高級中學名校試題PAGEPAGE1廣東省八校聯盟2024-2025學年高二下學期教學質量檢測（一）英語試題第一部分聽力（略）第二部分閱讀（共兩節(jié)，滿分50分）第一節(jié)（共15小題；每小題2.5分，滿分37.5分）閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個選項中選出最佳選項。AHerearethreemust-visitphotographyholysitesrecommendedbyCNN.HongcunAncientVillage,AnhuiThe900-year-oldvillageofHongcunhaslongdrawnin-the-knowChinesevisitors,wholoveitspeacefulatmosphereanddistinctivearchitecture.Itsclassicstructures,MoonLakeandpicturesquelocalshavebeenaninspirationforartstudentsfordecades.Walkingthenarrowlanespavedwithquartzite(石英巖)andseeingfarmersworkinginricefields,withthereflectionofancienthousesinthelake,shouldprovideenoughmaterialtogetyoustartedonyourownvisualmasterpiece.MountWuyi,FujianAmajorlandmarkinsoutheastChinaandaUNESCOWorldHeritageSite,MountWuyiwasthesettingforthedevelopmentandspreadofNeo-Confucianism,influentialinEastAsiasincethe11thcentury.BambooraftdriftingintheNineBendRiver(lowergorge)isapopularactivityamongvisitors.Thetwo-hour,eight-kilometertripsfloatingonwaterprovidegrandviewsofMountWuyi.Yangshuo,GuangxiWhentheChineselongforviewsofthenation’smostscenichillsandrivers,theybookabamboo-boatcruiseinYangshuo.TheriversidetowninsouthernChinaismostfamousforitskarst(喀斯特)hillsandtraditionalfishing-villagelifestyle.Downtownistouristy.Visitorscanrentbikesandheadtothecountrysidetofindamorecalmingscene:bambooboatsmovingslowlyalongtheriver,fishermensettingoutwithcormorants,farmerstoilinginfieldswithlushpeakssoaringhighabove.1.WhatmakesHongcunAncientVillageattractivetoartstudents?A.Its900-year-longhistory.B.Thequartzite-pavednarrowlanes.C.Itspeacefulatmosphereandarchitecture.D.Itsclassicstructures,MoonLakeandlocals.2.InYangshuo,whatcanvisitorsdotoenjoyamorepeacefulscene?A.Visitthedowntownareafulloftourists.B.TakeabamboorafttripintheNineBendRiver.C.Rentbikesandgotothecountryside.D.AdmirethedevelopmentandspreadofNeo-Confucianism.3.Whereisthistextmostlikelytobetakenfrom?A.Atravelguidebook. B.Ascientificresearchpaper.C.Ahistorytextbook. D.Afashionmagazine.【答案】1.D2.C3.A【語篇解讀】本文是一篇應用文。文章介紹了美國有線電視新聞網(CNN)推薦的三個必去的攝影圣地。【1題詳析】細節(jié)理解題。根據HongcunAncientVillage,Anhui部分中“Itsclassicstructures,MoonLakeandpicturesquelocalshavebeenaninspirationforartstudentsfordecades.(幾十年來，它的經典建筑、月沼湖和風景如畫的當地人一直是藝術生的靈感來源)”可知，宏村的經典建筑、月沼湖和當地人吸引了藝術生。故選D項?！?題詳析】細節(jié)理解題。根據Yangshuo,Guangxi部分中“Visitorscanrentbikesandheadtothecountrysidetofindamorecalmingscene(游客可以租自行車去鄉(xiāng)村，尋找更寧靜的風景)”可知，在陽朔，游客租自行車去鄉(xiāng)村能享受更寧靜的風景。故選C項。【3題詳析】推理判斷題。文章開頭提到“HerearethreemustvisitphotographyholysitesrecommendedbyCNN.(以下是美國有線電視新聞網推薦的三個必去的攝影圣地)”，接著分別介紹了安徽宏村、福建武夷山和廣西陽朔這三個旅游景點的特色、適合開展的活動等信息，是為游客提供旅游相關的指引和建議。由此可推斷，本文最有可能出自旅游指南。故選A項。BAfive-year-olddognamedKelseyhasbeenpraisedasaheroforhelpingtosavethelifeofherownerwhoslippedinthesnowandbrokehisneck.Theman,Bob,wasalonewhenhelefthisfarmhouseonNewYear’sEvetocollectfirewood.Expectingajourneyofonlyseveralmeters,Bobwaswearingjustlongjohns(襯褲),ashirtandslipperswhenhewentoutside,althoughthetemperaturewasaround－4℃.Aftertheaccident,hewasunabletomoveinthesnow.Fortunately,Kelseycametohisassistance.“Iwasshoutingforhelp,butmynearestneighborisabout400metersaway,anditwas10:30p.m.,”Bobexplained.“Bythenextmorning,myvoicewasgoneandIcouldn’tyellforhelp,butKelseydidn’tstopbarking.”Kelsey’scompanionkepthimwarmbylyingontopofhim.Shelickedhisfaceandhandstokeephimawake.“Kelseykeptbarkingbutneverleftmyside,”Bobrecalled.“IknewIcouldn’tgiveupandthatitwasmychoicetostayalive.”Bobspent20hoursinthefreezingcold.Whenhefinallylostconsciousness,hisdogkeptbarking.Finally,hearingthebarking,Bob’sneighbordiscoveredhimat6:30p.m.onNewYear’sDayandcalledtheemergencyservicesatonce.WhenBobarrivedinhospital,hisbodytemperaturewasbelow21℃.However,doctorsweresurprisedtofindthathedidn’thaveanyfrostbite(凍瘡).TheybelieveditwasbecauseofKelsey’sdeterminationtokeephimwarm.Dr.ChaimColen,thedoctorwhotreatedBob,said,“Hisdogreallysavedhim.Hewasveryfortunate.”BobsaidhewasverygratefultobothDr.ColenandhisKelsey.“Theysavedmylife.Theyaretrulyheroes!”4.WhathappenedtoBobonNewYear’sEve?A.Helefthisdogaloneinhisfarmhouse.B.Hewaspraisedforsavingadogowner.C.Hebrokehisneckandcouldn’tmove.D.Heheardhisneighbor’sshoutingforhelp.5.WhydidKelseykeepbarking?A.Tokeepwarm.B.Tostayalive.C.TokeepBobawake.D.Toseekhelpfromothers.6.HowdoesDr.ColenfeelaboutKelsey?A.Helpful. B.Fortunate.C.Grateful. D.Friendly.7.Whatcanbeasuitabletitleforthetext?A.ANeck-breakingAccidentB.TheMagicNightC.WarmthonaWinter’sNightD.DeterminationtoKeepAlive【答案】4.C5.D6.A7.C【語篇解讀】這是一篇記敘文。文章講述了一只叫Kelsey的狗狗在主人Bob不慎在雪地中滑倒傷到了脖子無法動彈時，用身體為主人取暖，并且還不斷吠叫希望能引起別人的注意，最終Bob獲救?！?題詳析】細節(jié)理解題。根據第一段中的“whoslippedinthesnowandbrokehisneck(在雪地里滑倒并摔斷脖子)”及第三段中的“Aftertheaccident,hewasunabletomoveinthesnow.(事故發(fā)生后，他在雪地里動彈不得)”可知，Bob在雪地中滑倒傷到了脖子，不能動了。故選C?！?題詳析】推理判斷題。根據第四段中的“Bythenextmorning,myvoicewasgoneandIcouldn’tyellforhelp,butKelseydidn’tstopbarking.(到了第二天早上，我的聲音消失了，我無法大聲呼救，但Kelsey沒有停止吠叫)”可推知，Kelsey一直叫的目的是找人來幫助主人。故選D?！?題詳析】推理判斷題。根據倒數第二段中的“Dr.ChaimColen,thedoctorwhotreatedBob,said,‘Hisdogreallysavedhim.Hewasveryfortunate.’(治療Bob的醫(yī)生ChaimColen醫(yī)生說：‘他的狗真的救了他。他非常幸運?！?”可知，ChaimColen醫(yī)生認為Bob的狗救了Bob，因此ChaimColen醫(yī)生認為Kelsey是有幫助的。故選A?！?題詳析】主旨大意題。通讀全文內容并根據倒數第二段中的“However,doctorsweresurprisedtofindthathedidn’thaveanyfrostbite(凍瘡).TheybelieveditwasbecauseofKelsey’sdeterminationtokeephimwarm.(然而，醫(yī)生驚訝地發(fā)現他沒有凍瘡。他們認為這是因為Kelsey決心讓他保持溫暖)”可知，Bob在寒冷的夜里衣著單薄卻沒有任何凍瘡是因為他的狗用身體不停地溫暖他。故C項“冬夜里的溫暖”做文章標題最合適。故選C。CShannonBrescherShea’snine-year-oldstruggledwithfocusandfollowingdirectionsathomeandatschool.Butafterridinghisbike,whetheraroundtheparkortoschool,hefeltobviouslycalmer.“Wecallitmovingmeditation(冥想),”saysShea,whoisafamilybikingadvocateandauthorinMaryland.“Wesawhowincrediblyhelpfulbikingwasforhisfocus,emotionalregulationandabilitytofollowdirections.”Thisexperienceisn’tunique.Researchconsistentlyshowsthatphysicalactivitycontributestoimprovingmentalhealth.“Exercise,nomatteryourage,isthesinglebestthingyoucandoforeveryorganinyourbody,includingyourbrain,”saysAllanReiss,aprofessoranddirectorofBrainSciencesatStanfordUniversitySchoolofMedicine.Andwhileanyexercisehelps,agrowingbodyofresearchshowsbicyclingisamongtheactivitiesthatmightprovideevenmoreofamentalhealthboost.Scientistsaren’tyetsurewhy,butitmighthavesomethingtodowithallthefunctionalskillscyclistsuse.“Youneedtomaintainyourbalanceandprocessalotofinformationfromyourenvironment,likedecidingwhetheryoucansqueezepastatreeorhowhardyouneedtobrake,”saysReiss,“Mostimportantly,you’vegottocoordinate(協調),sense,process,integrate,regulate,andcontinuallymakedecisions.”AccordingtoReiss,“Researchsuggeststhatphysicalactivitylikecyclinglikelyencouragesnewcellgrowthinareasofthebrainlinkedtomemoryandproblem-solving,andcansupportstrongerconnectionsbetweenneurons(神經元),ultimatelyimpactingmemoryandlearning.”Luckily,it’snottoohardtogetonabikeformostpeople.Youshouldfocusonthefun.Toensureridersdon’tgettiredtooquickly(ortoobored),buildinafunstopratherthanmaketheridethesinglefocus.Self-pacedexplorationandadventurearekeytotheride.Cyclingcanmultiplywhenitbecomesasocialproject.Inneighborhoodswherebikelanesorothersafe-to-ridepathwaysexist,organizingagroupridewithfriendsmightbejustthetickettolessstressed,morerelaxedindividuals.8.WhatdoestheauthorwanttostressusingShea’sson’sexample?A.Advantageofphysicalexerciseregularly. B.Positiveeffectofridingonmentalhealth.C.Importanceofleadingarelaxinglifestyle. D.Possibilitiesthatanydiseasecanbecured.9.WhydoescyclingboostmentalhealthmoreaccordingtoReiss?A.Itneedsbetterintegratedcoordinationabilities.B.Itsoutdoorexposurehelpsimprovethemoodstate.C.Itneedsrepetitivemovementtohelpcalmthemind.D.Itssenseoffreedomandexplorationhelpsmindgrow.10.Whatisthefunctionofthequotedstatementinparagraph4?A.Presentingexperiments. B.Explainingconcepts.C.Providingevidence. D.Offeringsuggestions.11.Whatcanbeinferredfromthelastparagraph?A.Cyclingwithpartnersisrecommended.B.Nonstopcyclingmakesthemostoftheride.C.Purchasingticketsforagrouprideisessential.D.Bikelaneconstructionispromotedbycommunities.【答案】8.B9.A10.C11.A【語篇解讀】本文是一篇說明文。文章講述了騎自行車有助于改善心理健康，包括提高專注力、情緒調節(jié)能力和方向感，同時也能促進大腦新細胞生長和加強神經元連接，最終影響記憶和學習能力。文章鼓勵人們騎自行車，并享受其中的樂趣?！?題詳析】推理判斷題。根據第一段中“ShannonBrescherShea’snine-year-oldstruggledwithfocusandfollowingdirectionsathomeandatschool.Butafterridinghisbike,whetheraroundtheparkortoschool,hefeltobviouslycalmer.(ShannonBrescherShea9歲的兒子在家里和學校里都很難集中注意力，也無法聽從指示。但騎完自行車后，無論是在公園周圍還是去學校，他都明顯感到平靜。)”可知，Shea的兒子在騎車后明顯感到更平靜，專注力和情緒調節(jié)能力得到提高。作者通過這一例子想要強調的是騎自行車對心理健康的積極影響。故選B?！?題詳析】細節(jié)理解題。根據第三段中“Mostimportantly,you’vegottocoordinate(協調),sense,process,integrate,regulate,andcontinuallymakedecisions.(最重要的是，你必須協調、感知、處理、整合、規(guī)范，并不斷做出決定。)”可知，騎自行車需要協調、感知、處理、整合、調節(jié)和不斷做出決策。這表明騎行需要更好的綜合協調能力，這可能是其對心理健康促進作用更大的原因。故選A。【10題詳析】推理判斷題。根據第四段中“AccordingtoReiss,“Researchsuggeststhatphysicalactivitylikecyclinglikelyencouragesnewcellgrowthinareasofthebrainlinkedtomemoryandproblem-solving,andcansupportstrongerconnectionsbetweenneurons(神經元),ultimatelyimpactingmemoryandlearning.”(Reiss說：“研究表明，像騎自行車這樣的體育活動可能會促進大腦中與記憶和解決問題有關的區(qū)域的新細胞生長，并能支持神經元之間更強的聯系，最終影響記憶和學習?！?”可知，研究表明物理活動如騎自行車可能促進大腦中與記憶和解決問題相關的區(qū)域的新細胞生長，并支持神經元之間的更強連接，最終影響記憶和學習。這表明引用的研究的內容是為了提供證據來支持前面的觀點，即解釋為什么騎行對心理健康有益，故本段陳述起到的作用是提供證據。故選C?！?1題詳析】推理判斷題。根據最后一段中“Inneighborhoodswherebikelanesorothersafe-to-ridepathwaysexist,organizingagroupridewithfriendsmightbejustthetickettolessstressed,morerelaxedindividuals.(在有自行車道或其他安全騎行通道的社區(qū)里，和朋友組織一次集體騎行可能只是那些壓力較小、更放松的人的門票。)”可知，在有自行車道或其他安全騎行路徑的社區(qū)，組織團體騎行可能是減輕壓力、放松身心的好方法。這表明作者推薦與朋友一起騎行。因此，選項A“Cyclingwithpartnersisrecommended.(推薦與朋友一起騎行)”符合題意。故選A。DAbigriseinplasticpollutionhasbeenuncoveredbyscientists,whohavecalculatedthatmorethan170tnplasticparticles(微粒)areafloatintheoceans.Theyhavecalledforareductionintheproductionofplastics,warningthat“cleanupisfutile”iftheycontinuetobethrownintotheenvironmentatthecurrentrate.Theresearch,bythe5GyresInstituteandpublishedinthejournalPlosOne,evaluatestrendsofoceanplasticfrom1979to2019.Theauthorsnotedarapidincreaseofmarineplasticpollutionandblamedtheplasticsindustryforfailingtorecycleordesignforrecyclability.DrMarcusEriksen,theco-founderofthe5GyresInstitute,said,“Theexponential(指數級)increaseinmicroplasticsacrosstheworld’soceansisawarningthatwemustactnowataglobalrange,stopfocusingoncleanupandrecycling,andcreateanageofcorporateresponsibilityfortheentirelifeofthethingstheymake.”Theresearcherslookedat11,777samplesoffloatingoceanplasticstocreateaglobaltimeseriesthatestimatedtheaveragecountsandmassofmicroplasticsintheoceansurfacelayer,liningupthedatawithinternationalpolicymeasuresaimedatreducingplasticpollutiontoevaluatetheireffectiveness.Itfoundthatfrom2005.therehadbeenarapidincreaseinthemassofoceanplastic.Thescientistsestimateatleast170tnplasticparticlesarepresentintheoceans,withacombinedweightofabout2milliontonnes.Theysaywithoutimmediateglobalactiononplasticproduction,therateofplasticenteringaquaticenvironmentsisexpectedtoincreaseabout2.6-foldfrom2016to2040.Researchershavewarnedthatinternationalpoliciesonplasticarefragmented(碎片的),lackspecificityanddonotincludemeasurabletargets.Theyhavecalledforcorporateresponsibilityforplasticproductiontobeenforcedglobally,withlegallybindinglegislation(立法)thataddressesthefulllifecycleofplastic,fromextractionandmanufacturingtoitsendoflife.12.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“futile”inParagraph1mean?A.Demanding. B.Pointless. C.Effective. D.Useful.13.WhatistoblamefortheriseinplasticpollutionintheoceansaccordingtoParagraph2?A.Governmentpolicy. B.Thefishingindustry.C.Theplasticsindustry. D.Failuretowarnpeopletimely.14.Whatistheresearchers’suggestiononaddressingtheissue?A.Encouragingindividualstorecyclemore.B.Focusingoncleanupandrecyclinginitiatives.C.Increasingplasticproductiontomeetglobaldemands.D.Callingforcollectiveresponsibilityforplasticproduction.15.Whatisthemainissueaddressedinthetext?A.Theriseinplasticpollutionintheoceans. B.Theincreasingdemandforplasticproducts.C.Theneedforbetteroceancleanupinitiatives. D.Theadvancementinplasticrecyclingtechnology.【答案】12.B13.C14.D15.A【語篇解讀】本文是一篇說明文。文章主要介紹了科學家發(fā)現海洋塑料污染大幅上升，指出塑料行業(yè)應為此負責，并呼吁全球對塑料生產承擔共同責任?！?2題詳析】詞句猜測題。根據劃線詞所在句“Theyhavecalledforareductionintheproductionofplastics,warningthat‘cleanupisfutile’iftheycontinuetobethrownintotheenvironmentatthecurrentrate.(他們呼吁減少塑料生產，并警告說，如果繼續(xù)以目前的速度將塑料扔進環(huán)境中，‘清理是futile’)”中“warningthat”和“iftheycontinuetobethrownintotheenvironmentatthecurrentrate.”可推知，若持續(xù)大量扔塑料，會發(fā)生嚴重的后果，所以需要提出警告。結合選項，“清理工作變得毫無意義(pointless)”符合語境，是嚴重后果，所以劃線詞futile的意思是“無意義的，徒勞的”，與pointless同義。故選B項?！?3題詳析】細節(jié)理解題。根據第二段中“Theauthorsnotedarapidincreaseofmarineplasticpollutionandblamedtheplasticsindustryforfailingtorecycleordesignforrecyclability.(作者指出海洋塑料污染迅速增加，并指責塑料行業(yè)未能進行回收利用或設計可回收的產品)”可知，海洋塑料污染增加應歸咎于塑料行業(yè)。故選C項?！?4題詳析】細節(jié)理解題。根據最后一段中“Researchershavewarnedthatinternationalpoliciesonplasticarefragmented(碎片的),lackspecificityanddonotincludemeasurabletargets.Theyhavecalledforcorporateresponsibilityforplasticproductiontobeenforcedglobally,withlegallybindinglegislation(立法)thataddressesthefulllifecycleofplastic,fromextractionandmanufacturingtoitsendoflife.(研究人員警告說，有關塑料的國際政策是支離破碎的，缺乏專一性，也沒有可衡量的目標。他們呼吁在全球范圍內強制實行塑料生產的企業(yè)責任，并制定具有法律約束力的立法，涵蓋塑料從開采、制造到生命周期結束的整個過程)”可知，研究人員呼吁在全球范圍內對塑料生產承擔共同責任。故選D項?！?5題詳析】主旨大意題。通讀全文，結合第一段“Abigriseinplasticpollutionhasbeenuncoveredbyscientists,whohavecalculatedthatmorethan17tnplasticparticles(微粒)areafloatintheoceans.Theyhavecalledforareductionintheproductionofplastics,warningthat“cleanupisfutile”iftheycontinuetobethrownintotheenvironmentatthecurrentrate.(科學家發(fā)現塑料污染大幅上升，他們計算出海洋中漂浮著超過17萬億個塑料微粒。他們呼吁減少塑料的生產，并警告說，如果塑料繼續(xù)以目前的速度被扔進環(huán)境中，“清理工作將變得毫無意義”)”可知，本文主要討論的是海洋塑料污染的上升問題。故選A項。第二節(jié)（共5小題；每小題2.5分，滿分12.5分）閱讀下面短文，從短文后的選項中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項。選項中有兩項為多余選項。EnhancedHealthandFitnessStrategiestoWardOffIllnessinWinterThewintermonthspresentnumeroushealthchallenges,fromincreasedexposuretovirusestoadecreaseinphysicalactivityduetochillyweather.____16____Thefollowingstrategiesprovideadetailedroadmapforstayinghealthythroughoutthewinter.Maintainregularexercise.Exerciseisapowerfultoolinboostingtheimmunesystemanddrivingoffillnesses.AreviewintheJournalofSportandHealthSciencehighlightedhowregularphysicalactivityreducestheriskofdevelopingdiseasesandinfectiousdiseaseslikethecommoncoldandflu.Winter-friendlyexercisescanincludeindooractivitiessuchascycling,yoga,strengthtraining,orevendancing.____17____Followanutrient-richdiet.Propernutritionplaysavitalroleinimmunefunction.Assuch,yourdietshouldincludefruits,vegetables,leanproteins,andwholegrainsrichinvitaminslikeCandDandminerals.____18____Additionally,hydrationiscrucial,eveninwinter,formaintainingbodyfunctionsandnutrientabsorption.Aimforatleasteight8-ounceglassesofwaterdaily.Fostersocialconnections.Socialinteractioncontributestomentalhealth,whichcaninturninfluencephysicalhealth.Astudydemonstratedastronglinkbetweensocialrelationshipsandmortalityrisk,suggestingtheimportanceofmaintainingsocialconnectionsforoverallhealth.____19____Prioritizequalitysleep.____20____—it’sanecessityforastrongimmunesystem.ResearchintheJournalofExperimentalMedicinedemonstratedthatagoodnight’ssleepcanenhancethefunctionofTcells,atypeofwhitebloodcellthatfightsvirus-infectedcells.Adultsshouldaimfor7-9hoursofqualitysleeppernight.Improvesleepqualitybycreatingaquietsleepenvironment,havingaregularbedtime,andlimitingscreentimebeforebed.A.Sleepisn’tjustforrest.B.Sleepneedsyourattentiontocreate.C.Thesenutrientssupportimmunesystemandkeepyouoffinfections.D.Evenincoldmonths,staysociallyengaged,whetherin-personorvirtually.E.Andyoumaybecomeinactiveforlackofastrongwilltopracticeinthegym.F.Craftingafitnessplantopreventsicknessisessentialtoenjoyingthisseasonfully.G.Tokeepyourworkoutsengaging,tryvaryingthemandaddingnewactivitiesperiodically.【答案】16.F17.G18.C19.D20.A【語篇解讀】本文是一篇說明文。介紹了在疾病高發(fā)的冬季如何保持健康的技巧?！?6題詳析】前句“Thewintermonthspresentnumeroushealthchallenges,fromincreasedexposuretovirusestoadecreaseinphysicalactivityduetochillyweather.(冬季帶來了諸多健康挑戰(zhàn)，從病毒暴露機會的增加到因寒冷天氣導致的身體活動減少。)”講冬季疾病高發(fā)，故F項“制定計劃預防疾病”切題。故選F項?！?7題詳析】根據前句“Winter-friendlyexercisescanincludeindooractivitiessuchascycling,yoga,strengthtraining,orevendancing.(適合冬季的鍛煉方式可以包括一些室內活動，例如騎自行車、瑜伽、力量訓練，甚至是跳舞。)”可知，這一段鼓勵人們多參與體育鍛煉，所以G項“為了讓你的鍛煉保持吸引力，試著改變它們并定期添加新的活動?！鼻蓄}。故選G項?！?8題詳析】根據本段的主題“Followanutrient-richdiet(多吃有營養(yǎng)的餐食。)”及前句“Assuch,yourdietshouldincludefruits,vegetables,leanproteins,andwholegrainsrichinvitaminslikeCandDandminerals.(因此，你的飲食應該包括富含維生素(如維生素C和D)和礦物質的水果、蔬菜、瘦蛋白以及全谷物。)”可知，人們應該多攝入營養(yǎng)物質，C項“這些營養(yǎng)素有助于增強免疫系統，從而幫助你避免感染?！背薪由衔?，符合本段主題。故選C項?！?9題詳析】根據劃線前句“Astudydemonstratedastronglinkbetweensocialrelationshipsandmortalityrisk,suggestingtheimportanceofmaintainingsocialconnectionsforoverallhealth.(一項研究顯示，社交關系與死亡風險之間存在密切聯系，這表明保持社交聯系對整體健康的重要性。)”可知，本段強調社交關系的重要性。D項“即使在寒冷的月份，也要保持社交參與，無論是面對面還是虛擬的?！痹诖顺猩蠁⑾拢暇湟?。故選D項。【20題詳析】根據本段的主題“Prioritizequalitysleep(優(yōu)先保證質量睡眠)”及下文中的“it’sanecessityforastrongimmunesystem(對于強大的免疫系統來說，這是必不可少的。)”可知，睡眠是建立強大免疫系統的必要條件，這里主要是講優(yōu)質睡眠方面我們不熟知的功效，A項“睡眠不僅僅是用來休息的。”切題。故選A項。第三部分語言運用（共兩節(jié)，滿分30分）第一節(jié)（共15小題；每小題1分，滿分15分）閱讀下面短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個選項中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項。Aroutineschoolfieldtripturnedintoaheroicrescuewhen12-year-oldAlexDupuistookimmediateactiontosaveastrugglingclassmate.Thequick-thinkingseventh-graderdidn’t____21____whenhenoticedafellowstudentfightingtokeephisheadabovewateratSpringLakeBeachduringtheschool’sannualtrip.“Iwasjustthinking,‘I’vegottohelphim,’”Dupuis____22____.Theyoungherowasontheshore,enjoyingthedaywithhisfriends,whenhesawtheboy____23____.Withoutasecondthought,Dupuissprangintothewatertoofferhis____24____.Uponreachingthe____25____swimmer,Dupuiswasimmediately____26____byhisclassmate.“Iwentunderwater,butIwas____27____togetup,”Dupuisexplained,demonstratingbothhiscourageandpresenceofmindinthesituation.Usinghisownstrengthanddetermination,Dupuisheldhisclassmatebytheshouldersand____28____totread(踩)wateruntillifeguardsarrived.Thelifeguards____29____andensuredbothboyswere_____30_____broughtbacktoshore.Dupuisdidn’tmentiontheincidenttohisparents,whichwasa_____31_____ofhumility(謙虛).Itwasonlywhenschoolofficials_____32_____hismother,LisaBeausoleil,24hourslaterthathisparentslearnedoftheirson’s_____33_____.“Theschoolcalledmeto_____34_____himforhisquickandselflessactions,”Beausoleilshared.“BothhisfatherandIarefull-timefirefighters,soweare_____35_____ofhim.”21.A.disagree B.hesitate C.suffer D.argue22.A.joked B.imagined C.recalled D.apologized23.A.indanger B.inorder C.incharge D.inline24.A.training B.money C.information D.assistance25.A.panicked B.relieved C.satisfied D.disappointed26.A.grasped B.ignored C.defeated D.abandoned27.A.unlikely B.able C.unwilling D.curious28.A.failed B.pretended C.promised D.managed29.A.fellbehind B.steppedback C.settleddown D.tookover30.A.safely B.frequently C.violently D.regularly31.A.change B.reward C.display D.background32.A.comforted B.rescued C.contacted D.hired33.A.scholarship B.bravery C.luck D.wealth34.A.ask B.praise C.observe D.educate35.A.ashamed B.afraid C.proud D.independent【答案】21.B22.C23.A24.D25.A26.A27.B28.D29.D30.A31.C32.C33.B34.B35.C【語篇解讀】本文是一篇記敘文。文章講述了在一次學校郊游中，12歲的AlexDupuis英勇救起了一名在春湖海灘溺水的同學，展現了非凡的勇氣和冷靜，事后他很謙遜，未向父母提及此事，直到學校通知他們才得知兒子的英勇行為?！?1題詳析】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：這位思維敏捷的七年級學生在學校年度郊游期間，看到一名同學在春湖海灘掙扎著保持頭部露出水面時，毫不猶豫地采取了行動。A.disagree不同意；B.hesitate猶豫；C.suffer遭受；D.argue爭論。根據下文“Withoutasecondthought,Dupuissprangintothewater”可知，Dupuis毫不猶豫地跳入水中，因此是指毫不猶豫地采取了行動。故選B?！?2題詳析】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：“我當時只是想，‘我必須幫助他，’”Dupuis回憶道。A.joked開玩笑；B.imagined想象；C.recalled回憶；D.apologized道歉。根據上文““Iwasjustthinking,‘I’vegottohelphim,’”可知，Dupuis是在回憶當時自己的想法。故選C?！?3題詳析】考查介詞短語辨析。句意：這位年輕的英雄當時正在岸邊與朋友們享受時光，突然看到那名男孩處于危險之中。A.indanger處于危險中；B.inorder井然有序；C.incharge負責；D.inline排隊。根據上文“whenhenoticedafellowstudentfightingtokeephisheadabovewateratSpringLakeBeach”可知，當時這名男孩在春湖海灘掙扎著保持頭部露出水面，因此是處于危險之中。故選A?！?4題詳析】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：Dupuis毫不猶豫地跳入水中，伸出援手。A.training訓練；B.money金錢；C.information信息；D.assistance幫助。根據上文“Aroutineschoolfieldtripturnedintoaheroicrescuewhen12-year-oldAlexDupuistookimmediateactiontosaveastrugglingclassmate.”可知，Dupuis救了一名陷入困境的同學，因此是指伸出援手。故選D?！?5題詳析】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：當Dupuis接近那名驚慌失措的游泳者時，他立刻被同學緊緊抓住。A.panicked驚慌的；B.relieved寬慰的；C.satisfied滿意的；D.disappointed失望的。根據上文“whenhenoticedafellowstudentfightingtokeephisheadabovewateratSpringLakeBeach”可知，當時這名男孩在春湖海灘掙扎著保持頭部露出水面，因此落水的他是驚慌失措的。故選A?！?6題詳析】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：當Dupuis接近那名驚慌失措的游泳者時，他立刻被同學緊緊抓住。A.grasped抓住；B.ignored忽視；C.defeated擊敗；D.abandoned放棄。根據下文“Iwentunderwater”可知，Dupuis被拉到了水下，因此是被同學緊緊抓住。故選A?！?7題詳析】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：“我被拉到了水下，但我成功浮了上來，”Dupuis解釋道，展現了他在危急時刻的勇氣和冷靜。A.unlikely不太可能的；B.able有能力的；C.unwilling不愿意的；D.curious好奇的。根據上文“Iwentunderwater”和表示轉折的“but”可知，雖然Dupuis被拉到了水下，但他成功浮了上來，短語beabletodo意為“能夠做某事”，表示“能浮上來”，即“成功浮了上來”。故選B。【28題詳析】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：憑借自己的力量和決心，Dupuis抓住同學的肩膀，設法踩水，直到救生員趕到。A.failed失敗；B.pretended假裝；C.promised承諾；D.managed設法。根據上文“Usinghisownstrengthanddetermination”可推知，憑借自己的力量和決心，Dupuis應該是設法踩水，保證自己和同學能浮出水面，不至于溺水。故選D?！?9題詳析】考查動詞短語辨析。句意：救生員接手后，確保兩名男孩安全返回岸邊。A.fellbehind落后；B.steppedback后退；C.settleddown安頓；D.tookover接管。根據下文“ensuredbothboyswere________broughtbacktoshore”可知，救生員讓兩名男孩返回了岸邊，因此是接手了當時的救援任務。故選D?！?0題詳析】考查副詞詞義辨析。句意：救生員接手后，確保兩名男孩安全返回岸邊。A.safely安全地；B.frequently頻繁地；C.violently猛烈地；D.regularly定期地。根據上文“Thelifeguards”和“ensured”可推知，救生員需要做的是確保兩名男孩安全返回岸邊。故選A?！?1題詳析】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：Dupuis并未向父母提及這件事，這展現了他謙遜的品質。A.change改變；B.reward獎勵；C.display展示；D.background背景。根據上文“Dupuisdidn’tmentiontheincidenttohisparents”可知，Dupuis并未向父母提及這件事，這展示了他謙遜的品質。故選C?！?2題詳析】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：直到24小時后，學校官員聯系了他的母親LisaBeausoleil，他的父母才得知兒子的英勇（行為）。A.comforted安慰；B.rescued救援；C.contacted聯系；D.hired雇傭。根據下文“Theschoolcalledmeto________himforhisquickandselflessactions”可知，學校官員聯系了Dupuis的母親Beausoleil。故選C?！?3題詳析】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：直到24小時后，學校官員聯系了他的母親LisaBeausoleil，他的父母才得知兒子的英勇（行為）。A.scholarship獎學金；B.bravery勇敢；C.luck運氣；D.wealth財富。根據上文“Aroutineschoolfieldtripturnedintoaheroicrescuewhen12-year-oldAlexDupuistookimmediateactiontosaveastrugglingclassmate.”可知，Dupuis迅速采取行動，救起了一名陷入困境的同學，這是英勇的行為。故選B。【34題詳析】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：“學校打電話給我，贊揚他迅速且無私的行動，”Beausoleil分享道。A.ask詢問；B.praise贊揚；C.observe觀察；D.educate教育。根據下文“himforhisquickandselflessactions”可推知，學校是贊揚Dupuis迅速且無私的行動。故選B?！?5題詳析】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：“我和他父親都是全職消防員，所以我們?yōu)樗械阶院?。”A.ashamed羞愧的；B.afraid害怕的；C.proud自豪的；D.independent獨立的。根據上文“BothhisfatherandIarefull-timefirefighters”可知，Dupuis的父母都是全職消防員，是負責救援工作的，因此會為兒子的救人行為感到自豪。故選C。第二節(jié)（共10小題；每小題1.5分，滿分15分）閱讀下面短文，在空白處填入1個適當的單詞或括號內單詞的正確形式。Calledasthe“SeaofDeath”,theTaklimakanDesertinChina’sXinjiangUygurAutonomousRegioncovers337,600squarekilometers.____36____alsosurprisesusisthatitscircumference(周長)measures3,046kilometersorso,makingitthe____37____(large)desertinChina.Ithastakenmorethan40years____38____(surround)theTaklimakanfullywithagreenbelt.TheTaklimakanDesertcontrolprojectis____39____partoftheThree-NorthShelterbeltForestProgram(TSFP)launchedin1978,whoseaimistodealwithdesertification(沙漠化).WiththeTSFPandmeasuressuchastheGrainforGreenProgram.Chinahashandedin____40____(it)ownanswersheettodesertification.AccordingtotheNationalForestryandGrasslandAdministration,over35.8millionhectares(公頃)ofdesertifiedlandhavebeenprotected,____41____over7.8millionhectaresofdesertifiedlandhavebeen____42____(effective)restored.TheforestcoveragerateintheTSFPareahasincreasedfrom12.41____43____13.84percent.Additionally,61percentofthesoilerosion(土壤侵蝕)areashavebeencontrolledsuccessfully,andthe“greenline”intheYellowRiverBasinhasshifted300kilometerswestward.Inthepast10years,thefrequencyofseveredustyweatherinspringinnorthernChina____44____(drop)significantly.Chinahastakenthegloballeadin_____45_____(achieve)“zerogrowth”inlanddegradationanda“dual(雙的)reduction”indesertificatioinanddesertifiedland.【答案】36.What37.largest38.tosurround39.a40.its41.and42.effectively43.to44.hasdropped45.achieving【語篇解讀】這是一篇說明文。主要介紹了中國政府治理沙漠化所做出的努力。【36題詳析】考查主語從句。句意：同樣讓我們驚訝的是，它的周長約為3046公里，是中國最大的沙漠。分析句子可知，設空處引導主語從句，從句中缺少主語，表示“……的事情”，所以用連接代詞“What”引導主語從句，位于句首，首字母大寫。故填What?！?7題詳析】考查形容詞最高級。句意：同樣讓我們驚訝的是，它的周長約為3046公里，是中國最大的沙漠。根據“inChina”可知，這里是在中國范圍內進行比較，且前面有定冠詞“the”，所以用“l(fā)arge”的最高級形式“l(fā)argest”，表示“最大的”。故填largest?！?8題詳析】考查動詞不定式。句意：用了40多年的時間，塔克拉瑪干才被綠化帶完全包圍?！癐ttakes+時間+todo