法律類英語文章試題及答案

一、單項選擇題（每題2分，共10題）1.Inalegalcontract,“consideration”refersto:A.ThepricepaidforgoodsB.SomethingofvalueexchangedbythepartiesC.AmeetingofthemindsD.ThelegalvenueAnswer:B2.Theterm“jurisdiction”mainlyconcerns:A.ThecolorofthelawbooksB.ThepowerofacourttohearacaseC.ThetypeoflawsinaregionD.ThenumberofjudgesinacourtAnswer:B3.A“plaintiff”is:A.ThepersonbeingsuedB.ThepersonwhosuesinacourtC.ThejudgeinatrialD.ThelawyerforthedefenseAnswer:B4.“Bail”is:A.MoneypaidbyacriminalaspunishmentB.Moneydepositedtosecureadefendant'sreleaseC.AfineimposedbythecourtD.CompensationtothevictimAnswer:B5.Whichofthefollowingisa“statute”?A.AcourtdecisionB.AwrittenlawpassedbyalegislatureC.AlegalprinciplefromacaseD.AninternationaltreatyAnswer:B6.“Verdict”inatrialmeans:A.TheopeningstatementofacaseB.ThedecisionofthejuryorjudgeC.TheargumentsofthelawyersD.TheevidencepresentedAnswer:B7.“Juror”refersto:A.ThepersonwhoprosecutesacaseB.ThepersonwhodefendsinacaseC.AmemberofthejuryD.TheclerkofthecourtAnswer:C8.InlegalEnglish,“l(fā)iable”means:A.FreefromresponsibilityB.ResponsibleorlegallyobligatedC.InapositionofpowerD.WithoutrightsAnswer:B9.“Appeal”is:A.ThefirstfilingofacaseB.ArequesttoahighercourttoreviewadecisionC.ThedismissalofacaseD.AnewtrialatthesamecourtAnswer:B10.“Witness”issomeonewho:A.DecidestheoutcomeofacaseB.RepresentsthepartiesinacaseC.SeesorhasknowledgeabouttheeventsrelatedtoacaseD.EnforcesthelawAnswer:C二、多項選擇題（每題2分，共10題）1.Whichofthefollowingareelementsofavalidcontract?(Selectallthatapply)A.OfferB.AcceptanceC.ConsiderationD.IntentiontocreatelegalrelationsAnswer:A,B,C,D2.Sourcesoflawmayinclude:(Selectallthatapply)A.StatutesB.CaselawC.CustomD.InternationaltreatiesAnswer:A,B,C,D3.Thefunctionsofalawyermayinvolve:(Selectallthatapply)A.AdvisingclientsonlegalmattersB.RepresentingclientsincourtC.DraftinglegaldocumentsD.EnforcingcourtdecisionsAnswer:A,B,C4.Inacriminalcase,whichofthefollowingmaybepresent?(Selectallthatapply)A.ProsecutorB.DefenseattorneyC.JuryD.VictimAnswer:A,B,C,D5.Whichofthefollowingcanbeusedasevidenceinatrial?(Selectallthatapply)A.TestimonyofwitnessesB.DocumentsC.PhysicalobjectsD.ExpertopinionsAnswer:A,B,C,D6.Legalrightscanbe:(Selectallthatapply)A.CivilrightsB.PropertyrightsC.HumanrightsD.ContractualrightsAnswer:A,B,C,D7.Whenacourtinterpretsalaw,itmayconsider:(Selectallthatapply)A.TheplainmeaningofthewordsB.ThelegislativeintentC.PrecedentD.PublicpolicyAnswer:A,B,C,D8.Whichofthefollowingaretypesoflegalsystems?(Selectallthatapply)A.CommonlawsystemB.CivillawsystemC.IslamiclawsystemD.CustomarylawsystemAnswer:A,B,C,D9.Alegaljudgmentmayinclude:(Selectallthatapply)A.LiabilitydeterminationB.DamagesawardC.InjunctionsD.DeclaratoryreliefAnswer:A,B,C,D10.Inthecontextofinternationallaw,whichofthefollowingareimportant?(Selectallthatapply)A.SovereigntyofstatesB.TreatiesC.InternationalorganizationsD.CustomaryinternationallawAnswer:A,B,C,D三、判斷題（每題2分，共10題）1.Acivilcaseisalwaysaboutcrimes.(False)2.Thejudgeistheonlydecision-makerinajurytrial.(False)3.Alllawsarewrittenlaws.(False)4.Adefendantcanneverbeacorporation.(False)5.Oncealawispassed,itcanneverbechanged.(False)6.Alawyermustalwaysaccepteveryclient.(False)7.Inalegalcase,evidencecanbemadeupbytheparties.(False)8.Thecommonlawsystemisbasedonlyonstatutes.(False)9.Internationallawhasnorealenforcementmechanisms.(False)10.Apersoncanbesuedforanyreason.(False)四、簡答題（每題5分，共4題）1.Brieflyexplainthedifferencebetweenacivillawsystemandacommonlawsystem.Answer:Inacivillawsystem,lawsaremainlycodifiedincomprehensivestatutes.Judgesapplythewrittenlawsdirectly.Inacommonlawsystem,lawsaredevelopedthroughjudicialdecisions(precedents)aswellasstatutes.Judgesplayanimportantroleincreatinglawthroughtheirinterpretations.2.Whatistheroleofajuryinatrial?Answer:Thejurylistenstotheevidencepresentedinatrial.Theyareresponsiblefordeterminingthefactsofthecase.Basedonthosefacts,theyreachaverdict,suchasguiltyornotguiltyinacriminalcaseorliableornotliableinacivilcase.3.Whatarethemainstepsintheprocessofpassingastatute?Answer:First,abillisproposedinthelegislature.Thenitgoesthroughcommitteereviews,debatesinthelegislature.Ifitpassesbothhouses(inabicameralsystem),itissenttotheexecutiveforapproval.Onceapproved,itbecomesastatute.4.Whatistheimportanceoflegalprecedent?Answer:Legalprecedentisimportantasitprovidesconsistencyinthelaw.Courtslookatpreviousdecisionsinsimilarcases.Ithelpsguidejudgesinmakingdecisions,ensuresfairness,andallowsforthedevelopmentofthelawovertime.五、討論題（每題5分，共4題）1.Discusstheimpactofglobalizationonnationallegalsystems.Answer:Globalizationhasledtoincreasedcross-bordertransactions.Nationallegalsystemshavetoadapttodealwithinternationalbusiness,trade,andhumanrightsissues.Thereismoreinfluencefrominternationallawandforeignlegalconcepts,andsometimestheneedtoharmonizelawstobecompetitiveintheglobalmarket.2.Shouldcorporationshavethesamelegalrightsasindividuals?Answer:Thereareargumentsonbothsides.Somesaycorporationsneedrightstooperateandprotecttheirproperty.Othersarguethattheyarenothumanandgivingthemallthesamerightsasin