2023年湖南省高三聯(lián)考試題

英語(yǔ)

第一部分聽力（共兩節(jié)，滿分30分）

做題時(shí)，先將答案標(biāo)在試卷上。錄音內(nèi)容結(jié)束后，你將有兩分鐘的時(shí)間將試卷上的答案轉(zhuǎn)涂

到答題卡上。

第一節(jié)（共5小題海小題1.5分，滿分7.5分）

聽下面5段對(duì)話。每段對(duì)話后有一個(gè)小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選

項(xiàng)。聽完每段對(duì)話后，你都有10秒鐘的時(shí)間來(lái)回答有關(guān)小題和閱讀下一小題。每段對(duì)話僅

讀一遍。

例：Howmuchistheshirt?

A.￡I9.15.B.￡9.18.C.￡9.15.

答案是C。

1.Wheredidthemanusetolive?

A.Inanapartment.B.Inaparkhouse.C.lnthedormitory.

2.Whatdoestheladywanttohave?

A.Coffeeandmilk.

B.Orangejuiceandbread.

C.Coffeeandbread.

3.Howlongdoesittakethemantodrivehomeafter5p.m.?

A.35minutes.B.20minutes.C.15minutes.

4.Whatdoesthewomansuggestdoingthismorning?

A.Goingtoamall.

B.Havingameeting.

C.Cancelingameeting.

5.Whatdoesthemanmean?

A.Thewomandoesn'tliketoworkatall.

B.Thecomputerhasdefinitelybrokendown.

C.Hehadexperienceinrepairingcomputers.

第二節(jié)（共15小題海小題1.5分，滿分22.5分）

聽下面5段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白，每段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白后有幾個(gè)小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個(gè)選項(xiàng)

中選出最佳選項(xiàng)，并標(biāo)在試卷的相應(yīng)位置。聽每段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白前，你將有時(shí)間閱讀各個(gè)小

題，每小題5秒鐘;聽完后，每小題將給出5秒鐘的作答時(shí)間。每段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白讀兩遍。

聽第6段材料，回答第6、7題。

6.Whatdoesthemanwanttodo?

A.Goboating.B.Takepictures.C.WatchHuangmeixi.

7.Howwillthespeakersprobablygoonatrip?

A.Byplane.B.Bycar.C.Bybike.

聽第7段材料，回答第8至10題。

8.Howoftendoesthemanworkout?

A.Twiceaday.B.Twiceaweek.C.Twiceamonth.

9.Whatdoesthemanplantodo?

A.Haveacompetition.

B.Keeponexercising.

C.Losesomeweight.

10.Whatwouldthewomanprobablydo?

A.Gotothegymwiththeman.

B.Gototheofficewiththeman.

C.Takeawalkwiththeman.

聽第8段材料，回答第11至13題。

11.Wherearethespeakersnow?

A.AtSam'shome.

BInthesupermarket.

C.Intheparkinglot.

12.Whydoesn'tthewomanbuytheboysnacksashelikes?

A.Shethinkstheyarcunhealthy.

B.Shethinkstheyareexpensive.

C.Shcthinkstheyarcnotfresh.

13.Whichapplesareorganic?

A.Galaapples.B.Fujiapples.C.GoldcnDeliciousapples.

聽第9段材料，回答第14至17題。

14.Howdoesthewomanfeelaboutthemagictrick?

A.Uninterested.B.Amazed.C.Normal

15.Inwhatconditiondoesthespoonturnintliquidaccordingtotheman?

A.Atanormaltemperature.

B.Atalowtemperature.

C.Alahightemperature.

16.Howwouldthewomanprobablygetgallium?

A.Bybuyingsomegalliumonherwon.

B.Bygettingsomeleftgalliumfromtheman.

C.Byaskingfbrsomegalliumfromihemagician.

17.Whatarethespeakersmainlydiscussingabout?

A.Akindofmagicmetal.

B.Awayofmakingspoons.

C.Thesecretofthemagician.

聽第10段材料，回答第18至20題。

18.Whatdidtheauthordotoappealtothestudents?

A.Sheshotsomevideos.

B.Shegaveperformances.

C.Sheusedextramaterials.

19.Howdidthestudentslike（heclass?

A.Ilwasdifficult.B.Itwasboring.C.Itwasinteresting.

20.Whatdidtheauthorthankfor?

A.Herenergeticstudents.

B.Theteachingmaterial.

C.Thestudents5applause.

第二部分閱讀（共兩節(jié)，滿分50分）

第一節(jié)（共15小題;每小題2.5分，滿分37.5分）

閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)。

A

Haven'tappreciatedartfbralongtime?Don'tworry,NationalCentrefbrthePerformingArts（NCPA）has

arrangedsomethingreallyamazingforyou.Let'scheckwhat'son!

FlowerRainontheSilkRoad

Place:OperaHouse

Time:January23-27,19:00-20:30

Price:￥60-880(clickhereforspecificpricefordifferentseats)

About:AclassicalChinesedancedramawhichistocelebrateChina-foreignfriendshipthatcarriesforwardthe

SilkRoadspiritoffriendlycommercialinter-actionandwin-wincooperation.

TheUnicornPurse

Place:MainTheatre

Time:January23,19:30-20:30

Price:￥160-600(clickhereforspecificpricefordifferentscats)

About:Jingju,orBeijingOpera;aninterestingstoryabouthowamannamedYangYanzhaosaves(he

princessandmarriesherinLiaoDynasty.

MinimalistCreation

Place:Multi-functionalTheatre

Time:January25-27,14:30-15:30,19:30-20:30

Price:￥328

About:Magicperformanceswiththeunexpectedcombinationssuchas,aplasticbag.aplasticpipe,andother

commonitemsindailylife,whichwillmakechildrenhaveaperiodofwarmandfuntime.

NewYear'sConcertofBeijing

Place:ConcertHall

Time:Januaiy26-27,19:30-21:10

Price:￥1(X)-600(clickhereforspecificpricefordifferentseats)

About:Altogether20piecesofmasterpieces,conductedbyLiBowei.

Kindlyreminder

Exceptfbrsomechildren'splays,it'snotallowedfbrchildrenwithheightof120cmorundertoenterthe

concerthall.

Boxoffice

NorthGateofNC?PA,No.2WestChang'anAvenue,XichengDistrict,

Beijing,P.R.China

Ticketscollectionhours

9:30-19:30onperformanceday

9:30-18:00fordayswithoutperformance

Bookingline

+861066550000

Bookinghours

9:30-18:00(CST)MondaytoFriday

SeatingChart

Wemakeeveryefforttoensuretheaccuracyoftheinformation.However,thehours,prices,andprogram

detailsmayvaryduetolastminutechanges.

1.Whichoneisthemostsuitableforafamilywithkids?

A.FlowerRainontheSilkRoadB.TheUnicomPurse.

C.MinimalistCreation.D.BeijingWindOrchestra.

2.Howmuchdoyouhavetopayalleasttoenjoypuremusic?

A.￥60.B.￥10().C.￥160.D.￥328.

3.Whichinformationwillnotchangebeforethebeginningofaplay?

A.Contactways.B.Lastinghours.

C.Ticketprices.D.Programdetails.

【答案】l.C2.B3.A

【解析】

【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】這是一篇應(yīng)用文，介紹了國(guó)家大劇院一月上演節(jié)目的簡(jiǎn)況以及訂票信息。

【I題詳解】

細(xì)節(jié)理解題。文章MinimalistCreation講到“whichwillmakechklrenhaveaperiodofwarmandfuntime(這

將使孩子們有一段溫暖而有趣的時(shí)間)”以及Kindlyreminder中44Exceptforsomechildren'splays,it'snot

allcwedtorchildrenwithheightof120cmorundertoentertheconcerthall(除了一些兒童戲居i],身高120厘米或

以下的兒童不允許進(jìn)入音樂廳)”可知，只有MinimalistCreation最適合有孩子的家庭觀看，故選C。

【2題詳解】

細(xì)節(jié)理解題。文章NewYear'sConcertofBeijing講到"Price:￥10()-600(價(jià)格：100-600元)”可知，要欣賞

純音樂，只能去北京新年音樂會(huì)，票價(jià)在100?600元之間，最低票價(jià)為100元，故選B。

【3題詳解】

細(xì)節(jié)理解題。文章SeatingChart講至jl“Wemakeeveryefforttoensuretheaccuracyoftheinformation.However,

thehours,prices,andprogramdetailsmayvaryduetolastminutechanges.(我們盡一切努力確保信息的準(zhǔn)確性。

但是，由于最后一分鐘的更改，時(shí)間、價(jià)格和節(jié)FI細(xì)節(jié)可能會(huì)有所不同。)”可知，信息在戲劇開始前不會(huì)

改變的是聯(lián)系方式，故選A。

B

Learninghowtodosimplehandworkisagreatwayforgirlstocombinepracticalskillsandcreativity.With

schoolsandeducatorsalwaystryingtoencouragemoregirlstotakeupSTEMsubjects(science,technology,

engineeringandmaths)inhighschoolandbeyond,thiscouldbe(hestartofsomethingspecial.

“MydaughteralwaysaskstohelpmewhenIgetsomethingfromIKEAthatneedsputtingtogether/'says

Emma."Normally,Idon'ttrusthertodomuchmorethanturningtheAllenkeyafewtimes,butrecentlyIbought

twechairsandthought:Whynotletthemhaveago?MydaughterRubydidoneonherownandwasreallycareful

andexpertinit.Itamazedmethatshedidabetterjobthanme.^^

Ifparentsstillaren'tconvincedthatlettingtheirdaughtersloosewiththefamilypowertoolsisagoodidea.

justrememberhowmuch(helocalworkerchargesforaquickDIYjob.Thisfunhobbymightsavethefamilyafew

dollars,orevenbroadentheirdaughzer'svisionstoabuilding,engineering-basedcareerorstudypathfurtherdown

theline.

“WhenIfirstusedasaw(鋸子)，IwasprettysureI'dcutmyfingerofforsomething,butourteacher

explainedeverythingweneededtoknowandIstar-tedoffslowly,“explainsAmelia,a12-year-oldgirl.

“「vcnearlyfinishedmakingmybreadboardandI'vebroughtsomeoff^cutshomebecauseIwanttotryand

turnthemintosomethingusingtoolsfrommygrandpa'scollection.Ilovebuilding.It'screativeandchallenging

andreallysatisfyingwhenitworks!”Ameliaadds."I'mgoingtobuildabirdfeederfbrourgardennext.Ijustneed

toaskMumandDadifIcanborrowadrillandsomenails.”

Hopefullythey'llsayyes.Afterall,Ameliamightendupbuildingthemafamilyhouseinafewyears.

4.HowdidRubyperformwhenpullingthechairtogether?

A.Lesscarefullythanusual.B.Asskillfullyasanexpert.

C.Beyondmom'sexpectation.D.Nobetterthanhermom.

5.WhatwillhappenifagirlknowshowtodoaDIYjob?

A.Thelocalworkerwillchargeherlessmoney.B.Shewillmakeafewdollarsforthefamily.

C.Itwillpreventherfromgettingalotoffun.D.ItwillimproveherSTEM-relatedability.

6.WhatwillAmeliadowithparents,permission?

A.Makeabreadboard.B.Bringoff-cutshome.

C.Buildafamilyhouse.D.Makeabirdfeeder.

7.What'sthemainideaofthetext?

A.Parentsoughttodohandworkwiththeirkids.B.Girlsshouldbegivenchancestodohandwork.

C.Girlssharetheirstoriesaboutdoinghandwork.D.Kidsarebeneficialfromdoingsomehandwork.

【答案】4.C5.D6.D7.B

【解析】

【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】這是一篇夾敘夾議文。本文通過(guò)兩位女孩實(shí)踐經(jīng)歷和一位女孩母親的反饋，論述了給女孩更多

手工勞動(dòng)實(shí)踐的機(jī)會(huì)的重要性。

【4題詳解】

細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段MMydaughterRubydidoneonherownandwasreallycarefulandexpeninit.It

amazedmethatshedidabetterjobihanme.（我的女兒Ruby自己做了一個(gè)，她真的很仔細(xì)，而且是專家。她

的工作做得比我好，這使我感到驚訝）”可知，Ruby的表現(xiàn)很棒，比媽媽都做得好，超出了媽媽的預(yù)期，

故選C項(xiàng)。

【5題詳解】

推理判斷題。根據(jù)第三段“Thisfunhobbymightsavethefamilyafewdollars,orevenbroadentheirdaughter's

visionstoabuilding,engineering-basedcareerorstudypathfurtherdowntheline.（這個(gè)有趣的愛好可能會(huì)為家人

節(jié)省幾美元，甚至可以開闊女兒的視野，讓她從事建筑、工程類的職業(yè)，或進(jìn)一步學(xué)習(xí)）”和第一段對(duì)

STEM的解釋，可知給女孩機(jī)會(huì)做手工可以拓寬女孩在建筑、工程方面的視野，有利于她們繼續(xù)這方面的

學(xué)習(xí)，提高她們STEM相關(guān)的能力，故選D項(xiàng)。

【6題詳解】

細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第五段"I'mgoingtobuildabirdfeederforourgardennext.IjustneedtoaskMumandDad

ifIcanborrowadrillandsomenails.（接卜,來(lái)我要為我們的花園建一個(gè)喂鳥器。我只是想問(wèn)問(wèn)爸爸媽媽能不能

借我一把鉆和一些釘子）”可知，她要在征求父母同意后做一個(gè)喂鳥器，故選D項(xiàng)。

。題詳解】

主旨大意題。根據(jù)第一段“Learninghowtodosimplehandworkisagreatwayforgirlstocombinepractical

skillsandcreativity.WithschoolsandeducatorsalwaystryingtoencouragemoregirlstotakeupSTEMsubjects

（science,technology,engineeringandmaths）inhighschoolandbeyond,thiscouldbethestartofsomething

special.（學(xué)習(xí)如何做簡(jiǎn)單的手工是女孩將實(shí)用技能和創(chuàng)造力結(jié)合起來(lái)的好方法。學(xué)校和教育工作者總是試圖

鼓勵(lì)更多的女孩在高中及以后學(xué)習(xí)STEM科目（科學(xué)、技術(shù)、工程和數(shù)學(xué)），這可能是一曲特別的事情的

開始)”可知，第一段提到手工實(shí)踐對(duì)女孩來(lái)說(shuō)是一項(xiàng)提高她們STEM能力的好方法，后文也都在通過(guò)兩

位女孩的實(shí)踐經(jīng)歷和一位女孩母親的反饋，論述了給女孩更多手工勞動(dòng)實(shí)踐的機(jī)會(huì)的重要性。因此可知文

章大意是在論述應(yīng)該給女孩更多手工勞動(dòng)實(shí)踐的機(jī)會(huì)。故選B項(xiàng)。

C

Doyoueverfeelguiltyfbrrelaxing,evenafteryou'veworkedhardallday?Doyoufeellikeyoushouldbe

doingmoredespiteworkingfullhoursandnearingburnout?Youmaybeexperiencingproductivitydysmorphia(生

產(chǎn)力畸形).hisawaytodescribethefeelingoffailingtorecognizeyouraccomplishmentsandwantingtocontinue

doingmore,evenwhenyou'rerunningonfumes.

AuthorAnnaCodrea-Radowhowroteanarticleaboutproductivitydysmorphiaclaimed“itisthepursuitof

productivitythatdrivesustodomorewhilerobbingusoftheabilityloenjoyanysuccesswemightencounter

alongtheway”.

Highlycompetitiveandjob-ledculturecontributetoconstantlypursuingproductivitythateatsawayatother

areasoflife.Infact,you'reoftenpraisedforputtingproductivityaboveyourwell-being.Rememberliowschools

rewardedperfectattendance?Similarly,companiespreferemployeeswhoget(hemaxi-mumworkdonewhile

takingthefewestpossiblebreaks.Rewardslikethesehavestrengthenedthatrestisbadandthatbeingconstantlyat

workistherightthingtodo.

Plus,theproblemisn'tthatthebosstellsthemtodoit,butratherthattheyinternalizetheneedtoalwaysbe

productiveevenwhenthey'regoingsome-wheretoenjoyleisuretime.Habitslikethesemaybebomoutofthe

socialpressuretofindself-worthinworkachievements.

Somewritershaveevenbegundescribingrestasproductive,as:fpeopleshouldstoprelaxingifitdoesn't

improveperformanceinsonicway.Notonlydocsthismindsetmakeitdifficulttoviewandcelebrateyour

achievements,butitalsopushesyoutobuildyourentirelifearoundwork.Theonlymilestonesthatmatterare

achievingworkgoals.Theworstpart?There'snosenseoffulfillmentwhenyoureachthesegoals.

8.Whatdotheunderlinedwords"runningonfumes5'meaninParagraph1?

A.Tired.B.Excited.C.Satisfied.D.Disappointed.

9.Whichisthereasonfbrconstantlypursuingproductivity?

A.Minorcompetitiveness.B.Pressurefromjobs.

C.Instructionsfromtheboss.D.Internalizedneeds.

1().Whichmaybeanexampleofproductivitydysmorphia?

A.Amancompletesworkinworkinghours.B.Amanenjoysleisuretimewithhisfamily.

C.Awomanworkseverywhereatanytime.D.Awomanstopsforarelaxationregularly.

11.Whatistheauthor'sattitudetowardsthedescriptionofsomewriters?

A.Favorable.B.Negative.C.Unconcerned.D.Neutral.

【答案】8.A9.D10.C11.B

【解析】

【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】這是一篇說(shuō)明文。本文說(shuō)明了“生產(chǎn)力畸形”概念的產(chǎn)生，其形成的原因，以及對(duì)人們生活的影

響。

【8題詳解】

詞句猜測(cè)題。根據(jù)第一段“Doyoufeellikeyoushouldbedoingmoredespiteworkingfullhoursandnearing

burnout?（你是否覺得自己應(yīng)該做更多的工作，盡管你已經(jīng)工作了很長(zhǎng)時(shí)間，兒乎筋疲力盡了？）”以及畫線

詞」二文“Ilisawaytodescribethefeelingoffailingtorecognizeyouraccomplishmentsandwantingtocontinue

doingmore,evenwhenyou,reM可知，生產(chǎn)力畸形是在你極度疲勞的狀態(tài)下，仍然想繼續(xù)工作，對(duì)自己已完

成的工作沒有成就感的?種體聆。故畫線詞意甩尾“疲憊的"。故詵A項(xiàng)。

【9題詳解】

細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段uHighlycompetitiveandjob-ledculturecontributetoconstantlypursuingproductivity

thatcatsawayatotherareasoflife.（高度競(jìng)爭(zhēng)和以工作為主導(dǎo)的文化有助于不斷追求生產(chǎn)力，從而侵蝕生活

的其他領(lǐng)域）”和第四段“Plus,theproblemisn'tthatthebosstellsthemtodoit,butratherthattheyinternalize

theneedtoalwaysbeproductiveevenwhenthey'regoingsomc-whcrctoenjoyleisurelime.（另夕卜，問(wèn)題不是老

板讓他們這么做，而是他們把保持高效的需求內(nèi)化了，即使他們要去某個(gè)地方享受閑暇時(shí)間）”可知，內(nèi)化

的需求是我們不斷追求生產(chǎn)力的原因，故選D項(xiàng)。

【10題詳解】

推理判斷題。根據(jù)第一段"Doyoufeellikeyoushouldbedoingmoredespiteworkingfullhoursandnearing

burnout?Youmaybeexperiencingproductivitydysmorphia（生產(chǎn)力崎形）.（你是否覺得自己應(yīng)該做更多的工

作，盡管你已經(jīng)工作了很長(zhǎng)時(shí)間，幾乎筋疲力盡了？你可能正在經(jīng)歷生產(chǎn)力畸形）”可推知，文章對(duì)“生產(chǎn)

力畸形”的解釋一一在極度疲勢(shì)的狀態(tài)卜，仍然想繼續(xù)」一作，對(duì)自己已完成的」.作沒杓成就感，故而“無(wú)

論何時(shí)何地都在工作”符合定義，故選C項(xiàng)。

[11題詳解】

推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段"Somewritershaveevenbegundescribingrestasproductive,asifpeopleshould

stoprelaxingifitdoesn'timprovepertbnnanceinsomeway.Notonlydoesthismindsetmakeitdifficulttoview

andcelebrateyourachievements,butitalsopushesyoutobuildyourentirelifearoundwork.Theonlymilestones

thatmatterareachievingworkgoals.Theworstpart?There'snosenseoffulfillmentwhenyoureachthesegoals.

（一些作家甚至開始把休息描述為富有成效，仿佛如果休息不能在某種程度上提高工作表現(xiàn)，人們就應(yīng)該停

止放松。這種心態(tài)不僅會(huì)讓你很難看到和慶祝你的成就，還會(huì)推動(dòng)你圍繞工作建立整個(gè)生活。唯一重要的

里程碑是實(shí)現(xiàn)工作目標(biāo)。最糟糕的是什么？當(dāng)你達(dá)到這些目標(biāo)時(shí)，你沒有成就感）”可推知，本文作者對(duì)一

些作家的描述持否定態(tài)度。故選B項(xiàng)。

D

Livingrobotscanreproduceontheirowninadish.Thisisnotascience-fictionmovie,buttheresultofanew

research.

Xenobots,atypeoftinyrobot,werefirstcreatedin2020,usingcellstakenfromtheembryo（胚胎）ofan

Africanfrogspecies.Undertherightlabconditions,thecellsformedsmallstructuresthatcouldsclf-asscmblc（自

組裝），moveingroupsandreacttotheirenvironment.Now,theresearchershavefoundthatxenobolscanalsoself-

reproduce,accordingtothejoumal-NewScientist.

Xenobotsstepoveranunusualline.Aretheylivingorganismsorrobots?Theyareorganismsbecausetheyare

madeofstemcellsandcanreproduce.Buttheyarealsorobotsbecausetheycanmoveon（heirownandperform

physicallabor,co-authorSaniKriegmantoldTheWashingtonPost.

“Peoplehavethoughtfbrquitealongtimethatwe'veworkedoutallthewaysthatlifecanreproduceorcopy.

Butthisissomethingthat'sneverbeenobservedbefore,“co-authorDouglasBlackstone,aseniorscientistatTufts

UniversityintheUS,toldScienceDailywebsite.

Theabilitytocopyaddsanewlayerofpotentialfunctiontotherobots.KriegmantoldTheWashingtonPost

thatwhilexenobotsarenotyetcommerciallyuseful,theyhavethepotentialtoofferanumberofservices,from

cleaningupinicroplasticsintheoceantosafelydeliveringdrugstoaspecificspotinaperson'sbody.

However,thecreationofxenobotscomeswithconcerns.Somethinkmoreadvancedfuturexenobots,

especiallyonesthatlivelongerandreproduce,couldout-conipctcotherspecies,accordingtoTheConversation,an

Australianewsmedia.

Researchersthinktheserisksaremanageable.kWltyouchangetheamountofsodium（由87匕素）inthatwaterto

betoohighortoolow,they'lldie,“KriegmantoldTheWashingtonPost.4tIfthere'sapieceofcopper,akindof

mclal,inthedish,they,llalldie.It'sanextremelycontrollable,stoppableandsafesystem.”

12.Whatarexenobots?

A.Robotsfirstdiscoveredin2020.B.Robotsfromasci-fimovie.

C.Organismsmadeofembryos.D.Organisesaswellasrobots.

13.Whatisthepromisingbenefitbroughtaboutbyxenobots?

A.Promotingcommercialproducts.B.Offeringsomehouseholdservices.

C.Deliveringmedicineinsideapatient.D.Cleaninguphugeplasticsintheocean.

14.WhatcanyouinferfromKriegrran'swordsinthelastparagraph*/

A.Xenobotsdiehardinwater.B.Xenobotswon'tposeathreat.

C.Xenobotsaremadeofcopper.D.Xenobo:shaveasafesystem.

15.Whatisthepurposeofthepassage?

A.ToinformusofthecreationofXenobots.B.ToinstructpeoplehowtouseXenobots.

C.TowarnaboutthedangerfromXenobots.D.TosettletheargumentsoverXenobots.

【答案】12.D13.C14.B15.A

【解析】

【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】這是一篇說(shuō)明文。本文介紹了異種機(jī)器人的產(chǎn)生，并具體說(shuō)明異種機(jī)器人繁育機(jī)制、本質(zhì)、應(yīng)用

前景，以及引發(fā)的爭(zhēng)議。

【12題詳解】

細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段uTheyareorganismsbecausetheyaremadeofstemcellsandcanreproduce.Butthey

arealsorobotsbecausetheycanmoveontheirownandperformphysicallabor,co-authorSamKriegmantoldThe

WashingtonPost.（它們是生物體，因?yàn)樗鼈兪怯筛杉?xì)胞組成的，可以繁殖。但它們也是機(jī)器人，因?yàn)樗鼈兛?/p>

以自己移動(dòng)并從事體力勞動(dòng)，合著者薩姆?克里格曼告訴《華盛頓郵報(bào)》）”可知，異種機(jī)器人既是有機(jī)

體，也是機(jī)器人。故選D項(xiàng)。

【13題詳解】

細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第五段wKriegmantoldTheWashingtonPostthatwhilexenobotsarenotyetcommercially

useful,theyhavethepotentialtoofferanumberofservices,fromcleaningupmicroplasticsin(heoceantosafely

deliveringdrugstoaspecificspotinaperson'sbody.(克里格曼告訴《華盛頓郵報(bào)》，雖然異種機(jī)器人還沒有商

業(yè)用途，但它們有可能提供一系列服務(wù)，從清理海洋中的微塑料到安全將藥物運(yùn)送到人體內(nèi)的特定位置）”

可知，異種機(jī)器人未來(lái)可以將約物送到人體內(nèi)特定的位置。故選C項(xiàng)。

【14題詳解】

推理判斷題。根據(jù)第七段“It'sanextremelycontrollable,stoppableandsafesystem.（這是一個(gè)非?？煽兀勺?/p>

止和安全的系統(tǒng)）”可推知，針對(duì)一些質(zhì)疑，Kriegman認(rèn)為異種機(jī)器人本身是一種可控的且安全的系統(tǒng)機(jī)

制，不會(huì)構(gòu)成威肋，。故選B項(xiàng)。

【15題詳解】

推理判斷題。根據(jù)第一段"Livingrobotscanreproduceontheirowninadish.Thisisnotascience-fiction

movie,buttheresultofanewreseamh.（活的機(jī)器人可以在盤子里自己繁殖。這不是科幻電影，而是一項(xiàng)新研

究的結(jié)果）”結(jié)合本文說(shuō)明介紹了異種機(jī)器人的產(chǎn)生，并在各個(gè)段落具體說(shuō)明異種機(jī)器人繁育機(jī)制、本質(zhì)、

應(yīng)用前景，以及引發(fā)的爭(zhēng)議。由此推知，文章的目的是介紹異種機(jī)器人。故選A項(xiàng)。

第二節(jié)（共5小題海小題2.5分，滿分12.5分）

閱讀下面短文，從短文后的選項(xiàng)中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。選項(xiàng)中有兩項(xiàng)為多余選

項(xiàng)。

Navigation（導(dǎo)航）skillsseemtoconicnaturallytosome-butothersaren'tsolucky.Ifyouarclackinginasense

ofdirection,especiallysickoftakingwrongturns,here'showtostartfindingyourway.

Tobeginwith,Ihavetobefrank（hatIhadaninterestinresearchingthistopicbecausemyownsenseof

directionisabsolutelyrubbish.16Icanfindmywaythereeasilyenoughbecausetherearesignspointing

meintherightdirection.Butgellingbacktomydiningtableisanotherstory.Afterall,（herearenohelpfulsigns

saying.uThisiswhereyouweresittinglessthanfiveminutesago.Jane.”

However,agoodnewsisthataccordingtoscientiststhehippocampus（海馬體）-thepartofthebrain

associatedwithnavigation-expandstoaccommodatethementalmapsofthosewhoarepuzzledwithdirections.

17Theyjustneedtoworkatit.

Firstly,it'sagoodideatoputtheGPSaway.InaUniversityofNottinghamstudy,driverswho'dfollowed

step-by-stepGPSinstructionsfbundithardertoworkoutwherethey'dbeen.18

19Notleastitisbecausetheamountofmentalenergyitrc-quircsmeansit'smorelikelytostickin

yourmind.Lookingatonlinemapsonabigscreen-orevenstudyingapapermap-alsoallowsyoutogetasenseof

thatall-importantbiggerpictureandhoweverywherefitstogether.

Finally,trytorelaxwhenyou'r?onunfamiliarground.20Butthissuddenburstofanxietywillonly

increaseyourpressureandpreventyoufromcalmlyworkingoutwhichwaytogo.

A.IalwaysgetlostwhenIamout.

B.Yes,theycanimprovethesenseofdirection.

C.Takepoppingtothetoiletinarestaurant,forexample.

D.Theyevenfailedtonoticethey'dbeenpastthesameplace.

E.Howevertheycanfinallymanagethedirectioncompletely.

F.H'salltooeasytogetpanickedbythesuspicionofgettinglost.

G.Studyingalargermapandmemorizingtherouteinadvancecanbehelpful.

【答案】16.C17.B18.D19.G20.F

【解析】

【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】本是一篇說(shuō)明文。說(shuō)明了方向感是可以培養(yǎng)的，并且介紹了幾種培養(yǎng)方向感的方法。

【16題詳解】

下文“Icanfindmywaythereeasilyenoughbecausetherearesignspointingmeintherightdirection.Butgelling

backtomydiningtabicisanotherstory（我可以很容易地找到去那里的路，因?yàn)槟抢镉兄甘九浦赶蛭艺_的方

向。但回到我的餐桌是另一回事）”可知此處講述作者在以自己出門在餐廳找洗手間為例，要找到洗手間很

容易，但要回到自己的餐桌位置卻并不容易說(shuō)明，因此C項(xiàng)“以去餐館上廁所為例”符合語(yǔ)境，故選C。

【17題詳解】

上文“thosewhoarcpuzzledwithdirections（那些對(duì)方向感到困惑的人）”以及“Theyjustneedtoworkatit

（他們只需要努力）”可知主語(yǔ)與上下文相同，都應(yīng)由“Ihey”指代“thosewho”，注意文中的指代關(guān)系，因

此B項(xiàng)”是的，它們可以提高方問(wèn)感”符合語(yǔ)境，故選B。

【18題詳解】

上文“InaUniversityofNottinghamstudy,driverswho'dfollowedstep-by-stepGPSinstructionsfounditharderto

workoutwherethey\ibeen.（在諾丁漢大學(xué)的一?頂研究中，遵循GPS逐步指示的司機(jī)發(fā)現(xiàn)很難確定自己去過(guò)

哪里.）”可知有些司機(jī)僅僅靠GPS,很難找到方向，空格處進(jìn)一步說(shuō)明方向感差帶來(lái)的后果，因此D項(xiàng)“他

們甚至沒有注意到自己經(jīng)過(guò)了同一個(gè)地方”符合語(yǔ)境，故選D。

【19題詳解】

b文uLookingatonlinemapsonabigscrccn-orevenstudyingapapermap-alsoallowsyoutogetasenseofthat

all-importantbiggerpictureandhoweverywherefitstogether.（在大屏幕上查看在線地圖，甚至研究紙質(zhì)地

圖，也可以讓你了解至關(guān)重要的大局，以及各地是如何融合在一起的。）”可知設(shè)空處提出的培養(yǎng)方向感的

方法，不僅更能讓人印象深刻，而且在看在線地圖或紙質(zhì)地圖時(shí)，可以讓人更好地找到目的地，與空格處

是本段主旨，因此G項(xiàng)“研究一張更大的地圖并提前記住路線可能會(huì)有所幫助”能夠概括段意，故選G。

【20題詳解】

上又"Finally,trytorelaxwhenyou'reonuntAmiliarground（最后，當(dāng)你在陌生的地方時(shí)，試著放松）”說(shuō)明的

是從思想上保持冷靜放松，設(shè)空處隨即解釋保持放松的原因，以及下文“Butthissuddenburslofanxietywill

onlyincreaseyourpressureandpreventyoufromcalmlyworkingoutwhichwaytogo.（但這種突然爆發(fā)的焦慮只

會(huì)增加你的壓力，使你無(wú)法平靜地決定該走哪條路。）”是空格處導(dǎo)致的結(jié)果，因此F項(xiàng)“人們很容易因?yàn)?/p>

有迷路的嫌疑而驚慌失措”符合語(yǔ)境，故選F。

第三部分語(yǔ)言運(yùn)用（共兩節(jié)，滿分30分）

第一節(jié)（共15小題;每小題1分，滿分15分）

閱讀下面短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出可以填入空白處的最隹選項(xiàng)。

Astormblewupoverthestate.Inthemorning,Ifoundababybirdinthegallery.Hewaswetthrough,looking

very421forhimself.Hev/asalone,withno22around.Realizinghewas23bythe

storm,Ipickedhimupandmadeabig“house"fbrhim,filledwithsomegrassand24

Hewasvery25alfirst.Butastime26hefinallybecameoutgoingandsatonmyshoulder

asIwalkedintheyard.Fromthenon,he27becameamemberofmyfamily.Heatesomeofthedog's

mealandsomeinsectsI28tofind.Twoweeksgoingby,hedecidedtoflyoffonhisown!Iwasgladhe

29andwasabletolivehislifeasheshould.

Aboutoneyearlater,Iwasin（heyardagain,thistimehangingoutsome30whenabigbirdflew

downand31onmyshoulder!Hewasnotabit32andIknewitwashim.Stayingforawhile,

heflewoffupintothe33,disappearing.

Awildbirdcamebacktosay,“Thankyoufbr34.mc.5Tantastic!35.thelittlething.I

experiencedastrongsenseofsatisfaction.

21.A.sorryB.gratefulC.proudD.happy

22.A.foodB.signC.parentD.people

23.A.foundB.attackedC.destroyedD.troubled

24.A.HowersB.branchesC.treesD.toys

25.A.noisyB.relievedC.satisfiedD.quiet

26A.wentawayB.brokeoutC.passedbyD.caughtup

27.A.officiallyB.secretlyC.luckilyD.surprisingly

28.A.expectedB.intendedC.promisedD.managed

29.A.escapedB.recoveredC.restedD.survived

30.A.washingsB.teachingsC.buildingsD.findings

31A.drankB.sleptC.aleD.landed

32.A.astonishedB.angryC.afraidD.calm

33.A.galleryB.yardC.houseD.sky

34.A.servingB.rescuingC.curingD.making

35.A.Thanksto