymakethestudentsatschoolunhappyisthat________．A．theyhavetoexchangedeskswitheachotherB．theyhavetoexchangetraditionaldesksforoneswithnoseatsontheirownC．therearenoseatsforthemtositinclassD．theofficialsshownosympathytothematall答案：C細微環(huán)節(jié)理解題。由第一段其次句中的“schoolsallovertheworldareseriouslyconsideringexchangingtraditionaldesksforoneswithnoseatsatall—Yes,thatmeansyouwillbeencouragedtostandthroughthosealreadytoolongmathandsciencelessons”可知，教室沒有座位，學生們要站著上課，這或許會讓學生們感到不悅。13．Accordingtotheteachers,olderstudentsmaynotlikestandupdesksbecause________．A．theyareclevererthanyoungerstudentsB．theyareeasilytiredofstandinglongC．theyhaveformedthehabitofsittingD．theydobadlyinclasswhilestanding答案：C推理推斷題。依據(jù)第三段尾句可知，年齡較大的孩子們由于多年習慣于坐著上課，所以不喜愛這種站著上課的課桌。14．Whatismostlikelytobetheresultofthesevenweektrial?A．Thestandingdeskscan'tbeusedatall．B．Itisgoodforstudentstousestandupdesks．C．Moretestsshouldbedoneinotherschools．D．Thestudentsaredifferentinpersonality．答案：B推理推斷題。依據(jù)第一段第四句、第三段首句、第四段首句和最終一段內(nèi)容可知，運用這種桌子對學生有好處。15．Whydotheteacherslikethestandingdesks?A．Becausetheeducatorscandrawthestudents'attention．B．Becausetheteacherscankeepthestudentshealthy．C．Becausethestudentscanhaveawalkintheclassroom．D．Becausethestandingdeskscankeepthestudentsconcentrated．答案：D推理推斷題。依據(jù)第三段首句和最終一段中的“ithelpskidsgethealthierandprovideseducatorswithamoreengagedaudience”可知，老師們喜愛這種桌子是因為這使學生們上課更用心、留意力更集中。A限時10分鐘(2024·全國卷Ⅱ)Teensandyoungerchildrenarereadingalotlessforfun,accordingtoaCommonSenseMediareportpublishedMonday．Whilethedeclineoverthepastdecadeissteepforteenreaders,somedatainthereportshowsthatreadingremainsabigpartofmanychildren'slives,andindicateshowparentsmighthelpencouragemorereading．Accordingtothereport'skeyfindings,“theproportion(比例)whosaythey‘hardlyever’readforfunhasgonefrom8percentof13yearoldsand9percentof17yearoldsin1984to22percentand27percentrespectivelytoday．”Thereportdatashowsthatpleasurereadinglevelsforyoungerchildren,ages2－8,remainlargelythesame．Buttheamountoftimespentinreadingeachsessionhasdeclined,fromclosertoanhourormoretoclosertoahalfhourpersession．Whenitcomestotechnologyandreading,thereportdoeslittletocounsel(建議)parentslookingfordataabouttheeffectofereadersandtabletsonreading．Itdoespointoutthatmanyparentsstilllimitelectronicreading,mainlyduetoconcernsaboutincreasedscreentime．Themosthopefuldatasharedinthereportshowsclearevidenceofparentsservingasexamplesandimportantguidesfortheirkidswhenitcomestoreading．Datashowsthatkidsandteenswhodoreadfrequently,comparedtoinfrequentreaders,havemorebooksinthehome,morebookspurchasedforthem,parentswhoreadmoreoften,andparentswhosetasidetimeforthemtoread．Astheendofschoolapproaches,andschoolvacationreadinglistsloom(靠近)ahead,parentsmighttakethischancetostepinandmaketheirownsummerreadinglistandplanafamilytriptothelibraryorbookstore．篇章導讀：本文是一篇說明文。據(jù)本周一CommonSenseMedia公布的報告顯示，青少年和年幼的孩子們現(xiàn)在很少為了樂趣而讀書了。文章從閱讀樂趣、閱讀時長、閱讀方式和父母對孩子閱讀的影響等角度展示了該報告的內(nèi)容。1．WhatistheCommonSenseMediareportprobablyabout?A．Children'sreadinghabits．B．Qualityofchildren'sbooks．C．Children'safterclassactivities．D．Parentchildrelationships．答案：A主旨大意題。由文章第一段并結合整篇文章對孩子們閱讀的樂趣、閱讀時長、閱讀方式和父母對孩子閱讀的影響等的描述可知，報告主要是關于孩子們的閱讀習慣。故選A。2．Wherecanyoufindthedatathatbestsupports“childrenarereadingalotlessforfun”？A．Inparagraph2．B．Inparagraph3．C．Inparagraph4．D．Inparagraph5．答案：B細微環(huán)節(jié)理解題。依據(jù)第三段中的“theproportion(比例)whosaythey‘hardlyever’readforfunhasgonefrom8percentof13yearoldsand9percentof17yearoldsin1984to22percentand27percentrespectivelytoday”可知，很少為樂趣而閱讀的青少年的比例有所上升，其中，13歲的少年從1984年的8%上升到現(xiàn)在的22%,17歲的青年從1984年的9%上升到現(xiàn)在的27%。這些數(shù)據(jù)正好支持了這一發(fā)覺：為樂趣而讀書的人越來越少了。故選B。3．Whydomanyparentslimitelectronicreading?A．Ebooksareofpoorquality．B．Itcouldbeawasteoftime．C．Itmayharmchildren'shealth．D．Ereadersareexpensive．答案：C推理推斷題。依據(jù)倒數(shù)第三段最終一句中的“manyparentsstilllimitelectronicreading,mainlyduetoconcernsaboutincreasedscreentime”可知，很多家長仍舊限制電子閱讀，主要是由于擔憂看電子屏幕的時間越來越多，也就是擔憂會損害孩子們的健康。故選C。4．Howshouldparentsencouragetheirchildrentoreadmore?A．Actasrolemodelsforthem．B．Askthemtowritebookreports．C．Setupreadinggroupsforthem．D．Talkwiththeirreadingclassteachers．答案：A細微環(huán)節(jié)理解題。依據(jù)倒數(shù)其次段第一句“Themosthopefuldatasharedinthereportshowsclearevidenceofparentsservingasexamplesandimportantguidesfortheirkidswhenitcomestoreading．”可知，有明顯的證據(jù)表明，父母為孩子們作榜樣并為孩子們做重要指導能培育孩子的閱讀習慣。也即是說，父母可以通過給孩子們作榜樣來激勵孩子們閱讀。故選A。B限時10分鐘B篇序號與A篇順排⊕(2024·石家莊市重點中學高三畢業(yè)班摸底考試)WhenGitanjaliRaosharedhowshelikes“findingsolutionstorealproblems”，itwashardtoimaginethisdynamicgirlcouldsettleaproblemthathadescapedscientistsforyears．Injustthreemonths,Raocameupwithadevice(裝置)thatcanreplacethecostlyandlengthytestscurrentlyusedtoreliablydetermineleadlevelsinourfreshwater．Inspiredbythecurrentlitigation(訴訟)inFlint,Michigan,acaseofwaterpollutionfrom2014untilpresent,Raodesignedanewtestingsystemthatresultedinherbeingnamed“America'stopyoungscientist”for2024．Raohadbeenfollowingthewaterproblemforabouttwoyears．Shewasamazedbythenumberofpeopleaffectedbyleadpollutioninwaterandwantedtodosomethingtochangethis．Raospentmonthstryingtoconvincelocalhighschoolsandcollegestogiveherlabtimetocontinueherexperiment．Athome,Raoworkedonherprojectinthe“scienceroom”sheaskedherparentstocreateforher．Raohascreatedadevicethatusesthreeparts:acartridge,aBluetoothreaderandanapp．Toputitsimply,thecartridgecontainscarbonnanotubes(納米管)thatreacttolead．ThisreactionisthenregisteredbytheBluetoothreader,whichsendsasignaltoamobileappthatcantellyouimmediatelyifyourwaterissafetodrink．RaoappropriatelynamedthedeviceTethysandishopingtomakealittleimprovementtogetthedeviceonthemarket．Whilewemaynotbeawareofanyleadpollutionpresentinouragingpipelines,leadpoisoningcancausedelaysinphysicalandmentaldevelopment．WithRaobelievingthatthe“purposeofscienceistomakeadifference”，herincredibleinventioncouldmakeadifferencetomillionsofpeopleintheUnitedStates．5．WhatdoweknowaboutRao'sdevice?A．It'scheapandquick．B．It'scheapandinaccurate．C．It'sexpensiveandreliable．D．It'sportableandtimeconsuming．答案：A推理推斷題。依據(jù)其次段第一句“Injustthreemonths,Raocameupwithadevice(裝置)thatcanreplacethecostlyandlengthytestscurrentlyusedtoreliablydetermineleadlevelsinourfreshwater．”可推知，與以前又貴又費時的設備相比，Rao所獨創(chuàng)的設備既便宜又省時，與第三段最終一句“ThisreactionisthenregisteredbytheBluetoothreader,whichsendsasignaltoamobileappthatcantellyouimmediatelyifyourwaterissafetodrink．”相呼應，故選A。6．WhatmadeRaohavetheideaofdesigningthedevice?A．Herparents'suggestions．B．Herdesireforwinningtheaward．C．Herinterestinsettlingrealproblems．D．ThewaterpollutionlitigationinFlint．答案：D細微環(huán)節(jié)理解題。依據(jù)其次段其次句“Inspiredbythecurrentlitigation(訴訟)inFlint,Michigan,acaseofwaterpollutionfrom2014untilpresent,Raodesignedanewtestingsystemthatresultedinherbeingnamed‘America'stopyoungscientist’for2024．”可知，Rao設計測試水中鉛水平的裝置的想法是受一個水污染訴訟的啟發(fā)，故選D。7．Whatdothecarbonnanotubesfunctionas?A．Sendingimmediatesignals．B．Detectingthepresenceoflead．C．Recordingthereactionresults．D．Showingthewaterqualityresults．答案：B推理推斷題。依據(jù)第三段倒數(shù)其次句“Toputitsimply,thecartridgecontainscarbonnanotubes(納米管)thatreacttolead．”可推知，這個碳納米管是可以對鉛起反應的，因此可以檢測出水中是否含有鉛，故選B。8．WhatdoestheauthorthinkofRao'sinvention?A．ItwillleadRaotomakeafortune．B．ItwillhelpmillionsofAmericansdrinksafewater．C．ItwillpromotethedevelopmentofscienceinAmerica．D．Itwillsoonsettletheleadpollutedproblemthoroughly．答案：B推理推斷題。依據(jù)最終一段最終兩句中的“Whilewemaynotbeawareofanyleadpollutionpresentinouragingpipelines,leadpoisoningcancausedelaysinphysicalandmentaldevelopment．”“herincredibleinventioncouldmakeadifferencetomillionsofpeopleintheUnitedStates”和對本段的整體理解可推知，作者認為Rao的獨創(chuàng)可以幫助人們快速檢測出水中是否含有鉛，從而可以大大提高人們飲用水的平安性，意義重大，故選B。C限時8分鐘(2024·天津高考)Thismonth,Germany'stransportminister,AlexanderDobrindt,proposedthefirstsetofrulesforautonomousvehicles(自主駕駛車輛)．Theywoulddefinethedriver'sroleinsuchcarsandgovernhowsuchcarsperformincrasheswherelivesmightbelost．Theproposalattemptstodealwithwhatsomecallthe“deathvalley”ofautonomousvehicles：thegreyareabetweensemiautonomousandfullydriverlesscarsthatcoulddelaythedriverlessfuture．Dobrindtwantsthreethings：thatacaralwayschoosesproperty(財產(chǎn))damageoverpersonalinjury;thatitneverdistinguishesbetweenhumansbasedonageorrace;andthatifahumanremoveshisorherhandsfromthedrivingwheel—tocheckemail,say—thecar'smakerisresponsibleifthereisacrash．“Thechangetotheroadtrafficlawwillpermitfullyautomaticdriving，”saysDobrindt．Itwillputfullydriverlesscarsonanequallegalfootingtohumandrivers,hesays．Whoisresponsiblefortheoperationofsuchvehiclesisnotclearamongcarmakers,consumersandlawyers．“Theliability(法律責任)issueisthebiggestoneofthemall，”saysNatashaMeratattheUniversityofLeeds,UK．AnassumptionbehindUKinsurancefordriverlesscars,introducedearlierthisyear,insiststhatahuman“bewatchfulandmonitoringtheroad”ateverymoment．Butthatisnotwhatmanypeoplehaveinmindwhenthinkingofdriverlesscars．“Whenyousay‘driverlesscars’，peopleexpectdriverlesscars，”Meratsays．“Youknow—nodriver．”Becauseoftheconfusion,Meratthinkssomecarmakerswillwaituntilvehiclescanbefullyautomatedwithouthumanoperation．Driverlesscarsmayendupbeingaformofpublictransportratherthanvehiclesyouown,saysRyanCaloatStanfordUniversity,California．ThatishappeningintheUKandSingapore,wheregovernmentprovideddriverlessvehiclesarebeinglaunched．ThatwouldgodownpoorlyintheUS,however．“Theideathatthegovernmentwouldtakeoverdriverlesscarsandtreatthemasapublicgoodwouldgetabsolutelynowherehere，”saysCalo．9．Whatdoesthephrase“deathvalley”inParagraph2referto?A．Aplacewherecarsoftenbreakdown．B．Acasewherepassingalawisimpossible．C．Anareawherenodrivingispermitted．D．Asituationwheredrivers'roleisnotclear．答案：D詞義揣測題。依據(jù)其次段中的“thegreyareabetweensemiautonomousandfullydriverlesscarsthatcoulddelaythedriverlessfuture”可知，deathvalley指的就是半自主駕駛和完全無人駕駛汽車之間的灰色地帶，即：對司機角色的定義不清晰。故選D。10．TheproposalputforwardbyDobrindtaimsto________．A．stoppeoplefrombreakingtrafficrulesB．helppromotefullyautomaticdrivingC．protectdriversofallagesandracesD．preventseriouspropertydamage答案：B推理推斷題。第一段說Dobrindt提出第一套自主駕駛車輛的規(guī)章，將會定義自主駕駛車輛司機的角色，這個提議就是處理deathvalley這個問題的；第四段說交規(guī)的變更會準許全自動駕駛，而且會將完全無人駕駛汽車和有人駕駛汽車放到一個同等的法律地位上，由此推斷，Dobrindt提出此建議的目的就是推廣全自動駕駛。故選B。11．Whatdoconsumersthinkoftheoperationofdriverlesscars?A．Itshouldgettheattentionofinsurancecompanies．B．Itshouldbethemainconcernoflawmakers．C．Itshouldnotcausedeadlytrafficaccidents．D．Itshouldinvolvenohumanresponsibility．答案：D細微環(huán)節(jié)理解題。依據(jù)第七段最終兩句“Whenyousay‘driverlesscars’，peopleexpectdriverlesscars，”Meratsays．“Youknow—nodriver．”可知，人們認為的無人駕駛汽車，就是沒有司機的汽車，人不參加其中當然也不該涉及人的責任問題。故選D。12．Driverlessvehiclesinpublictransportseenobrightfuturein________．A．SingaporeB．theUKC．theUSD．Germany答案：C細微環(huán)節(jié)理解題。依據(jù)最終一段首句“ThatwouldgodownpoorlyintheUS,however．”可知，無人駕駛汽車作為公共交通方式在美國反響卻很差，即：在美國，無人駕駛汽車在公共運輸領域看不到光明的前景，因此選C。13．Whatcouldbethebesttitleforthepassage?A．AutonomousDriving：WhoseLiability?B．FullyAutomaticCars：ANewBreakthroughC．AutonomousVehicles：DriverRemoved!D．DriverlessCars：RootofRoadAccidents答案：A標題推斷題。全文由德國交通部部長的提議引出話題，圍繞自主駕駛車輛的發(fā)展進行了探討，主要是從立法角度探討了責任歸屬問題，而弄清晰這一問題有助于無人駕駛車輛將來的發(fā)展。故選A。D限時10分鐘(2024·全國卷Ⅰ)Someoftheworld'smostfamousmusiciansrecentlygatheredinParisandNewOrleanstocelebratethefirstannualInternationalJazzDay．UNESCO(UnitedNationsEducational,ScientificandCulturalOrganization)recentlysetApril30asadaytoraiseawarenessofjazzmusic,itssignificance,anditspotentialasaunifying(聯(lián)合)voiceacrosscultures．Despitethecelebrations,though,intheUSthejazzaudiencecontinuestoshrinkandgrowolder,andthemusichasfailedtoconnectwithyoungergenerations．It'sJasonMoran'sjobtohelpchangethat．AstheKennedyCenter'sartisticadviserforjazz,Moranhopestowidentheaudienceforjazz,makethemusicmoreaccessible,andpreserveitshistoryandculture．“Jazzseemslikeit'snotreallyapartoftheAmericanappetite，”MorantellsNationalPublicRadio'sreporterNealConan．“WhatI'mhopingtoaccomplishisthatmygenerationandyoungerstarttoreconsiderandunderstandthatjazzisnotblackandwhiteanymore．It'sactuallycolor,andit'sactuallydigital．”Moransaysoneoftheproblemswithjazztodayisthattheentertainmentaspectofthemusichasbeenlost．“Themusiccan'tbepresentedtodaythewayitwasin1908or1958．Ithastocontinuetomove,becausethewaytheworldworksisnotthesame，”saysMoran．Lastyear,MoranworkedonaprojectthatarrangedFatsWaller'smusicforadanceparty,“justtokindofputitbackinthemindthatWallerisdancemusicasmuchasitisconcertmusic，”saysMoran．“Forme,it'stherecontextualization．Inmusic,wheredoestheemotion(情感)lie？Arewe,ashumans,gaininganyinsight(感悟)onhowtotalkaboutourselvesandhowsomethingasabstractasaCharlieParkerrecordgetsusintoadialogueaboutouremotionsandourthoughts？Sometimeswelosesightthatthemusichasawidercontext，”saysMoran,“soIwanttocontinuethosedialogues．ThosearethethingsIwanttofoster．”14．WhydidUNESCOsetApril30asInternationalJazzDay?A．Torememberthebirthofjazz．B．Toprotectculturaldiversity．C．Toencouragepeopletostudymusic．D．Torecognizethevalueofjazz．答案：D細微環(huán)節(jié)理解題。依據(jù)第一段最終一句中的“．．．toraiseawarenessofjazzmusic,itssignificance,anditspotentialasaunifying(聯(lián)合)voiceacrosscultures”可知，設立國際爵士樂日是為了提高人們對爵士樂價值的相識。故選D。15．Whatdoestheunderlinedword“that”inParagraph3referto?A．Jazzbecomingmoreaccessible．B．Theproductionofjazzgrowingfaster．C．Jazzbeinglesspopularwiththeyoung．D．Thejazzaudiencebecominglarger．答案：C指代推斷題。其次段提到在美國爵士樂的聽眾數(shù)量正在削減，爵士樂未能受到年輕一代的歡迎，第三段首句提到JasonMoran的工作就是要幫助變更這一現(xiàn)象，由此可知that指代“爵士樂不受年輕人歡迎”這一現(xiàn)象。故選C。16．WhatcanweinferaboutMoran'sopiniononjazz?A．Itwilldisappeargradually．B．Itremainsblackandwhite．C．Itshouldkeepupwiththetimes．D．Itchangesevery50years．答案：C推理推斷題。依據(jù)倒數(shù)其次段中JasonMoran的話可知，他認為世界的運作方式跟以前不一樣了，爵士樂也應當跟上時代的步伐。故選C。17．Whichofthefollowingcanbethebesttitleforthetext?A．ExploringtheFutureofJazzB．TheRiseandFallofJazzC．TheStoryofaJazzMusicianD．CelebratingtheJazzDay答案：A標題推斷題。文章介紹了國際爵士樂日的設立，探討了爵士樂現(xiàn)在面臨的問題，并對其將來的發(fā)展進行了探究，故A項“探究爵士樂的將來”作為標題最合適。E限時10分鐘⊕(2024·廣東省惠州市高三第一次調(diào)研考試)ChinawillgivethegreenlighttoInternetmedicalservicesconductedbymedicalinstitutionsaspartofabroaderpushtopromoteInternetPlusHealthcare,whichwasdecidedataStateCouncilexecutivemeetingheldbyPremierLiKeq